Environmental-based Diseases Research Articles

Explore Indonesian Spatial Patterns: Poor House Sanitation and Critical Environmental Disease in East Kalimantan

Objective Community-Led Total Sanitation, along with its contained 5 pillars, impacts on the fundamentals of status environmental health. This study aims to determine the spatial distribution pattern with sanitation facilities. This research aimed to analyze the distribution of houses with low economic priority in terms of topografi and their occupants' health conditions, focusing on critical environmental-based diseases, particularly stunting. Methods In order to improve sanitation facilities in terms of the community-based total sanitation pillar, this program was utilized as the stimulant recipient in this study, which had a population of 45 homes with special attention categories. Total sampling was employed to establish the research sample. Average Nearest Neighbor (ANN) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the gathered data. Results As a result, the distribution pattern of the houses by looking at the poor environmental health condition, is categorized as clustered. The topography is hilly, with poor access to clean water, and there is no difference in the physical condition of the houses. Conclusion The pattern of distribution of houses with low economy is obtained in groups in areas that do not have access to adequate clean water. Diseases that exist in these community groups include diarrhea, tuberculosis, ISPA, and stunting.

Pendampingan Sekolah Peduli Tuberkulosis Paru Berbasis Lingkungan Sehat

Environmental conditions can influence the occurrence of environmental-based diseases. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an environmental-based disease that is still a problem in Indonesia. The aim: to increase knowledge about pulmonary TB and increase sanitation facilities to improve indoor air circulation. This community service was carried out by a team of lecturers and students from the Kupang Ministry of Health Health Polytechnic Sanity Study Program. The activity partners were students of SMPK Adisucipto Penfui Kupang. Activities began with situation analysis, activity planning, implementation of counseling, mentoring as well as monitoring and evaluating activities. Community service activities in the form of assistance to schools caring for pulmonary TB at SMPK Adisucipto Penfui. This activity consists of counseling about preventing pulmonary TB disease and providing facilities to improve air circulation in classrooms. The results of the evaluation of student knowledge using a questionnaire showed that there was an increase in student knowledge. Providing facilities in the form of fans increases the availability of facilities to improve room air circulation so that the room air is more comfortable and feels cooler. Counseling with lectures and giving leaflets increases knowledge about pulmonary TB. The increase in the number of sanitation facilities has increased indoor air circulation making it more comfortable. Follow-up: Continuous assistance with broader targets (UKS, teachers, parents).

The Concept of Sustainable Eco-Urban Settlement in Yogyakarta Peri-urban Area Regarding to Public Health Prevalence Reduction Efforts

Settlement quality has always been a concern in development issues in Indonesia. Humans as residents who live in a settlement act as subjects and objects in development so the role of humans in the quality of settlements is also closely related. Settlement quality is one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), more precisely, the 11th goal which aims to make cities and settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. The general problem related to the quality of settlements is that most areas still have inadequate quality settlements and the density of existing settlements exceeds the carrying capacity and carrying capacity of the environment. This can affect the decline in environmental quality in these settlements. Diseases that occur due to environmental conditions can occur due to interactions between humans, human behavior, and the environment in which they live that have the potential to transmit disease. Poor residential environmental conditions will increase the risk of environmental-based disease transmission. One of the common environmental-based diseases that occurs in settlements is leptospirosis which is usually caused by poor environmental sanitation conditions and the presence of rats. Poor environmental conditions will indirectly affect the health conditions of residents, such as mothers and children in the house. Poor maternal and child health creates opportunities for stunting to occur. Stunting is a nutritional status outcome that occurs when a child has a height of less than −2.0 standard deviation (SD) compared to the population average.

