Entrepreneurial Endeavors Research Articles

Accessing human capital resources for entrepreneurial endeavors through social networks: The implications of strong tie superiority, social media, and heterogeneous human capital

AbstractResearch SummaryThis paper uses formal modeling and simulation to develop a more robust theory of how entrepreneurs gain access to human capital resources through their strong and weak social network ties. Whereas prior work focuses on the informational context in which an endeavor operates (i.e., is it risky or uncertain), the models developed in this paper introduce untested assumptions implicit in prior work regarding strong tie superiority, the effects of social media, and human capital heterogeneity. Through a series of simulation analyses, the paper explores a broad range of values for these alternative assumptions and identifies the conditions under which strong and weak ties are the most likely source of human capital for entrepreneurial endeavors.Managerial SummaryEntrepreneurs often need to enlist the support of others to achieve their objectives. This paper develops a better understanding of how entrepreneurs can access the human capital their endeavors require through their social network ties. The paper explores a broad range of conditions to identify when an entrepreneur's strong social network ties are the most likely source of human capital—and when the entrepreneur's weak ties are the most likely source. This paper challenges the assumption that strong ties have an inherent advantage over weak ties in entrepreneurial settings, investigates the impact of social media networks, and highlights the challenges entrepreneurs face when attempting to enlist the support of individuals with different types of human capital.

Influential entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial influencers: are they two sides of the same coin?

ABSTRACT Throughout time, there have been influencers who possess the power to affect decisions of others, and this power has become particularly evident in the current multibilliondollar marketplace of influencer marketing. Practitioners and scholars are focusing on the power of social media to affect change, and the popular press has begun to refer to entrepreneurs as influencers and influencers as entrepreneurs. As such, the current research examines the power of influence in terms of influential entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial influencers. Influential entrepreneurs have the power to encourage others to believe in themselves and to ignite passion for personal success, while also garnering support for their own ventures. Entrepreneurial influencers generally begin as marketing influencers who develop a following on a digital platform and then begin to build their own entrepreneurial endeavors by promoting to their followers. We contribute to the entrepreneurial marketing literature by bringing together similar, yet disparate, research to understand people identified as both influencers and entrepreneurs and suggest that influential entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial influencers are not two sides of the same coin. While both possess characteristics of attractiveness and the ability to connect people and communities, findings suggest that influential entrepreneurs are perceived as more credible than entrepreneurial influencers. While entrepreneurial influencers are enabled by external products or brands for which they are promoting, influential entrepreneurs are enabled by the strength of their own personal brands that created a product offering.

Frugal innovations of South African female social entrepreneurs

The good practices of female social entrepreneurs in developing contexts who are able to grow their social entrepreneurial endeavours through innovative problem-solving processes should be understood in order to inform policymakers and models that enhance social value add and innovation for social good. This study explores and describes the Frugal Innovation of female social entrepreneurs who are able to grow their endeavours. Problems that the women deal with are linked to the dimensions of Frugal Innovation from a Design Thinking perspective to illustrate the complexity of the issues that these women encounter. A qualitative approach is applied to the study. A purposive sample of 11 cases of a South African sample frame of 45 was selected as these women displayed growth and innovation in their endeavours whilst engaging in solving complex problems. In a content analysis of their innovative problem-solving, findings indicate that the enablers of Frugal Innovation in the social entrepreneurial context are leveraged by the women in the study to grow their endeavours towards systemic integration. This way, they are creating more sustainable solutions that can be viewed as good practice which may inform policymakers and other social entrepreneurial models. The original contribution of this study lies in the application of the theoretical framework in an interdisciplinary way, to provide insight on Frugal Innovation in a social entrepreneurial context that might become increasingly relevant in a post-pandemic world.

Promoting development of entrepreneurial skills of youth in Ghana through a structured sport intervention program

IntroductionThe purpose of this brief report is to describe how a structured sport-based positive life skills program can be used in promoting the development of entrepreneurial skills of youth in Ghana.MethodsA total of 29 youth participated in the study with 11 as the control group and the remaining 18 as the intervention group. The students in the intervention together with 5 parents participated in a weekend mapping camp. Data for the study was collected with the Youth Experience Survey for Sport to measure the Life skills and entrepreneurship skills using a quasi experimental pre and post test control group design.ResultsThe youth in the intervention group reported important physical and personal benefits and entrepreneurial skills such as cooperation (teamwork), risk taking, creativity, leadership, cognitive development, and positive engagement in physical activity which they did not previously have. The results are similar to existing published papers giving this report a commendable validity and reliability.DiscussionSimilar to the previously published papers, the perceived gains in this report also show that exposing youth to a structured sport-based positive life skills program produce both physical benefits and development of lifelong skills necessary to develop skills necessary for entrepreneurial endeavors. When this intervention is upscaled in Ghana the country could offset high youth unemployment with its associated challenges.

