Application Development Environment Research Articles

Study on the Development of a Virtual Reality Application for Skeletal Anatomy Learning Using Rapid Application Development (RAD)

The use of innovative multimedia technology continues to evolve and has now become a primary technology tool in education. Currently, the utilization of virtual reality (VR) technology is being used as an immersive medium for learning, especially in the field of medicine. Immersive technology is presented in 3D visualization, approaching real and relevant objects in medical education as an alternative to traditional teaching aids such as cadavers. In this research, an exploration of the VR environment was conducted in a case study of the skeletal system using 3D skull bone objects. The exploration involved tasks such as preparing the 3D skull bone object data assets in the 3D development environment, exporting data assets to the 3D-VR environment, and configuring aspects related to visualization and object control based on visual C#. So far, documentation of the 3D-VR application development environment and the trial results of the case study object development on the Unity platform have been produced. Additionally, documentation of the interface design application using Rapid Application Development (RAD) has also been generated. The Android-based VR application has functioned well in accommodating the skull object, designed with 3 layers of the skeletal system adjusted to their respective depths. The skull consists of 22 components, including cranium.

Walleye (Sander vitreus, Mitchill 1818) age and sex classification using innovative supervised and unsupervised machine learning and soft computing methodologies

Walleye (Sander vitreus) is a freshwater perciform native to Northern America and Canada with high commercial value. Stocking programs for the species are unable to supply the significant demand, creating stock management problems and an ecosystemic decline. For sustainable fisheries, the age and sex estimation are fundamental to marine stock management. Biological methods for age determination and sex estimation were used in the past, conventional observations and techniques are substituted with machine learning methods, currently underused. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of an ensemble of Machine Learning (ML) methods for age and sex classification of walleye. Based on the performance of the ensemble models, appropriate evaluation decides on the age criterion with near optimal performance using supervised and unsupervised ML algorithms on the given fish datasets. The innovation of this work lies in the fact that the species age or sex estimation is based on a paramount involvement of models that diminish the proprietary idiosyncrasies of individual methods on specific datasets. For the same models two approaches were used: applied model algorithms developed both in R and Python (Orange Rapid Application Development environment) programming language provided high accuracy percentages. Among all methodologies, the Decision Tree method provided the best classification, for age estimation with 96% and 98% accuracy using the R and Orange models respectively. For the sex classification, Random Forest performed the best using the R-model with 94% accuracy, outperformed by the AdaBoost model in Orange with 97.6% accuracy. When compared, the models which were developed in Python generally performed better than the corresponding R-models both in age and sex classification. Overall, the proposed ML approach is emphasized as a rapid economic solution to standard fish classification with high accuracy, and thus could be integrated in stock assessment for a more sustainable aquaculture management.

Model of IoT design decision-making processes in Flow Based Programming systems

ABSTRACT The aim of the article is to present a model of decision-making processes in the design of flow-based Internet of Things systems. This is an attempt to fill the research gap in the construction of decision-making systems for designing both infrastructure and the application development environment. Therefore, the aim of the article is to show a decision-making model for selecting infrastructure and design environment for the development of IoT systems. In order for these processes to be implemented, it is necessary to use containerization processes and Flow Based Programming systems, both at the stage of system prototyping and its subsequent implementation. The model verification was carried out on the example of design in accordance with the assumptions of the parallel design process model proposed in the article, using the infrastructure as code approach in infrastructure design, the Docker process for creating containers, publisher and subscriber design in Node Red, and Postgress database design.

Edge IoT Prototyping Using Model-Driven Representations: A Use Case for Smart Agriculture.

Industry 4.0 is positioned at the junction of different disciplines, aiming to re-engineer processes and improve effectiveness and efficiency. It is taking over many industries whose traditional practices are being disrupted by advances in technology and inter-connectivity. In this context, enhanced agriculture systems incorporate new components that are capable of generating better decision making (humidity/temperature/soil sensors, drones for plague detection, smart irrigation, etc.) and also include novel processes for crop control (reproducible environmental conditions, proven strategies for water stress, etc.). At the same time, advances in model-driven development (MDD) simplify software development by introducing domain-specific abstractions of the code that makes application development feasible for domain experts who cannot code. XMDD (eXtreme MDD) makes this way to assemble software even more user-friendly and enables application domain experts who are not programmers to create complex solutions in a more straightforward way. Key to this approach is the introduction of high-level representations of domain-specific functionalities (called SIBs, service-independent building blocks) that encapsulate the programming code and their organisation in reusable libraries, and they are made available in the application development environment. This way, new domain-specific abstractions of the code become easily comprehensible and composable by domain experts. In this paper, we apply these concepts to a smart agriculture solution, producing a proof of concept for the new methodology in this application domain to be used as a portable demonstrator for MDD in IoT and agriculture in the Confirm Research Centre for Smart Manufacturing. Together with model-driven development tools, we leverage here the capabilities of the Nordic Thingy:53 as a multi-protocol IoT prototyping platform. It is an advanced sensing device that handles the data collection and distribution for decision making in the context of the agricultural system and supports edge computing. We demonstrate the importance of high-level abstraction when adopting a complex software development cycle within a multilayered heterogeneous IT ecosystem.

