Environmental Friendly Procedure Research Articles

Facile acid-mediated one-pot synthesis of dihydropyran and furan derivatives in aqueous media

An efficient and environmentally-friendly procedure is herein reported for the synthesis of dihydropyran and furan derivatives in aqueous media. This protocol is both facile and chemo-selective, without the use of any metal catalyst. Notably, this reaction demonstrates broad substrate scope, high efficiency, and good tolerance towards functional groups.

Characterization of the Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from the Sea Cucumber Bohadschia marmorata (Jaeger, 1833)

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from marine invertebrates, particularly sea cucumbers, are relatively few or even lacking. This study aimed to determine the potential of the body wall of Bohadschia marmorata as reducing agent to synthesize silver nanoparticles and characterize the generated AgNPs using a direct and environment-friendly procedure. Although limited, the generated AgNPs were confirmed with an absorbance peak of 416 nm, indicative of surface plasmon resonance, with strong signals of elemental silver acquired by EDS at 3 keV. The potential functional groups responsible for the reduction of silver ions and capping of the nanoparticles include O–H (alcohol and carboxylic acids), C–C (alkene), N–H, and C–N (amine) groups detected by FT-IR. Scanning electron microscopy showed a nearly spherical morphology with an approximate size of 288 nm which tends to polydisperse and aggregate. Thus, this study showed that the sea cucumber body wall can be used in the biosynthesis of AgNPs. However, refinement of the procedures and operational parameters used is needed to produce more and better-quality nanoparticles.

Colchicine-capped ZnO nanoparticles: Elucidation of their cytotoxicity potential against MDA-MB 231 cancer cells

This research descibes a pioneering approach aimed at preparing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) with colchicine as the reducing and capping agent. Colchicine-loaded ZnO-NPs (CHZnO-NPs) were prepared by adding colchicine to the zinc sulfate heptahydrate solution. The CHZnO-NPs formulation was then characterized to determine the morphology, size, crystallinity, elemental composition and vibrational properties. Upon characterization, CHZnO-NPs were studied for their cytotoxic effect against the breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). The successful biosynthesis of CHZnO-NPs was initially confirmed visually by the changes in the mixture color, from light-yellow to white cloudy. The best CHZnO-NPs formulation selected was F3, which possessed 10 mg/mL of colchicine. Formulation (F3) had the smallest mean particle diameter of 43.77 nm and the lowest zeta potential of −19.60 mV. It also had 92.21 ± 0.012 % encapsulation efficiency and 20.86 ± 0.005 % drug loading. Formulation (F3) displayed a hexagonal wurtzite structure with irregular morphology. The observation of colchicine peaks on the FTIR spectra of F3 proved the role of colchicine as a reducing and capping agent during the synthesis of ZnO-NPs. Besides, the in-vitro cell cytotoxicity study on the MDA-MB-231 cell line revealed a significant reduction in cell proliferation at the concentration of 25 μg of colchicine and F3. Further, studies on the cellular migration potential also demonstrated concentration-dependent activity. Overall, CHZnO-NPs were shown to be successfully synthesized via an environmental-friendly procedure and colchicine acted as a capping agent to regulate the particle size, and aggregation, in addition to its anticancer properties.

A green-footprint approach for parallel multiclass analysis of contaminants in roasted coffee via LC-HRMS

The development and validation of a simple, comprehensive, and environment-friendly procedure to determine pesticide residues, naturally occurring and processing contaminants in roasted coffee is presented. A solid-liquid extraction of pesticides and mycotoxins with ethyl acetate and the concurrent partition of acrylamide to an aqueous phase follows a parallel analytical strategy that requires a single analytical portion to determine contaminants that are typically analyzed by dedicated single residue methods. The partition rules the lipids out of the aqueous extract before an “in-tube” dispersive solid phase microextraction (dSPME) for acrylamide retention. This is followed by the elution with buffer prior to injection. This extract is independently introduced into the system front end followed by the injection of the compounds from the organic phase, yet all spotted in the same run. A novel liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method setup enables the quantification of 186 compounds at 10 µg/kg, 226 at 5 µg/kg, and the acrylamide at 200 µg/kg for a total of 414 molecules, with acceptable recoveries (70–120%) and precision (RSD < 20%) making this strategy significantly faster and cost-effective than the dedicated single residue methods. Even though the presence of chlorpyrifos, acrylamide, and ochratoxin A was confirmed on samples of different origins, the findings were below the limit of quantification. During the storage of raw coffee, no proof of masking of OTA was found; however, condensation with glucose was evidenced during thermal processing experiments with sucrose by using stable isotope labeling (SIL). No detected conjugates were found in roasted nor in commercial sugar-added torrefacto samples, an industrial processing usually carried out above the decomposition temperature of the disaccharide.Graphical abstract

