Entrepreneurship Training Program Research Articles

Development of entrepreneurial competencies of Russian and Czech undergraduate students: Gender aspect

Introduction. Recently, university teachers have faced the task to develop not only professional knowledge, skills and abilities, but also universal and supra-professional competencies. The comprehensive development of university students influences the formation of a specialist’s personality, ensures his/her adaptability and resistance to the challenges of the external environment, the graduate’s readiness to demonstrate high performance indicators in the chosen field of activity. Among the supra-professional competencies, a separate cluster of entrepreneurial competencies can be distinguished, which ensure the deployment of commercial thinking and are the driver of the development of the state’s economy. Meanwhile, in some publications there are a number of facts, which illustrate the gender differences in entrepreneurship in the world. Official statistics demonstrate the relevance of the development of women’s entrepreneurship in the economies of countries. The prevailing number of studies is carried out among students enrolled in entrepreneurship training programmes. However, the indicators of the development of entrepreneurial competencies of students of non-core specialties (future human resource management specialists), taking into account the gender factor, have not been studied enough.The aim of the present research was to answer the question about the presence of a gender gap in the development of entrepreneurial competencies among university students enrolled in the training direction “Personnel Management” in the Russian Federation and the Czech Republic.Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework of the current research is based on the behavioural approach to the study of competencies, which suggests that success in professional activity is favoured by a high level of development. The literary analysis of relevant empirical studies was conducted to choose a research method and to develop a methodology for competencies assessment. The review makes it possible to assess the level of knowledge of the problem of gender differences in entrepreneurial competencies of university students at the international level. The empirical part of the work was attended by N = 582 students (n1 = 291 people of the Czech Republic (Ceske Budejovice), n2 = 291 people of the Russian Federation (Ekaterinburg), among them women – 70.1% n1, 74.2% n2 and men – 29.9% n1, 25.8% n2. Testing was carried out using the authors’ methodology “Assessment of Entrepreneurial Competencies of Students” for the 15 most important competencies in the field of entrepreneurship, which are associated with the manifestation of initiative, management of resources and people, decision-making and active action.The data obtained were processed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, t-statistics.Results and scientific novelty. It is shown that the development of participants’ entrepreneurial competencies does not have a direct correlation with the gender of the respondents. When assessing the potential of women’s entrepreneurship, the opinion of society is influenced by the stereotyping of ideas about it as a traditionally masculine type of activity, while the development of these competencies in the university takes place without highlighting significant gender differences. Moreover, in a number of cases, women have higher indicators in the analysed range of competencies in comparison with men. We assume that gender does not have a decisive role in the implementation of business initiatives but there may be other factors: the environment, including the educational environment of the university, personal characteristics and motivation of a person.Practical significance. The research findings are expected to contribute to the debate on entrepreneurial competencies and provide useful data to be employed in learning with a focus on the development of internal entrepreneurship.

Analysis of the Present Situation of the Cultivation of Scientific Research and Innovation Ability in Medical Students and Exploration of the Scientific Research Training Mode

Background: This study aims to investigate, from different perspectives, the problems faced and the countermeasures suggested by five-year clinical medical students in an entrepreneurship training programme for medical students to promote medical teaching reforms. Methods: A total of 600 five-year clinical medicine majors (grades 16-18) at Bengbu Medical College (including those who did and did not participate in large-scale entrepreneurship programmes) were studied by means of internet questionnaires and interviews. Statistical analysis was used to analyse the results of 568 questionnaires. Results: Students generally hope for improvements in the quality and mode of scientific research instruction; they have a strong interest in scientific research and hope to receive training in scientific research in their spare time and that does not interfere with their studies. Moreover, students desire improvements in incentive policies for innovation, the introduction of liberal laboratory opening policies and the optimization of funding for scientific research. Conclusions: Clinical medical students in our hospital attach great importance to the cultivation of scientific research ability. The results clarify the problems faced by medical undergraduates participating in entrepreneurship programmes and provide specific quantitative data for the reform of medical education modes to cultivate the innovation capacity of medical students.

