Entrepreneurial Resources Research Articles

How socio-cultural transition helps to improve entrepreneurial intentions among women?

PurposeThe current research proposes a model that integrates certain psychological and demographic factors in developing and strengthening young Saudi women's perceptions of entrepreneurial resourcefulness, which eventually may lead to the development and enhancement of their entrepreneurial intentions. The study also examines the ways in which changing socio-cultural norms and values may augment investments and/or efforts to enhance cognitive enablers, including entrepreneurial resourcefulness, and thereby build and strengthen entrepreneurial intentions among female entrepreneurs (i.e. human capital) in a transitioning society. Saudi Arabia is a relevant research context because the Saudi government has invested enormous resources to develop the country's human capital, particularly Saudi government intends to enhance Saudi women's participation in entrepreneurial spheres to be enhanced significantly. Saudi Arabia is undergoing a radical socio-cultural transition, and the kingdom seeks to capitalise on this ongoing transformation to further encourage women to tap into their under-utilised potential. This study seeks to corroborate such moderation effects.Design/methodology/approachThe authors utilise the intellectual capital (IC) framework and theory of planned behaviour (TBP) to propose the conceptual model in this study. Using a sample of 628 young female respondents – potential entrepreneurs studying at various universities in Saudi Arabia, the authors test the hypothesised associations through partial least squares (PLS)-based path modelling.FindingsThe authors found a significant positive impact of psychological factors, such as perceived behavioural control, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, on the development and enhancement of perceived entrepreneurial resourcefulness. In addition, demographic factors, including family income, family background, family business experience and entrepreneurship education, play a significant positive role in enhancing individuals' entrepreneurial resourcefulness perceptions. The authors further found that enhanced perceptions of perceived entrepreneurial resourcefulness develop and enhance entrepreneurial intentions among female entrepreneurs. However, the transformation in social and cultural norms significantly moderates this cause and effect relationship.Originality/valueThis study is among the first of its kind to investigate the moderating effects of social and cultural transformation on efforts and/or investments to enhance intellectual capital (more specifically, human capital) and thereby promote entrepreneurship. The study is also valuable for its focus on a unique context, i.e. female entrepreneurship in the Middle East and, more specifically, Saudi Arabia. The study offers useful insights and implications both for theory and practice, particularly for policymakers seeking to augment their intellectual capital formation efforts through an effective orchestration of socio-cultural transformation, which seeks to empower female entrepreneurs to succeed in the face of significant socio-cultural impediments.

THE INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EFFECT ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR CHANGE

THE INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EFFECT ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR CHANGE

Healing fields foundation: the challenge faced in “effectually” covering the proverbial last mile

Study level/applicability This case study can be used at the graduate and executive levels. Subject area This case study can be used in entrepreneurship, leadership, social entrepreneurship and human resource management. Case overview Healing Fields Foundation is a non-governmental organisation (NGO) that was co-founded by Mukti Bosco to create an affordable and quality health-care ecosystem, primarily through women. The pragmatism of Mukti and her strong alignment with the core values of the foundation ensured that they emerged unscathed from past challenges. During the second wave of the pandemic in 2021, they employed bikers on a contractual basis to satisfy last-mile delivery demand in rural India. However, owing to the recovery post the second wave, the demand for their services dropped and subsequently their earnings. Being provided with four options by her COO, Mukti is cognisant of the social implications her decisions will have on all the stakeholders in the ecosystem. Expected learning outcomes A. Identify and prioritise key stakeholders of the organisation for effective decision-making. B. Differentiate effectual from causal reasoning and apply their right balance while making decisions. C. Delineate social entrepreneurs from their for-profit, non-mission-driven counterparts. D. Create value for the organisation’s stakeholders through the management of its diverse workforce. E. Formulate entrepreneurial solutions through the application of relevant concepts and frameworks. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurial resource bricolage and social innovation

Entrepreneurial resource bricolage concept evolved with the scientific studies and it spread towards the social sciences recently. Mainly focusing on the social purpose organization context with the entrepreneurial resource bricolage has a researchable area which can lead to solved social issues via socially conscious innovations. Accordingly, this study investigates how entrepreneurial resource bricolage leads nurturing social innovations and how entrepreneurial alertness moderates the whole process. Drawing upon a sample of 264 social entrepreneurs, the study followed a quantitative approach to investigate the focal research question. The results reveal that entrepreneurial resource bricolage significantly influences on nurturing social innovations while entrepreneurial alertness moderates the process. The study also finds that there is a higher level of SI in Sri Lanka and Sri Lankan social entrepreneurs ERB usage level is at a higher level. Along with the findings, this study provides significant theoretical and managerial insights.
 