City-regional governance under state entrepreneurialism in China

Facing de-globalisation, changing international politics, climate changes and new smart technologies in the post-pandemic era, city-regions become important spaces for economic, social and environmental governance. In China, this new city-regional form of governance is created under state entrepreneurialism, which means the state uses entrepreneurial endeavours to achieve its strategic vision and intention. The processes of city-region building include centralising the spatial planning system, inventing new spatial discourses, representing regional imaginaries and restructuring the state towards ecological goals. Instead of market-driven regional dynamics or redistributive politics, China’s city-regional governance demonstrates the role of the multi-scalar state in constructing and implementing economic, social and environmental policies at a regional scale.

The Impact of Image, Role Models, Learning Approach, Course Content and Structure, and Course Delivery on the Entrepreneurial Motivation of University Students in Oman

This paper investigated students' perspectives toward entrepreneurship at the University of Technology and Applied Sciences during Semester 1, AY 2020-2021, when the COVID-19 pandemic was at its peak. The study's goal is to look into the major aspects that influence the respondents' inclinations toward entrepreneurship. The impact of role models, entrepreneurship's image, curriculum and content, personal learning approaches, and respondents' overall attitudes about motivation in pursuing entrepreneurial endeavors in the face of the epidemic. The results were interpreted using descriptive analysis, Cronbach Alpha was used to assess the questionnaire's dependability, multivariate statistical normality of skewness and kurtosis were used to assess normality, and a non-parametric test using the Mann-Whitney test was used to measure the p-value measuring the significance of results. Essentially, the numerous items examined yielded a favorable outcome; as a result of the findings, students are more likely to engage in entrepreneurial activities.

Unemployment benefits, entrepreneurship policies, and new business creation

Besides their common link with unemployment, unemployment benefits are also relevant to the decision to become an entrepreneur. We thoroughly explored this relationship for a panel of 23 EU countries over the period 2001–2019. Our results demonstrate that generous unemployment compensations hinder entrepreneurial initiative, and those opportunity entrepreneurs, who are more likely to create new jobs and innovation, are affected more. Contrary to common belief, we find an unequal pattern of effects, with higher benefits being more detrimental at the beginning of the unemployment spell. A favourable policy framework results in being relevant for entrepreneurial endeavours on its own; in addition, high-quality policies and programmes for entrepreneurs are found to temper the negative effects of large unemployment benefits on new business creation during long unemployment spells. Our results support the call for properly designed unemployment benefit systems (as both level and time pattern) that ensure an optimum balance between adequate income replacement and poverty prevention, on the one hand, and limited side effects on new venture creation, on the other hand.

Impact of Brand and Change in Habits of Customers Due to Coronavirus in the Home Appliance Industry of India

The Home Appliance industry is going through an unpredictable situation due to corona virus. Customers’ preferences are also changing from time to time. Authors have discussed various variables and their impact on the consumer purchasing decision and revealed how much brand influences the consumer compared to other factors while purchasing appliance products. Corona virus outbreak is continuously hitting the Indian economy and directly impacting the Appliance Industry. This research work also aims to address the change in consumer habits before and after corona virus. The convenience sampling method is used in this research to collect the sample data. The help of Quantitative methods does interpretation of research. From the end of December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic began to spread around the world. Its spread harmed all sectors of the world, posing a new challenge to the Indian entrepreneurship ecosystem. It had an impact on the enterprise’s viability and growth. Entrepreneurs must deal with social isolation, working from home, travel restrictions, and a lockdown to prevent the corona virus spread. Some businesses have had to close temporarily, while others have had to conduct small-scale operations. As a result, innovators must be visible in all aspects of entrepreneurial endeavors. This epidemic’s carriers must be defeated. Businesses must find ways to survive and thrive.

Who Made This? Algorithms and Authorship Credit.

