Entire Room Research Articles

ASSESSING THE ACCURACY AND PRECISION OF IMPERFECT POINT CLOUDS FOR 3D INDOOR MAPPING AND MODELING

Abstract. In recent years, growing public interest in three-dimensional technology has led to the emergence of affordable platforms that can capture 3D scenes for use in a wide range of consumer applications. These platforms are often widely available, inexpensive, and can potentially find dual use in taking measurements of indoor spaces for creating indoor maps. Their affordability, however, usually comes at the cost of reduced accuracy and precision, which becomes more apparent when these instruments are pushed to their limits to scan an entire room. The point cloud measurements they produce often exhibit systematic drift and random noise that can make performing comparisons with accurate data difficult, akin to trying to compare a fuzzy trapezoid to a perfect square with sharp edges. This paper outlines a process for assessing the accuracy and precision of these imperfect point clouds in the context of indoor mapping by integrating techniques such as the extended Gaussian image, iterative closest point registration, and histogram thresholding. A case study is provided at the end to demonstrate use of this process for evaluating the performance of the Scanse Sweep 3D, an ultra-low cost panoramic laser scanner.

Improved light uniformity and SNR employing new LED distribution pattern for indoor applications in VLC system

In this paper, a new LED arrangement design using 16 LED array in an indoor VLC system is introduced. The performance of the proposed design is investigated and compared with other different (previously introduced) designs using the same number of LED arrays. Our aim is to increase light uniformity and decrease power and SNR fluctuations across the room without increasing number of LED arrays. The received power and SNR were calculated to evaluate the system performance, while the root mean square delay spread was calculated to analyze the intersymbol interference impact on the system performance. The power standard deviation (STD) was calculated as well to measure uniformity of distributed power. The received power fluctuations under our proposed LED lamp arrangement were reduced from 4.46 to 0.93 dBm, the STD is decreased from 1.01 to 0.23, and the SNR fluctuations were reduced from 9 to 1.8 dB leading to almost identical communication across the entire room with high quality.

Application of Eye Tracking for Measurement and Evaluation in Human Factors Studies in Control Room Modernization

An important element of human factors engineering (HFE) pertains to measurement and evaluation (M&E). The role of HFE-M&E should be integrated throughout the entire control room modernization (CRM) process and be used for human–system performance evaluation and diagnostic purposes to resolve potential human engineering deficiencies and other human–machine interface design issues. NUREG-0711 describes how HFE in CRM should employ a hierarchical set of measures, particularly during integrated system validation, including plant performance, personnel task performance, situation awareness, cognitive workload, and anthropometric/physiological factors. Historically, subjective measures have been primarily used since they are easier to collect and do not require specialized equipment. However, there are pitfalls with relying solely on subjective measures in M&E such as negatively impacting reliability, sensitivity, and objectivity. As part of comprehensively capturing a diverse set of measures that strengthen findings and inferences made about the benefits from emerging technologies like advanced displays, this paper discusses the value of using eye tracking as an objective method that can be used in M&E. A brief description of eye tracking technology and relevant eye tracking measures is provided. Additionally, technical considerations and the unique challenges with using eye tracking in full-scale simulations are addressed. Finally, this paper shares preliminary findings regarding the use of a wearable eye tracking system in a full–scale simulator study. These findings should help guide future full–scale simulator studies using eye tracking as a methodology to evaluate human-system performance.

Active room compensation for sound reinforcement using sound field separation techniques.

This work investigates how the sound field created by a sound reinforcement system can be controlled at low frequencies. An indoor control method is proposed which actively absorbs the sound incident on a reflecting boundary using an array of secondary sources. The sound field is separated into incident and reflected components by a microphone array close to the secondary sources, enabling the minimization of reflected components by means of optimal signals for the secondary sources. The method is purely feed-forward and assumes constant room conditions. Three different sound field separation techniques for the modeling of the reflections are investigated based on plane wave decomposition, equivalent sources, and the Spatial Fourier transform. Simulations and an experimental validation are presented, showing that the control method performs similarly well at enhancing low frequency responses with the three sound separation techniques. Resonances in the entire room are reduced, although the microphone array and secondary sources are confined to a small region close to the reflecting wall. Unlike previous control methods based on the creation of a plane wave sound field, the investigated method works in arbitrary room geometries and primary source positions.