Internet Entrepreneurship Information Resource Sharing System Based on Improved Deep Learning Algorithm

In order to promote the circulation of Internet entrepreneurial information, based on information theory and general security theory, this paper explains how to construct the attack channel and defense channel of the k-anonymity model, so as to provide a reliable network foundation for the transmission of related information. In order to fully solve the problems existing in multiuser requests, this paper proposes two modules, single-request sharing mode and multirequest sharing mode, to process query requests in the request queue to maximize the reuse of request results. Moreover, the model constructed in this paper needs to be processed through deep learning first and then shared through the intelligent model. Therefore, the data learning and data sharing of the model are mainly analyzed during model validation. The experimental simulation results show that the intelligent sharing model of Internet entrepreneurial information resources based on deep learning proposed in this paper has good data learning and data transmission effects.

Creating complementarities: How entrepreneurs mobilize crowdfunding and local ecosystems

Entrepreneurs increasingly tap into both spatial and digital resource environments to mobilize critical resources in support of new ventures. Yet, we know surprisingly little about how entrepreneurs make joint use of these environments. Linking the recent debate on spatial and digital affordances to the resource mobilization literature, this study examines how entrepreneurs mobilize critical resources from local ecosystems and the crowdfunding platform Kickstarter in complementary ways. We discuss two strategies of resource mobilization. (1) The circular strategy, which is mainly applied by social ventures, leverages community narratives and support for crowdfunding campaigns to strengthen and expand the very community support the campaigns are based on. (2) The cumulative strategy, which is mainly applied by commercial high-tech ventures, mobilizes the symbolic value of local institutional ties to attract crowdfunding backers and uses crowdfunding success to attract new resource-holders in local ecosystems. Our findings contribute to research on entrepreneurial resource mobilization and our understanding of the interplay of spatial and digital affordances.

Evaluating Ventures Fast and Slow: Sensemaking, Intuition, and Deliberation in Entrepreneurial Resource Provision Decisions

We examine the decision process of individuals evaluating whether to support an entrepreneurial endeavor. Such decisions are made by individuals under conditions of ambiguity and equivocality. Therefore, it is nearly impossible for resource providers to adopt a purely rational evaluative process in assessing a venture. Building on insights from sensemaking and social and cognitive psychology, we elaborate a theoretical model combining sensemaking, intuition, and deliberation to account for how entrepreneurial support decisions are made. The model reflects individual and social factors that impact this decision process and provides a basis for understanding entrepreneurial support decisions across diverse actors and contexts.

An Inclusive Entrepreneurial Path Model Based on Rural Digital Entrepreneurship Data in Zhejiang Province Using Few-Shot Learning.

The main strategic direction of promoting rural revitalization is to achieve high-quality rural development, maintain the dominant position of farmers, and promote common prosperity of farmers. In recent years, the sustainable development of economy has raised farmers' awareness of starting their own businesses, and their entrepreneurial enthusiasm has been heating up. Based on the empirical survey data of typical rural areas in the Zhejiang Province and structural equation model analysis technology, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the relationship among network embeddedness, entrepreneurial resources, and entrepreneurial ability. The results show that knowledge resources have a significant negative impact on farmers' inclusive entrepreneurial behavior. The dual embedment of social network and industrial network has a significant positive impact on migrant workers' access to knowledge resources and operational resources needed for entrepreneurship, and the entrepreneurial ability of migrant workers mainly depends on operational resources. Under the background of common prosperity, we should continue to implement the policy of supporting farmers' inclusive entrepreneurship and encouraging industrial and commercial capital to enter rural areas, and at the same time, provide rural areas with agricultural knowledge, agricultural skills, and market guidance to promote employment.