Producers and creators often receive assistance with work from other people. Increasingly, algorithms can provide similar assistance. When algorithms assist or augment producers, does this change individuals' willingness to assign credit to those producers? Across four studies spanning several domains (e.g., painting, construction, sports analytics, and entrepreneurship), we find evidence that producers receive more credit for work when they are assisted by algorithms, compared with humans. We also find that individuals assume algorithmic assistance requires more producer oversight than human assistance does, a mechanism that explains these higher attributions of credit (Studies 1-3). The greater credit individuals assign to producers assisted by algorithms (vs. other people) also manifests itself in increased support for those producers' entrepreneurial endeavors (Study 4). As algorithms proliferate, norms of credit and authorship are likely changing, precipitating a variety of economic and social consequences.

Digital Kenya: A Key Driver in Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Higher Education

Higher education institutions must be an integral part of the ecosystem and work closely with all stakeholders to promote entrepreneurship. To create entrepreneurial endeavors that are mutually beneficial and self-sustaining, these systems necessitate a lot of connections among organizations, individuals, and operations. The university setting might be the best place to start to identify potential entrepreneurs who play crucial parts in establishing and maintaining strong entrepreneurship cultures within countries. One of the first stages in Kenya’s new strategy for entrepreneurship growth was the inclusion of entrepreneurship instruction in all technical teacher education institutions in the country. Hence the Ministry of Renew search, Technical Training, and Technology implemented a new policy mandating all technical education participants to accomplish a course in entrepreneurship education. Despite the initiatives, the growth of the Higher Education Entrepreneurship Ecosystem has remained sluggish in the county. But with digital transformation in the country, it was expected this was to act as the key driver in Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Higher Education. The paper aimed at examining how digital transformation is a key driver in Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Higher Education in Kenya. The study was anchored on the Schumpeter theory of innovation, the theory of change, and the Institutional Theory. The paper used a desk review in-depth desktop review. The findings imply that we are trying to establish how digital transformation triggers the growth of entrepreneurship in higher education.

A Cultural Responses to Entrepreneurial Activities in Pashtun Society of Pakistan

Entrepreneurship is playing a vital role in national socioeconomic development. Entrepreneurial endeavors are significantly influenced by culture. In this study, the cultural barriers to entrepreneurship in Pashtun tribal society are examined. The tribal society of the Pashtuns was used as a case study. To carry out this study, a qualitative research paradigm was employed. In-depth interviews were conducted with those involved in business activities. Respondents to the study were selected through a purposive sampling technique. The thematic analysis method was employed to investigate the social barrier to entrepreneurship in Pashtun tribal society. The results showed that, in contrast to the formation, business is not a socially respectable job in a tribal setting. Individuals in Pashtun society were reluctant to create businesses because of the negative attitudes certain people had regarding specific entrepreneurial endeavors. The information shows that Pakhtunwali, or Pashtun culture's moral code, hinders entrepreneurship in Pashtun society. It has hampered the process of socioeconomic development and people are reluctant to start entrepreneurial activities in Pashtun Society. The government must encourage young people to start their businesses and identify Pashtun society's cultural hubs that encourage commerce.

The Explanatory Power of Individual-Level Motivators for Entrepreneurship in Predicting Entrepreneurial Activity: a Cross-Country Investigation

Entrepreneurial activity is a key indicator of economic growth and development across countries. Governments, education institutions, and the non-for-profit sector all attempt to channel resources into communities to enhance entrepreneurial endeavors. This analysis examines the predictors of entrepreneurial activity using representative samples of 50 countries from 2019 provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor project. Further, the investigation assesses the relevance of cultural features in moderating relationships linking attitudes, self-efficacy, and exposure to entrepreneurial behaviors. The logistic regression results indicate the attitudes, exposure, and self-efficacy are all predictors of Entrepreneurship activity. Cultural influence or fear of failure do not moderate the associations linking attitudes or self-efficacy with entrepreneurial activity. Implications for this research include the development of robust education Entrepreneurship programs that increase learners’ exposure to real-world entrepreneurial successes.

