Entrepreneurial Environment Research Articles

Medical microbiological diagnosis of sports-accidental infections: promoting global peace, quality health, and entrepreneurship; through One Health approach

Most diseases acquired from sporting activities are accidental and often influenced by environmental factors. Neglecting the environment in disease prevention is counterproductive. This was evident during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic when many sporting activities were halted. Medical laboratory diagnostics, particularly microbiological techniques, detect infectious agents and help contain diseases, thereby fostering a healthy environment for entrepreneurship. Using a One Health approach, this review highlights the dual role of sporting activities in promoting healthy living and facilitating the spread of pathogens. Although sports are widely recognized for enhancing health, the link between microbiology and sports, and their combined roles in promoting global peace, quality health, and entrepreneurship, is not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, the main objective of this review is to examine the relationship between sports-accidental infections and their impact on global peace, health, and entrepreneurship. This review employs a combination of life experiences, observations, and literature analysis, drawing on both qualitative and quantitative data. The findings reveal various types of sports-accidental infections, including gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin, blood-borne, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative infections. The results indicate that microbial infections significantly impair athletic performance, often necessitating a “return-to-sport” strategy, where athletes must fully recover before resuming sports activities. Sports-accidental infections are also associated with sudden deaths among athletes on the field, negatively affecting health, peace, and entrepreneurship. Microbiology plays a significant role in diagnosing, treating, and managing sports-accidental infections. Through medical laboratory diagnostics, such as microbiological investigations, many pandemics, including COVID-19, have been contained. Identifying infectious agents enables effective preventive measures, helping restore peace and health, and supporting economic activities. The review offers eight recommendations that aim to foster a safer, healthier, and more resilient sports environment, benefitting individual athletes and promoting broader societal goals of health, peace, and economic growth.

ADHD Behavior and Entrepreneurial Behavior: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Intention

The fundamental objective of this research is to study the relationship between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) behavior and entrepreneurial behavior in Tunisian students. Based on the theory of person-environment adjustment (P-E), the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the analysis of data collected from 267 Tunisian students using a self-administered online questionnaire, the results of the present study showed no relationship between ADHD behavior and entrepreneurial action. However, entrepreneurial intention plays a mediating role in this relationship. These results constitute a theoretical contribution to the entrepreneurial field. Similarly, the results of the current study lend further support to the person-environment “P-E” theory, which posits that the functionality of a component of ADHD behavior depends on its fit with the environment. In particular, the uncertain and autonomous entrepreneurial environment could be an attractive career choice for people who display hyperactive/impulsive behavior. As for the theory of planned behavior “TPB,” the results of this study also show that intention is a fundamental antecedent of entrepreneurial behavior. This research has practical implications. Its results can be used by stakeholders in the entrepreneurial ecosystem (teachers, incubators, career coaches,… etc.) to detect future entrepreneurs and absorb the unemployment of Tunisian university graduates.

Entrepreneurial Sustainability: The Impact Mechanism of Opportunity Co-Creation on Entrepreneurial Action in Underdeveloped Regions

The external environment faced by underdeveloped regions is becoming increasingly complex, and the importance of entrepreneurial activities is gradually becoming prominent. To stimulate entrepreneurial vitality in underdeveloped regions, entrepreneurial opportunities are of paramount importance. In the current research on opportunity co-creation and entrepreneurial action, there is often an oversight regarding the liability of newness and the unique characteristics of underdeveloped regions, which has resulted in a lack of specificity in interpreting the underlying mechanisms at play. In this study, based on the perspective of opportunity co-creation, a survey of 330 entrepreneurs is conducted in four underdeveloped regions in China, namely, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Chongqing, in an attempt to clarify the mechanism of opportunity co-creation in entrepreneurial action. The results show that opportunity co-creation not only has a direct positive impact on entrepreneurial action but also exerts an indirect positive effect through the mediating effect of opportunity belief. Additionally, regulatory focus plays a positive moderating role. Our study reveals that entrepreneurs in underdeveloped regions should be strict with their investors and partners to improve their belief in the chances of entrepreneurial success so as to efficiently co-create opportunities. Meanwhile, governments in underdeveloped regions should pay attention to creating a favorable entrepreneurial environment, actively building facilities that are conducive to entrepreneurial activities, and creating more entrepreneurial and employment opportunities to help entrepreneurial activities be carried out smoothly.

