Evaluation Of Environmental Effects Research Articles

Assessment of the ecological and environmental effects of large-scale photovoltaic development in desert areas

Photovoltaic development has played a crucial role in mitigating the energy crisis and addressing global climate change. However, it has also had significant impacts on the ecological environment. To ensure the sustainable growth of the photovoltaic industry, it is essential to establish an indicator system to assess the ecological and environmental effects of photovoltaic development. This study utilizes the Driving-Pressure–Status–Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to create an indicator system for evaluating the ecological and environmental effects of desert photovoltaic development. The study evaluates the ecological and environmental effects at the on-site (WPS), transitional zone (TPS), and off-site (OPS) areas of the Qinghai Gonghe Photovoltaic Park in China. The entropy weight method was utilized to calculate indicator weights, while the evaluation model and indicators were transformed uniformly to obtain standardized scores for ecological and environmental effects. and conducting a thorough analysis of the distribution characteristics and factors influencing the evaluation indicators’ scores. Overall, the large-scale development of desert photovoltaics in Gonghe County has had a positive impact on the ecological environment. The WPS had better ecological and environmental conditions than did the TPS and OPS, and the ecological and environmental evaluation levels of the WPS were categorized as “general” (0.439), while the ecological and environmental effect evaluation levels of the TPS (0.286) and OPS (0.28) were both “poor”, indicating significant room for improvement. Moreover, all indicators in the scheme layer, which are used to evaluate ecological and environmental quality, yielded higher scores for the WPS than for the TPS and OPS, demonstrating that photovoltaic development has a positive effect on desert area ecology and the environment.

Dynamic Evaluation of Environmental Effects Associated with the Inclusion of Hydrogen-powered Vehicles in Colombia

Currently, the generation of CO2 emissions into the environment has increased due to the use of fossil fuels by the transportation sector and other economic sectors, motivating governments to propose mitigation actions. As a result, the search for zero-emission transportation alternatives has gained momentum, with Hydrogen technology being one of the promising solutions due to its clean and efficient energy source. In compliance with this, the Hydrogen roadmap was developed in Colombia, which seeks to encourage the use of hydrogen as a fuel and energy generator in the country. In this study, the current composition of the vehicle fleet was characterized, then a dynamic simulation model was constructed for the replacement of fossil fuel vehicles with zero-emission vehicles, considering the particularities of the country, to finally analyze the generation of CO2 in the vehicle fleet from different scenarios related to the policies proposed by the government of Colombia and stipulated in the roadmap of hydrogen. With this, it was possible to demonstrate the positive impact of taking measures for vehicle replacement in the long term. Additionally, the model could be employed in other countries, considering the particularities of the vehicle fleet and the regulations specific to the regions.

Evaluation of environmental effects of electricity production from disposed railway sleepers

Evaluation of environmental effects of electricity production from disposed railway sleepers

Assessing the influence of geological stress induced damage and initial pH levels on the metal leaching behaviors of cemented paste backfill

Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is generally considered environmentally friendly when used in mining operations. However, the combination of geological stresses and groundwater seepage in an underground environment may cause the metallic elements contained in CPB to escape confined areas and potentially pollute the external environment. In this paper, geological stress-induced damage to CPB and the initial pH levels of the surrounding environment are assessed to determine their influences on the metal leaching behavior of CPB. Research methods used in the analysis include component characterization, static leaching tests, and kinetic theory analysis. The research results show that: as damage to CPB increased, both the pH and conductivity of the leachate increased, while the concentration of metallic elements in the leachate also increased except for aluminum (Al). Different metallic elements showed various leaching behaviors as the initial pH of the leaching solution increased. The release process of metallic elements from CPB can be segmented into three separate stages: the surface release stage, the internal release stage, and the adsorption and precipitation stage. Kinetic equations are obtained to describe the release rate of metallic elements. The leaching process is a dynamic equilibrium system formed by the release, absorption, and precipitation of metallic elements in the leachate. This research provides data for the evaluation of environmental effects on CPB.