Research on University Innovation and Entrepreneurship Resource Database System Based on SSH2

With the wide application of the Internet, the entrepreneurial resources of colleges and universities have grown at an exponential rate. With the rapid accumulation of this information, it is difficult for students to find what they are interested in from a large amount of information. To accurately recommend innovation and entrepreneurship resources, this paper proposes a recommendation algorithm based on user trust and a probability matrix. After obtaining the user trust data, the PMD (probability matrix decomposition) algorithm is used to complete the trust matrix and normalize it to get the similarity matrix. At the same time, the trust factor between users is added to the calculation process of the posterior probability, and the prediction score is obtained by maximizing the posterior probability. On this basis, the weights of users in the group are normalized, and the weighting strategy based on user interaction is used to integrate the preferences of group members to obtain the final recommendation results. When designing the recommendation system, the web system of the mainstream SSH2 framework is used to design, and the B/S structure of the entrepreneurial resource recommendation system platform is realized. Experimental results show that the proposed system has a higher recommendation quality compared with other recommended algorithms.

Resource Collection Algorithm for Entrepreneurship and Employment Education in Universities Based on Data Mining

Graduate unemployment is one of the serious challenges in China, including the graduates of a large number of public and private higher education institutions. The collection of entrepreneurial employment education resources in colleges and universities is a basic project and a key link to promote the rapid development of education informatization. Data mining has various applications in different fields such as health care, smart agriculture, smart cities, smart businesses, and education, but is playing a vital role in the field of education and businesses. The applications of data mining provide new technical tools and development directions to realize the common construction, sharing, and collection of entrepreneurial employment education resources in colleges and universities. The closed nature of teaching resources within colleges and universities leads to the inability of external search engines to search them, which hinders the search and access of teachers and students and seriously affects the smooth implementation of current innovation and entrepreneurship employment work. Aiming at the real demand of entrepreneurial employment education resource collection in colleges and universities and the characteristics of on-campus resources, this study proposes a data mining-based algorithm for entrepreneurial employment education resource collection in colleges and universities. The algorithm obtains entrepreneurial employment demands from the academic affairs system, collects on-campus online teaching resources through internal crawlers, and provides services for teachers, students, and employees through online teaching resource collection drive subalgorithm and quick recommendation subalgorithm. We also compared the proposed model with the CLR model. The case analysis and performance experiments show that the proposed algorithm has a good resource mining effect, high user satisfaction, and high recommendation efficiency, occupies fewer system resources, and shows high performance as compared to the CLR model.

3Ps model of entrepreneurial resourcefulness among micro-youth entrepreneurs

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the extent to which entrepreneurial resourcefulness and competencies theories and practice can be applied in small youth entrepreneurship in Ghana as well as develop an entrepreneurial resourcefulness model for youth entrepreneurs that incorporates their competencies.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative exploratory approach using semi-structured in-depth interviews amongst 32 youth entrepreneurs in Accra, Ghana was used.FindingsYouth entrepreneurial resourcefulness embraces some relevant concepts of traditional entrepreneurial resourcefulness and competencies. It also emerged that there were other competencies including discipline, understanding business numbers and being empathic which are competencies associated with youth entrepreneurial resourcefulness.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper was limited to a small sample of youth entrepreneurs in Ghana; thus, the generalisation of findings should be done with care.Originality/valueA “3Ps” model for entrepreneurial resourcefulness in youth micro-entrepreneurship is proposed, which encompasses the attributes of personal, people and political competencies. This paper is one of the few attempts to study and explain the type of competencies and resources embedded in youth entrepreneurial resourcefulness.

Creating Extraordinary From Ordinary: High Resource Efficiency of Underdog Entrepreneurs and Its Mechanism.