Identification of Spatial Patterns of Community Health Centers and Health Disasters: Learning from the Covid-19 Pandemic in Magelang District, Central Java, Indonesia

Regional development in an area will have consequences for the health status of the surrounding community. This paper discusses the adequacy of community health center (CHC) facilities in taking an important role in managing health disasters such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Covid-19 is one of the most infectious environmental-based diseases. The research objective was to spatially identify the availability of CHC and their relationship to Covid-19 cases during the pandemic. Ecological studies are used with a spatial approach. The population in this study were all sub-districts in Magelang District with a total sampling. Spatial analysis makes use of the QGIS and Geoda applications. The results showed that there was grouped spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I = 0.089, Io = 0.05) between CHC in Magelang. Covid-19 in Magelang residents has a positive autocorrelation with CHC (Moran’s I = 0.248, Io = 0.05) and forms a cluster pattern. The spatial lag regression further clarifies that there is a spatial autocorrelation between the two variables (Coef: -0.175; p value= 0.569), and the Covid-19 variable has a significant influence on the CHC (p=0.0022). Analysis using the Local Indicator Spatial Association (LISA) method found that Ngluwar Sub-district is in the High-High quadrant, while Mungkid Sub-district is in the Low-High quadrant and the other sub-districts are not significant. Spatial pattern heterogeneity is formed in CHC and there is a spatial autocorrelation relationship between Covid-19 cases and CHC. Systematic planning is needed to overcome the adequacy of the CHC to help improve the quality of public health.

Access of Clean Water and Sanitation with The Incidence of Environmental-Based Diseases in The Working Area of The Oesapa Sub-District

Sanitation is an effort to prevent disease that focuses on environmental health efforts for human life. The purpose of this study was to determine access to clean water and the condition of basic sanitation facilities in the Oesapa Village, Kupang City. Sources of clean water used by the people of Oesapa Sub District consist of 72% dug wells, 15% PDAM, and 12% tank water. Ownership of clean sir facilities: 78% use privately owned SAB and 22% use neighbor-owned (shared use). The condition of clean water facilities with a high-risk level of 53%, moderate 32%, high 13% and very high 2%. Condition of family latrines 38% high-risk level, 61% low-risk level. SPAL conditions have a low-risk level of 91%, a medium of 5% and a high 4%. There is a relationship between the condition of clean water facilities and the incidence of environmental diseases in the Oesapa sub-district and there is no relationship between the condition of the sanitation facilities (latrines and SPAL) and the incidence of environmental-based diseases in the Oesapa sub-district.

DETERMINAN KEJADIAN DIARE DI DESA SAMURA KECAMATAN KABANJAHE KABUPATEN KARO

Diarrhea is a disease in which the frequency of bowel movements is more frequent than usual or more than 3 times a day, accompanied by a change in the structure of the stool, which becomes softer and even more liquid. The cause of diarrhea is one of the environmental-based diseases which is still a public health problem where one of the causes of diarrhea is poor environmental sanitation conditions. This study aims to determine the determinants of the incidence of diarrhea in Samura Village, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency in 2022. This type of research is analytic observation with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all heads of families who lived in Samura Village, Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, totaling 3,398 families, with a sample size of 97 samples. The sampling technique was carried out by means of Simple Random Sampling. Data analysis used the Chi Square test. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are two variables related to the incidence of diarrhea, namely: personal hygiene with a p-value = 0.014 (p <0.05) and landfills with a p-value = 0.016 (p <0.05) and there are two variables that are not related to the incidence of diarrhea, namely: sources of clean water with a p-value = 346 (p> 0.05) and sewerage with a p-value = 0.472 (p> 0.05).
 Suggestions for the community to always maintain a clean environment and always apply PHBS, especially in maintaining personal hygiene so that it is far from various diseases

Edukasi dan Penilaian Kesehatan Perumahan di Wilayah Pesisir Kecamatan Ampenan Kota Mataram