What contributes to micro, small, and medium enterprises’ productivity in fisheries sector in Aceh, Indonesia?

Although Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in the agricultural, livestock, forestry, and fishery sector was recorded as the second-largest contributor to the Indonesian economy in the last decade, but their productivity level was relatively low due to their small-scale business entity. To further enhance their contribution to the national economy, MSMEs needs to enhance their productivity. This study measures Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of the MSMEs in the fisheries sector across 23 districts/cities in Aceh province, Indonesia over the period from 2015 to 2019 period. The study also decomposes the TFP into its sources. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the study documented a low level of MSMEs' TFP during the study period. The MSMEs experienced different levels of TFP. Overall, the MSMEs experienced a decline in their TFP level, contributed mainly by the deteriorations in the efficiency and technical efficiency levels. These findings indicated the urgent call for adopting advanced fisheries-related technologies and implementing good MSMEs' governance practices to further promote MSMEs' performance. Finally, the relevant government authorities are suggested to prioritize promoting less productive MSMEs in the province by providing adequate financial assistance and conducting regular professional entrepreneurial workshops, short courses, and training programs.

Позитивно-психологическое содержание обучения предпринимательству в контексте профилактики деструктивного поведения молодежи

Socialization today is a multidimensional concept and process, which makes it relevant to research the methodology and practice of teaching and educating young people. The introduction presents a socio-psychological perspective on socialization. The research seeks to provide a positive psychological substantiation of the possibility of managing the process of socialization through teaching entrepreneurship to schoolchildren and university students. The materials and methods used in the research constitute the methodological potential of positive psychology in the aspect of its legitimate use in programs for the prevention of destructive behavior of adolescents and youth through entrepreneurship training. The article analyzes Russian and foreign literature regarding the validity of the positive psychological approach as a methodology for developing entrepreneurship training programs providing a constructive alternative to destructive behavior of young people. The psychological and pedagogical axiom of the unity of education and upbringing is considered both in the interpretation of M. Seligman and his followers, and in the interpretation of Russian researchers. Entrepreneurship training offered as an alternative to destructive behavior has positive psychological content which combines the teaching of both well-being skills and achievement skills. The article goes on to examine a specific educational project. In the discussion part of the article, entrepreneurship training is viewed as a factor of constructive socialization of young people. Unless young people are able to use their “strengths of personality” during the transition from high school to university, their socialization might develop in a destructive fashion. Positive education which is based on the strengths of an individual can significantly enrich both the individual’s development and the society as a whole. The main conclusion of our research is that prevention and overcoming of delinquent and destructive behavior of young people can be carried out through teaching entrepreneurship to schoolchildren and university students from the perspective of the applied use of the positive psychological approach.

Short Term Entrepreneurship Development Program Module for women Self Help Group members

Purpose: The main aim of the paper is to present the Entrepreneurship Development Program which is specially designed for the sustainable growth of women entrepreneurs in urban area.Approach: This program is specially designed for the women Self Help Group members those are interested to start business in their locality.Findings: The fieldwork gave a generalized overview of the thought process of women towards business orientation, their acceptance, and their willingness to generate employment for themselves and others. They are playing a pivotal role in the overall development of society and should be given advanced training for business expansions and skill development.Paper Limitations: This program is specially designed for the women those are semi littered or not attended the formal schooling program. This program is specially designed more giving practical information rather than theory.Originality/Value: The program can be utilized for the overall development of various sectors and the concept can be implemented for redesigning and innovating the current business overview. Many women entrepreneurs cannot spend one month time to attend the regular Entrepreneurship training programs. This short term program will give them information to start business at smaller case.