Existing theory has not documented the potential benefits of facing the challenges of underdog entrepreneurs, who may succeed unexpectedly. This research explains why, and under what circumstances, the underdog status of entrepreneurs can promote entrepreneurial success rather than just hinder it. We predict that the underdog effect has the potential to boost entrepreneurial resource efficiency when entrepreneurs hold an incremental (vs. entity) theory, enter a low-barrier (vs. high-barrier) industry, and are in a favorable (vs. unfavorable) business environment. Study 1 provides support for the positive relationship between underdog status and resource efficiency through an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis, which is accompanied by a moderating effect of the implicit theory, industry context, and business environment. The data was obtained from two nationwide surveys. By extending a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of multiple case studies, Study 2 reveals support for a synergistic effect of the above factors. Our research results examine the assumption that perceiving underdog status is detrimental and offer meaningful insights into why and when underdog entrepreneurs have good performance in entrepreneurial resource efficiency. We provide a psychological and behavioral explanation for the underdog effect, extending the underdog effect theory to the field of entrepreneurship for the first time from the perspective of the actors. Finally, theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed by indicating the limitations of the research.

Examining the formation of entrepreneurial resources in emerging market international new ventures

While emerging market international new ventures (INVs) in high-technology sectors are gaining traction as entrepreneurial actors, the literature has remained silent as to the formation of key entrepreneurial resources that fuel INV performance. Thus, the issue of an entrepreneurial team and their core competences are a key issue to advance our understanding of emerging market INVs. The current article utilized resource-based view to bring forward human capital of entrepreneurial teams, international entrepreneurial culture (IEC), and entrepreneurial marketing (EM) as key entrepreneurial resources. The authors empirically examine a theoretical model using survey data from a sample of high-technology INVs from India. The results of the empirical examination reveal that human capital shapes IEC and EM, respectively. Also, EM fosters performance of emerging market INVs. This article provides useful implications for managers regarding the value of human capital in the entrepreneurial team, and their role in developing key entrepreneurial resources that spur superior performance.

The historical trajectory and diaspora of Hong Kong immigrants in Africa

Using Diaspora as a theoretical framework, this article investigates the historical trajectory of Hong Kong immigrant access to Africa, the evolution of their diaspora as well as living strategies. Based on data collected from 10 Hong Kong immigrants during 2018-2019 in Africa, and assessment of some historical materials such as Sino-Africa political relationships, its change trajectory, trade record, and personnel exchanges, the results demonstrate that the different Hong Kong political system might lead to the entrepreneurial resource obtains and the evolution trends of the diaspora of Hong Kong immigrants. Since the 1980s, the increase of re-export trade volume between Mainland China and Hong Kong had strengthened the trade volume between Hong Kong and Africa with the development of the Sino-Africa relationship. It illustrates that the trade relations between Hong Kong and Africa have been increasingly influenced by the re-export trade between Hong Kong and mainland China. Meanwhile, the Hong Kong immigrants in Africa have gradually been showing a trend of integration with new Chinese immigrants in Africa, which navigated their identities constantly i.e., Hong Kong diaspora, Chinese ethnic group and British citizenship (overseas), while their daily life was inclined towards cosmopolitan trends.

Financial Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: An Analysis of Urban and Rural Regions of Norway

Based on the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) perspective, this paper examines the role of finance and interrelated value-adding activities in ecosystems. The study employs a multiple-case design and interviews with 11 rural and urban innovative start-ups and stakeholders in the Norwegian market for entrepreneurial financing. The analysis disentangles the term recycling of entrepreneurial resources in ecosystems, explained here as a self-enhancing cycle of finance under certain conditions that allows enhancement of the ecosystem and members. The aim is to explain these mechanisms in business-level ecosystems, why they are important, and how they are new to entrepreneurship theories. The study argues that the robustness of ecosystems is characterised by the extent of such activities and how they affect entrepreneurial and regional growth. Bottom-up ecosystems can be spatially scattered and enable start-ups in disadvantageous localities to harvest critical resources from more advantageous places. This study provides a theoretical extension of EEs.

Framing ideas for new venture resources acquisition in crises: An fsQCA analysis

How should new venture ideas be framed in order to acquire human resources and gain support in times of crisis characterized by struggling or failing institutions and governmental organizations? To answer this question, we analyze 316 new venture ideas aimed at alleviating the COVID-19 crisis in 11 countries. We investigate different linguistic framing configurations and test their persuasive power for human resource acquisition. Our fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and linguistic analysis reveal that a “common enemy framing” is crucial for obtaining resources in crisis contexts. Non-profit venture ideas, specifically, may acquire resources via two additional paths: adding positive emotional content or using an entrepreneurial hustle framing with concrete calls to action. Our findings provide novel insights into entrepreneurial resource acquisition and idea framing during crises.

