Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy Research Articles

From unemployment to self-employment: what does it mean for an individual's satisfaction and economic self-sufficiency?

PurposeThis research extends the knowledge on the less-frequently explored outcomes of entrepreneurial endeavour. The study provides unique insights into the overall satisfaction of entrepreneurs with their life, job and financial situation, as well as perceived economic self-sufficiency and income. The obtained findings represent a specific group of Czech self-employed individuals who started their businesses while unemployed, with the help of public financial assistance.Design/methodology/approachThe presented contribution is based on a primary survey among those individuals (N = 128), conducted in 2022 and triangulated by insights from informal interviews with the respondents and earlier empirical evidence.FindingsThe main findings document that most of the surveyed entrepreneurs are overall satisfied with their lives and jobs, their incomes are above the minimum wage and, despite the challenges faced, they mainly benefit from autonomy associated with this career choice. The multivariate ordered logistic regression results highlight the significance of several previously identified variables, such as gender, health status, formal education, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and family situation, that influence the studied outcomes and provide opportunities and challenges for ongoing research.Originality/valueThe conducted study acknowledges the need to consider the whole picture of entrepreneurship success. Therefore, it provided insights into the monetary and non-monetary outcomes of the specific type of entrepreneurship.

Extending the mediation role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on enhancing students’ entrepreneurial intentions: A moderated mediation model

Entrepreneurship education provided by higher education institutions is essential in equipping students with the required abilities to initiate and develop successful businesses. However, existing literature on its contribution has yielded inconclusive results. This study explores the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in enhancing the entrepreneurial intentions of business students, while adopting a moderated mediation analysis with entrepreneurship education as the predicting variable and the entrepreneurial environment as the moderating variable. Data was collected from 271 business undergraduates in Tanzania, and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results revealed that entrepreneurial self-efficacy is a significant mediator in the influence of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, the study identified the moderation role of the entrepreneurial environment in the indirect effect of entrepreneurship education on enhancing entrepreneurial intentions with entrepreneurial self-efficacy as a mediator. Therefore, the study recommends that higher education institutions empower students with entrepreneurial self-efficacy to promote entrepreneurial intentions, while also creating environments conducive to entrepreneurship that support these intentions. Finally, the study discussed limitations and suggested future research directions.

ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY DRIVES AND AMPLIFIES PERCEIVED OPPORTUNITY TOWARDS THE ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF ULOS WEAVERS GENERATION

The basic problem of family business succession planning is whether the generation intends to continue the family business, so this study aims to examine the intention of generations to continue their family's ulos weaving business based on the planned behavior theory (Ajzen, 1991). The Purposive Random Sampling method was selected and obtained as many as 131 generations of ulos weavers aged at least 15 years in North Tapanuli Regency who were collected using the snowball technique. Data analysis used the Structural Equation Model with the Lisrel program. The findings of this study indicate that entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) plays a role in encouraging perceived opportunity (PO) towards entrepreneurial intention (EI). However, the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (interaction with PO to become ESEXPO) cannot strengthen PO towards EI. Gender effect testing found that women's EI was higher than men's because it was related to weaving skills. The weakness of this study is the cross-sectional time dimension so the implications for future research are the longitudinal time dimension, especially for testing moderation as well as in different contexts for testing the role of moderation or results that are inconsistent with a combination of theories so as to find novelty. In addition, other predictors and controls need to be added to enrich research in the field of family entrepreneurship. The implication for family business actors is to have a succession plan long before being 'forced' or as early as possible so that entrepreneurial self-efficacy and perceived opportunity arise, as well as other factors (internal and external) that are needed by the next generation of family businesses.

Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: Do entrepreneurial self-efficacy, alertness and opportunity recognition matter?

While the existing literature generally suggests a positive relationship between entrepreneurship education (EE) and entrepreneurial intentions (EIs), the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. Against this background and drawing on social cognitive career theory, this study explores the serial mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, alertness, and opportunity recognition on the relationship between EE and EIs. The study adopted a one-group pretest-posttest (quasi-experimental) research design. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data from 254 business management students in three polytechnics in Nigeria. The study performed a repeated-measures t-test and a serial mediation analysis. The findings show that EE significantly improves students' entrepreneurial self-efficacy, alertness, opportunity recognition, and intentions. The results also indicate that entrepreneurial self-efficacy, alertness, and opportunity recognition positively impact EIs. Further analysis reveals that entrepreneurial self-efficacy, alertness, and opportunity recognition individually and serially mediate the relationship between EE and EIs. The study concludes that entrepreneurial self-efficacy, alertness, and opportunity recognition are mechanisms through which EE positively affects EIs. The study contributes to a better understanding of the role of EE in the development of EIs, and its findings have implications for policymakers and higher education institutions.