湖泊水动力变化对沉水植物的影响研究综述

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 湖泊水动力变化对沉水植物的影响研究综述 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202012243261 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31670440，32071537）；云南省应用基础研究计划重点项目（202001BB050021）；中国大学生科研创新创业训练项目（202110673067） Impacts of hydrodynamic variation on submerged macrophytes in lakes: a review Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Key Project of Applied Basic Research Program of Yunnan Province, China ;Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of China. 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:随着全球气候变化加剧及水利工程的快速发展，湖泊水动力状况发生了显著变化。通过影响湖泊水体和沉积物理化性质，水动力变化可以作用于沉水植物生存、生长与分布等方面。在长期适应进化过程中，沉水植物演化出了一系列有效的适应策略，能一定程度上克服水动力变化的负面影响。但当前湖泊水动力变化程度远超沉水植物适应上限，湖泊沉水植物消退已成为全球普遍现象。了解沉水植物适应水动力条件的过程有助于揭示湖泊沉水植被退化机制，为未来沉水植物的保护和恢复提供借鉴。因此，本文系统综述当前湖泊水动力变化成因，水动力变化对沉水植物的不利影响及沉水植物适应策略，包括：繁殖对策、形态学对策、生理对策等。同时，综述当前研究进展，今后还需大力加强沉水植物解剖学及物种忍耐力差异方面的研究。 Abstract:As the consequences of global climate anomalies and the rapid development of hydraulic engineering, the hydrological condition of lake ecosystem has been greatly altered. By affecting the physico-chemical properties of water and sediment, the hydrodynamic variation can affect the survival, growth and distribution of submerged macrophytes. After long-term adaptive evolution, the submerged macrophytes have evolved a series of strategies to overcome the negative effects of hydrodynamic variation to a certain extent. However, at present, the degree of hydrological variation has far exceeded the adaptive capacity of the submerged macrophytes, and the catastrophic loss of submerged macrophytes has become a common phenomenon all over the world. Understanding the adaptive process of submerged macrophytes to hydrodynamic variation is the scientific basis for us to reveal the degradation mechanisms of submerged macrophytes and to design guidelines for their protection and restoration in the future. In this study, the cause of hydrodynamic variation in freshwater lakes, its consequences on submerged macrophytes, and the underlying mechanisms for submerged macrophytes to acclimate to the stress were summarized, including reproductive, morphological, and physiological strategies. Further studies on the anatomy and species-specific responses should be strengthened. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Potencial Empreendedor e Engajamento Acadêmico em Estudantes Universitários

Abstract There is currently a need for adaptation in higher education due to the new demands of society. In this context, two factors are noteworthy: academic engagement and entrepreneurial education. This study aimed to examine whether entrepreneurship education influences academic engagement and entrepreneurial potential in college students participating and not participating in entrepreneurship education programs. It is a quantitative, exploratory, and correlational study on a 563-student sample, using the Entrepreneurial Potential Identification Scale - Escala para Identificar Potencial Empreendedor, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Students, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results showed that students who entered an entrepreneurial training program had significantly higher rates of academic engagement and entrepreneurial potential, when compared with academics from institutions that did not have a program designed for this purpose. It is concluded that investing in entrepreneurial education can foster the generation of more engaged students with greater entrepreneurial potential.

The Development of Personalised Training Needs Analysis for Malaysian Arts Culture Entrepreneurs (ACEs) Using Psychometric Approach

Entrepreneurship training programmes (ETPs) are regularly regarded as one of the most effective approaches for training prospective and established entrepreneurs with critical entrepreneurial mastery. While numerous selected segments of the entrepreneurial community have undergone such ETPs successfully, a greenhorn segment of the creative economy industry known as the Malaysian arts culture entrepreneurs (ACEs) community is emerging. However, the current ETPs training needs analysis (TNA) instruments are considered too mainstream, disregarding the ACEs’ distinctive psychometric inventory, making the training process less appealing. As a result, this proposed study would update and improvise the current entrepreneurial psychometric assessment by capturing the psychometric inventory of ACEs that are distinct from the rest of the entrepreneurs’ community. This study will take a mixed-method approach. The proposed main study output is the ACE- Psychometric Inventory instrument, which could develop a personalised TNA that allows for more individualised ETPs content and delivery for ACEs. This paper concludes with discussions and implications of the research

