Economic Safety Of Enterprise Research Articles

THE EXTERNAL FACTORS' INFLUENCE ON THE TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE'S MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC SAFETY

Improving the production capacity of modern transport enterprises requires increased attention to the environmental component of their activities. The close connection between the transport enterprises’ environmental and economic activities contributed to the formation and popularization of the concept of ecological and economic safety management. The conducted research allows us to identify the directions and features of the environmental factors’ influence on the ecological and economic safety management of transport enterprises. As part of the research, the legal framework in the field of environmental and economic safety management of a transport enterprise was studied, and the peculiarities of the influence of external environmental factors on the environmental and economic safety management of enterprises were analysed. The purpose of the study is to explore the environmental factors that affect the management of environmental and economic safety of the enterprise. As part of achieving the goal, the following tasks were solved: groups of environmental factors affecting the ecological and economic safety management of the transport enterprise were identified; the primary importance of factors was determined; the legal framework in the field of environmental and economic safety of transport enterprises has been studied; the intricacies of the influence of environmental factors on the ecological and economic safety of transport enterprises were analysed. The conducted analysis of the environmental factors’ influence on the management of ecological and economic safety of transport enterprises can be used to form a system of indicators for assessing the level of ecological and economic safety of a transport enterprise, direct assessment and development of a mechanism for increasing the level of ecological and economic safety of a transport enterprise.

Methodology of Structural and Functional Approach to Management of the Enterprise Economic Safety

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that there are several approaches to managing economic security. In this context, the purpose of the article is to generalize existing scientific approaches to managing the economic safety of an enterprise and to investigate their compliance with the objectives of such a management. Moreover, this article aims to analyze the objects of danger in the management of economic security of enterprises. Leading approach to the study of this problem is the comparative method that has afforded revealing peculiarities of the basic concepts of structural-functional access. In the article theoretical generalization of the main provisions of the resource-functional approach are presented. The materials of the paper imply the practical significance for the university teachers of the economic specializations.

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL SPACE

The article analyzes the concepts of determining the essence of enterprise economic safety. It was underlined that the enterprise economic safety provided branching, diversification and expansion of structural elements, connections and relations of its resource space, their protection from internal and external threats, whose actions can greatly reduce or ruine its environment, slow down or restrain the development of the enterprise, transform its path to the defined strategic goal. It was grounded that the main functional components of economic safety are: financial, human resources, technical and technology, politico-legal, innovation-investment, environmental and informational. The main features of determination of functions of the enterprise economic safety management are identified. On the basis of weighted analysis of the management tools we made a conclusion that the management of the economic safety of the MTE (motor-transport enterprise) in the event of the appearance of information signaled about the danger of an enterprise efficiency reduction, the imperfection of the methods of planning, correction, organization of production, mismatch of the existing objectives of the enterprise and the requirements of the environment should include such an efficient subsystem of information-analytical service, which would be aimed at improving the quality and management effectiveness by prioritizing. It was conducted that the modern quality management model for most domestic enterprises should be based on the basic principles, namely: a systematic approach to management; orientation of business on management of «organizational culture» as a system of values of the enterprise personnel; scientific approach to the formation and substantiation of managerial decisions; dynamism and variability of utilization of technology, methods and tools of enterprise management; the importance and diligence of the inability to make managerial decisions of information; promotion of activation of innovative management; using script approach to develop specific managerial decisions; orientation on the strategic goals of an enterprise development. The theoretic and methodical approach to construction of a structural model of an enterprise economic safety management is proposed, which will make possible to identify clearly functional and essential links, provide internal balance in the enterprise activity and correspondence of its mission and the strategic direction of the system of its priority interests. According to the proposed scheme the object of management (controlled system) is the very economic safety, which, in its turn, decomposed into seven subsystems of various functional components of the enterprise economic safety (financial, technical and technological, personnel, political, legal, environmental, information, innovation and investment). And under the proposed approach in the system of economic safety management the subsystem of enterprise economic safety plays the role of control (managing) subsystem (coordinator), which provides for the overall EES management.The necessity of further, more in-depth study of the influence of such destructive and destabilizing phenomena that may cause irreversible consequences and threaten the functioning of the organization is substantiated. The next stage of the study should be a comprehensive assessment of the interconnection of such destructive and destabilizing phenomena as threats, risks and dangers that may cause irreversible consequences and, in general, threaten the organization functioning.