A healthy settlement is a place to live permanently, functioning as a place to live, rest, recreation and as a place of refuge from environmental influences that meet physiological and psychological requirements, free from illness and accident. Ampenan District is located in the western region of Lombok Island and is one of the famous coastal areas for tourist destinations. One of them is Ampenan Beach. It is a common concern that in this area there are rows of houses whose health needs to be considered so that they do not become a source of risk of disease transmission such as tuberculosis, pneumonia and other environment-based diseases related to the home environment. Education is needed to increase the knowledge of residents to avoid environmental-based diseases, especially the residential environment. The method used in community service is to provide understanding and knowledge of liveable healthy homes in the residents of Karang Bunyuk, Ampenan District, Mataram City. Education and assessment of healthy homes is carried out door-to-door (from house to house). Educational media in the form of brochures containing knowledge about calm and healthy homes. Healthy home assessments were carried out on 25 residents' house. Based on the results of a survey we conducted on 25 houses in the Karang Buyuk environment, Ampenan District, it was found that there were 2 houses that met the healthy home standards and 23 houses that did not meet the healthy home standards

Pembangunan Tempat Sampah Sementara Di Desa Bolihutuo Kecamatan Botumioto Kabupaten Boalemo

Disposing of household waste carelessly around the house or into the river has become a habit for some people in Bolihutuo Village, causing several environmental-based diseases and polluting the river. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study on household waste management based on operational technical aspects, institutions, financing, laws and regulations and community participation. This observational analytic study aims to examine household waste management and the factors related to it, as well as to plan community-based household waste management. The result is that the average household waste generated is 1.46 litters/person/day or 0.38 kg/person/day, which consists of 47% organic waste, 15% paper, 22% plastic, and 16% metal and others. In Bolihutuo Village has not been implemented optimally. Education level, income level, behaviour towards environmental hygiene, knowledge of regional regulations on solid waste, and willingness to pay waste fees are positively correlated with household waste management. Suggestions given include improving waste services, forming village waste management groups, involving the community and the private sector in financing, increasing cross-sectoral coordination and involving community leaders and religious leaders, and implementing strict solid waste regulations.

Potret Peningkatan Kesehatan Lingkungan Untuk Pencegahan Penyakit Berbasis Lingkungan di Desa Ngayub Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara

Until now, environmental-based diseases (EBD) are still a danger to the community, including respiratory tract infection (RTI) and diarrhea. RTI and diarrhea can be experienced by anyone, from infants to adults. Other diseases caused by the environment, namely, malaria, chikungunya, dengue fever, filariasis and so on. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase public awareness in Ngayub Village, Manyeuw District, Southeast Maluku Regency about the importance of maintaining a clean environment and clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS), through counseling and social services. The methods used in implementing community service are Focus Group Discussion (FGD), counseling, and community service as well as planting protected trees. The results of community service activities regarding FGDs found that people still throw garbage everywhere, as many as 70% of houses do not have sewerage (SPAL), there is a lack of clean water sources so that people have to buy clean water through water tanks and collect rainwater for used as clean water to meet daily needs. Lack of clean water sources, littering everywhere, and no SPAL in every house can cause environmental-based diseases. So the community service team provided counseling on the importance of keeping the environment clean to prevent PBL which was attended by 85% of the community, joint community service and planting of protected trees attended by 85% of the people of Ngayub Village.

The Relationship Between Knowledge and Attitude with Clean and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior of Owner of Batak Restaurant In Tigaraja Market, Tigaraja Village, Girsang Sipangan Bolon District, Simalungun Regency

