States Environmental Research Articles

PLASTIC POLLUTION IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS

Plastic pollution poses a significant threat to environmental sustainability, with Nigeria, particularly Lagos State, facing substantial challenges in managing plastic waste. By evaluating the impact of plastic trash on the environment and human well-being and examining prior study findings, this review article critically investigates Lagos, Nigeria's current plastic pollution situation. The study explores existing waste management practices, including illegal disposal methods and infection of water bodies, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable solutions. By synthesizing insights from studies on waste-to-energy technologies and innovative approaches to plastic waste management, this review identifies key research gaps and proposes policy recommendations to deal with the intricate trouble of plastic pollution in Lagos State. The study emphasizes the significance of raising public awareness, putting into practice efficient waste management plans, and creating strong legislative frameworks to mitigate the negative effects that plastic pollution has on the environment and the health of the general people. This review advances knowledge on plastic pollution in Lagos State and offers useful data to policymakers, scholars, and interested parties working to make the state's environment cleaner and healthier for its residents.

Geneza rosyjskiej wielopartyjności u kresu ZSRR – aspekt instytucjonalno-decydencko-prawny

The article presents the genesis of the process of formation of multi-partyism in Russia in relation to the changes at the institutional-decisional-legal level that were carried out in the last years of the USSR under Mikhail Gorbachev's perestroika policy. Firstly, proceedings of an institutional-normative nature initiated by the then authorities are discussed, namely the reorganisation of the organs of state power: first and foremost, the holding of elections of deputies to the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR. This was to be a genuinely competitively elected body, which it was decided to resurrect in line with an appeal to the origins of communism - an overturning of the model of power based on the functioning of councils with its superstructure the Congress, which constituted the main decision-making body in the state. Secondly, the transformations at the decision-making level, concerning the sphere of elite alternation in the process of transformational change, were analysed. Thirdly, the legal changes that effectively changed the basis of the Soviet system and initiated the emergence of a new order are shown. The totality of these proceedings initiated by the authorities at the time were, according to the logic assumed by those in power, actually intended to strengthen the position of the Communist Party and its apparatus as a force supporting perestroika. In reality, these actions laid the groundwork for future systemic, social and worldview changes and paved the way for multipartyism in an already different (new) political, legal and state environment (Russian Federation).

Trainee Perspectives Regarding the Effect of the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization Supreme Court Decision on Obstetrics and Gynecology Training.

Objectives: We aimed to describe obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) trainees' anticipation of how the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs) U.S. Supreme Court decision may affect their training. Methods: A REDCap survey of OBGYN residents and fellows in the United States from September 19, 2022, to December 1, 2022, queried trainees' anticipated achievement of relevant Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) training milestones, their concerns about the ability to provide care and concern about legal repercussions during training, and the importance of OBGYN competence in managing certain clinical situations for residency graduates. The primary outcome was an ACGME program trainee feeling uncertain or unable to obtain the highest level queried for a relevant ACGME milestone, including experiencing 20 abortion procedures in residency. Results: We received 469 eligible responses; the primary outcome was endorsed by 157 respondents (33.5%). After correction for confounders, significant predictors of the primary outcome were state environment (aOR = 3.94 for pending abortion restrictions; aOR = 2.71 for current abortion restrictions), trainee type (aOR = 0.21 for fellow vs. resident), and a present or past Ryan Training Program in residency (aOR = 0.55). Although the vast majority of trainees believed managing relevant clinical situations are key to OBGYN competence, 10%-30% of trainees believed they would have to stop providing the standard of care in clinical situations during training. Conclusions: This survey of OBGYN trainees indicates higher uncertainty about achieving ACGME milestones and procedural competency in clinical situations potentially affected by the Dobbs decision in states with legal restrictions on abortion.

Islamic Religious Education Social Competence of Teachers in Increasing Students' Tolerant Attitudes: Qualitative Study in State High Schools of Jambi City

This research describes the efforts of Islamic religious education teachers to increase students' attitudes of tolerance and the social competence of Islamic religious education teachers as contributors to increasing students' attitudes of tolerance. The author's approach in this research is qualitative; the type of research is descriptive research analysis. The research location is State High School X, Jambi City. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Determining research subjects used Snowball sampling. Data analysis techniques were carried out using data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and verifying research results' trustworthiness using extended participation techniques, careful observation, data triangulation, and supervisor consultation. The results of this research refer to the social competence of Islamic Religious Education Teachers as a factor that encourages students at State High School X Jambi City to increase their tolerance attitudes as well as the efforts made by teachers to increase students' tolerance attitudes, the need for an attitude of tolerance in various aspects, including tolerance in different opinions, or differences in religion, different ethnicities and cultures which makes it a benchmark that an attitude of tolerance is needed by every Indonesian citizen who has a variety of cultures, ethnicities and religions and as a solution in dealing with ethnic, cultural and religious differences in the school, community and state environment.