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Characteristics On The Success of The Service Business At Elfa Music School Bandung

The lack of jobs in Indonesia at this time requires every individual to have the ability to be an entrepreneur in order to survive. One of the entrepreneurial endeavors that are widely practiced today is the creative industry. At this time, the creative industry is very necessary. Moreover, the creative industry is an industry with renewable sources because it focuses on creation. In contrast to industries in the mining and oil and gas sectors which will increasingly run out. The business that is being pioneered now, namely the music course/school business, which is one form of business engaged in the service sector and is expected to become the driving force of the Indonesian economy. To overcome the problems of lack of management skills in business management, limited capital, marketing networks, human resources, and technology/techniques used and realize the success of a music course/school business, of course, real efforts are needed from the entrepreneur. The type of research used is descriptive and verification with descriptive survey and explanatory survey research methods. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews, and observations in the field. The results of data collection with primary data sources obtained a sample size of 46 respondents. The analysis method used is path analysis. The results showed that the effect of entrepreneurial characteristics on the success of the Elfa Music School Antapani Bandung service business was 94.8%. The greatest influence is on the leadership-oriented sub-variable, while the smallest influence is on the future-oriented sub-variable.

Role of Cooperative Societies in Promoting Technopreneurship among Rural Women in Anambra State

The study investigated the role of cooperative societies in promoting technopreneurship among rural women in Anambra State. Two research questions guided the study. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised all managers of cooperative societies in Anambra State. Through purposive sampling, the researcher selected 150 managers of cooperative societies in Anambra State. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by experts in the field. The application of Cronbach Alpha reliability method on the obtained data yielded coefficient value of 0.88 for internal consistency. Data collected from the respondents were analyzed with mean. The findings of the study revealed that the roles of cooperative societies in promoting technopreneurship among rural women in Anambra State are that it empowers women to leverage technology effectively in their entrepreneurial endeavors, creates a conducive environment for women to develop and implement their innovative ideas and provides access to affordable credit facilities among others. The findings also revealed that the strategies that could by applied by cooperative societies in promoting technopreneurship among rural women in Anambra State include organizing training sessions and workshops specifically tailored to empower rural women with technopreneurship skills, offering financial support to rural women entrepreneurs by providing microloans or access to credit facilities and advocating for policies that support and empower rural women in technopreneurship among others. Based on these findings the researcher recommended among others that cooperative societies should organise training sessions and workshops aimed primarily at equipping rural women with entrepreneurial skills.

The role of artificial intelligence in achieving entrepreneurship: A applied study on Al-Nasr Factory in Ibn Majid General Company

Summing up the body of research on artificial intelligence and its potential future paths reveals two dimensions of the rising relevance of AI for entrepreneurship study. In the first place, practical uses of AI become a separate field of study. Dependency on AI-driven research methodologies, including big data approaches or AI-driven prediction techniques, is the second dimension. These AI-based techniques give academics fresh and useful perspectives on entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial endeavors that are challenging to evaluate using conventional techniques. We come to the conclusion that, in order to preserve the fundamental research standards and scientific rigor that safeguard the field's health, standing, and influence, it is imperative that the field embrace AI as a subject and a research methodology with more zeal. The main objective of this study is to develop entrepreneurial business using artificial intelligence study on artificial intelligence is booming in many fields of business and management study, since the changes it is witnessing have a profound impact on business and the economy as a whole. In the realm of entrepreneurship research, however, artificial intelligence has gotten very little attention., Even Nevertheless, a large number of entrepreneurship scholars concur that artificial intelligence will probably have a significant and disruptive impact on entrepreneurship research. Based on the study's findings, the researcher recommended a number of things, including more research on artificial intelligence and entrepreneurship.

The Duel between Effective Altruism and Greed

In this 2022 SEAC Presidential address, I explore the intricate interplay between the notions of greed and Effective Altruism (EA). These notions bear profound implications for both our individual obligations and our collective duties. The dialectic between greed and EA reveals a fundamental conflict. Greed is commonly aligned with the self-centered pursuit of riches, authority, or distinction, often neglecting the well-being of others and the enduring repercussions of one's actions. In contrast, EA stands as a philosophy and societal movement advocating the application of reason and empirical evidence to pinpoint the most efficacious avenues for aiding others and engendering a constructive global influence. Central to EA is the tenet of impartiality and equitable regard for all interests when selecting beneficiaries, resonating across domains such as the prioritization of scientific exploration, entrepreneurial endeavors, and policy undertakings geared towards alleviating suffering and preserving lives.