Sustainable entrepreneurship: examining stimulus-organism-response to the nexus of environment, education and motivation

PurposeThe multidimensional decision-making framework of sustainable entrepreneurship affects student behavior in higher education institutions. Thus, the sustainable entrepreneurship environment has long attracted scholars and policymakers. Based on “Stimulus Organism Response (SOR),” this study examines serial mediation of sustainable entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial motivation to link sustainable entrepreneurial environment and intentions. Further, it also explored the moderating role of a sustainable entrepreneurial environment.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative study was conducted with a sample of 408 students of Indian higher education institutes in NCR using a purposive sampling technique. Smart PLS-SEM was utilized for assessing the structural model, and a goodness-of-fit assessment was done with Amos 22.FindingsThe findings revealed the significant impact of a sustainable entrepreneurial environment on sustainable entrepreneurial education, motivation and sustainable entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, sustained entrepreneurial education has the most important influence on student motivation and considerable serial mediation. Also, the moderating role of a sustainable entrepreneurial environment was found to be significant for linkages of entrepreneurial motivation and sustainable entrepreneurial education with sustainable entrepreneurial intentions.Practical implicationsThe study will assist HEIs and scholars in understanding the role of sustainability in entrepreneurial courses to increase student intentions to start sustainable businesses.Social implicationsThis study helps policymakers and HEIs understand what motivates students to pursue sustainable entrepreneurship. This research might improve the well-being of education stakeholders and the community in achieving sustainable development goals.Originality/valueThe study is the first to analyze how sustainable entrepreneurial education and motivation serially mediate the link between a sustainable entrepreneurial environment and aspirations to establish a sustainable business and contribute to the existing literature of SOR from a new perspective.

Legal regulation of environmental entrepreneurship: interaction between the state and business

The article explores the important aspects of the development of legal regulation of environmental entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation in the framework of interaction between the state and business. The relevance of the study of legal regulation of ecological entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation is conditioned by the ongoing changes in the sphere of politics, economics, law and ecology. Despite the importance of this form of economic activity for the development of the economy in its crisis state, there is a noticeable shortage of legal norms in the legislation, the subject of regulation of which would be environmental entrepreneurship. The article reveals the basics of state policy in the field of ecology, examines the problems of interaction between business and the state. It is emphasized that the level of development of the sphere of ecology largely determines the process of economic activity, which directly involves natural resources, directly using them as the main means of profit making and often having an indirect negative impact on the natural environment.

Entrepreneurship and Kinship: An Integrative Review of a Nascent Domain

Contrary to the widely accepted adage ‘do not engage in business activities with relatives’, individuals from Chinese, Indian, and Pakistani backgrounds are achieving significant progress, while individual groups experience stagnation. While prior research offers substantial insights into the relationship between kinship and entrepreneurial ventures, there exists a paucity of information regarding the mechanisms through which certain kin individuals attain success while others do not. The principal inquiries revolve around the question, ‘In what ways do kinship networks contribute to entrepreneurial success?’ Furthermore, within a multicultural and heterogeneous framework, how might kinship networks serve as essential resources that promote entrepreneurial development, or do they instead pose additional challenges to such advancement? To address these inquiries, this study conducts an integrative review of entrepreneurship through the conceptual framework of kinship (kin-entrepreneurship), a notion distinctly from emerging disciplines. The contextual backdrop of this study is firmly anchored in the rising incidence of business failures and their resultant ramifications for sustainable economic development on a global scale. By employing an integrative review methodology that encompasses both bibliometric and content analyses of extant literature, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, this research elucidates the fundamental components relevant to kin-entrepreneurship. In tackling this issue, the present investigation explores the trends, trajectories, and potential futures concerning the nexus of kinship and entrepreneurship. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on a dataset comprising 292 scholarly articles focused on kin-entrepreneurship, published between 1980 and 2023, sourced from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Significant findings highlight “kinship-based business influencers” and “entrepreneurial environment and consequences”, as crucial themes. Subsequent to the discovery of the themes, this paper advocates for a paradigm shift from a narrow familial perspective on business to a more expansive kinship viewpoint, which can enhance comprehension of the complex dynamics within business environments where kinship-based business influencers are multifaceted, affecting economic performance (where entrepreneurs capitalize on these affiliations for economic advantage), decision-making (which improves business sustainability through resource allocation among kin), and employee relations (as kin connections foster both formal and informal employment opportunities) for entrepreneurs. Consequently, this study posits that kinship-oriented business dynamics play a crucial role in influencing entrepreneurial decision-making by offering social capital, resources, and strategic guidance, which are essential for mitigating existing entrepreneurial attrition rates and, in turn, are fundamental for fostering economic development.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Rural Entrepreneurial Environment Based on Pressure-State-Response Model -Evidence from China