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Andrographis paniculata leave extract for lead ion detection, degradation of dyes, and bioactivities

In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized through a facile and environmental-friendly procedure using the aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) as an effective stabilizer and reducing agent. The investigation of the optimal synthetic conditions for AuNPs was achieved at 1.5 mL of the extract, 0.5 mM of HAuCl4, 60 °C, 30 min of reaction time, and pH 6. Simultaneously, the characterization of the produced AuNPs was also thoroughly conducted via various analysis methods, showing that AuNPs were spherical in shape and uniformly distributed with an average particle size of 10 – 15 nm. Moreover, the multi-applications of the material were analyzed regarding the colorimetric detection of heavy metal Pb2+, catalytic elimination for organic dyes, and bioactivities. For the sensing of Pb2+, AuNPs indicated a relatively low detection limit of 12.661 µM and good selectivity in the presence of other metal ions. Meanwhile, the catalytic properties of AuNPs were tested in the reduction of methylene blue, crystal violet, and methylene orange by sodium borohydride, showing excellent degradation efficiencies of over 95%. The bioactivity examinations also confirmed the potential of the extract and AuNPs as effective antibacterial and antioxidant agents. In conclusion, the obtained results suggest the promising applicability of the green-synthesized AuNPs using the A. paniculata extract in various sectors.

Magnetic effervescence-assisted switchable solvent dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of pyrethroids in edible fungi

A simple, rapid, effective, and environmental friendly analytical procedure for determining three pyrethroids (tetramethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and fenvalerate) in edible fungi was developed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection after magnetic effervescence-assisted switchable solvent dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (MEA-SHS-DLLME). In the extraction procedure, hexanoic acid and carbon dioxide were used as the extraction and dispersion solvents. The magnetic Fe3O4 @ graphene with large specific surface area were used to adsorb the extraction solvent and the target analytes. The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium hexanoate 45 mg, citric acid 90 mg, sodium bicarbonate 60 mg, Fe3O4 @ graphene mixing ratio 1:6, and dosage of Fe3O4 @ graphene 25 mg. Under these conditions, accuracy and precision were demonstrated at the concentration range of 1.25-125 mg/kg, and the correlation coefficients were between 0.9903-0.9998. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.0067-0.0329 mg/kg and 0.0224-0.1096 mg/kg, and the extraction recovery was 81.0-97.4% with relative standard deviations < 5.1%. The technique had been successfully proven to be valuable for the ultrasensitive detection of tetramethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and fenvalerate in 5 kinds of edible fungi, and only magnetic effervescent tablets containing switchable solvent were needed without dispersing solvent, centrifugation, and complex instruments. Moreover, the extraction recovery was better than other reported methods. This novel approach has a favorable potential to be applied for detection of pyrethroid residues in other samples.

An Environmental-friendly Procedure Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent for Extraction and Determination of Toxic Elements in Fish Species from Different Regions of Iraq

In this study, an eco-friendly procedure was established by vortex-assisted liquid-phase microextraction based on deep eutectic solvent (VA−LPME−DES) combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS). The performance of this method was demonstrated by the extraction and analysis of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) in fish samples. The hydrophobic DES is considered as a green extractant (environmentally friendly and less toxic than common organic solvents) and is a suitable alternative to common toxic organic solvents and is made of l-menthol and ethylene glycol (EG) with a molar ratio of 1:1. Under optimized conditions, the method linearity was in the ranges of 0.15–150 µg kg−1 with the coefficient of determinations (r2) higher than 0.996. Accordingly, the detection limits for Pb, Cd, and Hg were 0.05, 0.05, and 0.10 µg kg−1, respectively. The analysis of fish samples showed that the concentration of toxic elements in fish caught from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers is much higher than the concentration of these elements in locally farmed trout fish. Also, the analysis of fish-certified reference materials with presented procedure produced results that were in good agreement with the certified values. The results showed that VA−LPME–DES is a very cheap, fast, and environmental-friendly procedure for the analysis of toxic elements in different types of fish species.

