Entrepreneurial Aspirations Research Articles

Uticaj barijera na preduzetničke namere - studentsko preduzetništvo u zemljama Zapadnog Balkana

The paper is based on the findings of the research of students of business administration in the countries of the Western Balkans and aims to identify the impact of entrepreneurial barriers on their intentions to start entrepreneurial ventures. Barriers are classified into four categories. The first category is knowledge and skill barriers. The second group of barriers includes financial barriers. Subjective circumstances represent the third, and administrative procedures and fiscal burdens are the fourth groups of barriers. The research was conducted with 910 respondents, which consists of 71 questions. For the analysis, 6 questions related to the demographic profile and general information were used, while for the second part, 14 were used, which belong to the categories of barriers. The SPSS program was used for the empirical analysis of the results. The results showed that financial barriers, administrative procedures, and fiscal burdens harm entrepreneurial intentions. Within the group of barriers of knowledge and skills, the lack of business plan development skills and the lack of financial skills harm entrepreneurial aspirations, while the other barriers are not statistically significant. It was confirmed that statistically significant barriers to entrepreneurial intentions belong to subjective circumstances: lack of support from the environment and fear of failure.

An efficient management education in developing women entrepreneurial aspirations

In the latest era, opportunity recognition is a critical factor of entrepreneurship and plays an important role in business management. It helps to analyze the market trends and decreases the risk in failure of business organizations. Women entrepreneurship development is an essential part of human resource development. Entrepreneurship amongst women has been a recent concern. Women have become aware of their existence their rights and their work situation. This paper addresses the effects of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. It is evident from the study that the women entrepreneurs have high scope of being successful in their entrepreneurship journey, provided they have been guided and given relevant and required management education opportunities. It’s been significant from this research work that the future of the women entrepreneurs is bright, hence there is a need to work on their Management education.

Use of Social Networking Sites among Undergrade-level Women and its Effect on their Plans to Start a Business

This study looks at how Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have impacted the business interests of Bangladeshi college-aged women. The research methodology incorporates the technology acceptance paradigm and a model of technology adoption and usage. The survey was developed, checked for accuracy, and released to the public. According to the results, students' usage of social networking sites affects their confidence in their capacity to succeed and their desire to do so. These results have real-world and theoretical ramifications for policymakers and entrepreneurial education, such as using widely used yet cutting-edge communication and Internet tools to inspire young people to start their own businesses. In this analysis, we test the hypothesis that there is a connection between the time spent on social networking sites (SNS) and measures of confidence in, and desire for, starting one's own business. Over two hundred and fifty female students from Private Universities in Bangladesh participated in online questionnaires and correlation tests. More time spent on social networking sites is correlated with more serious business thinking and behavior. Students of all sexes and all ages use Facebook, but younger students and women in particular associate the platform with entrepreneurial aspirations and attitudes more strongly than their male counterparts. There is a greater understanding of the relationship between social media presence and entrepreneurship factors because to this research. The researchers sorted the interviewees' responses into four groups based on their findings: how often they used SNS, how much they felt supported by SNS, how secure they felt in their entrepreneurial conduct, and how ambitious they wanted to be as business owners’ Important motifs were also determined for each class. Institutions of higher learning may and should use social media to promote and educate aspiring business owners.

Entrepreneurship Mentoring for Women at Universities

Universities can affect students’ entrepreneurial ambitions positively. On the one hand, the increasing number of universities with business and management programmes reflects the growing level of entrepreneurial ambition among students. On the other hand, there are visible differences in terms of the proportion of male to female founding students. Based on the peer-mentoring method, action-based research was carried out with a sample of 20 female students aimed at examining whether and how formal mentorship can stimulate female students’ entrepreneurial ambitions. In the findings, further explanations are provided that highlight the need for mentorship in influencing learning outcomes and entrepreneurial propensity, alongside its integration into higher education. The results indicate that priority support plays an important role in the early stage of entrepreneurial ideas, in which trust is created through openness, motivation, and commitment. These results provide sufficient evidence for mentoring programmes as viable pedagogical methods in entrepreneurship education.