Background and aimsThe study of rural entrepreneurial environment is one of the key issues in rural entrepreneurship research.The rural entrepreneurship environment plays a key role in increasing the success rate of farmers' entrepreneurship and promoting their employment. Scientific evaluation of the rural entrepreneurial environment is important for governments to formulate relevant policies and optimize the rural entrepreneurial environment. Methods and resultsThis paper constructs a rural entrepreneurship environment evaluation index system based on PSR (Pressure-State-Response) model.The entropy Weight-TOPSIS method was used to measure the rural entrepreneurship environment in 30 provinces in China, the Gini coefficient was used to explore the regional differences, and the barrier degree model was used to diagnose the barrier factors. The results of the study show that: China's rural entrepreneurship environment has a ladder, the rural entrepreneurship environment is divided into four tiers, Guizhou is in the leading tiers, Shandong and other 13 provinces are in the challenging tiers, Inner Mongolia and other 11 provinces are in the catching-up tiers, and Hainan and other 5 provinces are in the improving tiers. Provincial differences are large, and the regional rural entrepreneurship environment is obviously unbalanced. ConclusionThis paper applies the PSR ("Pressure State Response") model to rural entrepreneurship environment evaluation, analyzes the relationship between the indicators according to the relationship structure of the sub-models in the model, and provides a theoretical basis for the rural entrepreneurship environment evaluation system and scientific evaluation. The rural entrepreneurship evaluation index system is regarded as an ecosystem, and the nonlinear effect between the elements is considered.

Entrepreneurial Intention Among Management Students of Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the factors influencing entrepreneurial intention among management students in Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City, and explore key determinants such as personal attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and leadership capacity. Methods: Data were collected through surveys from 388 respondents out of 13093 management students analyzing their perceptions and intentions toward entrepreneurship through questionnaire methods using a five-point Likert scale method. The study used the Theory of Planned Behavior as a theoretical framework. Results: The study reveals that positive personal attitudes and strong perceived behavioral control significantly enhance entrepreneurial intention while subjective norms and leadership capacity also play crucial roles. The study explores the importance of entrepreneurial education in shaping future entrepreneurs despite numerous challenges, including high interest rates and limited market opportunities. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for understanding how management students in a Nepalese context perceive and intend to engage in entrepreneurial activities to cultivate entrepreneurial mindsets in emerging economies. The study highlights the need for the implementation of targeted policies and educational programs effectively to pave the way for creating conducive environment for entrepreneurship among students.

A Moderated Mediation Model of Entrepreneurship Education, Competence, and Environmental Dynamics on Entrepreneurial Performance

This study explores the relationship between entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial competence, and entrepreneurial performance, focusing on the moderating role of environmental dynamics under conditions of high and low environmental dynamics. Using SPSS 21.0 and Smart PLS 4.0 software, this quantitative research analyzed survey data from 424 college students in China who have started their own businesses. The results indicate that entrepreneurship education has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial performance. Furthermore, environmental dynamics moderate the indirect effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial performance through entrepreneurial competence, with the indirect effect being stronger when environmental dynamics are high. The study also underscores the need for the sustainable development of entrepreneurship education, ensuring that educational programs evolve continuously to meet the changing demands of entrepreneurial environments. The findings highlight the importance of entrepreneurship education in fostering entrepreneurial competence and enhancing entrepreneurial performance. However, due to the cross-sectional design and self-reported nature of the data, the ability to draw causal inferences is limited. Future research should adopt longitudinal designs and objective performance measures to further investigate these relationships.