Overcoming Gender Gaps in Entrepreneurship Education and Training

Entrepreneurship education and training are essential for female entrepreneurs who juggle family expectations, personal life, and new ventures at the same time. Indeed, generic entrepreneurship training may fail to promote understanding in gender literacy and its relationship with creating and managing business entities. To help address gender gaps, this article explores gender issues in the training process for female entrepreneurs, the researcher collected primary data from 28 trainers through personal interviews and secondary data from the 43 training evaluation forms from trainees who participated in the national entrepreneurship training programs in Thailand. The researcher identifies three themes that are related to gender gaps and effectiveness in the entrepreneurship training context. They include (1) gender mainstreaming, (2) gender-sensitive training approaches, and (3) the adoption of proper technology and innovation for female entrepreneurs. Secondary data also confirm that female entrepreneurs in this study address the need for professional development that promotes them to engage in gender competencies, technology, and innovation for new ventures. The opportunity for professional development can be limited by family and social commitments. Engaging with experienced female entrepreneurs and business role models can promote understanding in the three areas among female entrepreneurs. This article outlines a novel approach in synergizing gender issues, training, and entrepreneurship skills. It concludes with some explanations of the relative efficacy of entrepreneurship training that reduces gender gaps for female entrepreneurs.

Participants' Perceptions of the Implementation of Basic Training (LAatsar) for Civil Servants with the Blended Learning Model in Batanghari Regency in 2021

One of the program activities of BPSDM Jambi Province which is carried out every year is a training program for retired personnel, the aim is to prepare a number of alternative activities for officials who will enter retirement. This research is about the implementation process of retired entrepreneurial training. This research is a qualitative descriptive study, the informants in this study were the Head of the Jambi Province Human Resources Development Agency, the Head of the Core Technical Competency Development Division, the Heads of Sub-Heads, and the organizing committee. Data were obtained through interviews and activity report books and observations. The data analysis method is to use the data triangulation method, namely by making comparisons and discussions between the data obtained in the field. This research resulted that the implementation of entrepreneurial training Pra Purnabakti at BPSDM Jambi Province has been going well and quite systematically. The implementation process is divided into two parts, namely the planning process and the implementation process. This training planning activity is divided into two parts of planning, namely program planning, and implementation planning. Program planning consists of analyzing the needs of prospective participants of the Retired Entrepreneurship Training and compiling a module for the Retired Entrepreneurship Training program. Meanwhile, the planning for the implementation consists of determining the partners for the implementation of the training, the setting of the place, and the time of the implementation. For more success in the implementation of the training, it is hoped that the BPSDM will budget an adequate budget, due to the implementation of activities in the field.

The role of entrepreneurship education and inclination on the nexus of entrepreneurial motivation, individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention: Testing the model using moderated-mediation approach

Foremost objective of this manuscript is to empirically testify the direct and indirect influence of EM and IEO on EI through the mediation of EE while conditioning the indirect effect with the moderation of entrepreneurial inclination. The measurement model; model fitness, convergence and divergence were assessed through CFA, whereas hypotheses were tested using SEM and PROCESS Macro for SPSS. EM and IEO were found influencing EI directly and indirectly through EE. Conditional indirect effects of EM and IEO on EI were found most positive for entrepreneurially inclined students. The findings of the study provide valuable suggestive measures for implementation by universities while designing and conducting entrepreneurship training and education program.

PELATIHAN WIRAUSAHA BAGI WARGA BINAAN LAPAS PEMUDA KELAS IIA DI KOTA TANGERANG

The correctional system is a series of criminal law enforcement units. Inmates are not only objects but also subjects who are no different from other humans who at any time can make mistakes or make mistakes that can be subject to criminal sanctions. The Indonesian penitentiary system is more focused on the aspect of fostering prisoners. The assisted residents have the right to obtain information and obtain proper education and training which can be used as capital in the future when they return to the community. Community service activities that will be carried out in the form of training are theoretical presentations that are carried out face-to-face on the concept of entrepreneurship and business including managing marketing and finance in accordance with the needs of the inmates with a business strategy to start a business with a minimum capital, and the Dropship System. The implementation of this Community Service was carried out on October 2, 2021, taking place at the Class IIA Youth Prison, Tangerang. Buddhi Dharma University offers entrepreneurship training programs and starting a business with minimal capital and how to market products that will be sold through the dropship system and how to market them through E-Commerce media, as well as how to record financial books using the bookkeeping application for the inmates when they return to the community later