The association between abortion restrictions and patient-centered care for early pregnancy loss at US obstetrics-gynecology residency programs

Early pregnancy loss is a common medical problem, and the recommended treatments overlap with those used for induced abortions. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends the incorporation of clinical and patient factors when applying conservative published imaging guidelines to determine the timing of intervention for early pregnancy loss. However, in places where abortion is heavily regulated, clinicians who manage early pregnancy loss may cautiously rely on the strictest criteria to differentiate between early pregnancy loss and a potentially viable pregnancy. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists also notes that specific treatment modalities that are frequently used to induce abortion, including the use of mifepristone in medical therapy and surgical aspiration in an office setting, are cost-effective and beneficial for patients with early pregnancy loss. This study aimed to determine how US-based obstetrics and gynecology residency training institutions adhere to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommendations for early pregnancy loss management, including the timing and types of interventions, and to evaluate the relationship with institutional and state abortion restrictions. From November 2021 to January 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study of all 296 US-based obstetrics and gynecology residency programs by emailing them and requesting that a faculty member complete a survey about early pregnancy loss practices at their institution. We asked about location of diagnosis, use of imaging guidelines before offering intervention, treatment options available at their institution, and program and personal characteristics. We used chi-square tests and logistic regressions to compare the availability of early pregnancy loss care based on institutional indication-based abortion restrictions and state legislative hostility to abortion care. Of the 149 programs that responded (50.3% response rate), 74 (49.7%) reported that they did not offer any intervention for suspected early pregnancy loss unless rigid imaging criteria were met, whereas the remaining 75 (50.3%) programs reported that they incorporated imaging guidelines with other factors. In an unadjusted analysis, programs were less likely to incorporate other factors with imaging criteria if they were in a state with legislative policies that were hostile toward abortion (33% vs 79%; P<.001) or if the institution restricted abortion by indication (27% vs 88%; P<.001). Mifepristone was used less often in programs located in hostile states (32% vs 75%; P<.001) or in institutions with abortion restrictions (25% vs 86%; P<.001). Similarly, office-based suction aspiration use was lower in hostile states (48% vs 68%; P=.014) and in institutions with restrictions (40% vs 81%; P<.001). After controlling for program characteristics, including state policies and affiliation with family planning training programs or religious entities, institutional abortion restrictions were the only significant predictor of rigid reliance on imaging guidelines (odds ratio, 12.3; 95% confidence interval, 3.2-47.9). In training institutions that restrict access to induced abortion based on indication for care, residency programs are less likely to holistically incorporate clinical evidence and patient priorities in determining when to intervene in early pregnancy loss as recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Programs in restrictive institutional and state environments are also less likely to offer the full range of early pregnancy loss treatment options. With state abortion bans proliferating nationwide, evidence-based education and patient-centered care for early pregnancy loss may also be hindered.

The Vaginal Microbiome of Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Individuals.

The goal of this preliminary study is to describe the vaginal microbiome of transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) individuals using nonculture-based techniques. TGNB individuals may undergo gender-affirming surgical procedures, which can include the creation of a neovagina. Little is known about microbial species that comprise this environment in states of health or disease. In this pilot study, vaginal swabs were self-collected from 15 healthy self-identified TGNB participants (age 26-69 years) and 8 cisgender comparator participants (age 27-50 years) between 2017 and 2018. Next-generation 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing was used to profile individual bacterial communities from all study samples. The TGNB cohort demonstrated significantly higher intraindividual (alpha) diversity than the cisgender group (p=0.0003). Microbial species commensal to the gut and skin were identified only in specimens from TGNB participants. Although Lactobacillus species were dominant in all cisgender comparator samples, they were found at low relative abundance (≤3%) in TGNB samples. In this study, specimens collected from neovaginas showed increased alpha diversity and substantially different composition compared with natal vaginas. In contrast to natal vaginas, neovaginas were not dominated by Lactobacillus, but were hosts to many microbial species. Studies that help to improve our understanding of the neovaginal microbiome may enable clinicians to differentiate between healthy and diseased neovaginal states.