The Analysis of Trigger Factors of the Environmental Entrepreneurship Process in Saudi Arabia: An Innovative Approach

Environmental entrepreneurship is considered a critical avenue for sustainable development. Despite increasing studies on its benefits and impacts, we lack insights about its corresponding process. There is an increasing need for policymakers to know how to develop this process and what is required for its definition. This research aims to build an innovative theoretical model to explore the trigger factors for the environmental entrepreneurship process in Saudi Arabia, which is the ultimate focus point of this research. To achieve this objective, a deep literature review and a survey of expert entrepreneurs’ opinions were performed. Experts and professionals in entrepreneurship validated the opportunity of readiness factors identified. Data were gathered using a combined approach based on closed-ended questionnaires and arranged interviews according to a schedule. Employing the mixed influence matrix of cross-impact multiplications applied to classification (MICMAC) and the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach, the research identifies a hierarchical model of these factors, addressing why and how they interact according to a specific order and priorities. The investigation reveals 15 factors that are structured into three main levels of influence: (1) factors driving the adoption of environmental entrepreneurship orientation, (2) factors related to environmental entrepreneurship intention, and (3) factors for materializing environmental entrepreneurship behavior. The findings emphasize the complementarity between environmental entrepreneurship intention and orientation as a key factor in generating entrepreneurial behavior. This research pioneers the empirical exploration of environmental entrepreneurship as a process. It contributes significantly to theoretical and practical domains by offering a pragmatic framework and better understanding for policymakers and stakeholders to focus on key factors that facilitate this process. This paper is innovative because it uses the integrative ISM–MICMAC approach, supported by a primary and brief bibliometric analysis of entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneur’s View on business Challenges in Disentangle Regional Capital City: Evidence from Far Western Nepal

Background: Entrepreneurship plays a vital role in economic development by driving innovation and creating employment opportunities. However, entrepreneurs in Nepal, particularly in Far Western regions like Doti, face significant challenges that may hinder both entrepreneurial growth and the overall economic development of the region. Objective: This study aims to explore the challenges faced by entrepreneurs in Doti, in starting and sustaining new ventures. It seeks to understand the key obstacles that affect business growth and provide insights for improving the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the region. Method: A convenient sampling method was used to select 280 entrepreneurs from Doti. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, designed and administered through KOBO. A pre-test was conducted with 5% of the sample to refine the instrument. The study employed descriptive statistics to analyze the data and identify the major challenges faced by entrepreneurs. Result: The findings reveal that more than half of the respondents in Doti faced significant entrepreneurial challenges. The most prevalent issues included changes in regional capital, lack of financial resources, insufficient innovation, a limited market size, and political instability. These challenges were found to severely impact the growth and sustainability of businesses in the region. Conclusion: The study highlights the pressing need for strengthened entrepreneurial policies, increased government support, promotion of technology and innovation, and better management of business resources in Doti. Addressing these challenges is essential to fostering a conducive environment for entrepreneurship and unlocking the economic potential of Far Western Nepal. Paper Types: Research Paper Keywords: Entrepreneurship, business challenges, Economic Development, Far Western Nepal JEL Classification: L26, O18, R11

How does off-farm work experience motivate rural residents’ agricultural entrepreneurial intentions in China?