Entrepreneurial Intention among College Students: Determinants Towards Entrepreneurship

This study entitled “Entrepreneurial Intention among Community Science College Students: Determinants towards entrepreneurship” aimed at profiling entrepreneurship among 100 graduating classstudents at I.C. College of Home Science and identify determinants of their entrepreneurial intentions. The study used survey design andcollected information through structured questionnaire from prospective graduates.The experiment on determinants of entrepreneurial intention among community science students revealed that the level of most (64.0%) of the student’s personal attitude was in the medium category. Additionally, 78.0 per cen of the students valued subjective norms at a value of medium level while 53.0 per cent student’s perceived control in entrepreneurship was in the high category. This means that students already have an intention in entrepreneurship indicated by the existence of intention, willingness, and efforts to run a business. The data observed positive correlation of .207 between age and planned behaviour of the students that means that older students had better scores on planned behaviour. Similarly the students with high level of entrepreneurial background, entrepreneurial aspiration and exposure to entrepreneurship training had higher attitude towards behaviour, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control that results in higher entrepreneurial intention to create jobs. Between the three variables, student’s subjective norm is the most significant variable to predict their entrepreneurial intention.

The Role Of Entrepreneurship Ecosystems In Hungarian Urban Regions

Over the last decade, entrepreneurship ecosystem (EE) research has become a leading field in entrepreneurship research. In this paper, we use the Regional Entrepreneurship and Development Index (REDI) methodology to analyze the EEs of 22 urban regions in Hungary. These urban regions statistically range from metropolitan agglomerations to smaller regional units with urban centers which organize their respective local economies, representing real economic entities relevant to EEs. Compared to other European regions, Hungarian urban regions perform poorly in entrepreneurship. Budapest, the leading Hungarian regions, ranks 81st out of the 140 regions in the sample, and it also lags behind other similarly developed regions. Looking at the REDI sub-indices, Hungarian urban regions perform relatively well in Entrepreneurial Attitudes while Entrepreneurial Aspiration is the weakest component in 19 of them. At the pillar level, we have identified the strengths and the weaknesses of each region. Pinpointing local weaknesses is particularly important because they act as limitations on the operation of EEs and serve as a basis for policy interventions. While Risk Acceptance and Financing are the weakest pillars in most regions, the combinations of pillar components differ, underlining the legitimacy of case-sensitive policy interventions.

Factors affecting students’ intentions toward green entrepreneurship in COVID-19 pandemic times: A case study of Egyptian universities

The impact of government assistance, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, conceptual development support, and educational development support on green entrepreneurial aspirations through university curriculum during the COVID-19 epidemic is explored in this research. It is the first of its kind in Egypt and is based on a sample population of 502 undergraduate students from various faculties at five Egyptian universities (two public, two private, and one institution with international cooperation). It employs structural equation modelling via SmartPLS. This study can assist other Egyptian universities in creating strategic plans for environmental initiatives and ensuring that students are given the necessary skills to succeed. The study aims to evaluate the impact of conceptual development support offered by universities in terms of fostering interest and presenting novel ideas to students to start a new project, government support provided in terms of laws and programs to encourage entrepreneurship, development of university curriculum to promote entrepreneurial self-efficacy through regular courses, postgraduate practices, and networking with entrepreneurs. Academics, especially those in universities in Egypt or other Arab or African nations, as well as policymakers, can gain from this research's potential to build new standards to support green entrepreneurship and sustainable economies.

International Entrepreneurial Aspiration and Internationalisation Speed in an Emerging Economy

Guided by the theory of planned behaviour and resource dependency logic, we explored how international EO arising from international entrepreneurial aspiration triggers the speed of the internationalisation of SMEs in an emerging economy. Based on a moderated mediation model this study posits that international political network ties moderate the positive linkage between international EO and internationalisation speed and strengthen the positive indirect effect that exists between international entrepreneurial aspiration and internationalisation speed. Results of our study based on 299 SMEs supported our hypotheses. Implications of our results for SME owners/managers in an emerging economy context, as well as the limitations and directions for future research, are discussed.