Marker-Assisted Selection in Breeding for Fruit Trait Improvement: A Review.

Breeding fruit species is time-consuming and expensive. With few exceptions, trees are likely the worst species to work with in terms of genetics and breeding. Most are characterized by large trees, long juvenile periods, and intensive agricultural practice, and environmental variability plays an important role in the heritability evaluations of every single important trait. Although vegetative propagation allows for the production of a significant number of clonal replicates for the evaluation of environmental effects and genotype × environment interactions, the spaces required for plant cultivation and the intensity of work necessary for phenotypic surveys slow down the work of researchers. Fruit breeders are very often interested in fruit traits: size, weight, sugar and acid content, ripening time, fruit storability, and post-harvest practices, among other traits relevant to each individual species. The translation of trait loci and whole-genome sequences into diagnostic genetic markers that are effective and affordable for use by breeders, who must choose genetically superior parents and subsequently choose genetically superior individuals among their progeny, is one of the most difficult tasks still facing tree fruit geneticists. The availability of updated sequencing techniques and powerful software tools offered the opportunity to mine tens of fruit genomes to find out sequence variants potentially useful as molecular markers. This review is devoted to analysing what has been the role of molecular markers in assisting breeders in selection processes, with an emphasis on the fruit traits of the most important fruit crops for which examples of trustworthy molecular markers have been developed, such as the MDo.chr9.4 marker for red skin colour in apples, the CCD4-based marker CPRFC1, and LG3_13.146 marker for flesh colour in peaches, papayas, and cherries, respectively.

Environmental Effect Evaluation: A Quantile-Type Path-Modeling Approach

The environment is a key element that affects many aspects of our society, including the economy, education and talents. In this article, the main purpose is to provide statistical models, algorithms and quantitative evidence regarding environmental effect evaluation (EEE). To accomplish this investigation, I first establish a theoretical EEE model and then apply a quantile-type path-modeling algorithm in the developed EEE model at different quantile levels. In the real-data analysis, this article investigates hypotheses regarding this theoretical EEE model and illustrates the statistical performances of quantile-type path-modeling EEE estimators through bootstraps. The results mainly illustrate that the environment has indispensable impacts on the economy, education and science and technology talent directly and has indirect effects on scientific infrastructure and science and technology output. Compared with the existing classical path-modeling algorithm, quantile-type path-modeling EEE estimators make full use of quantile regression and then overcome the classical exploration of only average effects. Both the quantile-type EEE model and quantile-type path-modeling algorithm capture changes in the relations among constructs and between the constructs and observed variables, and this helps to analyze the entire distribution of the outcome variables in this EEE model.

Evaluation of the Environmental Effect of Automated Vehicles Based on IVIULWG Operator Development

The automated vehicle (AV) industry is a new growing industry of great interest. The environmental friendliness of AVs represents a core characteristic of their leap-forward development. The environmental effect of AVs, including its evaluation framework and algorithm, is a leading research area for continued technological innovation and market development in this field. This study focuses on three environmental aspects: the energy effect of AVs, the traffic effect of AVs on ground space, and the air effect of AVs on three-dimensional atmospheric space. First, an environmental effect evaluation indicator system that includes nine indices for AVs is constructed to be the basis for management decision making. Second, the interval-valued intuitionistic uncertain fuzzy (IVIUF) evaluation variable is used to solve the problem of data features that incorporate “crisp numbers” and “fuzzy numbers”. Moreover, geometric weights are added based on the generalized correlation aggregation operator. Then, the IVIUL-weighted geometric (IVIULWG) operator is developed, which includes the objective and subjective information of “crisp numbers” and “fuzzy numbers” and makes the mathematical characteristics more scientific and accurate. Finally, an evaluation example is used to validate the effectiveness and practicability of the algorithm.

