Development Of Entrepreneurship In Ukraine Research Articles

Development and Support of Ukrainian Domestic Entrepreneurship in the Knowledge Economy

This paper explores the elements of support and development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. It suggests that digitalization is an important organizational component in the development of the business sector in the knowledge economy. The authors present a comprehensive study of the most advanced domestic business ecosystems (Diia, UNIT.CITY, Genesis) and highlight their key characteristics, i.e., type of ownership, structure, mission and vision, services for entrepreneurs, investment fund availability, and areas and types of investment. The paper concludes that support for entrepreneurship in Ukraine is based on the principles of efficiency, accessibility, social security, openness, and transparency. Entrepreneurship support is considered as a set of measures of the state-funded and private institutions and organizations aimed at ensuring the sustainable functioning of small and medium-sized business entities and stimulating their development by creating the following favorable conditions: building a competitive environment and increasing competitiveness; fostering investment and innovation efforts; promoting manufactured goods (works, services) or knowledge-based products in domestic and foreign markets; ensuring employment by supporting the citizens’ entrepreneurial initiatives. Areas of public and private support of domestic entrepreneurship include provision of information, consultancy, and special services. Moreover, the paper pays special attention to the forms and methods of supporting businesses and entrepreneurship under martial law in Ukraine in 2022.

The evolution of Ukraine-China trade relations in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian War

Following the Russian war, Ukraine's need for allies has grown. This study assesses Ukraine-China trade within the wider context of international relations and analyzes entrepreneurship development in Ukraine, considering current geopolitical factors. Given the growing role of China in the global economy, the formation of relations with the country is also becoming one of the main components of the country’s international policy, which makes research on this component relevant. The research aims to assess the trends in trade between Ukraine and China, as well as to conclude on the existing trends in this component. The main methods used in the study were analysis, abstraction, and forecasting. The study assessed and described the specifics of international trade between China and Ukraine. The study provides statistics on trade relations between the two countries and describes the volume of international trade and the trends and changes associated with the war between Ukraine and Russia. Particular attention is paid to trade in agricultural products and the impact of trends in this sector on the development of entrepreneurship. In addition, the paper describes the potential benefits of future cooperation between Ukraine and China and the difficulties that may arise in the development of relations between the two countries. Based on the analysed information, the paper provides advice for the formation of Ukraine’s state policy in general, and in particular, for ensuring the quality development of enterprises.

STUDY OF THE STATE AND PROBLEMS OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY DURING THE WAR

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of domestic business in the conditions of full-scale Russian armed aggression against Ukraine, to identify the main problems and difficulties faced by business entities during the war, as well as to outline guidelines for solving these problems in order to promote the sustainable development of national entrepreneurship. Methodology of research. The following general scientific methods of scientific research were applied in the process of research, as observation, comparison, generalization, etc. The methods of critical analysis of research results presented in the publications of scientists and expert practitioners, reviews of the latest news, systematization, typology, and analytical processing of statistical data of various international and national institutions were used to select and present the most visible indicators that verify the conclusions made through verbal and discursive considerations. Findings. Based on the analysis of statistical data, it was established that the economic situation in the country is extremely difficult and even critical. It was established that the management of Ukrainian enterprises does not have sufficient training and skills in the field of business management in such difficult operating conditions. It was proven that in risky and dangerous situations, managers cannot act according to old dogmatic rules, but are forced to use increased creativity and ingenuity. It was determined that for a thorough study of the current state of business in Ukraine, there is a critical lack of a statistical database on the development of entrepreneurship under martial law, and most importantly, no effective management models of business entities were developed in an environment of increased volatility of the business environment and variable determinants of its impact. The current state and needs of Ukrainian business were identified in order to develop a set of anti-crisis recommendations aimed at its stabilization and renovation in wartime conditions. Originality. Based on a thorough analysis, the article summarizes, systematizes, and specifies existing problems and obstacles for the functioning of domestic business in conditions of full-scale armed aggression. On the basis of this, a set of interrelated measures was developed, the implementation of which will contribute to the improvement of the business environment and the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of the practical implementation of the mentioned recommendations will depend on the joint efforts of entrepreneurs, the state, the public and international partners. Practical value. The provided relevant information about the peculiarities of starting and running a business in the conditions of modern challenges and threats and its effective management in crisis situations arising as a result of war can be used by interested domestic state institutions and organizations that implement the policy of stimulating the development of entrepreneurial activity, as well as business entities. Key words: business, entrepreneurship, war, martial law, subjects of entrepreneurial activity, relocation, business problems, support of entrepreneurial activity.