Theoretical essence of risks, hazards and threats in the context of enterprise economic safety provision

Subject, purpose of work. In the article it was conducted a theoretical generalization of the essence of concepts such as: risk, danger and threat of economic activity, as well as it was revealed their nature and interconnection was established. It is proved the possibility of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise on the basis of realization of the essence of risks, dangers and threats of enterprise economic activity. Method or methodology of work. In the course of the research there were used the following general scientific and specific methods and techniques of cognition such as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, and scientific abstraction. The result of work. It has been established that the competitive environment hides some uncertainty, which requires the enterprise to make economic decisions. Each economic decision, in its turn, is likely to endanger the risks which can lead to dangerous situations in the absence of influence on them. The risk may be justified, which ultimately gives the company new opportunities for development, and may be unjustifiable, which will contain a number of hazards that can threaten the enterprise. Thus, the provision of economic security is seen to mitigate the negative effects of factors that directly or indirectly influence the adoption of risky decisions in order to prevent the threats of the enterprise. Therefore, the threat is a form of danger that arises as a result of a risky economic decision. The approaches to the classification of threats of enterprise activity are summarized, which give an expanded view of the causes of their occurrence and management tools in order to avoid or mitigate negative consequences. The field of results application. The obtained results can be applied at formation, maintenance and increase of economic safety of the enterprise. Conclusions. The combination of approaches to understanding the essence of risks, threats and dangers underline once again the lack of consensus on the nature of these concepts. However, despite this fact, the following can be noted: the presence of risks, threats and dangers compels the enterprise to develop, learn, refine and sharpen its protective mechanisms in order to minimize the influence of these factors on economic activity. Classification of threats enables to identify the tools for managing them in the process of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise.

Generalized indicator and classification structures of the capital of the industrial enterprises

One of key questions of support of the enterprise economic safety is assessment of a level of closeness to bankruptcy. There are several known methods of such assessment among which the method of the scoring analysis considering the principles of creation of the modern expert systems and giving a rating assessment of a financial status in general is selected. However the task of search of a method of the preliminary express assessment allowing to gain quickly an impression about financial status is relevant. It is offered to use for this purpose the generalized liquidity indicator – the rating number using the most informative signs of solvency and liquidity (an index of the general solvency, absolute liquidity index, coefficient of the current liquidity, a share of reverse assets in balance, coefficient of a covering of current assets by SOS). Weight factors of rating number (vector of priorities) are defined by the modern method of the analysis of hierarchies of T. Saati. Data of balances of ten domestic enterprises for which financial coefficients of solvency and liquidity are calculated are provided. After their normalization by boundaries of normal restrictions new variables – signs of liquidity, proceeding from a condition of the maximum informativeness are entered. The generalized liquidity indicators for the researched enterprises are calculated and are compared to the results of scoring financial analysis in general expressed as the score of profitability of the cumulative capital, coefficient of the current liquidity and coefficient of autonomy. Correlation analysis of a level of closeness of results of both methods on the basis of Pearson and Spirmen's criteria is carried out. Close correlative connection of the received results is established (Pearson's correlation coefficient k = 0.799, coefficient of grade correlation of Spirmen ? = 0.824) that allows to recommend calculation of the generalized liquidity indicator as the preliminary express valuation method of a financial status.

The application of multiloop diagnostics model to assess and improve the economic security of enterprises

The author’s research is dedicated to the enhancement of the level of the enterprise economic safety. This task involves developing the concept of an integrated system for early prevention of dangers and threats of business activity, substantiation of procedures for regulating the activities of the enterprise in accordance with the changing external and internal factors. Multiloop diagnostics model is proposed to identify causal relations of management dysfunction. It allows you to receive an adequate assessment of the basic parameters of activity of the enterprise and accurately identify its status. Researching problems of economic safety of the enterprise such diagnostic methods as economic and logical analysis, statistical monitoring and strategic management were applied. There was made a conclusion that a qualitative assessment is a key tool of the level assessment of the enterprise economic safety, its control, and monitoring. It allows you to get reliable information about the real possibilities of the enterprise at different stages of development, to monitor and evaluate the level of economic security, find effective solutions to transition to a higher level of economic safety of the enterprise.