The use of contaminated soil and lithium slag for the production of sustainable lightweight aggregate

The contaminated soil (CS) and lithium slag (LS) contain amounts of hazardous ingredients which may move into the ground water and local cropland. In order to prevent CS and LS from damaging the environment, an investigation on the utilization of CS and LS for the production of lightweight aggregate (LWA) was presented in this article. The basic properties of LWA were evaluated. Furthermore, the crystalline phases of the produced LWA were analyzed, and the microstructure of LWA was analyzed by X-ray micro-tomography. The experimental results showed that the LWA produced from the CS and LS had good performances with density of 0.5–1.5 g/cm3 and compressive strength of 1.0–8.7 MPa, which met the required standard of LWA. Meanwhile, it can be revealed that the LS can reduce the sintering temperature of LWA, thus exhibiting low energy consumption. The analysis of crystal phases indicated that the mineral compositions of LWA contained spinel phases, which provided a possibility for the solidification of heavy metals. In addition, the evaluation of environmental effect revealed the leaching concentrations of hazardous metals were much lower than the critical limits of nonhazardous materials. Finally, the economic benefits were analyzed in the entire production process of LWA, which indicated that using CS and LS to produce LWA can lower the raw material cost by 85–98%. This work will create a more eco-friendly and economical method for the management of solid wastes (CS and LS). Meanwhile, this study can provide theoretical basis for the sustainable production of LWA.

쓰레기 매립지 토양에 함유되어 있는 유해가스의 환경영향 분석

In this study, we focused on the evaluation of environmental effects by harmful gases derived from waste landfills soil. Places were selected to total three areas by the criteria for permitting access on fields. Concretely they are a waste landfill at Mokcheon, and waste mountains at Jincheon and Byeongcheon. Mokcheon's waste landfill contain several vertical wells, and then the center of determination was selected to the oldest landfill spot, also the distance of determination was set up 0 ~ 400m(100m spaced). The center of determination at waste mountains was selected to the highest load spot, setting up the distance of determination 0 ~ 600m(150m spaced). Experiments were conducted to measure harmful gases concentration by the distance from center using Gastec and multi-gas monitors. In case of a waste landfill, CO and HCHO concentration were increased to 2.2 times at the nearby 300m from the center. And also, in case of waste mountains, the concentration of CO and HCHO increased dramatically at the point of inflection than a waste landfill. Therefore, environmental effects of waste landfills were conducted from the quantitative analysis, and then we would bring to senses for harmful gases contained in waste landfills soil.

Evaluation of Agricultural Supply Chain Effects and Big Data Analysis Based on Internet of Things Technology

Building an information-based rural economic supply chain is an effective way to implement the rural revitalization strategy. The construction of China’s agricultural product logistics market is still very backward, mainly including imperfect information system and high cost of intermediate circulation links. How to optimize the supply chain of agricultural products, ensure the normal supply of agricultural products quality and quantity in the market, improve people’s living standards, and achieve the purpose of improving benefits is an important topic to be studied today. Aiming at the problems of traditional agricultural products supply chain, the application of Internet of Things technology in supply chain can be effectively solved. Therefore, this paper proposes the research on the environmental effect evaluation of rural economic supply chain based on Internet of Things technology and proposes to build a wireless sensor network for agricultural products for the collection and exchange of agricultural products information. At the same time, RFID (radio-frequency identification) electronic tags integrated with sensors are applied in other links of the supply chain. The experimental results show that the construction of the rural economic supply chain system based on Internet of Things technology can effectively optimize the rural economic supply chain, realize efficient information sharing, improve the quality of agricultural products, reduce the cost of each link of the supply chain, improve the competitiveness of rural supply chain, and promote the good development of rural agricultural products and rural economic supply chain environment.