A Review Study on Entrepreneurial Intention, Educational Learning Settings, and Learning Motivation in Entrepreneurship Education

Entrepreneurship education can teach, or at the very least, guide people in starting their own businesses and aims to create future business owners among today's youth. Students' entrepreneurial aspirations are receiving a lot of attention from governments worldwide because of the stiff job market and dynamic labor market. Its impact becomes more pronounced in a university setting because students have better potential for entrepreneurship and are closer to making their professional choices. Though most universities provide entrepreneurship courses, little attention has been given to the impact of entrepreneurship education vis-a-vis students' intentions to start their own businesses. Generally, the course curriculum has to be restructured to achieve desired outcomes and entrepreneurial abilities and activities should be bolstered alongside formal education and training, where entrepreneurial intent plays an essential role in the initial stages’ decision-making process. This study examines whether higher education universities have boosted student attitudes towards entrepreneurship through reviews of documented research and academic studies. Taking an entrepreneurship education program has a positive impact on the decision-making process of an entrepreneur. Additionally, it was established that self-efficacy in entrepreneurial decision-making has a beneficial impact on entrepreneurial intention. It was also discovered that entrepreneurial self-efficacy was a significant mediator between entrepreneurial activity and intention. This study aims to determine if and how entrepreneurship education affects students' intentions. Keywords: entrepreneurial intention; education learning; entrepreneurship education; learning motivation

Assessing the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden: a comparative study with Finland and Norway using Global Entrepreneurship Index

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate and examines Sweden's overall entrepreneurship performance (ecosystem) by applying the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) while benchmarking the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden with that of Finland and Norway.Design/methodology/approachIn terms of subindices, pillars and component factors, this research analyzes the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden using the GEI supplemented by the Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) approach utile for identification of bottlenecks. In addition, the Swedish ecosystem is benchmarked against its Finnish and Norwegian counterparts drawing on data collected between 2015 and 2018.FindingsUsing data drawn from the GEI, Sweden manifests a strong entrepreneurial ecosystem with a GEI score of 72.7 out of 100. However, fledgling start-up skills, insufficient human capital, and slow and erratic growth undercut otherwise solid entrepreneurial aspirations drawing on well-developed institutional variables. On a macrolevel, Sweden evinces greater capacity for entrepreneurship and innovation than either Norway or Finland but, on a microlevel, several discontinuities manifest in terms of subindices, pillars and component factors to the advantage of Norway and/or Finland and, conversely, to the detriment of Sweden.Practical implicationsPolicymakers should fund a mix of programs and institute regulatory reforms designed to promote entrepreneurial systemic development in Sweden by remediating entrepreneurial gaps depressing GEI scores. Crucial policy interventions are required to accrete start-up skills and human capital and engender high growth. Incremental funding of 47% over current levels budgeted to buoy entrepreneurial activity are mandated for Sweden to approach its GEI potential.Originality/valueInsights are derived from extracting data drawn from a new methodology for gauging entrepreneurial activity incorporating individual and institutional variables into a single model that combines PFB and GEI analysis with a view to identifying, through the PFB approach and weak aspects of Sweden's entrepreneurial performance.

ANALYSIS OF AUSTRIA'S ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM BASED ON THE GEI APPROACH

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Austria. The study used the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) method and the Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) to achieve this objective. The findings revealed a moderated entrepreneurial ecosystem with a GEI score of 65.2%. Again, the study found a strong correlation between Austria's GDP per capita and the GEI scores and a moderate score for all the three sub-indices entrepreneurial attitudes (65.5), entrepreneurial abilities (67.6), and entrepreneurial aspirations (62.4). Using the Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) method, the study identified high growth and human capital as the bottleneck pillars. To shun the bottlenecks related to high growth, accessibility of finance, and formulation of sophisticated strategy at the institutional level are paramount, especially during this highly competitive technological era. Also, to alleviate the human capital bottleneck, the government should draw up policies that will help boost education at the tertiary level, especially at an individual level. Further empirical research can be conducted to compare the entrepreneurial ecosystem of EU countries. This study adds to the existing literature on entrepreneurship which is scanty. Additionally, this paper highlights the bottlenecks in Austria's Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and provides possible alternative policies that can enhance the entrepreneurial ecosystem if implemented.

Learning and Creativity in Virtual Communities: Nurturing Entrepreneurial Intentions of Muslim Women