ABSTRACT China’s rural vitalization is a major task in promoting common prosperity, but rural brain drain is one of the main obstacles. However, arousing enthusiasm for agricultural entrepreneurship and promoting agricultural industry development remains under-analysed. Using data from 3987 rural residents in China, this article theoretically analyses how rural residents’ off-farm work experience (OWE) affects their agricultural entrepreneurial intentions (AEI). Dealing with endogeneity problems, the empirical results with IV-Probit model show that rural residents’ OWE positively influences their AEI. Mechanism analysis revealed that local social capital and formal financial cognition promote their OWE. The heterogeneity analysis indicated that the effects of OWE on AEI are more significant in counties with lower economic development or higher social welfare levels. Furthermore, OWE particularly affects opportunity-based and outside-village AEI. The results imply that: First, the government should strengthen the county-level entrepreneurial environment, especially in lower development regions. Second, encourage good village governance benefits for AEI. Third, government and financial apartments should broaden formal finance to help rural residents with OWE engage in agricultural entrepreneurial activities.

Structural model and characteristics of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition abilities among university students in China: a grounded theory approach

The rapid development of mass entrepreneurship and innovation in China has substantially influenced the entrepreneurial environment, particularly among university students who are emerging as a vital entrepreneurial force. This study aimed to explore and identify the key characteristics and structural framework of entrepreneurial talents among university student entrepreneurs in China, specifically concerning their capacity to discover entrepreneurial opportunities. To achieve this, we conducted interviews with 21 exceptional university student entrepreneurs. A structural model was subsequently developed based on grounded theory, with data coded at three levels and tested for theoretical saturation. The results demonstrated that Chinese university students possess implicit and explicit capacities to detect business possibilities. Implicit abilities largely encompass the innate qualities of entrepreneurial drive and environmental intelligence, while explicit abilities comprise the acquired skills of learning, networking, and integration. This model can be used as a benchmark for assessing and enhancing the capacity of Chinese university students who are aspiring entrepreneurs to identify and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities.

Promoting the adoption of digital technology: Strategic policy insights from a network effects model

This paper examines a dynamic model of digital adoption by firms, incorporating network effects and highlighting the crucial role of government intervention to avoid a low stable equilibrium. The paper presents a strategic policy framework for promoting digital adoption effectively, offering three key insights for policy efforts targeting SMEs.First, there is a risk of ending up at a stable low equilibrium rate of digital adoption despite an initial surge in interest. Sustaining momentum beyond initial promotion efforts is essential. Second, it is critical to make a significant push when the digital adoption rate is approaching critical mass. This tipping point enables continuous, self-sustaining expansion. Third, understanding technology adoption cycles and allocating resources effectively is crucial. Once the adoption rate passes the critical threshold, further adoption occurs without promotional interventions. Resources should then be reallocated to foster the adoption of new technologies or applications, ensuring optimal use of limited resources to drive ongoing innovation and progress.The study also reveals that countries with a larger population of SMEs, due to either a large population or strong entrepreneurial environment, may find it relatively easier to promote digital adoption in this sector.

Empowering Innovation: Advancing Social Entrepreneurship Policies in Croatia

This paper examines the impact of public policy guidelines on social entrepreneurship in Croatia, focusing on regional disparities and the effectiveness of various policy areas. Using a mixed-method approach, this research highlights how these variations influence policy outcomes, particularly in terms of the diverse levels of support across regions. The findings reveal the necessity of adopting region-specific and policy-area-specific strategies to effectively nurture a robust social entrepreneurship ecosystem. Additionally, enhancing public awareness and education is found to be critical for fostering a supportive environment for social entrepreneurship.

A Study of Early-Stage Environmental Entrepreneurship in the Politically Divided USA

A Study of Early-Stage Environmental Entrepreneurship in the Politically Divided USA

The impact of a country's entrepreneurial environment (entrepreneurial media exposure, ease of starting a business) on the perception of entrepreneurial opportunities, focusing on a comparison between Korea, China, and the United States.

The impact of a country's entrepreneurial environment (entrepreneurial media exposure, ease of starting a business) on the perception of entrepreneurial opportunities, focusing on a comparison between Korea, China, and the United States.