Restriction of the Right of Ownership of Real Property due to Environment Protection in Light of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland

Nowadays, there is a noticeable trend aimed at ensuring broad protection of the natural environment – both for the sake of preserving biodiversity and the quality of life of the future generations. However, the related activities of public authorities and private entities often involve limiting the rights of property owners. The Polish Constitutional Tribunal has ruled on the conflict between property rights and conservation of nature. The Tribunal has pointed out that the principles of sustainable development require an appropriate balance between environment protection on one hand and social and civilizational development on the other. In accordance with the previous jurisprudence of the Tribunal, the article will present the limits set for the state's environment policy in certain specific areas by the Constitution. It is acceptable to establish mechanisms to control the exploitation of plantings belonging to real property. Property owners may be required to obtain permits for their removal, and in the absence of such permits, they may be punished with forfeiture of timber or a fine. However, it is incompatible with the principle of proportionality and infringes the right of owners by arbitrary restrictions or imposed automatically sanctions, without the possibility of taking into account the circumstances. Moreover, the Tribunal has pointed out that the Constitution does not allow disproportionate narrowing down of the possibility to seek compensation for restrictions in the use of real property for the sake of environment protection. Only the two-year deadline for submitting claims in this respect has been considered too painful – too short and impossible to be reinstated for justified reasons.

Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Pendidikan Menurut Pemikiran M. Quraish Shihab

In modern times there is still inequality about the roles and positions held by men and women in society. This is still widely discussed and debated because women still have limited opportunities in various fields, especially in obtaining education. So according to M. Quraish Shihab there needs to be a grant of rights that are equal to men and always respect it so that there is no inequality or gender bias. Based on these problems, the writing of this article aims to gain knowledge and understanding of M. Quraish Shihab's views on gender equality in aspects of education and to know the need for the application of gender equality in education. Gender equality is a position where women and men get equal opportunities both in the family, society, nation, and state environment. From this library research obtained the result that M. Quraish Shihab strongly supports the right of women to get an education. He said that women and men deserve equal respect, but not all women and men alike. Getting a healthy education is a way to improve the quality of women and is also useful to educate children or offspring in the future so as to improve economic well-being which is one of the factors increasing the quality of a person's life. Through education, women can make changes that are useful for the advancement of women in various fields.

GRAPH-ANALYTICAL MODELS OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS FOR STATE ASSESSMENT “ORGANISM – ENVIRONMENT”

Practicism in business is generally associated with obtaining high-performance goal-setting solutions. Cost reduction in the case of making a decision requires weight components identification in the object “state (environment)  system processes  system end state” associated with the structure or functionality of systems (processes), which themselves arbitrarily determine the target result. The works aim is to determine model type of a complex structured object of any purpose, which adequately reflects system state and interaction with the environment “(environment – system) – process – (system state – environment)” in a situation of varying degrees uncertainty. Assessment of systemic formation state is due to the grouping of methods, their complex application in the study of the interaction “system – environment”, which is determined by the corporative relations between the components. To solve the problem of quality assessment of such system objects, structural and graphical approach information and methodological support was offered as a set of methods.

In utero exposure to the Great Depression is reflected in late-life epigenetic aging signatures

Research on maternal-fetal epigenetic programming argues that adverse exposures to the intrauterine environment can have long-term effects on adult morbidity and mortality. However, causal research on epigenetic programming in humans at a population level is rare and is often unable to separate intrauterine effects from conditions in the postnatal period that may continue to impact child development. In this study, we used a quasi-natural experiment that leverages state-year variation in economic shocks during the Great Depression to examine the causal effect of environmental exposures in early life on late-life accelerated epigenetic aging for 832 participants in the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS). HRS is the first population-representative study to collect epigenome-wide DNA methylation data that has the sample size and geographic variation necessary to exploit quasi-random variation in state environments, which expands possibilities for causal research in epigenetics. Our findings suggest that exposure to changing economic conditions in the 1930s had lasting impacts on next-generation epigenetic aging signatures that were developed to predict mortality risk (GrimAge) and physiological decline (DunedinPoAm). We show that these effects are localized to the in utero period specifically as opposed to the preconception, postnatal, childhood, or early adolescent periods. After evaluating endogenous shifts in mortality and fertility related to Depression-era birth cohorts, we conclude that these effects likely represent lower bound estimates of the true impacts of the economic shock on long-term epigenetic aging.