Evaluation of environmental effect of pump shoes in terms of manufacturing process

China is the largest footwear producing country, as well as the largest country producing the footwear manufacturing waste. In order to achieve sustainable development in the footwear industry, we should pay attention to their environmental effect seriously. Therefore, by applying life-cycle assessment (LCA) protocol, we aimed to explore the effect of the manufacturing process on the environment of a classical style of pump shoes. Following guidelines of ISO 14010, we first determined the objective and the scope of this study; then, we collected input and output data from the shoe producing line of a shoe-making enterprise in Wenzhou, China; afterwards, we applied eFootprint software for LCA modeling; finally, we chose three LCA indicators for further analysis: Global Warming Potential (GWP, kg CO2 eq), Primary Energy Demand (PED, MJ) and Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP, kg Sb eq). Our results show that by producing one pair of pump shoes, the manufacturing process will emit 11.427 Kg CO2 eq in terms of GWP, 232.621MJ in PED and 6.291×10-5Kg sb eq in ADP. Hence, by multiplying the number of shoes produced in China, negative environmental influences from shoe making industry were also dramatic. According to further contribution rate of all process, we found that materials such as the water-based binder and the plastic last used in manufacturing process accounted for the major reason. Overall, while considering the environmental effects from the shoe manufacturing process, we shall not ignore the environmental impact whilst producing the binder and the last. Moreover, by reducing binder usage or updating the shoe making technology, and recycling the last can be an efficient way to reduce the environmental effects from the shoe making industry.

Machine Learning Applied to the NOx Prediction of Diesel Vehicle under Real Driving Cycle

Euro 6 standards impose stringent nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission limits on diesel cars. NOx emissions are significantly different between Euro 6 diesel cars and the previous standards in real-world driving. In this research, the NOx concentrations of Euro 6 diesel engines during real-world driving were studied considering various factors. Real driving emission (RDE) tests were conducted using vehicles equipped with portable emissions measurement systems. Urban, rural, and motorway test routes were utilized. Road environment, atmospheric, and after-treatment performance factors were collected in each case. An artificial neural network was used for evaluation using RDE test data and various statistical parameters. It was found that the proposed method predicted the pollutant emissions effectively. Lastly, the relative importance of each predictor was derived, and the NOx concentrations were analyzed. These approaches provide accurate emission information for an environmental effect evaluation that reflects more realistic road conditions.

Improvement Plan Through NONAGREEMENT CONSULTATION Analysis of Small Scale Environmental Impact Assessment

Purpose: Small-scale environmental impact assessment means an assessment conducted by survey-ing, forecasting, and assessing the appropriateness of a site location and the environmental impact to provide ecological conservation measures when it is intended to implement a development project in an area requiring planned development. However, there are many cases of raising problems because of environmental information s lack and uncertainty about ecological issues. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the small-scale environmental impact assessment consultation for the development project by analyzing the reasons for the nonagreement of consultation work, focusing on regulations related to the environment and law. Method: This study analyzed 357 cases notified the result of ‘nonagreement’ consultation of small-scale environmental impact assessments for 9 years from 2012 to 2020. We conducted a one-way ANO-VA analysis to determine the differences in the reasons for nonagreement consultation by year, by con-sulting agency, by project zone, and by project type. Post-hoc analysis was performed by the Scheff test. To conduct statistical analysis, we used Spss Statistics 21 statistical program. Results: The sharp increase in the number of yearly nonagreements in 2018 can be attributed to en-vironmental policy variations following government change in 2017. This increase is because the basis for determining the contents of small-scale environmental impact assessment consultations has become more stringent. We believe that the high rate of nonagreement consultation regarding guidelines and regulations in 2018 and 2019 is also an amendment in environmental policy following the change of government in 2017. The ratio of energy projects was high as the reason for nonagreement consulta-tion by project type. It is believed that this result was inevitable to lead to ‘nonagreement’ because the Ministry of Environment established the ‘Environmental effects evaluation consultation guideline for inland solar power generation’ in 2018 to limit the location of solar power plants. Conclusion: To efficiently operate the small-scale environmental impact assessment and achieve the environmental assessment objectives, the Ministry of Environment should apply the relaxed criteria as a detailed guideline for each area in small-scale environmental impact assessments with small areas. Also, the differences in the analysis results by year and by consulting agency seem to be because most of the consultation workers are public administrative officers, and their working departments were changed according to the interchange of personnel every year. Public officials in charge of consultation are bound to rely on consultation review institutions such as the Korea Environment Institute, the Korea Environment Corporation, the National Institute of Ecology, and the National Institute of Environmental Research. They have no choice but to rely on them. Therefore, we suggest that the officials in charge of consultation should be technical officials rather than administrative officials to improve their professio-nalism. For efficient operation, frequent personnel transfers of public officials in charge of consultation should also be improved.