The Dynamics of Microenterprises: Implications on Poverty Reduction in Nepal

Microenterprises are very small formal and informal non-agricultural activities operated by individuals or micro-organizations encounter different challenges due to changes in resources, market, technologies, know-how, and so on. To survive in such complex and changing entrepreneurial environment, microenterprises need be capable of coping with dynamics of resources, market, technologies, and know-how meanwhile fighting against the poverty they are muddling through. In this context, using primary data enumerated from 160 microentrepreneurs from control and experimental local environments from Parbat and Kaski districts in the Gandaki province of Nepal, this study has analyzed the microenterprises taking dynamics of technologies, resources, market and know-how for their implication to poverty alleviation. On average, there is an increase environment conducive to microenterprise operation. Despite the products, technologies, and know-how being basically outdated, the dynamics of resources, market, and know-how appear having significant positive effects on microenterprises. There is an improvement in employment status, economic status, access to education, access to health services, access in communication, household assets, the capacity to spend more on celebrating socio-cultural festivals and livelihood of the family members over the period after being involved in microenterprises, hence, microenterprise dynamics have confirmed significant positive implications in poverty reduction in Nepal. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 11, Issue-3: 43-57.

EFFECT OF GREEN INVESTMENT, GOVERNMENT POLICY, AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF START-UPS IN CENTRAL JAWA

Indonesia, has become a hub for such start-ups, aiming for both financial success and environmental consciousness. Green investments, which fund projects with environmental benefits, play a crucial role. These investments range from adopting energy-efficient technologies to implementing sustainable supply chains, leading to long-term cost savings and improved corporate reputation. Government policy is also vital, as supportive policies in Central Java include monetary rewards, tax breaks, and assistance programs that encourage start-ups to adopt sustainable practices. Effective resource management, which optimizes the use of human, financial, and material resources, is crucial for start-ups facing limited resources and intense competition. Efficient resource management can significantly impact a start-up’s operational efficiency and financial outcomes. This study examines how green investments, government policy, and resource management collectively influence the financial success of start-ups in Central Java. Data was collected from 40 start-ups across various industries using a quantitative approach, and multiple regression analysis was performed. The results show that higher financial performance is primarily due to green investments, supportive government policies, and efficient resource management, with a positive interaction between these factors leading to significant gains. The study provides factual proof that effective resource management, sustainable practices, and compliance with government regulations are essential for successful start-up operations. It highlights the complementary effects of these elements, suggesting that a comprehensive corporate strategy enhances financial results. This study offers insights for start-ups to enhance sustainability and performance and provides recommendations for policymakers to create a supportive entrepreneurial environment.

Evaluating intellectual capital within developmental entrepreneurial environments: conceptualising the sequential role of education and ecosystems

PurposeThis paper evaluates intellectual capital (IC) within entrepreneurial environments, towards conceptualising the sequential role of education, its institutions in practice, and wider ecosystems. Well-established attributes of entrepreneurialism, such as idea generation, problem-solving, market expertise and risk awareness are commensurate to that of expected IC practices within enterprising organisations. However, scarce research has been undertaken concerning the confronting of IC practices and activities across collaborative, and sequential, multistakeholder partnerships and activities. This includes alignment to distinct stages of developmental entrepreneurialism inclusive of education and ecosystem support: knowledge exchange and training; mentoring the emergence of the start-up; strategically timing scale-ups; and continued navigation within networks while enduring change.Design/methodology/approachAn integrative review of the relationship between IC, entrepreneurs and new ventures is undertaken to evaluate developmental IC practices as per this paper’s highlighted sequential stages, within entrepreneurial environments and organisational contexts.FindingsSignificant roles and responsibilities are evident among collaborative sectors, benefitting the entrepreneurial process and heightening the importance and emergence of IC within entrepreneurial environments. Exposure to enterprise-specific education and support emphasises the developmental human capital process of progressing and protecting ideas and ventures. Latterly, ecosystem engagement leads to consistent intrapreneurialism amongst employees and new venture partners, influencing structured IC systems and enterprising cultures and relational aspects of responsive branding of commercial activity and increased market agility.Originality/valueThrough presenting an attribute-based framework, this paper conceptualises sequential multistakeholder intervention of IC practices and organisational considerations within institutions, as well as guiding the developmental role of education in emboldening individuals and organisations through building IC and evidencing entrepreneurial thinking.