Nexus between entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation, and entrepreneurial intention: a moderated mediation model

Nexus between entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial motivation, and entrepreneurial intention: a moderated mediation model

Effectiveness of an interactive start-up simulation to foster entrepreneurial intentions among undergraduate university students: a quasi-experimental study

Higher education institutions play an essential role in promoting entrepreneurial intentions through entrepreneurial education. However, the effectiveness of such approaches and factors that stimulate entrepreneurial intentions among university students remains uncertain. The current study investigates the impact of an online-based entrepreneurial simulation game, so-called intervention, on entrepreneurial intentions among students. Seventy-five students enrolled in universities in Germany, Ghana, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, and Russia are grouped into treatment and controlled sets. Using a pre- and post-intervention survey and principal component analysis, the ordinal regression results found that entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, personality traits, and social environment directly influence entrepreneurial intention. In addition, regression results on these causal variables provide insight into factors that indirectly influence entrepreneurial intention. Considering the nonparametric nature of the data for intervention assessment, the Wilcoxon sign-rank test results indicate that the entrepreneurial simulation did not have a direct impact on entrepreneurial intention. However, the teaching intervention was effective in improving other vital factors that influence entrepreneurial intentions as the self-perceived likelihood of students to start their own business after graduation, level of risk tolerance, entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, exposure to business economics courses, and adeptness to entrepreneurial tasks. Moreover, nonparametric tests such as the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests revealed significant differences between respondents on these direct and indirect factors that prompt entrepreneurial intentions. Our findings provide valuable implications for improving the design and effectiveness of future entrepreneurial education programs.

BUILDING SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY IN AN EMERGING ECONOMY: THE ROLE OF EDUCATION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPERIENCE

With the increasing number of social problems for which governments do not have solutions, especially in emerging economies, there have been ever louder calls for establishing social enterprises that will help address these problems. Social entrepreneurial intention increases when individuals have a high level of social entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SESE). The literature suggests that SESE is domain-specific and can be enhanced only through education and experience related to social entrepreneurship. Building upon the social cognitive theory, this study argues that SESE can be improved through general factors such as education level and entrepreneurial experience. Through an online survey involving 241 general individuals, this study finds support for the social cognitive theory, which states that educational level increases SESE and subsequently increases social entrepreneurial intention. This relationship is substantiated for individuals who have prior entrepreneurial experience but not for individuals with no entrepreneurial experience. The results of this study highlight the importance of education in promoting social entrepreneurial intention. In addition, the curricula at all educational levels should encourage students to gain entrepreneurial experience such as by developing business projects or initiating a business.

Cognitive flexibility and entrepreneurial creativity: the chain mediating effect of entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial self-efficacy

Entrepreneurial creativity is an important part of entrepreneurs’ competency structure, and studies have been conducted to explore its impact on outcome variables like entrepreneurial performance, etc., but there are fewer studies on its antecedent variables at the individual level. In the relational model of entrepreneurial creativity, cognitive flexibility, entrepreneurial alertness, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy are included to construct a mediated use spss26.0 model, and data are collected from a research sample of 325 entrepreneurs for empirical analysis. The results indicate that: cognitive flexibility has a positive effect on entrepreneurial creativity; entrepreneurial alertness plays an independent mediating role between cognitive flexibility and entrepreneurial creativity, which is similar to how entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays the role between cognitive flexibility and creativity; entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial self-efficacy then play a chain mediating role between cognitive flexibility and creativity. These findings reveal that three variables jointly influence entrepreneurial creativity, providing new theoretical and practical insights for understanding and enhancing entrepreneurial creativity. In addition, the study provides valuable guidance for entrepreneurship education and training, which can help entrepreneurs to better utilize their creativity and thus promote innovation and success in entrepreneurial activities.