Clean and healthy living behavior in Indonesia is currently still low, this is related to various health problems or the spread of environmental-based diseases which are epidemiologically high in Indonesia. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with clean and healthy living behavior of typical Batak restaurant owners in Tigaraja Market, Tigaraja Village, Girsang Sipangan Bolon District, Simalungun Regency in 2022. This type of research is descriptive with a population of all typical Batak restaurant owners in Pasar Tiga. King with a sample of 30 total sampling technique. The results of this study obtained that the majority of respondents were aged 41 — 60 years, namely 18 people (60%) while the minority had ages > 60 years, namely 5 people (16%). The majority of the respondent's last education was high school, namely 11 people (36.7%) while the minority with the last education was elementary school, namely 5 people (16.7%) and tertiary education, namely 5 people (16.7%). The majority have good knowledge, namely as many as 15 people (50%) while the minority have less knowledge, namely as many as 5 people (16.7 % ). The majority had an attitude of agreeing as many as 16 people (53.3%) while the minority had an attitude that did not agree as many as 14 people (46.7%). The majority had good behavior as many as 17 people (56.7 % ) while the minority had bad behavior as many as 13 people (43.3%). The results of the chi-sguare test variable knowledge p value 0.009, attitude variable p value 0.031, it can be concluded that knowledge and attitudes have a relationship with clean and healthy living behavior of typical Batak restaurant owners in the Tiga Raja market, Tiga Raja Village, Girsang Sipangan Bolon District, Simalungun Regency 2022.

Determinants of Diarrhea Disease Environmental Conditions in Manutapen Village Kupang City

One of the environmental-based diseases that is still often found in developing countries is diarrheal disease. Diarrhea can also cause death. Limited toilet facilities in Manutapen Village, Kupang City could be one of the causes of the high number of diarrhea cases in the area. This type of research is descriptive with a survey method. Cross sectional sampling. The data taken is primary and secondary data. The results of the study showed that as many as 87.10% of diarrhea sufferers were > 5 years old, the distance is cubluk / resapans in toilets for diarrhea sufferers < 10 meters from the well are 12.90%, condition of toilet floors in houses of diarrhea sufferers that are not tight is 74.20%, condition of dirt/feces entry holes in open latrines is 6.45%, length / The width of the latrine floor in the house of diarrhea sufferers which is < 1 meter is 67.74%, the latrine house of diarrhea sufferers which does not have a roof is 19.35%. The conclusions that can be drawn are the distance of the cesspool to the source of clean water, the condition of the latrine floor, the condition of the dirt entry hole, the size of the floor area and the condition of the latrine house which does not meet health requirements can be factors that cause diarrhea

Environmental-based diseases of students in urban and rural areas, Lampung province, Indonesia

The aim of this study is to examine environmental-based diseases among students in Lampung Province, Indonesia. A total of 1,000 students from all districts in Lampung Province participated. Subsequently, the student disease distribution was grouped using the ROCK (Robust Clustering Using LinKs) method. The results indicated that many students were in a cluster often exposed to environmental-based diseases (cluster 4). The type of environmental-based disease that mostly affects the students in cluster 4 is skin disease while very few suffer from intestinal worms. The results of this study also demonstrated that students in rural areas suffer more from environmental-based diseases than those who live in urban areas. The majority of students in urban areas suffered from air-sensitive diseases (42%). Cluster 4 was the group of students who suffered from environmental-based diseases. Environmental-based diseases arise or recur due to environmental pollution such as acute respiratory infections (ARIs), diarrhea, intestinal worms, pulmonary tuberculosis and skin diseases. This may be due to the lack of awareness and knowledge of students in rural areas regarding the importance of protecting the environment in order to avoid environmental-based diseases.

PELAKSANAAN KLINIK SANITASI LINGKUNGAN PUSKESMAS JALAN GEDANG KOTA BENGKULU

Sanitation clinics are created to improve the health status of the community through promotive, preventive, and curative efforts that are carried out in an integrated, focused and continuous manner. This study aims to see the implementation of a sanitation clinic at Jalan Gedang Health Center. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach that describes the state of the object under study. The data collection used is by interview and observation with interview guidelines and observation sheets. Informants in this study were sanitarian officers, poly officers, head of RT, community, head of Jalan Gedang Public Health Center. This research was conducted on August 10 s.d. August 20, 2022 in the Working Area of ​​Jalan Gedang Health Center, Bengkulu City. The results of the research in the Working Area of ​​Jalan Gedang Health Center showed that there were 2 activities that had been going well and in accordance with the Minister of Health Regulation No. 13 of 2015, namely there had been counseling activities carried out by the Puskesmas in order to solve health problems due to the environment and the Puskesmas had several field review programs. namely IKL SAB, TTU Sanitation, Healthy Homes, and Drinking Water Depot Sanitation. There is 1 sanitation clinic activity at the Puskesmas that is not appropriate, namely intervention activities in the community which are only carried out if a case has occurred in the community. The conclusion of this study is that Jalan Gedang Health Center has several programs that function in preventing environmental-based diseases. However, intervention programs in the community must be implemented better before environmental-based disease cases arise.