The Tripod Relationship Between Local Embalmment, Environment and Human Health Implications in Cross River State, Nigeria

The purpose of this paper is to assess the environmental and health implications of local embalmment in Cross River State, Nigeria. The Ex-post-facto research design was adopted for this study. Six embalmment sites from six Local Government Areas were randomly selected across the state from where water and soil samples were taken for laboratory analysis and testing. The environmental impacts, as well as the health implications of local embalmment, were investigated. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied for the physicochemical parameters using a correlation matrix to evaluate factors influencing the groundwater chemistry and sources of pollution in the aquifer of the areas. Some laboratory procedures were also adopted to test the chemistry of the adjoining soils for the impacts of these embalmment chemicals as used by these morticians. A comparative analysis was further done on the different soil samples, the ones directly affected by the immediate mortuary facilities and those away from the facilities. A structured questionnaire made up of twenty items was also administered to the mortuary attendants and residents of the communities and adjoining communities where these embalmment homes are located. Simple percentage and correlation analysis was done to examine the perceived effect of embalmment chemicals on the environment and the health of residents. The results obtained from the laboratory analyses of selected groundwater and soil samples around the mortuary sites studied indicated that formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, humectants, metals, coli forms, microorganisms, and other contaminants from the mortuary sites have impaired the soil and water quality. It was recommended among others that green embalmment procedures should be encouraged, embalmment services should be located far away from residential areas and water bodies; wastes from embalmment/mortuary services should be sustainably disposed of to avoid these chemicals from contaminating the environment.

An Efficient Opportunistic Routing Protocol with Low Latency for Farm Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) can accurately and timely obtain the production information of crops, and provide data basis for intelligent agriculture. The dynamic crop state and unstable climate environment make it difficult to predict the connectivity probability of wireless links. Therefore, this paper studies an energy-saving opportunity routing transmission strategy under the influence of dynamic link interaction. The protocol establishes an importance model based on algebraic connectivity to reduce the energy consumption of network key nodes. At the same time, based on the improved Bellman–Ford algorithm, a method of constructing candidate sets is studied. It converts the opportunistic routing transmission cost of farm WSN into anycast link cost and the remaining opportunistic path cost affected by energy consumption. The priority queue is used to determine the nodes participating in the iteration, thereby reducing the computational overhead. The protocol also designs a backoff strategy considering the current residual energy to select the only forwarding node and reduce the unnecessary packet copies in the transmission process. Simulation results show that the studied method is superior to the existing opportunistic routing schemes in terms of packet overhead, network lifetime, energy consumption, and packet delivery rate.

Cooperation by necessity: condition- and density-dependent reproductive tactics of female house mice

Optimal reproductive strategies evolve from the interplay between an individual’s intrinsic state and extrinsic environment, both factors that are rarely fixed over its lifetime. Conditional breeding tactics might be one evolutionary trajectory allowing individuals to maximize fitness. We apply multi-state capture-mark-recapture analysis to a detailed 8-year data set of free-ranging house mice in a growing population to discern causes and fitness consequences of two alternative reproductive tactics in females, communal and solitary breeding. This allows us to integrate natural variation in life-history traits when analysing the expression of two alternative reproductive tactics in females. We find that communal breeding reduces average population fitness, but nevertheless increases over our 8-year study period. The tactic proves to be expressed conditionally dependent on both population density and female body mass – allowing females to breed under subpar conditions, i.e. at high density or when of low body mass. Our results contradict previous laboratory studies and emphasize the importance of studying cooperation under natural conditions, including natural variation in state-dependent survival and breeding probabilities.