실버파티쉐의 성공적인 제2의 인생: 잡크래프팅, 창업효능감, 창업만족, 사업지속의도 간의 관계를 중심으로

실버파티쉐의 성공적인 제2의 인생: 잡크래프팅, 창업효능감, 창업만족, 사업지속의도 간의 관계를 중심으로

Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention of Clinical Nurses in Korea: A Cross-sectional Study

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention of clinical nurses.Methods: The study subjects were 173 nurses working at the advanced general hospital located in G city. Data collection was conducted from May 18th to June 3rd, 2022. Data analysis were analyzed using percentage, mean and standard deviation, independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS 25.0.Results: Entrepreneurial intention had a significant positive correlation with attitude toward entrepreneurship, subjective norm toward entrepreneurship, perceived behavior control toward entrepreneurship, innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking incentives and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. As a result of a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, gender (β= 0.09, <i>p</i>= 0.046), turnover intention (β= 0.01, <i>p</i>= 0.016), attitude toward entrepreneurship (β= 0.51, <i>p</i>< 0.001), and proactiveness (β= 0.16, <i>p</i>< 0.016) were found to significantly influence entrepreneurial intention of clinical nurses. The explanatory power of the model was 70.5% (F = 35.87, <i>p</i>< 0.001).Conclusions: Entrepreneurship for nurses can broaden the range of career options available to nurses, and it can be a way to broaden their practice experience and provide a work-life balance. It is necessary to devise measures to activate nursing entrepreneurship based on the results of this study.

The Factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions amongst sport management students

ABSTRACT
 Background
 Given the size of the sports industry in relation to the global economy, more research is focusing on how to identify entrepreneurial opportunities in sports.
 Purpose 
 This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions amongst sport management students at a South African university.
 Method 
 Structured interviews were used to gather information from 10 undergraduate sport management students for the qualitative, explanatory study. Using ATLAS.ti and thematic analyses, the collected data were examined.
 Results 
 The following themes emerged from the study; namely, personality traits, attitudes towards entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perceived university support, perceived structural support, and subjective norms. The results of this study indicate that sport management students have a favourable attitude towards entrepreneurship, which is influenced by their family and friends - and by their own sense of their own ability to succeed in business.
 Conclusion 
 Universities should consider incorporating entrepreneurship into their sport management curriculum design and teaching methods to enhance students' entrepreneurial mindset and self-efficacy.
 Contribution
 This study contributes to the discussion around developing attitudes and intentions toward entrepreneurship as a livelihood option for sport management students.
 Keywords: entrepreneurial intention, sport management, sport entrepreneurship

Green Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and Environmental Performance of SMEs: Mediating and Moderating Role of Green Innovation and Green Purchase Behaviour

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigates how green entrepreneurial self-efficacy (GESE) influences environmental performance (EP) in the Gauteng province: the mediating and moderating role of green innovation (GI) and green purchase behaviour (GPB).
 Design/methodology/approach: The study followed the quantitative research design and a self-administered questionnaire was employed during the data collection process. Data was collected from one hundred ninety-five SME owners in a cross-sectional survey. The participants of this study were in the retail, service and manufacturing sectors. The data was analysed using SmartPLS 4.0.
 Findings: The empirical findings of this study show that there is a significant positive relationship between GESE and the EP of SMEs. The study further shows that the relationship between GESE and EP is partially mediated by GI and the relationship is also moderated by GPB at an average weight.
 Research limitations/implications: The study has the following limitations and suggests some new study areas. First, the cross-sectional nature of the survey limits the ability to separate cause-and-effect relationships, and a longitudinal study will help to improve the results. Second, the survey was done on firms in one industry and one country. To improve the generalisability of the findings, further studies can include other industries in other countries.
 Originality/value: This paper fills a gap in the literature by exploring external business variables mediating and moderating the relationship between GESE and EP and contributes to the discussion on the contradictory results regarding the relationship between GESE and EP.

Does vicarious entrepreneurial failure induce or discourage one's entrepreneurial intent? A mediated model of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and identity aspiration

Purpose Given that 45% of new businesses fail in their first five years (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020), individuals often observe others' entrepreneurial failures (EFs) in their vicinity. The purpose of this paper is to review the effects of vicarious EFs on individuals by proposing both entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial identity aspiration as mediators, which are widely studied proximal antecedents of entrepreneurial intent.Design/methodology/approach Using structural equation modeling, the authors empirically test survey data collected from 10,020 college students across 46 colleges or universities in Brazil. The hypothesized model examines the mediating effects of vicarious EFs on individuals' entrepreneurial intent via entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial identity aspiration.Findings The findings confirm that vicarious EFs negatively affect one's entrepreneurial self-efficacy and that entrepreneurial self-efficacy mediates the effect of vicarious EFs on one's entrepreneurial intent. On the other hand, vicarious EFs positively affect one's entrepreneurial identity aspiration, and entrepreneurial identity aspiration mediates the effect of vicarious failures on entrepreneurial intent.Originality/value The entrepreneurship literature focuses mainly on the consequences of EF on those entrepreneurs who have experienced failure. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how that failure impacts others in its vicinity. This study provides new insight into the effects of vicarious EFs in facilitating individuals' entrepreneurial intent and presents theoretical and practical implications to promote greater levels of entrepreneurial intent in individuals.