Теоретичні засади розвитку суб’єкта підприємництва в умовах невизначеності

The development of entrepreneurship is considered as a component of social development, which is carried out in three directions: evolutionary, involutional, and abrupt acceleration. The necessity of forming a policy of development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine is indicated and its main tasks are allocated, namely: increasing the volume of production and export of products of Ukrainian enterprises, the formation of new enterprises, ensuring the proper level of satisfaction of domestic demand with goods and services; demonopolization of markets for goods and services and establishment of effective competition in the domestic market; increase and diversification of employment; achievement of an effective fiscal return on business development while maintaining favorable conditions for its development. The general goals of entrepreneurship management include the process of forming a strategy for activity and development and adaptation of business processes of enterprise. It is noted that decision-making by entrepreneurs in conditions of uncertainty should be based on the study of its theoretical foundations, where it is considered in several types: when the results of activities are known and it is possible to predict them; when the results are known, but the probability of them cannot be estimated; when the results are not known and it is not possible to estimate the probability of their occurrence. For the purpose of effective management of the business structure, it is expedient to classify uncertainty by the following types: by methods of determining the probability of occurrence of cases and by the object of uncertainty. Among the main tasks of entrepreneurship management, reducing the likelihood of adverse events and avoiding negative consequences and risks, including strategic ones, are allocated, since the development and implementation of strategic management decisions are the basis for ensuring sustainable development of entrepreneurial entities. It is noted that changes in the institutional environment have an impact on the dynamics of uncertainty. In order to improve business conditions, informal and formal institutions must be aligned, which is a transformation of uncertainty. Directions for the development of entrepreneurial structures have been identified, which should coordinate their actions with the State structures to form an institutional environment. Among such areas, the following are highlighted: creation of commodity exchanges and wholesale markets for products of local producers; formation of market infrastructure of scientific and innovative activities; orientation of commercial banks to the real sector; creation of consulting and leasing firms; development of the stock market, including the formation of the corporate securities market; formation of logistics centers.

GRANT FINANCING OF THE USAID PROGRAM "COMPETITIVE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE" FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR

The article examines the main grants of the USAID Program "Competitive Economy of Ukraine" for organizations for the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine during the war. The goals and specifics of two grant competitions announced by the grantor in 2

Problems and prospects of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine during the state of war

Problems and prospects of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine during the state of war

PEST-FACTORS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE: HELICOPTER VIEW

The article presents the results of the study of PEST-factors of social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine. The aim was to identify their current and projected impact in order to develop an action strategy. The systematization of the processed sources testified to the accumulation in recent years of significant information on social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine. However, the problem of discrepancy between the amount of theoretical knowledge and the needs of practice to act in conditions of permanent challenges remains relevant. The study was conducted from August 2020 to May 2021. The methodology of PEST-analysis was used: desk research, expert survey, preparation of a summary table and calculations based on survey results, development of actions for social entrepreneurship development in the upcoming years (within the factors that experts gave the most importance). The results: 1) PEST-factors of social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine are characterized by ambivalence; 2) the most illustrative ambivalent tendencies exist in political and socio-cultural groups of factors (risks of socio-economic and political instability border on the possibilities of institutional capacity of civil society organizations and decentralization); 3) the main challenges are grouped in a group of economic factors (dependence on international donors, insufficient budget funding, low competitiveness, etc.); 4) there exist an imbalance in the group of technological factors (the use of online resources received the most weight among all the factors proposed for evaluation in the format of PEST-analysis, whereas lack of necessary equipment, premises received the lowest); 5) experts predict the strengthening of the influence of the following factors in the nearest future: strengthening of the institutional capacity of civil society organizations, decentralization of power in the framework of administrative refor, use of online resources; 6) no changes are expected in terms of the impact of the following factors: socio-economic and political instability, dissemination of social problems, insufficient understanding of the concept of social entrepreneurship, legislative irregularities, dependence on international sources of funding, lack of strong teams, development strategies, financial and marketing plans, and lack of social entrepreneurship evaluation tools; 7) none of the studied factors is noted by experts as one that will not cease to exist in the future. The authors attribute the actions for the further development of social entrepreneurship mainly to the possibilities of decentralization. The obtained results can be useful for the development of SE development strategies at the regional level and the application of the PEST analysis methodology in further monitoring studies.

DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR EFFECTIVE SELECTION OF EQUIPMENT FOR TOURISM AND HOTEL AND RESTAURANT BUSINESS

Tourism and hotel restaurant business is a promising area of entrepreneurship development in Ukraine. One of the main tasks of its successful management remains the rational selection of equipment and energy-efficient technologies, which allow entrepreneurs to open up new opportunities for attracting customers, which can subsequently cause a new push for the development of this business in Ukraine. The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the fact that the hotel and restaurant business is one of the branches of the food industry, in which the requirements for the quality of services and products are extremely high. This determines the high quality of the necessary equipment, which in turn leads to an increased financial burden on this business. The modern equipment market offers consumers a wide range of restaurant equipment of different price categories and quality. When choosing equipment for the hotel and restaurant business, it is necessary to take into account the quality and guarantees offered by the manufacturer; price, country of manufacture. To effectively solve this problem, the business owner needs to attract highly qualified specialists from this field, which entails additional costs, or try to solve this problem on his own. The purpose of the article is the formation of generalized recommendations on the use of equipment selection methods for the hotel and restaurant business based on the criterion of energy efficiency and competitiveness. The article reviews the problem of choosing the necessary equipment for the hotel and restaurant business, considers the main types of equipment used and its technological indicators, and defines the main economic indicators that should be taken into account for its effective selection.

ФІНАНСОВІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ПІДТРИМКИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ В УКРАЇНІ

The Russian invasion is taking a severe economic and humanitarian toll, reflected in fiscal financing pressures, disruptions to trade, the displacement of millions, and heavy infrastructure damage with potentially long-lasting macroeconomic and social repercussions. A 45 percent GDP contraction is anticipated in 2022 and a weak recovery thereafter. Depending on the war’s duration, the share of the population living below the actual Subsistence Minimum may reach 70 percent in 2022. The article examines the peculiarities of the formation and functioning of financial instruments to support business in the conditions of the war in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the optimal directions for improving the quality of financial instruments supporting entrepreneurship at the state level in accordance with the transformational changes that are taking place in Ukrainian society at the current stage of its functioning. To achieve this goal, the methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the work, which were used in the study of the current state of use of financial levers to stimulate the industry. The article substantiates directions for improving the financial regulation of the development of entrepreneurship at the state level, taking into account their needs under martial law. It is established that the financial stability of industrial enterprises is an equilibrium state, in which the industrial complex is able to form financial resources in sufficient quantities and ensure socio-economic development, to respond quickly to changes in market conditions. The main reasons that restrain the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine in the conditions of war and the possibilities of overcoming them in the conditions of post-war reconstruction are analyzed. Direct and indirect directions of state regulation, based on which entrepreneurs will be able to attract financial resources for their development are characterized. The scope of the research results is the system of industrial management at the level of the state and regions, which can contribute to the economic development and functioning of the state at the modern level.

Проблеми та перспективи повоєнного розвитку підприємств сфери життєзабезпечення міст з урахуванням підприємницької складової

The publication defines the components of a characterization of the life provision system, its importance and impact on the quality of life of the population, the level of socioeconomic development of cities, regions, and the country. The essence of the sphere of urban life provision and its components, within terms of which subjects of various forms of ownership, size and types of economic activity operate, are characterized. The components of the characterization of the life provision system as a subject of research reflect various contradictions of its functioning: it is an object of both spatial economy (regional structure and scales) and industry specifics (multifunctional complex – housing, transport, water supply, etc.), which provides services to the population and enterprises. Thus, life provision enterprises operate according to special technologies inherent in each individual industry (water supply – physicochemical processes; energy and heat supply – heat generation, heat exchange, transportation technologies; residential sector – repair, construction, plumbing works, etc.). Urban economic systems work to maintain the lives of residents at a quality level. These systems represent a large, diversified and extensive infrastructure of institutions and enterprises. It is determined that the sphere of urban life provision is provided by the activities of enterprises of various forms of ownership, operating according to different types of economic activity. Their activities, as well as the activities of other economic entities, are influenced by russia’s military actions on the territory of Ukraine, which caused challenges that entrepreneurs of the world have not faced yet. It is proved that enterprises in the sphere of urban life provision expect post-war transformations, which will be expressed in the refusal of people to use centralized services of electricity, gas, heat, water supply, that is, there will be an increase in the level of individualization. As a result of the carried out analysis, the problems faced by life provision enterprises are identified. The directions of post-war transformation of the components of the sphere of urban life provision and their effects regarding the quality of life of the population and the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine are substantiated.