RESEARCH OF CYBER SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES OF CLOUD SERVICES IAAS, PAAS AND SAAS

Cybersecurity threats are constantly evolving, and cloud computing is no exception. Attackers are improving attack techniques aimed at identifying vulnerabilities in IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. The work examines the following problematic issues: insufficient analytical tools; data privacy and security; financial and organizational costs to ensure cyber security of IaaS, PaaS and SaaS cloud technologies. The aim of the work is to investigate how the common models of cloud computing: infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a service (SaaS) need to properly implement adequate and appropriate protection measures to ensure cyber security. For this purpose, the paper examined models of cloud technologies, it was determined that cloud services include various models that allow users to access various types of resources via the Internet. It has been found that there are three generally accepted models of cloud services: infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a service (SaaS), and two main players: the cloud provider and the cloud subscriber. The set of levels over which each of these players has control depends on the model of the cloud service or environment. For each of these cloud services, its description was given, recommendations were given for access control, privacy assurance, terms of use were defined, advantages and disadvantages were given, and market trends of these services were considered. Proposed approaches to the formation of a secure application development environment in cloud services. Features such as wide network access, resource pooling, fast elasticity, service metering, and data sharing are also summarized. Guidelines for designing access control for IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS according to their different characteristics are proposed. In addition, the security policy rules for each cloud system are summarized. Technologies are proposed to protect security at each of the three main layers of cloud services: the application, middleware, and virtual machine layers, due to differences in the organization that controls each of these layers. It was found that for any level it is possible to provide more effective protection if the same subject controls the level below. Since the network, hardware, and resource abstraction layer in all cloud service models are controlled by the cloud provider, it has more effective protections at its disposal.

Explainable argumentation as a service

Gorgias Cloud offers an integrated application development environment that facilitates the development of argumentation-based systems over the internet. Argumentation is offered as a service in a way that this allows application systems to remotely access the argumentation service and utilize the results of the argumentative computation. Moreover, the service results include the explanation of the decision in both human and machine-readable formats. The first is useful for allowing the application validation to be done by experts, while the second is useful for development. It appears that this is the first case where argumentation is offered to developers in such an open and distributed way.

Design and implementation of an instrument control platform for future beamline experiments at SPring-8

BL-774 is a control, data acquisition, and online analysis platform for addressing the requirements in future beamline experiments at SPring-8-II. To date, we have achieved implementations related to “robustness and flexibility” and “configuration management”. These implementations were made possible by the two-phase development workflow. The two-phase development is characterized by a dedicated rapid application development environment that beamline scientists can use rapidly and easily in real beamline environments, and web-based graphical user interfaces that BL-774 software developers have incorporated the achievements of the beamline scientists as part of the official release of the beamline control software. BL-774 has been introduced in two beamlines to date, and we plan to implement it in more beamlines while adding more features. We plan to integrate BL-774 seamlessly with other systems that are currently under development in the facility, such as two-dimensional detector systems and SPring-8 data centers. By introducing BL-774 in conjunction with other infrastructure in the facility, more advanced experimental operations, such as feedback operations based on online data analysis or remote operations from outside the beamlines, are to be expected. This paper presents the design and implementation of BL-774 and its introduction into a beamline at SPring-8.

Model-driven development for the seL4 microkernel using the HAMR framework

Verified microkernels such as seL4 provide trustworthy foundations for safety- and security-critical systems. However, their full potential remains unrealized due, in part, to the lack of application development environments that help engineers integrate the microkernel’s configuration and hosting of application code with modeling, analysis, and verification tools that address broader aspects of the development lifecycle.This paper presents a model-driven tool chain for the seL4 microkernel based on the open source High Assurance Modeling and Rapid engineering (HAMR) code generation framework for the Architecture and Analysis Definition Language (AADL). We describe how the semantics of AADL communication and threading can be realized in terms of the access primitives and strong spatial and temporal partitioning mechanisms provided by seL4. For AADL users, seL4 provides a high-assurance platform with formally verified enforcement of component boundaries and communication pathways. For seL4 users, AADL provides high-level abstractions for developing seL4 applications, along with an ecosystem of system engineering and analysis tools. We illustrate the framework by applying a model-based development environment for increasing resiliency against cyber attacks to an unmanned aircraft flight control system.