Co-Precipitation of Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, and Carbonates Using Vibrio harveyi Strain Isolated from Mediterranean Sea Sediment

Heavy metal contamination is listed among the most alarming threats to the environment and human health. The detrimental effects of heavy metals in the natural environment span from a reduction of biodiversity to toxic effects on marine life—through microplastic born heavy metals, to impairment of microbial activity in the soil, and to detrimental effects on animal reproduction. A host of different chemical and biological technologies have been proposed to alleviate environmental contamination by heavy metals. Relatively less attention has been paid to the microbial precipitation of heavy metals, as a side mechanism of the most general process of microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP). This process is currently receiving a great deal of interest from both a theoretical and practical standpoint, because of its possible practical applications in concrete healing and soil consolidation, and its importance in the more general framework of microbial induced mineral precipitation. In this study, we analyse the ability of the marine bacteria Vibrio harveyi in co-precipitating CaCO3 minerals, together with Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn added in form of nitrates, from solutions containing CaCl2. The precipitated carbonatic minerals were a function of the different heavy metals present in the solution. The process of co-precipitation appears to be rather effective and fast, as the concentrations of the 4 heavy metals were reduced in 2 days by 97.2%, on average, in the solutions. This bioremediation technology could be used as environmental friendly procedure to de-contaminate suitable environmental matrices. The high performance of this process makes it particularly interesting for an upscaling from lab to field.

Development of a rapid and efficient analytical method for trace lead determination: Manganese dioxide nanoflower based dispersive solid-phase extraction

Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that is highly toxic and a major environmental pollutant. Anthropogenic activities are the main sources of Pb release into the air, water and food, from which humans and other organisms become exposed. In this study, a suitable, rapid, and environmental friendly dispersive solid phase extraction procedure based on manganese dioxide nanoflower (MnO 2 NF-DSPE) was developed for the effective enrichment of Pb coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Under the optimal experimental conditions, limit of detection (LOD), quantification (LOQ) values and enhancement in detection power (EDP) obtained for the MnO 2 NFs-DSPE-FAAS system were calculated as 6.1 µg/L, 20.3 µg/L and 44, respectively. Three different ginger tea samples were used in recovery studies to investigate the applicability/accuracy of the proposed method. Matrix matching calibration strategy was performed in recovery studies and percentage recoveries were calculated between 106 and 122% with low standard deviation values. • Trace level lead was preconcentrated by DSPE prior to FAAS measurement. • MnO 2 nanoflowers were used as adsorbent in the extraction procedure. • LOD and LOQ for ginger tea matrix were 6.09 µg/L and 20.29 µg/L, respectively. • The detection limit for conventional FAAS system was improved by about 43.7 folds. • Recovery results for the prepared ginger tea were found in the range of 106.1–121.5%.

Exploiting microdistillation and smartphone-based digital-image colorimetry for determination of protein in foods

Because of their nutritional importance and industrial interest, determination of proteins is usual in food quality control. The Kjeldahl method, the most usual for protein determination and a reference to other indirect methods, is time-consuming and generates significant amounts of waste. Aiming to circumvent these drawbacks, this work proposes a simple, cost-effective, and more environmental friendly procedure based on microdistillation of the ammonium from Kjeldahl digests, absorption on an acid-base indicator solution, and digital-image colorimetry for protein determination in food. Microdistillation was carried out in a simple and inexpensive lab-made apparatus. The digital images were acquired by a smartphone camera under controlled illumination and the intensity of the reflected radiation was converted to the RGB color system using a free app (PhotoMetrix®). Measurements were based on the color change of phenol red from yellow to pink and the G channel (corresponding to the complementary color of the dissociated indicator) was taken as analytical response. A linear response was achieved within 5.0–50.0 mg/L ammonium, equivalent to 0.003–0.03 % protein (r = 0.996), as confirmed by the lack-of-fit test at the 95 % confidence level. Coefficient of variation (n = 10) and limit of detection (99.7 % confidence level) were estimated at 2.3 % and 2 mg kg−1 protein, respectively. A sample throughput of 12 h−1 was achieved with simultaneous sample processing. Protein amounts determined in foods of animal (milk) and vegetal (beans and lentils) origin yielded results in agreement with the micro-Kjeldahl reference procedure at the 95 % confidence level.