Identification of Environmental-Based Health Problems in Coastal Area of Mata Public Health Centre

Health problems caused by environmental conditions around humans in the form of sewerage, garbage disposal, water sources and family latrines. The purpose of this study was to identify environmental-based health problems in the working area of the Mata Health Center. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive research with a survey approach. The population in this study is the entire community, totaling 11,298 people. The sample in this study was 200 respondents with a sampling technique using simple random sampling. The results showed that the environmental-based diseases in the coastal areas of the Mata health center were diarrhea (58%), dengue (12%), malaria (4.5%), ARI (5.5%), contact dermatitis (20%), While the description of environmental factors in the coastal area is that the majority of clean water sources come from PDAM (60%), the condition of the water used is in the smelly category (1%), tasted water (7.5%), colored water (8.5% ); there are still those who do not have latrines (8%), latrines are not always closed (42.5%), do not clean latrines (7%); there are still those who do not have a garbage disposal at home (4%), and even if they have a garbage can, there are still non-watertight and closed garbage disposal containers (28%).The conclusion of this research is that there were still environmental factors that did not meet health requirements in the coastal area of ​​the Mata Health Center and caused environmental-based diseases.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM KEPEMILIKAN JAMBAN KELUARGA DI DESA TALANG BOSENG WILAYAH PUSKESMAS SIDODADI KECAMATAN PONDOK KELAPA KABUPATEN BENGKULU TENGAH

Efforts to improve hygiene behavior and increase access to sanitation continue to be developed. One of the applications of the Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) concept, CLTS is a concept with a promotion approach by facilitating the community to apply good environmental sanitation with a focus on not defecating in the open. Based on the 2019 annual report Health Center, the incidence of diarrhea ranks second in environmental-based diseases with 111 cases. The high prevalence of diarrhea is partly due to the lack of access to clean water, as much as 27.4% of clean water facilities/dug wells do not meet the requirements. As many as 35% of households still defecate in the open. The process of implementing community service activities in the framework of open defecation-free villages in Talang Boseng Village Working Area of ​​the Sidodadi Health Center, Pondok Kelapa District, Central Bengkulu Regency, namely using a combination of triggering and providing stimulants for the construction of family latrines carried out by the Community Service Team from the Bengkulu Ministry of Health Polytechnic, Sidodadi Health Center, Sidodadi Village Officials, and the Sidodadi community who do not yet have or who have latrines that do not meet health requirements.

Pemicuan Community Led Total Sanitation di Jorong Ronah Bengkek Kecamatan Kapur IX Kabupaten 50 Kota

Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) is an approach to changing hygiene and sanitation behaviour through community empowerment with a triggering method that aims to change the behaviour of people who defecate anywhere. Environmental-based diseases, primarily related to water-borne diseases, still dominate the prevalence of diseases in Indonesia. Changing hygiene and sanitation behaviour through community empowerment is needed to improve the health status of the community as high as possible. Community service activities were conducted through interviews, triggering activities and community observations. The flow of triggering activities were introductions, conveying intentions and objectives, atmosphere building, identification of local languages, simple mapping, counting faeces, transect walk, water contamination paths, discussions, social contracts, and free defecation commitment. Participants who previously did not have latrine facilities became aware of and committed to constructing latrines independently. The village where this activity has been carried out will soon become an open defecation-free village. Become a promotor for monitoring and triggering activities for people to stop open defecation.