Kewirausahaan Kelompok Wanita Tani Sebagai Penggerak Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kampung Eduwisata Hanjeli Desa Waluran Mandiri Kecamatan Waluran Kabupaten Sukabumi

The decrease of the community’s carrying capacity in Waluran Mandiri Village in the utilization of potential land resources has resulted in the change of abandoned agricultural land into illegal mining, which in turn creates negative impact to the environment surrounding it. This sad reality is also saddled with the large number of women who become migrant workers abroad. (baiknya di sini ditambahin satu kalimat yg menjadi penghubung dari masalah ke situasi yg ada, misalnya: However, the village is gifted with an abundance of Job’s tears locally called Hanjeli.) The cultivation of Job’s tears as an effort to empower the community has been initiated with the concept implementation of the Hanjeli Eduwisata Village. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of woman farmer groups’ empowerment in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village, and to analyze the business of hanjeli products carried out through the groups’ entrepreneurial activities. The study used a survey method with purposive sampling of a group of woman farmers located in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village, Waluran Mandiri Village, Sukabumi Regency. The data were then analyzed using descriptive quantitative method by presenting tabulations and diagrams. The results showed that the community empowerment of former migrant workers in Hanjeli Eduwisata Village was pioneered by a woman's farmer group named Mekar Mandiri through an entrepreneurial process. Furthermore, the empowerment activities were carried out in stages, namely: establishing business working groups and entrepreneurship training, forming farmer groups, revitalizing abandoned land, and carrying out entrepreneurship training programs regarding cultivation techniques, product processing as well as marketing of Hanjeli products. Even though the average production of Hanjeli was low due to intercropping and intercropping with huma rice on an average land area of 0.43 ha, Hanjeli farming still provided benefits to Mekar Mandiri woman farming group in two growing seasons per one year. Likewise, the the business of processed Hanjeli products by KWT Mekar Mandiri showed a positive profit margin. To increase the woman farming group’s entrepreneurial efforts in the cultivation and processing of hanjeli, the application of branding, packaging, and marketing strategies for local food products integrated with online media for the promotion of Hanjeli tourism village were introduced.

Line positions, intensities, and Einstein A coefficients for 3–0 band of 12C16O: A spectroscopy learning method* *Project supported by the Open Research Fund of Computational Physics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yibin University (Grant No. YBXYJSWLZD- 2020-006), the Funds for Sichuan Distinguished Scientists of China (Grant Nos. 2019JDJQ0050 and 2019JDJQ0051), the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (Grant Nos. 61722507 and

Based on the model- and data-driven strategy, a spectroscopy learning method that can extract the novel and hidden information from the line list databases has been applied to the R branch emission spectra of 3–0 band of the ground electronic state of 12C16O. The labeled line lists such as line intensities and Einstein A coefficients quoted in HITRAN2020 are collected to enhance the dataset. The quantified spectroscopy-learned spectroscopic constants is beneficial for improving the extrapolative accuracy beyond the measurements. Explicit comparisons are made for line positions, line intensities, Einstein A coefficients, which demonstrate that the model- and data-driven spectroscopy learning approach is a promising and an easy-to-implement strategy.

Entrepreneurship, beekeeping, and health training to decrease community violence in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a pilot study for an intervention trial