In terms of information availability, talent acquisition and entrepreneurial education, female prospective entrepreneurs encounter several hurdles and inadequacies. This study investigates how social media learning might improve entrepreneurial learning and creativity among female learners. In summary, this article examines the impact of two critical activities in social media communities (knowledge sharing and social interaction) on entrepreneurial learning and creativity, which might develop entrepreneurial ambitions among Muslim female learners. The data were collected from 253 university and college female students who used social media for entrepreneurial learning. The structural equation modelling technique was used on 233 functional responses in the study. The study instrument’s reliability and validity were also evaluated through different statistical measures before hypotheses testing. The study findings exposed that both knowledge sharing and social interactivity influenced entrepreneurial learning and creativity separately. The study also revealed that entrepreneurial learning and creativity further influenced entrepreneurial intentions. This research reveals female learners’ entrepreneurship intentions, which can be advanced using social media learning in a developing region. The primary theoretical research contribution is the identification of essential activities in virtual entrepreneurial communities, which can enhance the learning and creativity of young female learners. However, further studies need to be carried out in other developing regions among other marginalized groups to generalize these findings. Both teaching faculties and policymakers should make effective use of social media for imparting entrepreneurial education among students, which would further lead to entrepreneurial intentions among them. The researchers argue that there is an imperative need to promote female entrepreneurship intentions, especially among Muslim women, to make them self-reliant and self-employed. This makes it essential to promote entrepreneurial learning and creativity among them, which are significant factors to foster entrepreneurial intentions. Thus, this study has provided an effective and cost-efficient manner of imparting entrepreneurial education to female learners aspiring to become entrepreneurs.

Thwarted or Facilitated? The Entrepreneurial Aspirations and Capabilities of New Migrants in the UK

This article draws on biographical interviews with migrants to assess their aspirations and capabilities to become entrepreneurs. By augmenting mixed embeddedness emphasis on contextual factors with Sen’s capabilities framework, we contribute to extant sociological debates on the interaction of structure and agency, the conceptualisation of aspirations, the non-pecuniary aspects of entrepreneurship and the role of institutions in neoliberal Britain. We argue that structural barriers drive the formation of aspirations to become entrepreneurs while at the same time limit their capabilities to do so. Entrepreneurial agency must be seen as relative autonomy, effective in strategic decision making but limited to the weak financial position in which migrant entrepreneurs operate.

Frugal entrepreneurship: Resource mobilization in resource‐constrained environments

Frugal entrepreneurship (FE) is a recent pursuit that has evolved from the frugal innovation (FI) concept. How frugal entrepreneurs mobilize resources is both interesting and novel, yet it remains an underresearched area. The objective of this study is to explore how frugal entrepreneurs mobilize resources at the grassroots level of emerging markets to realize their innovation and entrepreneurial aspiration. Based on six cases of frugal enterprise, this study contributes to the FE literature in particular and FI more generally. We reveal the various resources that frugal entrepreneurs mobilize and how they mobilize them in three broad categories, namely, human, social and financial. Unlike other entrepreneurs, frugal entrepreneurs usually possess manual work skills, and they help each other with their technical, financial and other knowhow. They understand their context and culture and consider them deeply when developing frugal solutions. Indeed, frugal entrepreneurs integrate the culture and context into their innovation process, because they themselves are embedded in the same society. Patents do not help entrepreneurs to protect their innovations, however, and they need to rely more on informal rather than formal finance.

Untying Moral Efficacy and Meaningfulness in Promoting Students' Social Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Mediating Role of Positive Reciprocity.

This study chooses to describe social entrepreneurship as a social mission that enables business students to identify opportunities to launch start-ups and social enterprises by understanding the nature of social responsibility and fostering a reciprocal attitude to solve social issues. We collected data on students from different business schools in mainland China through a structured questionnaire (n = 326) and analyzed them through structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show that moral efficacy and meaningfulness are positively related to positive reciprocity, which leads to students’ social entrepreneurial intentions. The study concluded that potential social entrepreneurs should take ethical courses as part of their training to help them develop a responsible mentality and social entrepreneurial aspirations. On this basis, the practical and theoretical significance of this study is proposed, and its limitations and future development directions are pointed out.

New Generation Entrepreneurship in Industry 4.0 : A Snapshot from India

The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) has essentially changed the landscape of the new generation of jobs. The future entrepreneurial aspirations would necessarily imbibe innovative ideas which are mostly capital intensive and analytical. Rapid technological development has become the fuel of such dynamic manifestations. It is only prudent to understand that more the investment in R&D, more is the gain in the new generation markets. It is up to the nations to determine how much they can invest in technology and the R&D sector. Some reports say many traditional jobs would eventually die out under the captivity of the 4IR eco system. The fourth industrial revolution would bring newer opportunities for employment, enhancements in quality of life and economic development. At the same time, it would raise several challenges, particularly in populous countries like India. Based on the core competency of the nation, India should incorporate the 4IR eco system in the primary sector to emerge as the global leader to provide a sustainable solution to the global food crisis. This article attempts to study all these dimensions so that the development vectors can ensure the welfare of people holistically across the globe.