INVESTIGATION OF AN OPTOELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR DETECTING SMALL-SIZED AND INCONSPICUOUS OBJECTSUNDER THE INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRIC NOISE OF A MATRIX PHOTODETECTOR

The basis for reducing the accuracy of obtaining coordinate and non-coordinate information in an optical-electronic system with a matrix photo detector is geometric noise caused by uneven sensitivity and topology of the photodiode matrix. The presented mathematical model of a matrix photodetector based on the geometric array of photodiodes takes into account the main geometric parameters of the topology of the photodiode matrix. The questions of the accuracy of determining coordinates for small-sized and hardly noticeable light objects comparable to the size of a raster by the method of continuous wavelet transforms of signals from a photodiode array are considered. The possibility of geometric noise filtering by the method of continuous wavelet transform is shown by excluding from the scalogram the range of wavelet transform scales corresponding to the period of the geometric raster. It is shown that the algorithms of continuous wavelet transforms provide an increase in the accuracy of extracting the information component of small-sized and inconspicuous objects observed by an optoelectronic system with a matrix photodetector. A software prototype in the NI LabVIEW application development environment is presented. A technique has been developed for carrying out computational experiments to estimate the accuracy of determining the coordinate depending on the position of a small-sized light object relative to the topological raster of a matrix photodetector, as well as to estimate the detection sensitivity at a given noise level of photodiodes. An assessment of the accuracy of obtaining coordinate and non-coordinate information by a matrix photodetector under the influence of geometric noise has been carried out. It has been established that the filtering of geometric noise provides an increase in the detectivity of the optoelectronic system for detecting small-sized and inconspicuous light objects by more than one and a half times.

Applications of Mixed Reality with Unity and Arduino

: in a fast-developing world of augmented reality and virtual reality, where advancement in both AR and VR has been unprecedent. there is a case to be made with mixed reality also. Basically, mixed reality a form of augmented reality where physical interactions can be made with computer generated objects placed in the user’s environment using physical input methods. This can have a profound impact on the way augmented reality application are developed and can open a world of endless possibilities for AR applications.
 In this paper, a study of mixed reality application development is carried out using Unity as a development environment for mixed reality applications, along with Arduino for the development of different input/output methods used within the experience.
 Unity is a game development engine that can be utilized to develop AR/VR/MR applications. The extensive toolkit in Unity enables developers to create applications with 3d models that can be experienced though AR glasses or devices capable of AR. Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Using Arduino microcontrollers and a variety of sensors, input and output methods, AR experiences can be made interactable physically.

Application Scenario of Integrated Development Environment for Autonomous IoT Applications based on Neuromorphic Architecture

다양한 IoT 디바이스 사용이 증가함에 따라 IoT 플랫폼의 중요성 또한 대두되고 있다. 최근에는 IoT 디바이스에 인공지능 기술이 결합되는 추세이며, 저전력으로 많은 연산 처리가 가능한 뉴로모픽 아키텍처를 적용하는 연구도 증가하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 GUI 형식의 뉴로모픽 아키텍처 기반 자율형 IoT 응용 통합개발환경(NA-IDE:Integrated Development Environment for Autonomic IoT Applications based on Neuromorphic Architecture)에서 IoT 디바이스와 뉴로모픽 아키텍처 FPGA 디바이스를 사용하여 NA-IDE의 가능성 및 유효성을 확인하기 위한 IoT 응용 시나리오를 제안한다. 제안된 시나리오는 IoT 디바이스에 카메라 모듈을 연결하여 실시간으로 MNIST 데이터셋 이미지를 수집하여 뉴로모픽 보드를 통해 수집된 이미지를 인식하고 다른 IoT 디바이스에 연결된 센서 모듈을 통해 인식 결과를 표시한다. 이와 같이 이기종 IoT 디바이스에 뉴로모픽 아키텍처를 적용하여 다양한 응용 서비스에 활용한다면 뉴로모픽 아키텍처 기반 자율형 IoT 응용 통합개발환경은 4차 산업혁명을 주도하는 핵심 기술로 부상할 것으로 전망한다.