Sustainable Ingredients and Selected Herbs By-Products for Food Industry

This review presents sustainable ingredients from selected herbs by-products, processing, and extractions of bioactive compounds exploring the potential for utilization as novel “green” food ingredients used in food technology. To increase the sustainability of the food chain, the valorisation of food by-products and wastes has emerged as a key study area. Herbs by-products have recently been discovered as sources of a variety of phytochemicals, many of which have significant biological activity that could be useful for food industry by applying the appropriate extraction method. For the recovery of bioactive, new extraction methods including pulsed electric field and ultrasonic are generating a lot of interest in herbs by-products. Supercritical fluid extraction, a green and environmentally-friendly procedure for preparation of some herbs by-products is described in this review in the context of sustainable extractions to eliminate or reduce solvent consumption.

Sustainable Ingredients and Selected Herbs By-Products for Food Industry

This review presents sustainable ingredients from selected herbs by-products, processing, and extractions of bioactive compounds exploring the potential for utilization as novel “green” food ingredients used in food technology. To increase the sustainability of the food chain, the valorisation of food by-products and wastes has emerged as a key study area. Herbs by-products have recently been discovered as sources of a variety of phytochemicals, many of which have significant biological activity that could be useful for food industry by applying the appropriate extraction method. For the recovery of bioactive, new extraction methods including pulsed electric field and ultrasonic are generating a lot of interest in herbs by-products. Supercritical fluid extraction, a green and environmentally-friendly procedure for preparation of some herbs by-products is described in this review in the context of sustainable extractions to eliminate or reduce solvent consumption.

The Revised ICSID Rules: A Further Step Towards Transparency and Efficiency

The ICSID has completed a six-year process of consultation with the ICSID members and the public to revise its rules and regulations that have remained unchanged since 2006. The amendments, applicable from 1 July 2022, are aimed at modernizing the rules based on the already established ICSID practice and providing tools for a more transparent, cost- and time-effective and environmental friendly procedure.

Spinel NiCo2O4 nanowires synthesized on Ni foam as innovative binder-free supercapacitor electrodes

Well-organized, independent nanoscale binary metal oxides exhibit high electrical conductivity and good ion transportability. In this study, a nickel-cobalt oxide (NiCo2O4) nanoparticle electrode was synthesized on Ni foam with a large surface area. Such a composite material is valuable as a binder-free and excellent current-carrying electrode material. Hence, it is particularly attractive for high-performance energy storage systems. NiCo2O4 nanowires were fabricated via a simple chemical bath deposition process. Consequently, the NiCo2O4 electrodes exhibited a remarkable specific capacity of 342.5 mA h g−1 at the current density of 3 A g−1 and cycling stability of 80.7%, which was maintained following 10,000 long-cycles at 5 A g−1. In addition, an asymmetric supercapacitor (NiCo2O4//graphite) device comprising of NiCo2O4 as a positive electrode and graphite as a negative electrode was fabricated. The NiCo2O4//graphite asymmetric supercapacitor has the highest energy density of 45.8 W h kg−1, and an excellent power density of approximately 5689 W h kg−1. Furthermore, NiCo2O4//graphite device delivered sufficient capacitive power to enlighten a red LED indicator. The excellent electrochemical performance of the asymmetric supercapacitor device can be attributed to the high specific surface area of the cathode electrode material and its enriched redox kinetics. This paper presents an easy and environmentally-friendly procedure for fabricating a compound electrode material for an asymmetric supercapacitor. It is expected that this novel high-performance electrode can stimulate new directions in the development of efficient energy storage.