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PENERAPAN 5 PILAR SANITASI TOTAL BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (STBM) DI DESA CILELLANG KECAMATAN MALLUSETASI KABUPATEN BARRU

Community participation in implementing the 5 pillars of community-based total sanitation is very important so that it can be fully implemented so that people can live clean and healthy so as to avoid environmental-based diseases. The aim of the study was to determine Community Participation in Efforts to Implement the 5 Pillars of Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) in Cilellang Village, Mallusetasi District, Barru District. The type of research used is quantitative research with a quantitative descriptive approach with a total sample of 60 people taken by simple random sampling technique. The variables studied were participation and implementation of the 5 pillars of community-based total sanitation. The results of this study were based on statistical tests obtained by the Cilelleng Village Community who participated by 60.0% and 40.0% who did not participate. This research suggests the local government to socialize more about the importance of the 5 pillars in everyday life to avoid various kinds of environmental-based diseases.

Collaborating the Role of Stakeholders in Waste Management on Penyengat Island, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia

The main problem of waste management on small islands is that the amount of waste often exceeds the capacity that the island can handle, due to the limited availability of land, volume of land, budget, and human resources. Unmanaged waste generation has an ecological impact such as environmental pollution, loss of natural resources; economic impacts such as decreased productivity; social impacts such as the emergence of conflict, and health impacts uch as increasing the number of environmental-based diseases on the community and the wider environment. The stakeholder role collaboration strategy is needed. This study aims to formulate a collaborative strategy for the role of stakeholders in the proper management of Penyengat Island, Tanjungpinang City. This research method is qualitative. Waste management on the island of Penyengat demands the role of the government, the private sector, and the community. The government moves in terms of regulations, facilities, and implementers. The role of the private sector is more to provide funds and empowerment. While the role of the community is more on empowering efforts to reduce waste and its utilization.

Pemberian Edukasi dalam Upaya Prevensi Diare pada Masyarakat di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Air Dingin Kota Padang

The density of flies outside the house in settlements around TPA Air Cold which tends to be high can cause environmental-based diseases, especially diarrhea. Diarrhea is a threat to the community in the landfill area because the seeds of the disease can be carried by flies from the garbage and then contaminate food. This service activity aims to increase the knowledge and motivation of the community in the Air Cold TPA area of Padang City in preventing diarrheal diseases. The service method used is providing education through counseling activities, discussions, and holding questions and answers about the material to get door prizes. Participants in this activity include people who live in the TPA area, totaling 160 people. The results obtained in this activity showed encouraging things because the participants responded positively and were very enthusiastic about participating in the counseling activities. Based on the results of the discussion, it was also seen that there was a change in the form of increasing participants' knowledge, this was proven by the correct answers given by the participants in the questions and answer session.

RELATIONSHIP OF VENTILATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION EVENT IN BANJARSARI WETAN VILLAGE IN 2021

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of several diseases that attack one part or more of the respiratory tract. The spread of ARI starts from the upper channel to the lower channel. ARI often occupies the top 10 list of diseases in the health center. ARI continues to be a health problem in Indonesia because it has a huge impact on the sufferer, besides that ARI can also trigger the emergence of other diseases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between ventilation and waste management with the incidence of ARI in Banjarsari Wetan Village in 2021. This study was an observational study using a case control study design, observations and interviews were also used to obtain data. The study population was all ARI patients who were treated at the Polindes. This research uses purposive sampling technique. And Chi-Square Test to analyze the research results. ventilation of the majority of respondents did not meet the criteria as many as 29 (51.8%). Ventilation and waste management were not found to be related to the incidence of ARI in Banjarsari Wetan Village in 2021. The village head and the village midwife of Banjarsari Wetan should be able to carry out house monitoring that can be adjusted to the requirements of a healthy house, besides that, socialization about environmental-based diseases that can occur due to unhealthy home environmental conditions can also be carried out.