BackgroundHigh unemployment rates and limited access to resources, services, and economic opportunities are associated with many types of violence. In Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, most violence is experienced by unemployed, poorly educated men between the ages of 20 and 35 years. It is expected that community violence will decrease as the incomes of those most at risk increase. However, economic opportunity through formal employment is rarely available to uneducated men in Dar es Salaam. Giving them access to economic independence through entrepreneurship training is therefore supported by the World Bank and the government of Tanzania. There has been little research on the effectiveness of programs to encourage entrepreneurship.MethodsTo evaluate the feasibility of providing entrepreneurial training programs to young men in Dar es Salaam, especially those without formal employment, a pretest-posttest pilot study was conducted drawing a sample of young men from neighborhood camps called vijiweni. There were four interventions, each implemented in a single camp: Health/Control, Entrepreneurship + Health, Beekeeping + Health, and Entrepreneurship + Beekeeping + Health. The four camps received 2, 6, 6, and 10 training sessions, respectively. No start-up capital was provided. The participants were interviewed at baseline and 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the sessions were completed. Data were collected on demographics, household assets, experience of violence, and income.ResultsFifty-seven respondents attended the first session. At baseline, the camps were not meaningfully different from one another in educational attainment, number of dependents, daily income, assets, or individual members’ roles as victims, perpetrators, or witnesses of violence. Differences were found in age, occupation, and weekly income. Over a period of 2.25 years (from baseline to the end of the project), the weekly income of the Health/Control camp, which had been earning the most, decreased by 37% in a reflection of worsening economic conditions at the time. All three intervention camps increased their income: Beekeeping by 43%, All by 50%, and Entrepreneurship by 146%, with the latter almost reaching the minimum wage level. The most persistently reported constraint was insufficient start-up capital.ConclusionsThe feasibility and potential effectiveness of a short training program on entrepreneurship skills for unemployed, poorly educated young men in urban Tanzania were demonstrated in this study. It has set the stage for an intervention trial to test an updated hypothesis: A 5–7-day intervention about entrepreneurship and microfinance savings groups will lead to increased income and decreased violence.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govNCT 04602416. Registered on 24 October 2020. Retrospectively registered.

Gender differences in academic entrepreneurship: experience, attitudes and outcomes among NSF I-CORPS participants

PurposeExpanding access to entrepreneurship training programs can be a method to increase female involvement in technology commercialization only if these programs adequately address the specific challenges facing female faculty and graduate students. In the context of the US National Science Foundation's Innovation Corps (NSF I-Corps) program, this study examines gender differences in prior experience and attitudes towards the training in order to propose improvements to the program design.Design/methodology/approachThis quantitative study uses Pearson's Chi-Square and ANOVA tests on survey data from the I-Corps national program (n = 2,195), which enrolls faculty members, graduate students, postdoctoral researchers and industry experts.FindingsIn comparison to male participants, female I-Corps participants reported less entrepreneurial experience prior to the program, poorer team relationships during the program and lower entrepreneurial intention and technology commercialization readiness at both the beginning and the end of the program. However, no gender differences were found in positive or negative perceptions of the instructional climate or perceptions of program usefulness.Originality/valueThis study is unique as it is based on a large-scale dataset drawn from sites across the United States. The results support potential changes to I-Corps and similar programs, including providing more explicit instructions for tasks with which female participants have less prior experience than males (e.g. in applying for patents), offering guidance for team interactions, and providing mentorship to assess whether low self-efficacy is leading women to underestimate the potential success of their projects.

How Identification and Self- and Other Guides Influence Enthusiasm for Academic Entrepreneurship

Recognizing the commercial potential of university-based inventions and discoveries, legislators and administrators have called upon academic scientists to become academic entrepreneurs. Yet, apparently few academic scientists are enthusiastic about taking on entrepreneurial activities. The intrinsic reasons underlying the lack of enthusiasm are poorly understood. We use social identity theory to compare the effects of identification with scientist and academic entrepreneur identities on entrepreneurial enthusiasm. We further extend research by applying self-discrepancy theory to explore the role of self and other guides on enthusiasm for academic entrepreneurship. We test our model on a sample of National Science Foundation (NSF) funded academic scientists who participated in the Innovation Corps (I-Corps) entrepreneurship training program. We find identification with an entrepreneur identity increases entrepreneurial enthusiasm while identification with a scientist identity decreases entrepreneurial enthusiasm. Additionally, academic scientists’ self-guides influence their enthusiasm for academic entrepreneurship, while interestingly, their other-guides do not. Our paper contributes to the academic entrepreneurship literature by developing and testing a framework that integrates self-discrepancy theory with social identity theory for a nuanced understanding of academic scientists’ thought processes regarding engaging in entrepreneurial activities.