Problems and trends in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine

The article deals with entrepreneurship as one of the main spheres of the national economy and an important component of its competitiveness. The role of domestic entrepreneurship in the structural reorganization of the economy is determined. It is determined in the irreversibility of Ukraine’s entry into the European economic system. The article analyzes the opinions of financial experts on the unpreparedness of Western banks and companies to lend to Ukrainian businesses in the context of the ongoing economic crisis and military operations. The article considers and suggests that small and medium-sized business owners use modern sources of financing for their business projects, such as franchising and crowdfunding. The author defines the essence and real content of domestic entrepreneurship and its compliance with modern civilization standards. Entrepreneurship is considered in terms of its participation in the formation of political and economic relations in the country, in the search for effective legal mechanisms to ensure the comprehensive development of small and medium-sized businesses. The author establishes the connection between entrepreneurship and the increase in the number of owners of resources and means of production. This gave impetus to the corresponding formation of the middle class in society, which is the key to political and economic stability in any democratic country. Social and societal processes and their impact on the formation of small and medium-sized businesses are outlined. The influence of business on these processes is considered from the point of view of business as a social phenomenon. Amendments and additions to some laws regulating the activities of small and medium-sized enterprises are reviewed. The main directions of development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine at the present stage are determined. It is determined that the development of domestic small and medium-sized businesses is in line with global trends in the formation of a flexible market economy and a combination of both different forms of ownership and different business models.

Протидія шахрайству в умовах війни

In consequence of the hostilities in Ukraine, business was forced to take measures to optimize business processes. This situation is not only a threat to the country's economy and business, but also creates additional opportunities for corporate fraud. The aim of the article is to study the impact of economic crimes and fraud on the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The information base of the research is official information and scientific publications. The research was conducted using the following methods: monographic; analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction; system analysis; classification and analytical; graphic. The article stipulates that the prevention of fraud and other economic crimes is a complex task that is further complicated by the modern unstable landscape of military-economic risks. After all, organizations act quickly, trying to adapt to changes with minimal losses for business, while fraudsters are trying to use potentially growing risks. Several actions are proposed to help fill in the lacunas in the system of overcoming economic fraud, namely: preliminary formation of a potential risk management system; availability of backup technology with management, knowledge, and monitoring; availability of operational ability to enhance, sort, and respond to risks. Unfortunately, even those who have invested in anti-fraud technology have expressed concerns about its best deployment, referring to significant costs as the biggest obstacle to the introduction of preventive technologies. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the global economic space and its relentless challenges regularly create new opportunities for fraud. Unfortunately, businesses need more time to adapt to market changes than fraudsters need to take advantage of the change in a timely manner. As the average financial impact of fraud increases worldwide, the ability to respond effectively is becoming increasingly important.

DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the functioning of entrepreneurship institutes with fundamentally new tasks in the conditions of European integration of Ukraine and to develop conceptual proposals for supporting and improving the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine in the conditions of European integration. Methodology. In the process of solving the tasks of scientific research, general scientific and special research methods were applied: descriptive-analytical method, systematic approach, method of analysis and synthesis, method of systematization, graphic method, method of dynamic series and structural analysis, method of cost analysis, method of comparison, method of average points evaluations, the method of scientific generalization. The results. Today, the development of entrepreneurship is one of the most important factors in the socio-economic growth of Ukraine. The effective development of entrepreneurship creates a competitive environment for business entities of various types of economic activity for the development of which there are favorable conditions and a sufficient scale of resource potential, the interest of foreign and domestic investors. At the same time, the successful activity of entrepreneurship solves a number of important tasks, in particular, contributes to the replenishment of the budget, saturation of the consumer market with goods and services, creates new jobs, increases the employment of the population, while reducing the unemployment rate. Practical implications. The process from the beginning of entrepreneurial activity to its termination is related to decision-making. The desire to open one's own business, as a rule, is accompanied by the hope of the future entrepreneur to succeed, while the factors of the external environment play a key role, influencing the future entrepreneur's decision. Over time, the result of the action of these factors, combined with the results of the action of the factors of the internal environment, may lead to the entrepreneur's decision to stop entrepreneurial activity due to the fact that his expectations were not met. In addition, one of the most important problems of managing a small enterprise is the lack of specialists in certain specialties, for example, marketers, financiers, programmers, etc. This is due to the fact that small businesses often cannot afford to keep such specialists. Outsourcing can be a rational way out of this situation. At the same time, the choice of the country's economic development strategy significantly affects the development of enterprises. Based on the global practice of the production sphere, a smart strategy makes it possible to create a "flexible" high-tech industrial production, where business can easily adapt, in addition, this approach will lead to sustainable economic growth, which is able to provide and promptly respond to any challenges of the globalized world economy. Today, European integration opens up great opportunities for domestic enterprises to expand foreign economic activity. When determining one or another vector of foreign policy, domestic enterprises need to assess the prospects of other global competitors. Value/originality. Stimulating the development of entrepreneurship reduces the problems of their functioning and ensures rapid integration into the European Community and highly developed economies of the EU countries. A reduction in the tax burden on small business entities is possible due to the reduction of total payroll charges, the introduction of lower income tax rates, and the exemption of small business entities from paying income tax during the first years of existence. Also, an important element of the state support system for small businesses is information and consulting services, within the framework of which assistance should be provided with problems of the formation and functioning of small enterprises.