LIVING STYLES OF RECENT SETTLERS IN OSAKA MODERN NAGAYA:

This study examines how the traditional and characteristic spaces of the Osaka modern Nagaya (row-houses) have been adapted to support the lifestyles of contemporary resident settlers through an investigation of 18 Nagaya occupants. The relationships between Nagaya space characteristics and occupant living styles were found to be particularly notable when considering (1) how Nagaya spaces with earthen-floors were utilized, (2) the residents' relationship with the Nagaya garden, (3) living styles that embrace room continuity, and (4) floor material selection and seating style. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: (1) Nagaya are utilized as venues for combined business and/or communal activities as well as residences. Within them, residents tend to engage in a wide variety of work and community activities. (2) The modern Osaka Nagaya can be classified based on four floor plans by paying attention to the earthen floor locations. The relationship of these four floor plans with workplace activities can be discerned. For example, floor plans with wide earthen floors in the front are often utilized as stores or community activity hubs, whereas back rooms or second floor rooms having floor plans with entrance earthen floors are often utilized as medical and welfare/care service locations. (3) Room continuity styles particular to Nagaya were seen in every case. Based on the way first floor rooms were used, Nagaya spaces can be classified into three types and analyzed. In the first (continuous type) style, the opening and closing of various fittings are used to adjust space segments for each use, in particular, when switching functions between living space and work space that host shops or offices. However, there were also numerous one-room types in which all the fittings were removed and the entire room (second style) or some rooms (third style) were used as an open space. The living characteristics of the one-room type depended on their intended use, and could be more easily subdivided by hanging walls or wing walls. (4) Nagaya gardens were commonly retained after renovations, and were carefully tended. By arranging the living areas preferentially in locations where the garden can be seen, the new residents could create more comfortable indoor environments. (5) In Nagaya occupied by new residents, the number of tatami rooms have declined in favor of wooden flooring, especially on the first floor. Furthermore, dining rooms were commonly remodeled into “table and chair” seating styles, while in the living rooms a “closer to the floor” seating style is now preferred. In the bedrooms, the proportion of floor seating style layouts is higher, but in most cases tended to reflect family compositions. Based on the above, it can be seen that the unique characteristics of the Osaka modern Nagaya have been positively retained and are currently being utilized as dwellings by families who want to enjoy residential styles that are not limited by the range imposed by nLDK housing. In most of the Nagaya examined, various renovations were added at the time of occupancy, or were added incrementally during the living process. Nevertheless, the traditional and characteristic spatial arrangements—such as the garden, the earthen floor areas, and the continuity of rooms—were retained, and lifestyles that actively utilize these advantages are evolving. In our current era, in which modernization accompanied by westernization has almost completed changed the urban housing paradigm, Osaka modern Nagaya, which reflect Japanese traditional living arrangements, are being used effectively by modern residents, and have not lost their value as housing stock.

Research on Fire Safety Evacuation in a University Library in Nanjing

Abstract To research the fire peril arrival time and evacuation situation when fire extinguishing system fails, in this work Pyrosim and Pathfinder software were used to; simulate the spread of smoke and human evacuation in a university library in Nanjing during fires. Through the comparative analysis of the temperature, smoke layer height, the visibility, CO concentration and FED value, the simulation results show that, the risk time of the library is 280s, on the fire scale of 4MW; the risk time of reading room is 125s, on the fire scale of 8MW. The evacuation simulation results indicate that the evacuation time of the entire library and reading room is 411s and 165s respectively. Finally, the fire safety of the library is evaluated by comparing the risk time and evacuation time. It is concluded that the exit of each layer is the first to reach the dangerous state; the direction of the hazardous area is also the direction of safe evacuation. The risk time of the library and the reading room, is the time when the height of smoke down to 2m. Therefore, the staff activity height, smoke volume and detection alarm and other factors, should be considered in the system design of smoke control.

A novel incremental topological mapping using global visual features

Mapping is fundamental in the navigation task of autonomous mobile robots. In appearance-based mapping, the process of detecting visual loop closing determines whether the current observation comes from a previously visited location or a new one. The purpose of this paper is to present a new method of exploring indoor environments by an autonomous mobile robot, as well as building topological maps based on global visual attributes. This method takes advantage of the small size of the GIST descriptors, and the ease of their calculation. We also make use of omnidirectional images to build a single global visual descriptor showing an entire room. Furthermore, in order to handle the problem of a visual loop closing, we have employed a formula that correctly assigns each global descriptor to its location.