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial study of novel substituted Curcumin Derivatives

Chemically, curcumin is a diaryl heptanoid, belonging to the group of curcuminoids, which are natural phenols responsible for turmeric's yellow color. It is a Keto–enol tautomer, existing in enolic form in organic solvents and in keto form in water. The one pot three component of hydrazide substituted benzaldehyde was used for the synthesis of curcumin derivatives. In this work the synthesis of curcumin derivatives was done using an environmental friendly procedure via Mg-Al-CO3 hydrotalcites which have been used as efficient catalysts. These catalysts are inexpensive and non-toxic powders. Data of Spectra and other analytical technique supported identification of compound curcumin derivatives. The present work offers many merits such as the reaction conditions were extremely simple, there was operational simplicity, reaction time was short, easy to work up and purification was also easy for the products via simple means of re-crystallization. The antibacterial activity of three compounds B2, B4 and D3 was found to be near to the significant with standard compounds amoxicillin.

Adsorptive removal of micron-sized polystyrene particles using magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Microplastics are able to pass through many filtration systems due to their small sizes, making it difficult to remove them from, for example, water. In this study, we evaluated the ability of using magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles to achieve the adsorptive removal of micron-sized polystyrene (microPS) particles. Application of a magnet for 3 min to an aqueous sample of microPS particles mixed with iron oxide nanoparticles for 1 min was able to effectively remove the microPS particles from the water. Transmission electron microscopy images of such samples showed the formation of Fe3O4-PS complexes due to the adsorption of PS particles onto iron oxide nanoparticles. This adsorption followed the pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model. Hydrophobic interactions were concluded from our experiments to be the main interactions involved in the aggregation of iron oxide with PS particles. Ions present in an environmental freshwater sample inhibited the ability of iron oxide particles to become adsorbed PS particles, but the adsorption performance was improved by increasing the amount of iron oxide particles. The iron oxide particles could be recovered from the Fe3O4-PS complexes by desorption process. Our study showed the potential advantages of iron oxide particles for removing environmental pollutants of microplastics via highly efficient and environmental-friendly procedure.

Hierarchically porous hydrogels and aerogels based on reduced graphene oxide, montmorillonite and hyper-crosslinked resins for water and air remediation

• Hierarchically porous hydrogels and aerogels based on graphene oxide were realized. • Montmorillonite was able to tune the polarity of the hybrid hydrogels and aerogels. • Hyper-crosslinked resins were successfully embedded in hydrogels and aerogels, highly enhancing their adsorption capacity. • The developed porous systems are very effective for water and air remediation. A new sustainable solution to water and air pollution based on spontaneously adsorbent materials is presented in this work. For the first time, high surface area micro/mesoporous hyper-crosslinked resins (XDV) were engineered in hydrogels and aerogels based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and montmorillonite (MMT). Hydrogels and aerogels were obtained through a mild and environmental-friendly procedure based on graphene oxide (GO) reduction by vitamin C and eventual lyophilization. In all systems, the XDV specific surface area (SSA) is completely exposed and exploitable for adsorption application in water and air. rGO/XDV and rGO/MMT/XDV aerogels containing 50 wt% of XDV show hierarchical porosity and high SSA, reaching values of 1000–1200 m 2 /g. Hydrogels and aerogels show tuneable polar character on the basis of their composition, which is exploitable to develop customized adsorbents for water and air remediation from aromatic and polar pollutants. Indeed, while hydrogels containing MMT show high adsorption capacity towards cationic dyes such as rhodamine 6G, rGO and rGO/XDV systems show marked affinity for toluene. In all cases, the embedding of the hyper-crosslinked resins in the hydrogels and aerogels further enhances their adsorption capacity, with uptakes up to 482 mg/g of rhodamine 6G for rGO/MMT/XDV hydrogels and up to 500 mg/g of toluene vapours for rGO/XDV aerogels. Both systems show regenerable adsorption properties with efficiency higher than 96% over 5 adsorption/desorption cycles.