Conservation Intentions and Place Attachment among Male and Female Forest Landowners*

AbstractForests offer critical social, economic, and ecological benefits. As fifty‐five percent of Georgia's forests are family‐owned, management decisions of these forest landowners have a considerable impact on the state's environment and beyond. So far, little is known about what drives the conservation intentions of forest landowners and how these drivers vary by gender. However, several studies outside the field of forestry have theorized that place attachment predicts pro‐environmental views and behaviors. To test this theory, we surveyed 1,143 family forest landowners in Georgia. Our results show that male landowners report stronger attachments to their forest, except for continuing family legacies which is of greater importance for female landowners. Regression models show that all dimensions of place attachments (dependence, identity, satisfaction, and family legacy) are strong predictors for conservation intentions in males. In contrast, the level of education and only a few dimensions (satisfaction and, to a lesser extent, dependence) of place attachment predict conservation intentions in females. As gender demographics in forest landowners are shifting and environmental degradation is an increasingly pressing concern, this study provides important insights and offers directions for further research for policymakers, researchers, and extension agents.

State policy and environmental management: examining the intermediate mechanisms of ecological modernization

Most quantitative research testing ecological modernization theory focuses on the direct relationship between development and environmental outcomes. In this study, we assess overlooked propositions of the perspective: the impacts of economic development on intermediate mechanisms—efficiency improvement and environmental consciousness—that are theorized to contribute to ecological ameliorations. We analyze fully balanced panel data covering all 50 U.S. states to evaluate the influence of both personal income per capita and GDP per capita on two intermediate mechanisms—state-level energy efficiency policies and state environmentalism. The findings indicate that personal income per capita is positively related to both state-level energy efficiency policies and state environmentalism, which is expected, while GDP per capita is related to neither of these measures. While these results provide mixed support for ecological modernization theory, we observe that the enactment of a policy does not, by default, lead to the realization of the expected benefits or outcomes. By investigating the role of intermediate mechanisms in mitigating environmental degradation, this study advances our shared understanding of the social, political, and economic factors shaping environmental policy and management in the United States.

Shining light into the Higgs portal with gamma gamma colliders

High-energy gamma gamma colliders constitute a potential running mode of future lepton colliders such as the ILC and CLIC. We study the sensitivity of a high-energy gamma gamma collider to the Higgs portal scenario to a hidden sector above the invisible Higgs decay threshold. We show that such gamma gamma collisions could allow to probe the existence of dark sectors through the Higgs portal with precision competitive with other planned collider facilities, profiting from the unique combination of sizable cross-section with clean final state and collider environment. In addition, this search could cover the singlet Higgs portal parameter space yielding a first-order electroweak phase transition in the early Universe.

Thermal Recovery of Backfilled Pit in the Gulianhe Strip Coalmine in the Hola Basin in Northern Da Xing’Anling Mountains, NE China

In the northern Da Xing’anling Mountains in Northeast China on the southern margin of the Eastern Asia permafrost body, the ground thermal state and boreal ecological environment are sensitive to climate change and human activities. Since the 1980s, the Hola Basin here has been continuously and extensively developed. In particular, open pits and later backfilling in strip coal mining alters land–atmospheric hydrothermal exchanges in permafrost regions, leading to serious damages to the permafrost environment and boreal forest. After mining, pits need to be backfilled timely and properly for hydrothermal recovery of Xing’an permafrost and the boreal ecological environment. In this study, based on the comparative analysis of monitored ground temperatures in backfilled and undisturbed areas, influencing factors of thermal recovery after backfilling were analyzed through numerical simulations. Results show that the thermal recovery of permafrost in the backfilled area is closely related to temperature, depth, material, and soil moisture content of backfill. The warmer, finer, and thicker the backfill soils, the longer the permafrost recovery. Thermal recovery of permafrost also depends on the moisture content of backfill; the shortest recovery occurs at 15–25% in the backfilled soil moisture content. Based on numerical simulations and combined with enlightenments from features of the ecosystem-protected Xing’an permafrost in Northeast China, a composite configuration of organic soil, crush-rock layer, and proper re-vegetation measures is advised. Based on prudent regulation of heat transfer modes, this composite backfilling method can effectively cool the backfilled ground and can even possibly offset the climate warming.