On optimization of thermal sensation satisfaction rate and energy efficiency of public rooms: A case study

For sustainability, many studies have been conducted on energy saving for HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning) systems. In a public place, different persons may have different thermal comfort requirements. Few studies are done so far for energy saving in a public place with HVAC systems that can accommodate many persons with thermal sensation differences for different persons being taken into account. In this work, during the summer from May to September in 2016, an investigation for energy saving is done in a large library room at Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China. In such a large room, the temperature in different areas is different and many students with different thermal sensations study in the room at the same time. Under such an environment, to save energy as well as maximize the total thermal satisfactory rate, a large number of experiments are carried out. Based on the collected data, methods are given to predict the indoor temperature for each reading area and thermal satisfactory rate under the current indoor temperature. Then, an efficient algorithm is developed to maximize the thermal satisfactory rate for the entire room by optimizing the input temperature of the ACC (air-conditioning control) system such that energy can be saved. Results show that, under the worst situation, by comparing with the manual control, the daily electricity saving is about 93 kWh and the electricity saving during the period from May to September is about 13,950 kWh.

Room impulse response synthesis with device diffraction via image source method and finite element analysis

A method to create an accurate reproduction of the soundfield on the surface of a device was developed through the combination of the image source method and anechoic finite element analysis simulations. Typically, the image source method is unable to model diffraction of sound pressure around a device, and it would be impractical to model the wave equation in an entire room with finite element analysis due to computational constraints. By combining the two techniques, however, individual impulse responses from a precomputed finite element dataset can be assembled like image sources to derive transfer functions from sources in space to receivers on the surface of a device. The finite element dataset is comprised of anechoic simulations of plane waves incident on the device, where the number and direction of plane waves are chosen to maximize angular resolution. The direction of arrival from a given image source is matched with a simulated plane wave, and the corresponding anechoic impulse response is delayed and attenuated according to the image source’s time of travel and reflection path. Each reflection is constructed in this manner, and all are summed to create a synthesized reverberant impulse response that accurately portrays diffraction around the device.

Emergency operations program is an excellent platform to deal with in-hospital operation disaster.

Described herein is the utilization of the hospital's Emergency Operations Plan and incident command structure to mitigate damage caused by the sudden loss of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system within the entire operating room suite. The ability to ameliorate a devastating situation that occurred during working hours at a busy Level II trauma center can be ascribed to the dedication of the leadership and clinical teams working seamlessly together. Their concerted efforts were augmented by adherence to an established protocol that had been thoroughly substantiated and practiced during numerous training simulations. This resulted in successful and timely resolution of an internal crisis that crippled the surgical capabilities of the sole trauma center in the county. After thorough investigation and identification of the issues that contributed to the malfunction, redundancies were built into the system to ensure that a similar incident did not occur again.

Numerical Study of Temperature and Air Velocity Distribution In Oil Filling Factory

This paper describes the use of CFD modeling to analyze the thermal comfort in the oil filling factory which has an area of 3000 m 2. the need for this analysis comes from an uncomfortable condition that is felt by the workers of the factory. A 3D simulation using FLUENT software 6.3.26 conducted to analyze the temperature and velocity distribution in the plant room. The water is assumed as an incompressible ideal gas, steady flow, turbulence models used k-e standard, the SIMPLE algorithm and second order upwind discretisation. Analysis was conducted on existing models and propose models, whereby on a model propose, the diffuser is installed above the workers with a height of 4,2 m above the floor, the velocity of supply air diffuser is varied from 1,5 m/s, 2 m/s, and 2,5 m/s. The simulation results show that the temperature distribution in the existing conditions in the range of about 34-36 ° C, this value exceeds the thermal comfort standards specified by ASHRAE. The simulation results show that the proposed model better temperature distribution, where the temperature is generated in the range of ASHRAE thermal comfort criteria, ranging from 24-26 °C, and the supply air velocity at the diffuser inlet of 1,5 m/s recommended for use in AHU system. For the 20 units of the diffuser with inlet velocity of 1,5 m / s, the mass flow rate that should be handled by a cooling device is 9 kg/s and require a cooling capacity of 0,128 MW. This is 58% more efficient than cooling the entire room factory.