Innovative potential and development of Ukrainian small enterpris-es during the war (2022-2023)

The purpose of the article is to study the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine during the war, taking into ac-count the need to implement innovative solutions. This necessity is caused by the uncertain environment of the full-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, from the terrorist acts of which civilian infrastructure and civilians suffer. The uncertainty of the environment in the conditions of hostilities makes it impossible to plan the long-term and medium-term development of entrepreneurship. That is why the article considers the essence and struc-ture of entrepreneurial innovations for the effective organization of activities in the conditions of hostilities. For the development of innovative entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine, according to the authors of the article, special investment conditions should be created. This issue takes on particular importance in 2022-2023, when the country's economy has shifted to a war footing. The article states that small business should become the main engine of wartime and post-war period. Studying the experience of developed countries, analyzing the structure of their economies, the authors pro-pose to create special business conditions for the development of small and micro entrepreneurship.

FORMATION OF PROCESSES OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

Purpose. To de fine the role of the state in small business activity in crisis conditions, directions of support of small and medium enterprises. Summa rise the important factors that in flounce small business activity in the crisis. To of for up date dmanagementtoolsonimprovementofstrategicmanagementprocessesinenterprises, namely: "Reengineering processes", implementation of which will ensure their innovative development. Method. The methodological basis of the scientific research, on the issue of formation of processes of state mismanagement of small business enterprises in crisis conditions, are government documents, material soft the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, materials of the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine, etc. the authors propose to introduce in to the activity of enterprises in the modern crisis conditions "Reengineering processes" and note the most important ones. Results. There search on this topic included research by authors of a number of normative and legal documents regulating small enterprises, the state of small business and entrepreneur ship development in Ukraine, as well a indicators of Ukraine in the "Index of SME Policy: Eastern Partnership countries 2020". Scientific novelty. The authors believe that small business enterprises in Ukraine, which operate in crisis conditions, for more dynamic growth, should periodically analyze strategic plans, make generalizing conclusions in accordance with market conditions and implement "reengineering processes". Practical significance. Introduction of "Reengineering processes" intheconditionsofcrisisintotheactivityofenterprisescreatesnewopportunitiesforthem, namely: It is easier to adapt to negative influences, to optimize the activity of enterprises, to prevent possible future losses, to provide higher level of economic development, etc.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

Goal. The purpose of the article is to highlight trends and analyze the factors of economic development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. Method. To achieve this goal, the article used general scientific methods of formal logic, which allow establishment of the factors of negative impact on the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The method of dialectics is used in the work, in particular the method of scientific abstraction, which allows to identify the level of human capital development with the level of entrepreneurship, the impact of the level of economic innovation on business development. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the analysis of the state of business development in Ukraine. Results. The results of the study suggest that the subjects of large, medium and small enterprises have a large production and powerful human resources. Entrepreneurship development needs comprehensive support at both the state and regional levels to address structural imbalances. An analysis of the number of employees in large, medium, small and micro enterprises in Ukraine. The dynamics of products produced by large, medium, small and micro enterprises in Ukraine was analyzed. Labor productivity by subjects of large, medium, small and micro-entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine is analyzed. An analytical study found out that recently, businesses are developing at a slower pace, due to objective and subjective factors. Strategic directions of development of business of Ukraine are formed. Scientific novelty. Exploring the development potential of business entities allows you to build activities through the introduction of legislative innovations and comprehensive support for entrepreneurship at all levels of government. Practical significance. The practical significance of the study is to determine the negative effects of the external environment on the state of entrepreneurship