Entrepreneurial ecosystems in tourism: An analysis of characteristics from a systems perspective

This paper transfers the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) to tourism. First it investigates the characteristic of an EE in tourism by comparing it to an existing model. Second, the sector-specificity of the EE in tourism is discussed by referring to the system’s boundaries, operations and purposes, thus linking research on EEs in tourism more strongly to key concepts of systems theory. This is done by evaluating 19 interviews from South Tyrol in a qualitative approach using GABEK (Holistic Processing of Linguistic Complexity), which includes rule-based coding of interviews and visualisation of results in a network graph. Results show that the evaluated EE in tourism shares features familiar to EEs in other business sectors. This is an elevated role of long-standing entrepreneurs, social networks, governance, shared knowledge and learning. However, there are also tourism-specific features, such as culture and landscape, which directly provide resources for entrepreneurship. Governance does not emerge from the interaction of entrepreneurs, but from public bodies. The system’s output is not ambitious entrepreneurship, but innovative, sustainable and collective entrepreneurship. However, there is the need for further research to clearly determine the system’s sector specificity.

Availability and Utilization of Instructional Resources for Entrepreneurship in Business Education in Colleges of Education

Availability and Utilization of Instructional Resources for Entrepreneurship in Business Education in Colleges of Education

Problems of building up entrepreneurial resources in order to accelerate the economic development of the state and improve the quality of life

Small and medium-sized businesses in a highly developed international market are determined by functional specialization and direct contribution to the social order and market economy. One of the factors behind the accelerated growth of national GDP is the spread of innovation among small businesses. It is this area that creates the predominant number of new jobs, solves problems with employment and unemployment. The development of small business contributes to solving the problem of creating a «middle class», which is a fundamental link in social stability and political well-being of society. Receiving benefits from the sphere of small and medium-sized businesses at the moment is not a priority area of activity for the state apparatus. Although the presence of the state's interest in various declarations can be traced, in practice, the issue of building up entrepreneurial resources in order to accelerate the economic development of the state and improve the quality of life of the social stratum takes an insignificant share of attention. This article examines the main problems of increasing the entrepreneurial resource in order to accelerate the economic development of the state and improve the quality of life.

The entrepreneurial advantages of experiencing foreignness: leveraging shocks for capability clusters

Purpose Drawing on the “shocks to the system” concept in image theory, a mid-range theoretical model is developed to illuminate understanding on why cross-cultural experience is so conducive to stimulating entrepreneurship yet has remained largely unexplained at the individual level.Design/methodology/approach The novel idea is put forth that experience of foreignness, in itself, can be harnessed as a powerful cognitive resource for entrepreneurship – particularly the nascent stages of new venture development. Providing cross-cultural exposures arouse “self-image shocks”, they manifest over time as skill clusters that reflect the sensing, seizing and transforming capabilities at the heart of entrepreneurship. This paper's pivot helps delineate a common mechanism to explain how a diverse range of seemingly disparate cross-cultural experiences can be processed in a way that enhances entrepreneurial pursuits.Findings The insights of this paper reinforce the need for educators and policymakers to encourage and provide opportunities for aspiring entrepreneurs to engage in cross-cultural and overseas exposures as they are influential for stimulating each of the core sets of entrepreneurial capabilities. The model and synthesis table also help to practically unpack how to design and plan such cultural experiences to optimize the enduring entrepreneurial advantages.Originality/value The author turns a long-standing assumption surrounding cultural differences in entrepreneurship on its head. The shocks and tensions arising from intercultural interactions are not always inevitable liabilities to be “managed away” or attenuated. Rather, cross-cultural experience can be explicitly leveraged as an asset for nascent venturing as the juxtapositions they evoke provide both proximal and distal enhancements to ways in which entrepreneurs think and develop skills at the core of venturing.