Model of Thailand Speech Intelligibility (T-SI) in the Large Classrooms from Public University

The objectives of this research are to evaluate acoustic environments and to forecast STI values from spatial component variables in the large classrooms of the Thai public university that were specially controlled the same room finishing materials including the floor, walls, and ceiling. Whereas the five spatial component factors included (1) Room Volume (RV), (2) Ceiling Height (CH), (3) the Ratio of Depth to Width (Rdw), (4) Total Room Surface (TS), and (5) Percentage of Absorbing Surface areas (PAS). The research tools were the smartphones that used the applications for acoustical evaluation and speech intelligibility analysis. The Speech Transmission Index (STI), Reverberation Time (RT), and Background Noise Level (BNL) were collected by the calibrated microphone in the nine points distributed across the entire room. And also, the sounds for testing were simulated such as balloon burst, and STIPA signal via a sound generator. The Thailand Speech Intelligibility (T-SI) model was developed by the multiple regression analysis with a statistical at a confidence level of 95%.The results showed that this T-SI model depended on the strongly positive relationship of PAS and the slightly positive relationship of CH, TS while the RV, Rdw were slightly the negative relationship and which predicted STI values. Moreover, the highest affecting variable of T-SI model was CH and the lowest was PAS. However, this research implies that the improving room acoustic quality would be adjusting the sound absorbing surface areas i.e., increase the cloth curtain or appropriate methods.

Operating room fires in periocular surgery.

A survey of ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgeons as well as seven-year data regarding claims made to the Ophthalmic Mutual Insurance Company (OMIC) is used to discuss operating room fires in periocular surgery. A retrospective review of all closed claim operating room fires submitted to OMIC was performed. A survey soliciting personal experiences with operating room fires was distributed to all American Society of Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgeons. Over the last 2 decades, OMIC managed 7 lawsuits resulting from an operating room fire during periocular surgery. The mean settlement per lawsuit was $145,285 (range $10,000-474,994). All six patients suffered burns to the face, and three required admission to a burn unit. One hundred and sixty-eight surgeons participated in the online survey. Approximately 44% of survey respondents have experienced at least one operating room fire. Supplemental oxygen was administered in 88% of these cases. Most surgical fires reported occurred in a hospital-based operating room (59%) under monitored anesthesia care (79%). Monopolar cautery (41%) and thermal, high-temperature cautery (41%) were most commonly reported as the inciting agents. Almost half of the patients involved in a surgical fire experienced a complication from the fire (48%). Sixty-nine percent of hospital operating rooms and 66% of ambulatory surgery centers maintain an operating room fire prevention policy. An intraoperative fire can be costly for both the patient and the surgeon. Ophthalmic surgeons operate in an oxygen rich and therefore flammable environment. Proactive measures can be undertaken to reduce the incidence of surgical fires periocular surgery; however, a fire can occur at any time and the entire operating room team must be constantly vigilant to prevent and manage operating room fires.

Micro-environmental control for efficient local cooling

Micro-environment is hereby defined as the air space and environment around a person that directly impacts his/her thermal sensation. Most existing HVAC systems condition the air of the entire room including the unoccupied space, which leaves a big potential to save energy. This study aims at evaluating the performance of three existing air terminal devices (ATDs) to locally remove enough heat from the micro-environment to manage the thermal balance so as not to sacrifice thermal comfort when the ambient unoccupied space temperature is increased by 2.2 °C from 23.9 °C to 26.1 °C in the summer to reduce the external cooling load. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed, validated by full-scale chamber tests and applied to evaluate different configurations of the ATDs for local cooling. Results show that the predicted performance agreed well with the measurements, and the selected ATD, with only 50 W cooling power, was always able to remove a sufficient amount of heat from the micro-environment in a room of raised temperature, when the manikin was moved inside a semicircle movement range. The cooling performance of the jet was increased more by increasing the supply air flow rate than reducing the supply temperature and was highly dependent on the shooting angle. The heat flux from the manikin surface is very sensitive to the surface temperature and furniture placement, and proper specification of the surface temperature is crucial for the CFD simulation to match the measured results.