Development Strategy of Smart Internet of Things System

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an important component of the new digital infrastructure and is deeply integrated with the fifth-generation mobile communication (5G), big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and digital twin. It is profoundly changing the technology system and promoting the digital economy, ushering in a new stage of smart IoT system in which everything is connected. This paper reviews the development status of IoT in China, proposes the concept of smart IoT system (IoT 2.0), and expounds on the implications, architecture, technical pedigree, and key enabling technologies. Practical cases of smart IoT system are explored considering the application scenarios of intelligent manufacturing, smart agriculture, smart grid, smart healthcare, intelligent transportation, and intelligent environmental protection, demonstrating the application values of the smart IoT system. Furthermore, we suggest that a technology integration innovation project that integrates IoT, AI, 5G, and new application field technologies should be implemented; focus should be placed on the research, development, and industrialization of intelligent products such as smart IoT systems / cloud native platforms / low-code (no-code) application development environments and toolsets, high-end sensors for smart IoT systems, and IoT chips / special components; and application demonstration of cloud-edge-end collaborative, autonomous controllable, safe, and credible smart IoT systems should be conducted.

Role of virtual reality in the life of ageing population

Virtual reality (VR) has been on the scene for several decades already. Its first applications were in gaming. However, hardware and software were expensive and thus not for everybody. Since that time, the development of technology proceeded fast and enabled to open new application areas for VR. Currently many commercial systems are available for gaming, training and education, simulations, design, and also for medical purposes. In the article we focus on VR applications in healthcare. First we present existing commercial solutions, and research studies showing the potential of VR in healthcare. In recent years there have appeared many interesting projects and applications aimed at ageing population as target users. We present examples of such projects. Based on our previous experience and after analysis of available solutions, we propose a conceptual architecture od software environment for development of such applications and discuss their potential use. Finally, the implementation of the proposed architecture for interactive application of experience sets is described.

Modeling and design of an re-configurable isolated remote for plasma experiments with hard-real-time synchronization

The purpose of this paper is to present the design and implementation of a reconfigurable remote control for performing plasma experiments with Hard-Real-Time (HRT) synchronization under jitter less than 1 microsecond. An additional requirement for a multichannel synchronization system is the use of high-speed optical converters to provide galvanic isolation between powerful modules of the setup and remote control in order to exclude any possibility of disruption of the physical experiment control system. Modeling and development of the software part of the maser remote control panel was performed in the LabVIEW application development environment with Real Time and FPGA modules. The hardware part of the control panel is implemented on a real-time controller working in conjunction with the Xilinx FPGA module. To ensure the optical isolation of synchronization signals, boards of electron-optical converters based on LED lasers with fiber-optic terminals were developed and manufactured. The control program is implemented in a two-module architecture with a HOST application and an FPGA application that exchange data over a 1000BASE-T Ethernet network.

Data Vault using Data Science

Application security and data security is a major concern in the current application development environments. This work is mainly about deploying website that secures data on the application using the best state of the art cryptographic algorithms. The basic cryptographic algorithms used in this work are two, one is the AES algorithm and the other algorithm is DES algorithm. A combination of these two algorithms are used here for best security outcomes. In short, the work came out with an idea of double encryption by first encrypting the plain text through AES algorithm and again encrypting the cipher text using DES algorithm now this same process is done in reverse while decrypting this cipher text. In future a study will be done on RSA algorithm according to the need for the security. The kind of data the web application stores are certificates and documents of public which they might need in various occasions and to access them from anywhere they want to. Another kind of data are the peoples i.e. civilians their documents, bonds, certificates which might be needed in government activities, mainly focusing on people in remote places. Besides protecting the data, this website also gives the accessibility to the data from anywhere as a virtual copy, which can be accessed by the individuals through their individual login ids that would be provided by the website. In work also made a capacity reasoning and protecting the endorsements and properties with the assistance of the chained calculation. Any place the information is needed, the same can undoubtedly returned from the website and cab be download. In future, the work will be studied with dynamic RSA key calculation dependent on the individuals' requirements and as a result through the work it will be providing a much safer place for the people to store their documents and gives accessibility to the users from where ever and whenever they want to.