A study on evaluation of environmental effect on honey bee species in Western Himalayan region

A study on evaluation of environmental effect on honey bee species in Western Himalayan region

Evaluation of Environmental Effects by LCA Method of Recycling of Depleted Electrical Insulators by Their Reuse for Cementitious Composites

This paper is devoted to the evaluation of the environmental effects by the LCA method of recycling electrical insulators through their secondary use in the production of cementitious composites as replacements for traditional mineral aggregates. For the proposed waste recycling system, using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, the environmental impact of product manufacturing was evaluated at the level of several key factors. A cubic meter of concrete composite was used as the functional unit. The environmental impact assessment was carried out for recycled and traditional composite products. The work was carried out using the openLCA computer program. The obtained results confirmed that the replacement of traditional aggregate with recycled aggregate after its prior deposition and grinding at the concrete producer brings positive effect. Compared to the production of traditional composite, the production of composites with recycled aggregate showed a favorable parameter: the amount of depletion of natural resources. Other studied parameters such as climate change, air pollution and process toxicity ware almost the same for both types of composites. Taking into account the results obtained, it was concluded that this type of waste trading system can be implemented in industrial activities with a positive effect on the environment.

Evaluation of environmental effects of heavy metals on biochemical profile and oxidative stress among children at brick kiln sites

The present study was designed to study the health risks among children living at brick kiln industries. A survey was conducted, questionnaires were filled out, and demographic data was collected from Punjab, Pakistan. Heavy metals burden and BMI were calculated, hematological and enzyme analysis, comet assay and hormonal ELISA were performed. The results showed decreased BMI, RBC count and hematocrit in the exposed group. Nickel, cadmium, zinc and chromium concentrations in whole blood were detected among exposed children. Antioxidant enzymes and growth hormone concentration decreased, while reactive oxygen species and cortisol level increased in the exposed group. The comet assay findings showed decreased percentage DNA in the head and increased in the tail region among exposed group. It was concluded that children living at brick kiln sites experienced decreased BMI, altered antioxidant enzymes status and hormone levels and cellular DNA damage that pose a major threat on child health.

Environmental effect evaluation of refrigerator cycle with life cycle climate performance

In this study, a method to evaluate the environmental effects of household refrigerators is newly developed in terms of life cycle climate performance (LCCP). The energy consumption model of the refrigerator is developed with three types of typical single evaporator refrigerators. The operation ratio of the evaporators, which is critical for calculating the energy consumption of dual evaporator refrigerators, is determined using experimental results of serial, bypass, and parallel-circuit cycle refrigerators. The LCCP results show that the system performance and equipment manufacturing emissions are dominant factors in lifetime CO2 emissions. Therefore, energy- and material-related factors, such as refrigerator cycle options, refrigerator material, insulation, and power sources, are primarily investigated. For cycle options, CO2 emissions can be reduced by 14.7% using a two-stage cycle. For condenser materials, CO2 emissions can be reduced by 2% to 2.5% using aluminum instead of steel. For insulation, the total emissions can be reduced by up to 7.7% by applying vacuum insulation panels on each side of the refrigerator. When 20% renewable energy is supplied, the total emissions are expected to be reduced by 13% in the baseline, 19.9% in the parallel-circuit cycle, and 26% in the two-stage cycle.