Reflections on the Success Biology Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Developing Student Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

Biology Entrepreneurship Education has become a mandatory course that imparts a distinct characteristic to its graduates. There is an expectation that students will possess an entrepreneurial spirit and immediately establish businesses upon graduation. However, entrepreneurship education often leaves a gap between expectations and real-world outcomes. This research aims to elucidate reflections on the success of education on Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. We conducted a case study involving students who have completed the biology entrepreneurship course. Twenty students were selected based on specific criteria for in-depth interviews. The findings indicate that all students reported an enhancement in Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, including proficiency in business searching, business planning, business marshalling, and implementation. Additionally, it was observed that a substantial number of college graduates do not pursue entrepreneurship after graduation. Field findings reveal that graduates from entrepreneurial backgrounds are more likely to continue entrepreneurial ventures after graduation. Further research can be conducted to evaluate entrepreneurship education programs focusing on specific post-graduation achievements and the factors influencing graduates in pursuing entrepreneurial endeavours.

Streamlining operations and best practices in the restaurant industry: A catalyst for business expansion

This research delves into the business operations, profiles, challenges, and best practices of homegrown restaurants in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The study used a qualitative research design, conducting interviews with restaurant owners or managers to gather data. The findings reveal that restaurants in Nueva Ecija display significant variability in aspects such as the number of branches, years of operation, and registration status. Most restaurants tend to lean towards a corporation business model, prioritize local sourcing of ingredients, and heavily utilize word-of-mouth promotion (Kaplan & Haenlein, 2010). Challenges encountered in the operational phase mainly revolve around staffing issues, budget management, and adapting to customer preferences (Perry, 2001). Successful practices involve treating personnel as family, maintaining good customer relationships, and effective financial management (Kusluvan et al., 2010; Liu & Jang, 2009). The study concludes that robust entrepreneurial qualities, technical skills, and an excellent understanding of market trends contribute significantly to the restaurants’ success. The research adds depth to the existing literature on small-scale restaurant operations and contributes insights that can aid future entrepreneurial endeavors in the food industry (Parsa et al., 2005).

Personality traits and entrepreneurship in Women

Several nations have expanded women's access to entrepreneurial endeavours, a privilege that was formerly largely reserved for men. As a result, women's entrepreneurship has sparked a lot of interest. Personality traits are essential to entrepreneurial behaviour, particularly in women, they play a vital role in making the decision to pursue entrepreneurship. Keeping this in mind, the research is being carried out with a dual objective in mind. First, to find the personality traits exhibited by women entrepreneurs and to analyse these across demographic traits.Second,  to study the different locus of control (external and internal) exhibited by women entrepreneurs across demographic characteristics.  The study is exploratory in nature, carried out in National Capital Region. This research employs quantitative analysis predicated on a field survey of 118 female entrepreneurs who have been running their own businesses for the past two years.The research reveals that personality traits are a significant aspect of women's decision to become entrepreneurs, as the internal locus of control and risk-taking ability are firmly displayed by Indian women entrepreneurs, emphasising the need to recognise such personalities while girls are in academic institutions and groom them at such levels so that their desires could become more noticeable and impact oriented.

Educating with the dark, down and destructive sides of entrepreneurship: Impact to entrepreneurial intention

The extensive literature on the contributions of entrepreneurship has fostered positivity bias, which must be critically addressed in education, as there are also unsuccessful entrepreneurial endeavors that have pernicious impacts on the psychological (dark), capital (down), and societal (destructive) domains. This study aims to analyze the impact of entrepreneurship education (EE) on entrepreneurial intention (EI) through the knowledge of the dark (DR), down (DW), and destructive (DS) sides of entrepreneurship and strategies (STR). It employs a convergent mixed method approach that used survey research involving 122 respondents selected using purposive sampling, which was analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) through Smart PLS 4, and interviews with 10 informants probed using thematic analysis. The quantitative analysis revealed that better entrepreneurship education is associated with higher knowledge of the Triple Ds and the strategies to combat them; that only DS and STR are significant predictors of EI as well as partial mediators; and that EE directly impacts EI. The rival explanations conducted for an objective orientation showed that EE significantly influenced DR, DW, DS, STR, and EI; Only DW was insignificant in predicting EI. DR, DS; and STR significantly mediate the relationship between EE and EI. Implications from the results emphasize the importance of incorporating the Triple Ds in the entrepreneurship curriculum. Sample cases investigating the dark and destructive side of entrepreneurship as well as measures to mitigate negative consequences, will not only correct positivity bias but also intensify entrepreneurial intentions.