Separation of the most significant components of the environmental radiation field is now, possible through the development of a new method of environmental meson dosimetry. Since this method allows absolute and simultaneous measurement of both gamma and meson dose, it offers particularly cogent advantages for environmental applications. Spherical scintillators, liquid or plastic, are used with integral count rate techniques to provide meson dose with an accuracy of approximately 4%. Even near sea level, where the meson flux is less than 1% of the gamma flux, the environmental meson dose rate can be as high as 40 to 60% of the environmental gamma dose rate. (auth)