Simulation of irradiation exposure of electronic devices due to heavy ion therapy with Monte Carlo Code MCNP6

During heavy ion irradiation therapy the patient has to be located exactly at the right position to make sure that the Bragg peak occurs in the tumour. The patient has to be moved in the range of millimetres to scan the ill tissue. For that reason a special table was developed which allows exact positioning. The electronic control can be located outside the surgery. But that has some disadvantage for the construction. To keep the system compact it would be much more comfortable to put the electronic control inside the surgery. As a lot of high energetic secondary particles are produced during the therapy causing a high dose in the room it is important to find positions with low dose rates. Therefore, investigations are needed where the electronic devices should be located to obtain a minimum of radiation, help to prevent the failure of sensitive devices. The dose rate was calculated for carbon ions with different initial energy and protons over the entire therapy room with Monte Carlo particle tracking using MCNP6. The types of secondary particles were identified and the dose rate for a thin silicon layer and an electronic mixture material was determined. In addition, the shielding effect of several selected material layers was calculated using MCNP6.

Diesseits von Leib und Körper

The theory of practice is according to its self-conception a poststructuralistic research program. It is proceeding on the assumption of a body, that performs his material arrangement with artefacts on the basis of a social habitus in the sense of Bourdieu. In view of recent diagnosis of an affective turn in the social sciences the article fathoms on the basis of Michel Henry’s phenomenology the possibility to understand the (living) body as a body of mood or what he calls flesh. The body which is always in a special mood thus has an influence on acting. In a further step this assumption will broaden the scope to the entire room of interaction, where the practices take place. This includes next to the body of mood, collective moods of social groups and atmospheres as further parameters.

FILE SHARING SERVER MENGGUNAKAN SAMBA SERVER DAN LINUX UBUNTU 12.04 SERVER

Data storage on server laboratory at the computer science when needed.It was because application that progressively and document required was handled by more than one person.Currently there are 6 class space the laboratory contained 30 units of computer in each room. All the time, Laboran (person who manage and work in a laboratory) have to bring harddrive external if you want to install application needed for each the lab, but during this laboran has only two external hard drive. This condition resulted in the process of installation application in the laboratory require a long time. In addition, every month laboran have to make recapitulation contract for 22 person laboratory’s assistant. Now, to make contract assistant in the lab, laboran have to open one of the workstations that is in the fasilkom’s laboratory. This can slow performance, because laboran have to coming into the fasilkom’s laboratory. By the presence of the problems mentioned above, then built a file sharing that is used to hold the application of which is required in the entire room of Fasilkom’s laboratory. In addition, a file sharing this can be used to speed up the emoluments of the preparation of reports on the whole lab assistant that until now had been stored luminance space laboratory so that laboran no need to use more external hard disk in installation perform the process of application by opening the Samba through Windows Server Explorer. It is also the case to compile the report honorarium of the lab’s assistant, laboran enough to use of a file sharing fastly. A file sharing development is using the Linux Ubuntu operating system Version 12.04 and the application of the Samba Servers the Samba to connect storage a file that is in linux so that it can be opened in a windows or linux operating system based. Keywords : File Sharing Server, Samba Server, Linux Ubuntu, Computer Lab.

Computational fluid dynamics study on the influence of an alternate ventilation configuration on the possible flow path of infectious cough aerosols in a mock airborne infection isolation room