Qualitative simulation of organization quality specific immune decision-making of manufacturing enterprises based on QSIM algorithm simulation

Quality is the core of the enterprise, strengthening organization quality specific immune is the key channel. Organization quality specific immune belongs to science and engineering management field, QSIM qualitative simulation method that refer to computational simulation algorithm is widely used in the science and engineering management field, QSIM qualitative simulation method can solve science and engineering management issues effectively. In this study, qualitative simulation QSIM theory is used to analyze and reason the organization quality specific immune decision of manufacturing enterprises. Combined with the pressure-state-response framework, the management mechanism of organization quality specific immune is analyzed according to state variables, decision variables, system variables and environment variables, and further the qualitative simulation rules for organization quality specific immune decision-making are set according to the causal relationships among variables of organization quality specific immune. This study sets organization quality monitor, organization quality defense and organization quality memory as the decision variables, uses QSIM algorithm for simulating organization quality specific immune decision-making reasoning, compares with the influences of single decision variable and multi-decision variables on organization quality specific immune system through simulation results. Simulation results indicate that QSIM algorithm simulation can be used to simulate and reason organization quality specific immune decision-making in order to help manufacturing enterprises reasonably enhance organization quality specific immune performance and quality performance through three decision variables of organization quality monitor, organization quality defense and organization quality memory. The simulation results will provide new revelation for organization quality specific immune decision-making of manufacturing enterprises.

Movement generalization of variable initial task state based on Euclidean transformation dynamical movement primitives

Robots need the ability to tackle problems of movement generalization in variable task state and complex environment. Dynamical movement primitives can effectively endow robots with humanoid characteristics. However, when the initial state of tasks changes, the generalized trajectories by dynamical movement primitives cannot retain shape features of demonstration, resulting in the loss of imitation quality. In this article, a modified dynamical movement primitives based on Euclidean transformation is proposed to solve this problem. It transforms the initial task state to a virtual situation similar to the demonstration and then utilizes the dynamical movement primitive method to realize movement generalization. Finally, it reverses the movement back to the real situation. Besides, the information of obstacles is added to Euclidean transformation based dynamical movement primitives framework to endow robots with the ability of obstacle avoidance. The normalized root-mean-square error is proposed as the criterion to evaluate the imitation similarity. The feasibility of this method is verified through writing letters, wiping whiteboard in two-dimensional task, and stirring mixture in three-dimensional task. The results show that the similarity of movement imitation in the proposed method is higher than dynamical movement primitives when the initial state changes. Meanwhile, Euclidean transformation based dynamical movement primitives can still greatly retain shape feature of demonstration while avoiding obstacles in an unstructured environment.

Значение Т-клеток врожденной иммунной системы в развитии метавоспаления жировой ткани при ожирении

Данный обзор научной литературы посвящен значению αβТ- и γδТ-клеток врожденной иммунной системы в поддержании противовоспалительной среды при физиологическом состоянии жировой ткани и их роли в развитии метавоспаления при ожирении. Избыточная масса тела, ­обусловленная увеличением жировой ткани, ассоциирована с развитием метаболических нарушений, которые не только существенно снижают качество жизни, но и несут риск неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий. Согласно современным представлениям, индуктором метаболических нарушений является низкоуровневое воспаление, индуцированное дисфункцией адипоцитов в условиях ожирения. Метаболически активные клетки, такие как адипоциты, при ожирении секретируют многочисленные противовоспалительные цитокины и хемокины, которые рекрутируют в жировую ткань различные иммуноциты или активируют клетки иммунной системы, в том числе и Т-клетки врожденной иммунной системы. При ожирении инвариантные Т-клетки, ассоциированные со слизистыми оболочками (MAIT-клетки) жировой ткани, экспрессируют чрезмерно активированный фенотип и характеризуются невосприимчивостью к сигналам TCR-ассоциированного пути, значительно увеличиваясь у детей с ожирением по сравнению с уровнем у детей с физиологической массой тела. Представлены данные о значении инвариантных натуральных киллерных клеток (iNKT), которые администрируют функционирование Treg-клеток и макрофагов в жировой ткани, с активацией которых связана гибель адипоцитов, стимуляция адипогенеза, что способствует инсулинзависимому поглощению глюкозы адипоцитами, тогда как их уменьшение, которое наблюдается при ожирении, способствует развитию метавоспалению. Вариантные NKT-клетки (vNKT) возбуждают плазмоцитоидные дендритные клетки и вызывают толерогенный эффект на конвенциональные дендритные клетки. Приведены данные, что снижение представительства γδT-клеток в жировой ткани при ожирении обусловливает интенсивность метавоспаления и инсулинорезистентности у экспериментальных животных, получавших диету с высоким содержанием жира. Медикаментозное управление активностью MAIT-, NKT- и γδТ-клетками в недалеком будущем может стать одним из возможных путей подавления активности индуцированного ожирением метавоспаления и профилактировать развитие метаболических нарушений.