The Effects of Academic Entrepreneurship on Scientific Research Productivity: Evidence from NSF

A call to action by the National Academy of Sciences to close the gap between academia and practice has changed the innovation landscape in academic research, encouraging academic scientists to have an entrepreneurial mindset. While there is a widely accepted belief that individual scientific entrepreneurs play a key role in closing the knowledge gap between academia and practice, it is necessary to empirically understand how the rising trend of academic entrepreneurship changes scientists’ research directions because policymakers and universities widely advocate academic entrepreneurship. We assess the impact of academic entrepreneurship training program on a scientist’s research productivity by using a unique set of data from the National Science Foundation Innovation Corps (I-Corps) program. The results show that scientists who participated in the I-Corps file for more patents but publish fewer articles in academic journals. This research makes two contributions. First, it sheds light on how entrepreneurship rearranges the future research directions of entrepreneurial faculty. Second, the findings provide insight for policymakers that potential sides effects should be considered for the future regulatory compliance.

Gender's Influence on Starting a Social Business by User-Innovators:

Our research investigates the influence of gender on user-innovator' characteristics in starting a social business. Specifically, we examine the extent to which unmet personal needs, being ahead of the trend, experiencing high expected benefits to develop a solution to overcome these needs, use experience and product-related knowledge influence these entrepreneurs in starting a social business. We use a sample of 142 (nascent) social entrepreneurs (64 men and 78 women) who enrolled in a social entrepreneurship training program in the Netherlands. A mixed-method approach was used that combines quantitative (survey) and qualitative (19 in-depth interviews) research. Using Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparison Analysis (FsQCA) to examine the gender-related differences and the user-innovator characteristics' influence in starting a social business, we find different configurations for men and women. With our research, we gain more insight into gender's influence on the lead user characteristics in this process. We also gain an understanding of the interplay of these specific conditions, which is a methodological contribution to the underlying assumptions regarding data asymmetry, equifinality, and causal conjunction. Our findings are useful to social entrepreneurs to better understand what drives them and to entrepreneurial development and education programs to develop more effective training and support with less masculinization by showing how gender may influence the factors that facilitate social business startups.

Research on the Program-Driven Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Mode of Local Universities in China

The innovation and entrepreneurship education (IEE) can not only meet the needs of college students but can also meet the needs of national development. The National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training (NIET) program for university students has become an effective way for universities to push forward the reform of IEE. At present, IEE in colleges and universities has formed a preliminary system in the process of continuous exploration. However, most IEE mode in colleges and universities in China focuses on the unilateral improvement of innovation competition, entrepreneurship curriculum or teaching mode, and few have investigated innovation and entrepreneurship environment, ability and motivation as a whole system. In addition, although some universities has begun to build the IEE system through “Internet Plus” platform, these theoretical researches are only limited to the unilateral construction of the curriculum, project and platform, but lack of research on the key influencing factors and the combination of the curriculum, project and platform. The MOA theory servers as a theoretical basis to study the influencing factors of IEE, which aims to find out the relationship among motivation, opportunity (environment), ability and the effect of IEE among college students. A survey was conducted on 612 students who had participated in NIET program, and correlation analysis and structural equation model (SEM) was conducted to analyze key factors influencing the effects of IEE. The results show that the environment, students’ ability and motivation have significant positive influences on the effect of IEE, furthermore it can be also found that students’ ability and motivation mediate the relationship between innovative and entrepreneurial environment and innovative and entrepreneurial effect. Therefore, this paper has both theoretical and practical contributions to the cultivation of innovative talents in higher education. Theoretically, the use of the MOA model to analyze IEE not only expands the scope of MOA theory but also enriches the research perspectives of IEE ecosystem theory. Practically, the program-driven IEE mode in colleges and universities can effectively inspire students’ entrepreneurial potential, improve the talent-training mode and solve the employment problem of college students.