Environmental effects evaluation of photovoltaic power industry in China on life cycle assessment

Along with the rapid development of Photovoltaic (PV) power industry, it is critical to evaluate its environmental effects based on life-cycle assessment, both of carbon emissions and carbon reduction. However, there are few studies focusing on the this issue. And almost all of the existing a few researches employ the carbon emission factor of the whole life-cycle for carbon emission calculation, and do not take distinctions between sub-stages into consideration. Thus, the aim of this study is to estimate carbon emissions of PV power industry based on sub-stages in life-cycle, and evaluate environmental effects of China’s PV power industry during 2012–2017. Especially, carbon emission results utilizing the carbon emission factor of the whole life-cycle and sub-stages are compared. It is revealed that PV power industry’s carbon emission of China is increasing steadily, and using carbon emission factor of the whole life-cycle could neglect 90.77% of carbon emissions compared to using carbon emission factor of sub-stages. Furthermore, China’s PV power industry plays a negative role in reducing carbon emissions, with total net carbon reduction of −64.88 × 109 kg carbon dioxide equivalent. Among six power grids, only northwestern and southern power grid make positive contribution in reducing carbon emissions, while the other four power grids make negative contribution in reducing carbon emissions. This study provides expressive evidences for policy makers and investors to balance the role PV power played.

EXTERNAL EFFECTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS: LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS-BASED APPROACH

Nowadays planning and developing of innovative renewable energy projects across the globe imply calculation and consideration of negative environmental effects not only at the stage of utilization but also at the stage of manufacturing and disposal. Thus, the modern practice of environmental management on a regional level requires the more widespread introduction of life cycle analysis. The aim of the present paper is to develop an environmental effects evaluation methodology based on ecological impact categories through all the stages of lifecycle of renewable energy technologies. We used DEA-based calculation of the efficiency score for each renewable energy technology. EcoInvent database which rests on CML 2001 methodology has been chosen as a source of eco-indicators. We suppose, the efficiency ratio will remain unchanged, when transferring estimates of the life cycle of renewable energy facilities to another territory. This allows us to use data obtained in other regions of the world, to extrapolate comparative assessments and make the choice of the most environmentally preferable technology. The input-oriented DEA modelling has demonstrated geothermal and biogas technologies are the most preferable from an environmental point of view with the highest possible score. The least effective technologies are both modifications of PV with the minimum efficiency score. The results of the presented work might be useful for decision- and policymakers for a more consistent planning and energy strategy deployment.Keywords: renewable projects, external effects, LCA analysis, ecological impactJEL Classifications: O33, Q42, Q47, Q48DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.7959

Environmental Effects Evaluation of Innovative Renewable Energy Projects

Developing sustainable renewable energy projects involves complex decision-making processes. At present time planning and developing of renewable energy projects across the globe imply calculation and consideration of negative environmental effects at all stages of energy project life cycle. The aim of the paper is to develop an environmental effects evaluation methodology based on ecological impact categories through all the stages of lifecycle of renewable energy technologies. We used data envelopment analysis to calculate the efficiency score for each renewable energy technology. EcoInvent database has been chosen as a source of eco-indicators. We suppose the efficiency ratio will remain unchanged when transferring estimates of the life cycle of renewable energy facilities to another territory. This allows us to use data obtained in other regions of the world to extrapolate comparative assessments and make the deliberate choice of the most environmentally preferable technology. The input-oriented DEA modelling has demonstrated geothermal and biogas technologies are the most preferable from an environmental point of view with the highest possible score. The least effective technologies are both modifications of PV with the minimum efficiency score. The results of the presented work indicated that DEA showed great promise to be an effective evaluating tool for future analysis on energy policy issues.