Investigation of Accessibility of Some Frequently Use Rapid Aplication Development Environments

The object of this article is to discuss some problems, that hav low vision developers using some frequently use rapid application development environments. Particular attention is payd to those of them, that have free versions or are use by high schools and special secondary schools. Accessibility level of main menu, submenus, settings dialog boxes, text edit tools, diagnostic and debugging addressed interface are measure. Made reference, that summary accessibility level of development environment DEV-C++ does not allow effective work by using screen readers and braille displays. As better is estimated accessibility level of Microsoft Visual Studio, but, mention may here be made of some important components (related to creating GUI and database projects) are fully inaccessible. So, blind developer can without somebody else help create console applications only. Development environment C++ Builder is closely discussed, because by working with it using screen readers and braille displays problems mentioned before does not exist. The circumstance, that this development environment is out-of-date, is not omitted, so it have not any contrivances to develop 64 bit applications and applications for Android. The article says, that software tools for developers has low level of accessibility, then applications addressed to generally use.

Development of software for calculating the results of medicinal substances bioequivalence

International organizations have adopted and recognized drug standards, which should be guided by developers in the field of pharmacology. In practice, there is a problem: how to determine whether a reproduced drug sample really satisfies the world standard for its pharmacological action. It is required to implement an algorithm for checking and confirming the bioequivalence of drugs. The purpose of the study is to automate the verification of standards using an appropriate algorithm, i.e. to develop an application for calculating the results of medicinal substances bioequivalence. The methodology is based on the assumption that the identity in the sense of the created effect of the pharmacokinetic curves of the drug concentration in the blood versus time for the test drug and the standard means their therapeutic equivalence. Research methods include Python programming, use of libraries for data visualization; Visual Studio is an application development environment. The desired algorithm and requirements for the developed application are formulated in the results of the study, based on the study of theoretical issues of determining the medicinal substances bioequivalence. Finally, conclusions about the efficiency of the software are made and options for its improvement are proposed.

Betta Fish Farming Information System Based on Android Applications

The challenge in developing an ornamental fish culture in Indonesia is the lack of a trusted source of information that can be used by the wider community. This lack of information became the reason for the failure of ornamental fish culture, including betta fish. This study aims to design an Android-based betta-fish culture information system that can be used by the wider community. The method used in this study is a mixed-method, through the development of an android application to gather information about betta fish farming. Data collection related to biology aspect and factors that influence betta fish culture is done through secondary data collection. All information collected will be entered into an android-based information system. Android applications will be developed using the Java programming language by using the android studio as the official integrated development environment (IDE) for Android application development. The results of the Android-based betta-fish culture information system design will be displayed on the main menu form consisting of betta fish potential, cultivation (details of cultivation and their needs), list of betta fish varieties, and betta fish trading. This application is expected to help the community to access information on betta fish culture to be more productive and efficient. Android based betta fish information system will help ornamental fish breeder to get information needed for success breeding.

Implementation of decision tree algorithm on FPGA devices

<span id="docs-internal-guid-01e673b1-7fff-8dc3-6b99-14ed17cd6b49"><span>Machine learning techniques are rapidly emerging in large number of fields from robotics to computer vision to finance and biology. One important step of machine learning is classification which is the process of finding out to which category a new encountered observation belongs based on predefined categories. There are various existing solutions to classification and one of them is decision tree classification (DTC) which can achieve high accuracy while handling the large datasets. But DTC is computationally intensive algorithm and as the size of the dataset increases its running time also increases which could be from some hours to days even. But thanks to field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) which could be used for large datasets to achieve high performance implementation with low energy consumption. Along with FPGA’s, python is used for accelerating the application development and python is leveraged by using python productivity for zynq (PYNQ), a python development environment for application development. This paper provides the literature review of an implementation of DTC for FPGA devices along with future work that can be done.</span></span>

A Cryptography-Powered Infrastructure to Ensure the Integrity of Robot Workflows

With the growing popularity of robots, the development of robot applications is subject to an ever increasing number of additional requirements from e.g., safety, legal and ethical sides. The certification of an application for compliance to such requirements is an essential step in the development of a robot program. However, at this point in time it must be ensured that the integrity of this program is preserved meaning that no intentional or unintentional modifications happen to the program until the robot executes it. Based on the abstraction of robot programs as workflows we present in this work a cryptography-powered distributed infrastructure for the preservation of robot workflows. A client composes a robot program and once it is accepted a separate entity provides a digital signature for the workflow and its parameters which can be verified by the robot before executing it. We demonstrate a real-world implementation of this infrastructure using a mobile manipulator and its software stack. We also provide an outlook on the integration of this work into our larger undertaking to provide a distributed ledger-based compliant robot application development environment.