Building carbazole-decorated styrene–acrylic copolymer latexes and films for iron(III) ion detection

The detection and sensing of trace iron(III) ions is a crucial but challenging task. Herein, we report a facile strategy to build carbazole-based copolymer latexes and films via semi-continuous emulsion copolymerization for the selective detection of iron(III) ions. Carbazole-decorated styrene–acrylic copolymer latexes were synthesized by the copolymerization of styrene, acrylates, and N-vinylcarbazole (NVCz) under mild conditions. The effects of the comonomer composition on emulsion copolymerization and the properties of the copolymer latexes/films were studied. The obtained copolymer latexes exhibit homogeneous spheres through regulating the NVCz content from 0 to 5 wt%. Notably, the copolymers exhibited the characteristic emission of carbazole in both latex and solution form, and the emission intensity can be easily tuned by varying the NVCz content. Surprisingly, higher carbazole content led to differences in the excitation and emission peaks of the latex and solution, resulting from the formation of an excimer in the latex. Moreover, the fluorescence of the latex and film can be selectively and effectively quenched by trace amounts of iron(III) ions in aqueous media. The limits of detection (LODs) of the copolymer latex and film were 1.90 and 1.71 μM, respectively. These results illustrate that the carbazole-decorated styrene–acrylic copolymer prepared employing a facile, inexpensive, scalable and environment-friendly procedure can be used to fabricate high-performance photoelectric devices and high-efficiency fluorescent sensors. Carbazole-decorated styrene–acrylic copolymer latexes were prepared by simple and environment-friendly emulsion polymerization. The obtained copolymer exhibit characteristic emission of carbazole in both latex and solution, and their emission intensity can be well tuned by varying NVCz content and selectively quenched by trace amounts of Fe 3+ . • Preparation of carbazole-decorated styrene-acrylic copolymer via emulsion polymerization. • Regulation of the emission intensity through varying N-vinylcarbazole content. • Application of the prepared copolymer latexes/films for fluorescence sensing. • Selective Fe 3+ ions detection via fluorescence quenching.

Ceramic Processing of Silicon Carbide Membranes with the Aid of Aluminum Nitrate Nonahydrate: Preparation, Characterization, and Performance.

The development of a low-cost and environmentally-friendly procedure for the fabrication of silicon carbide (SiC) membranes while achieving good membrane performance is an important goal, but still a big challenge. To address this challenge, herein, a colloidal coating suspension of sub-micron SiC powders was prepared in aqueous media by employing aluminum nitrate nonahydrate as a sintering additive and was used for the deposition of a novel SiC membrane layer onto a SiC tubular support by dip-coating. The sintering temperature influence on the structural morphology was studied. Adding aluminum nitrate nonahydrate reduced the sintering temperature of the as-prepared membrane compared to conventional SiC membrane synthesis. Surface morphology, pore size distribution, crystalline structure, and chemical and mechanical stability of the membrane were characterized. The membrane showed excellent corrosion resistance in acidic and basic medium for 30 days with no significant changes in membrane properties. The pure water permeance of the membrane was measured as 2252 L h−1 m−2 bar−1. Lastly, the final membrane with 0.35 µm mean pore size showed high removal of oil droplets (99.7%) in emulsified oil-in-water with outstanding permeability. Hence, the new SiC membrane is promising for several industrial applications in the field of wastewater treatment.

EFFECT OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON CARNOSIC ACID CONTENT AND PHYSIO-BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF Rosmarinus Officinalis L

In biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles, it is possible to replace the old chemical synthesis methods with new environment-friendly procedures. In this study, AgNP was synthesized using extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaves, and then its effect on biochemical characters, antioxidant enzymes activity, and finally carnosic acid content was studied with its various concentrations. UV–visible spectroscopy was utilized to identify the formation of synthesized AgNP. Synthesized AgNP was confirmed the absorption maxima at 500 nm wavelength. Synthesized AgNP were measured using SEM and showed 21 nm at size and spherical shape. Application of various concentrations of synthesized AgNP demonstrated the concentration dependency so that, in concentration of 40 and 60 mM of synthesized AgNP, dry and fresh weight increased. Application of synthesized AgNP at 40 mM resulted in increase of chlorophyll amount which caused more activity in anti-oxidant enzymes and also biomass accumulation such as soluble carbohydrate and flavonoid. After treatment of synthesized AgNP at 40 mM concentration, HPLC demonstrated an increase in carnosic acid. Here, small nanoparticles revealed increased in secondary metabolites. Synthesized nanoparticles can also be utilized in order to produce natural products and plants with faster growth rates.