An Analysis of Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy among Indian and Taiwanese University Students

An Analysis of Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy among Indian and Taiwanese University Students

Perceived behavioral traits as key determinants of entrepreneurial intention in higher education institutions

This article examines how a business school's environment encourages the formation of entrepreneurial intentions among its students. Building on insights from the theory of planned behaviour and the business event model, a structural equation model was applied on a sample of 283 Costa Rican university students. The main results of the study suggest that the entrepreneurial training provided by the business school contributes to improve students' entrepreneurial intentions. However, this effect develops through an indirect mechanism: that is, entrepreneurial training positively influences students’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship which, in turn, impact students’ perception on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The proposed model rooted in cognitive frameworks allows business schools, and higher education institutions in general, to measure and evaluate the effectiveness of their entrepreneurial training programs in promoting entrepreneurial intentions.

Family firm entrepreneurship: An experimental study

ABSTRACT Family managers’ entrepreneurial intentions (EI) play a crucial role in the long-term success of family firms. Previous research has highlighted education as a key driver of EI but has failed to consider the unique socialization processes within business families and their impact on the education-EI relationship. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the direct and indirect effects of education on family managers’ EI. By combining the integrated model of EI and research on business families’ socialization patterns, a study was conducted with a role-playing experimental design involving 412 family firm managers. The results indicate that entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) serves as a mediator between education and EI, while the ESE-EI relationship is further mediated by risk perceptions. Interestingly, no direct effect of education on EI was found, suggesting that the influence of education on EI follows distinct patterns within business families.

Is more always better with respect to entrepreneurial self-efficacy? An experimental investigation

Is more always better with respect to entrepreneurial self-efficacy? An experimental investigation

The Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy between Business Incubator Funding and Business Success: A Conceptual Paper

Business incubation plays a crucial role in sustaining business success in both emerging and developing countries. Business incubators help businesses in developing countries effectively use innovation to reduce poverty and sustain social and economic development and growth. This conceptual paper focuses on the effect of funding in business incubator practices on business success in the context of Palestine. Additionally, this study strives to establish the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on the relationship between funding and business success. This study will apply a quantitative approach to collect data from businesses in Palestine. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) method will be used to analyze the data. This study adopted a resource-based view (RBV), which claims that resources, skills, and capabilities are valuable tangible and intangible resources that lead to business success. If empirically supported, the proposed framework may provide effective assistance for business incubators, entrepreneurs, business owners, and managers in developing countries such as Palestine. Therefore, the results of this study will help provide academic research, future research, government, and related agencies with guiding principles and information.

The mediating effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and start-up readiness

sIn Nigeria, there is a growing concern that graduates from science and engineering fields are not ready for entrepreneurship due to low business creation among young individuals. Another perspective suggests that entrepreneurship curriculum only prepares the students to seek for employment rather than become entrepreneurs. Previous studies have revealed that there are several cognitive factors responsible for readiness to start a business other than entrepreneurship education. The purpose of this study is to determine social cognitive factors that can stimulate start-up readiness. Thus, this study examined the mediating effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and start-up readiness. Three dimensions of entrepreneurship education and four dimensions of ESE were examined as determinants of start-up readiness using survey research approach. Data from 289 exit-level students from three Technical Vocational Education and Technology (TVET) colleges were analysed using SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 4 software. Entrepreneurship education (in terms of technical skills and business management skills) shows partial support for ESE (in terms of searching, planning, and implementing). However, entrepreneurship education (in terms of personal skills) only shows support for ESE (in terms of marshalling). The results of the mediation analysis suggest that ESE (in terms of searching, planning, and implementing) partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurship education and start-up readiness, while ESE marshalling failed to mediate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and start-up readiness. This study also revealed that apart from ESE marshalling, all components of ESE have a direct and significant relationship with start-up readiness. Another contribution of this study indicates that personal entrepreneurial skills are required antecedent for enhancing business resources gathering skills towards start-up readiness among young individuals in Nigeria. The study suggests fostering entrepreneurial mindset via simulation-based techniques, role playing, and mentoring with practical translations.

Exploring the Growth and Future Research Direction of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy in Entrepreneurial Intention Research: a Bibliometric Analysis

Exploring the Growth and Future Research Direction of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy in Entrepreneurial Intention Research: a Bibliometric Analysis