Study of Kazakhstani students’ entrepreneurial intentions

The aim of the study is to examine Kazakhstani students’ career plans and the primary elements that influence their entrepreneurial inclinations. The Kazakh database GUESSS (Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey) was used in the study. The goal of the GUESSS project is to generate unique and new ideas about student entrepreneurship in the form of academic and practical results. Our study demonstrates that respondents’ personal qualities, family and social affiliations, and the university environment all have an effect on students’ entrepreneurial inclinations. Kazakhstan participated in the GUESSS international survey three times in 2016, 2018, and 2021 as the primary tool for analysis. The GUESSS national report’s key findings from previous years were incorporated. The study thoroughly evaluates the entrepreneurship literature and the factors that influence entrepreneurial intentions. The study’s findings evaluated the primary characteristics of Kazakhstani students’ entrepreneurial goals in contrast to global trends. Analyzing the critical elements influencing students’ career intentions enables institutions to design policies and practices that support the growth of students’ entrepreneurial activities. Additionally, the findings of this paper accurately represent the entrepreneurial intentions and ambitions of Kazakhstani university students, both undergraduate and postgraduate. The major findings about the impact of the university environment on students’ entrepreneurial objectives, intentions, and motivation are highlighted as well. The study identifiesthe critical elements for fostering a more supportive and inspiring environment conducive to entrepreneurship in higher education. The university professors,students, and university administrations can benefitsignificantly from thisstudy, and educational policy administrators and entrepreneurs can greatly improve business-university engagement opportunities.

Exploring the desire to be an entrepreneur among university-educated youths: lessons from Sierra Leone

ABSTRACT The developing country entrepreneur is championed as a driver of economic growth, poverty alleviation, and social development. Yet little is known about what drives entrepreneurial ambitions in developing countries. This study uses qualitative data from focus group discussions with university-educated Sierra Leonean youths to explore these issues. Findings show that very few have entrepreneurial ambitions ex ante, though a large share resort to entrepreneurship as a survival mechanism. Limited entrepreneurial ambitions can be explained by macro-level factors such as access to credit, but are largely driven by individual-level factors such as conceptions of success and cultural perceptions about entrepreneurship.

Influence of Demographic Factors on Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Study for Management Students of India

The study was intended to find the influence of demographic factors on entrepreneurial intentions (EI) of students from premier management colleges in India. With a sample size of 323 students, research aimed to see the influence of factors such as family, education, age, and background on the willingness of these students to do business. The goal of the research was to learn more about the demographic and socio-economic factors that influence these students’ entrepreneurial ambitions. Also, the study was aimed to relate the findings with two broad questions: ‘which socio-demographic indicators are associated with a desire to start a business’? and ‘which socio-demographic characteristics impact entrepreneurial intentions among families and individuals?’ The study also tried to capture the influence of factors like number of children in the family, caste, and religion on individual’s entrepreneurial aspirations.

Drivers of agripreneurial intentions among students attaining agricultural education in the Gambia

In many third-world countries, high unemployment severely threatens society's social and economic fabric. Countries like The Gambia, with a youthful and increasing population, are particularly hard hit. Agripreneurship has been identified as an alternative for promoting economic development through employment creation, food security, and poverty reduction. Based on Social Cognitive Career Theory, this study aims to assess the drivers of agripreneurial intentions of students pursuing agricultural education at the University of The Gambia. A total of 160 students participated in the online survey. Smart PLS3 software was used to analyze the data using partial least square-structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that agripreneurial attitude, perceived educational support, and social capital significantly impacted students' agripreneurial intentions. However, it was found that self-efficacy, perceived government support, and social norms had no impact on students' agripreneurial intentions. The research draws implications for academics and policymakers concerned with students' entrepreneurial ambitions, including adopting entrepreneurship education by combining cognitive and behavior-oriented instruction and creating an enabling environment for young entrepreneurs by combining a university entrepreneurial support system with external institutional assistance. However, the study was limited to agricultural students in the public university. It would be helpful if future researchers could compare the level of agripreneurial training offered by public and private institutions to gain more insight into shaping students' intentions of self-employment in agripreneurship