When infectious epidemics occur, they can be perpetuated within health care settings, potentially resulting in severe health care workforce absenteeism, morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. The ventilation system configuration of an airborne infection isolation room is one factor that can play a role in protecting health care workers from infectious patient bioaerosols. Though commonly associated with airborne infectious diseases, the airborne infection isolation room design can also impact other transmission routes such as short-range airborne as well as fomite and contact transmission routes that are impacted by contagion concentration and recirculation. This article presents a computational fluid dynamics study on the influence of the ventilation configuration on the possible flow path of bioaerosol dispersal behavior in a mock airborne infection isolation room. At first, a mock airborne infection isolation room was modeled that has the room geometry and layout, ventilation parameters, and pressurization corresponding to that of a traditional ceiling-mounted ventilation arrangement observed in existing hospitals. An alternate ventilation configuration was then modeled to retain the linear supply diffuser in the original mock airborne infection isolation room but interchanging the square supply and exhaust locations to place the exhaust closer to the patient source and allow clean air from supply vents to flow in clean-to-dirty flow paths, originating in uncontaminated parts of the room prior to entering the contaminated patient's air space. The modeled alternate airborne infection isolation room ventilation rate was 12 air changes per hour. Two human breathing models were used to simulate a source patient and a receiving health care worker. A patient cough cycle was introduced into the simulation, and the airborne infection dispersal was tracked in time using a multi-phase flow simulation approach. The results from the alternate configuration revealed that the cough aerosols were pulled by the exhaust vent without encountering the health care worker by 0.93 s after patient coughs and the particles were controlled as the aerosols’ flow path was uninterrupted by an air particle streamline from patient to the ceiling exhaust venting out cough aerosols. However, not all the aerosols were vented out of the room. The remaining cough aerosols entered the health care worker's breathing zone by 0.98 s. This resulted in one of the critical stages in terms of the health care worker's exposure to airborne virus and presented the opportunity for the health care worker to suffer adverse health effects from the inhalation of cough aerosols. Within 2 s, the cough aerosols reentered and recirculated within the patient and health care worker's surroundings resulting in pockets of old contaminated air. By this time, coalescence losses decreased as the aerosol were no longer in very close proximity and their movement was primarily influenced by the airborne infection isolation room airflow patterns. In the patient and health care worker's area away from the supply, the fresh air supply failed to reach this part of the room to quickly dilute the cough aerosol concentration. The exhaust was also found to have minimal effect upon cough aerosol removal, except for those areas with high exhaust velocities, very close to the exhaust grill. Within 5–20 s after a patient's cough, the aerosols tended to break up to form smaller sized aerosols of less than one micron diameter. They remained airborne and entrained back into the supply air stream, spreading into the entire room. The suspended aerosols resulted in the floating time of more than 21 s in the room due to one cough cycle. The duration of airborne contagion in the room and its prolonged exposure to the health care worker is likely to happen due to successive coughing cycles. Hence, the evaluated alternate airborne infection isolation room is not effective in removing at least 38% particles exposed to health care worker within the first second of a patient's cough.

A picture's worth a thousand words: a food‐selection observational method

Issue addressed: Methods are needed to accurately measure and describe behaviour so that social marketers and other behaviour change researchers can gain consumer insights before designing behaviour change strategies and so, in time, they can measure the impact of strategies or interventions when implemented. This paper describes a photographic method developed to meet these needs.Methods: Direct observation and photographic methods were developed and used to capture food-selection behaviour and examine those selections according to their healthfulness. Four meals (two lunches and two dinners) were observed at a workplace buffet-style cafeteria over a 1-week period. The healthfulness of individual meals was assessed using a classification scheme developed for the present study and based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines.Results: Approximately 27% of meals (n = 168) were photographed. Agreement was high between raters classifying dishes using the scheme, as well as between researchers when coding photographs. The subset of photographs was representative of patterns observed in the entire dining room. Diners chose main dishes in line with the proportions presented, but in opposition to the proportions presented for side dishes.Conclusions: The present study developed a rigorous observational method to investigate food choice behaviour. The comprehensive food classification scheme produced consistent classifications of foods. The photographic data collection method was found to be robust and accurate. Combining the two observation methods allows researchers and/or practitioners to accurately measure and interpret food selections. Consumer insights gained suggest that, in this setting, increasing the availability of green (healthful) offerings for main dishes would assist in improving healthfulness, whereas other strategies (e.g. promotion) may be needed for side dishes.So what?: Visual observation methods that accurately measure and interpret food-selection behaviour provide both insight for those developing healthy eating interventions and a means to evaluate the effect of implemented interventions on food selection.

Microbiological burden in air culture at various units of a tertiary care government hospital in Nepal.

The environmental matrices (water, air, and surfaces) play a vital role as reservoirs of Legionella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas spp.). Hence, hospital environment control procedures are effective measures for reducing nosocomial infections. This study was carried out to explore the profiles of microorganisms in air culture at various wards/units of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at various wards/units of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal between January and September 2015 to explore the microbiological burden in inanimate objects. Each week one ward or unit was selected for the study. Bed, tap, the entire room, trolley, computer, phone, rack handles, table, chair, door, stethoscope, oxygen mask, gown, cupboard handles, and wash basins were selected for air culture testing. Ten different wards/units and 77 locations/pieces of equipment were selected for air culture by employing a simple random sampling technique. Information about the organisms was entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22 (IBM: Armonk, NY) and descriptive analyses were carried out. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Micrococcus, coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS), Bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yeast, and Acinetobacter were the most commonly detected organisms. In the postoperative ward, S. aureus was the most frequently detected microorganism. Micrococcus was detected in four out of 10 locations. In the x-ray unit, S. aureus was detected in three out of four locations. S. aureus, Micrococcus, CONS, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, yeast, and Acinetobacter were the most common organisms detected.