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

Goal. The purpose of the article is to highlight trends and analyze the factors of economic development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. Method. To achieve this goal, the article used general scientific methods of formal logic, which allow establishment of the factors of negative impact on the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The method of dialectics is used in the work, in particular the method of scientific abstraction, which allows to identify the level of human capital development with the level of entrepreneurship, the impact of the level of economic innovation on business development. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the analysis of the state of business development in Ukraine. Results. The results of the study suggest that the subjects of large, medium and small enterprises have a large production and powerful human resources. Entrepreneurship development needs comprehensive support at both the state and regional levels to address structural imbalances. An analysis of the number of employees in large, medium, small and micro enterprises in Ukraine. The dynamics of products produced by large, medium, small and micro enterprises in Ukraine was analyzed. Labor productivity by subjects of large, medium, small and micro-entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine is analyzed. An analytical study found out that recently, businesses are developing at a slower pace, due to objective and subjective factors. Strategic directions of development of business of Ukraine are formed. Scientific novelty. Exploring the development potential of business entities allows you to build activities through the introduction of legislative innovations and comprehensive support for entrepreneurship at all levels of government. Practical significance. The practical significance of the study is to determine the negative effects of the external environment on the state of entrepreneurship

Financial support of development and tools of financial support of social entrepreneurship

The purpose of scientific research is to analyze the process of financial support and to outline the tools of financial support for its development in modern conditions. The article considers the concept of social entrepreneurship as a phenomenon of the modern economic system of Ukraine. The point is that social entrepreneurship aims to ensure social, economic and environmental impact in communities. Social entrepreneurship must also solve social problems through a certain mechanism of economic activity, which is determined by innovation and systematic work. The methodological basis of the study is the theoretical justification of financial support for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine and analysis of the tools of its financial support. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the substantiation of the necessary measures of financial support in the activities and development of social entrepreneurship with outlining the effect of the use of financial resources at the regional level. Conclusions. The study found that in the context of permanent crises that occur in the country, it is necessary to take care of diversification of sources of financial support for the development of activities and the choice of effective tools for raising and regulating funds in social entrepreneurship. Successful financing of social enterprises in the state should result in employment (especially vulnerable categories of citizens) and ensuring quality social benefits in communitiesThe authors point out that the low level of protection of citizens in the social sense and regional unemployment are for the constant search for alternative sources of financing for social enterprises and the search for the latest tools for managing funds. The issue of financing social entrepreneurship by governmental and non-governmental organizations has been studied of Ukraine. The factor of influence of organizational and legal form of conducting economic activity on the process of financing and mechanisms of its realization is analyzed. Problems that slow down the development of social entrepreneurship in the country and prevent the effective use of available funds and alternative search for new ones are presented. Possible ways to finance social entrepreneurship are provided, shown by the example of crowdfunding crowdfunding is a non-refundable investment in the activities of social entrepreneurs. The effect of financing social entrepreneurship on filling the budgets of different levels is outlined. The optimal OPF of management and methods of financial development in the pre-crisis and post-crisis period are offered. Key words: social entrepreneurship, traditional business, financial provision, financial instruments, state support.

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ

The article analyzes entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The number of small and medium-sized business entities is more than 99.9% of all entities, but their contribution to the country's economy is much less than that of large business entities. A significant number of enterprises in Ukraine receive losses (34.8%) and the most unprofitable are small enterprises, including micro-enterprises. Among the enterprises that suffered the most losses in 2020 are enterprises operating in the areas of temporary accommodation and catering, arts, sports, entertainment and recreation, real estate transactions, transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities. The main reason for this result is a pandemic COVID-19. However, some businesses have been less vulnerable: the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, the information technology industries, the financial and healthcare industries. Analysis of the number of small and medium enterprises in Ukraine according to economic activity showed that small business is mainly in the service sector, which requires fast investment, does not require significant investment, has the ability to optimize taxation and it is relatively easy to start a business. The regional distribution of entrepreneurship in Ukraine is uneven; the reasons for its unevenness are historical development and urbanization. The problems hindering the development of entrepreneurship are: the consequences of a pandemic, an unfavorable investment climate, the problem of complexity and uncertainty of legislation, corruption, the lack of a strategy for the development of enterprises in the real sector of the economy (especially industry), the complexity of tax administration, insufficient state support for entrepreneurship, low competition and monopolization of markets, low demand for products, lack of funds for doing business and poor availability of highly qualified personnel. The role of the state is dominant in solving problems. Recommendations for solving problems will help in the successful development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine.

Financial mechanisms of state support for innovative development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine

Financial mechanisms of state support for innovative development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine