University Enterprise Research Articles

Enterprising University Put to the Test

Educational leaders are increasingly required to become effective change agents as schools and universities are faced with pressures to cut costs and adapt to stakeholder demands. This case details the administrative challenges of restructuring a private-sector higher education provider from a traditional to an enterprising university capable of making agile responses to promote its success. Focus is on a dean as change leader in the dynamic environment of transnational higher education in the Middle East.

From Internationalisation to Education for Global Citizenship: a Multi‐Layered History

AbstractThe evolving narrative on internationalisation in higher education is complex and multi‐layered. This overview explores the evolution of thinking about internationalisation among different stakeholder groups in universities. It parses out eight coexisting layers that progress from concerns based largely upon institutional survival and competition to those based on community, citizenship and ways of being in the world. These are: (1) recruiting international students; (2) teaching international students; (3) growing the international enterprise university through the competitive recruitment of international staff and students; (4) compliance with standards set by international accreditation agencies; (5) ‘internationalisation at home’, which means internationalisation of the curriculum for local learners; (6) education for global citizenship; (7) connected e‐learning; and (8) education for planetary, whole‐Earth, consciousness. Problems of leadership and policy development arise from the necessity to engage with the whole structure as well to communicate with each layer in ways that resonate with its own priorities. The structure aligns closely with the ‘spiral dynamics’ model for the management of organisational change, which is commended.

Ean Universiy Sinertic Cluster Alliance: A Success Case of University Enterprise Relationship

This case presents the most important advances that have been developed by the departament of Research at the University EAN within the Cluster SINERTIC with respect to knowledge generation and transfer from academia to the real sector of the economy, mainly in Information and Communications Technology (ICT).

Enterprising Versus Traditional Change Management in a For-Profit University

Universities for decades have used bureaucratic organizational structures as they relied on government funding and operated in stable environments. Educational innovations and market developments have prompted the enterprising university movement that emphasizes flexibility, employee involvement, and interface with the external environment. Many administrators and faculty members in universities today received their education and work experience in large state-supported, bureaucratically structured universities. A value for bureaucratic practices may persist as these individuals transition to non-traditional universities operating in dynamic environments. The present study used the case method to explore the extent to which organizational change in a for-profit university in the Middle East was perceived as being managed using a bureaucratic versus an enterprising approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with faculty, administrators, and members of the university's board of trustees. Results suggested that the change process was perceived as being bureaucratically managed with administrators making the decisions. This appears contrary to collegial values that characterize universities and inconsistent with the dynamic, open market in which the university operated. Findings provide an example that may help to raise administrative awareness of how past assumptions and behavioral scripts can conflict with an enterprising approach to change management.

Survey on the status of cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge master of the masses in Yantian district of Shenzhen city

Objective To analyze the status of first-aid knowledge master of university volunteers and enterprise employees in Yantian district of Shenzhen city so as to provide the basis for the popularity of first-aid knowledge education.Methods Used questionnaire survey method,262 volunteers and 298 enterprise employees who received the university training about first-aid knowledge before and after training were investigated,then contrasted the results.The content validity of the questionnaire was 0.88,the overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.865,and the reliability was 0.873.Results Totals of 255 valid questionnaires for volunteers and 288 valid questionnaires for enterprise workers were taken back,with the effective rate of 97.3％ and 96.6％.Enterprise workers accounted for 27.78％ and volunteers accounted for 40.39％ who never training,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).23.26％ enterprise workers and 10.93％ volunteers who personally encountered sudden death,and significant difference was found (P ＜ 0.01).The two groups acquired knowledge about unarmed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) mainly by television,accounting for 39.93％ and 37.25％,respectively.Compared with the enterprise employees,14.90％ volunteers unwilling give artificial respiration,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =13.35,P ＜0.01).Conclusions It is necessary to carry out the universal education about the multifarious first-aid knowledge including CPR,so as to strengthen the attention of public popularity to the training of first-aid knowledge and improve the consciousness and initiative of the public participation in first aid. Key words: First-aid; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) ; Education; Volunteers; Enterprise employees

Reflection on Challenges and Countermeasure of Entrepreneurship Education in China

With the rapid pace of globalization, uncertainty, and discontinuous knowledge-based society, for a country, innovation and entrepreneurship have become the main competence. After the World War Ⅱ, small and medium sized enterprises have promoted economic productivity and offered new job opportunities. Based on this, Entrepreneurship education has become a rapid new field in the universities. Entrepreneurship education is one of the basic ways to solve the employment problem of university students. At present, university enterprise education in China has just started, facing many problems. This paper attempts to make a theoretic reflection on problems of entrepreneurship education in China and make suggestive countermeasure.

Creative Research Ethics in the Enterprise University: What Price Academic Freedom?

Between 1990 and 2010, the New Zealand university adopted an enterprise form. The nature of academic work changed commensurate with changes in the external regulatory and funding environment, the internal performative research culture, the proliferation of trans-national researcher networks, and the growing managerial codification of acceptable academic behaviour. Based on emergent trends in these areas between 1990 and 2010, and using the author's institution as an illustrative case, the article looks forward to the possible relationships between academic freedom and research ethics in the New Zealand enterprise university of 2030.

Special Issue: Enterprise Education, Universities and Entrepreneurship

<i>Special Issue</i>: Enterprise Education, Universities and Entrepreneurship

University Enterprise: The Growth and Impact of University-Related Companies in London

Over the last decade policies framing the enterprise agenda for UK higher education institutions (HEIs) have consistently emphasized the potential impact of successful universities on both regional and national economies. Such policies have been backed by significant public funding to ensure that the UK HEI sector is able to compete globally in the creation and exploitation of cutting-edge science. Collectively, these initiatives have led to the development of a ‘third mission’ for universities – increasing the pace and impact of knowledge-exchange activities – while simultaneously maintaining and improving their more traditional research and teaching activities. Previous studies have demonstrated the contribution of universities to the growth of high-technology clusters as well as to knowledge exchange activities more generally. However, the extent to which these activities, particularly the formation of new university-related companies, deliver benefits to particular regions and cities is imperfectly understood. As a consequence, the economic and social impact of companies originating in universities in the UK is generally under-reported by official surveys, which frequently fail to capture details of the trajectories of such companies after formation. These considerations form the context for this paper, which presents the results from a detailed study of the impact of science and technology based academic spin-offs from a cross-section of London's HEIs.

Special Issue: Enterprise Education and University Entrepreneurship

<i>Special Issue</i>: Enterprise Education and University Entrepreneurship

The role of Chinese universities in enterprise–university research collaboration

In this paper the role of Chinese universities in enterprise---university research collaboration is investigated. This study focuses on a special aspect of the collaboration--co-authored articles. The two cases are analyzed: (1) research collaboration between Baosteel Group Corporation and Chinese universities; (2) research collaboration between China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation and Chinese universities. The co-authorship data over the period 1998---2007 were searched from CNKI database, the largest Chinese publication and citation database. The main findings are as follows: the number of articles co-authored by enterprise and university scientists has been increasing rapidly; the share of co-authored articles has been growing; the authors from universities are more possible to be the first authors; as a whole, enterprise---university co-authored articles tend to receive more citations and get downloaded more frequently; a mathematical orientation emerges in the enterprise---university articles. To reveal and describe such a trend the methods of keywords analysis and co-occurrence analysis are applied. The Chinese government's policy instruments and substantial supports for pushing and improving enterprise---university research collaboration are introduced and analyzed.

Becoming academic: a reflection on doctoral candidacy

Higher education policy studies over the last decade have addressed the detrimental effects of neoliberalism, new public managerialism and audit cultures on the nature, organisation, form and meanings of higher education at a macro level. This article addresses the micro-practices through which the author, as doctoral candidate and knowledge worker, understands his academic subjectivity to have been constituted and lived. It foregrounds the practices through which the academy and academic knowledge, academic work and standards, and academic subjectivities are constituted, regulated, embodied and performed. It argues for resistance to the reduction of the outcomes of candidature to metrics and economic indicators, and recognises that this resistance produces a necessary ambivalence about academic labour in the enterprise university.

What are universities for?

Governments worldwide rightly regard universities as fundamental to the achievement of many national priorities. But it is the paper’s contention that many misunderstand their true benefit to society. Investments in universities are increasingly based on the belief that the science labs in particular of research-intensive universities can be the source of a continuous stream of people and ideas that will spawn innovative and fast growing companies to form the nexus of the knowledge-based economy. This belief is a source of misconceived policies that offer only ultimate disillusion. It is the totality of the university enterprise that is important, as the only place where that totality of ourselves and our world is brought together, and which makes it the strongest provider of the rational explanation and meaning that societies need. In research, universities create new possibilities; in teaching, they shape new people. Its graduates learn to seek the true meaning of things: to distinguish between the true and the merely seemingly true, to verify for themselves what is stable in that very unstable compound that often passes for knowledge. It is the complex, interacting whole of the university that is the source of the separate economic, social, cultural and utilitarian benefits valued by society. It needs to be understood, valued and managed as a whole. These perceptions are a direct challenge to not only to governments but to university administrators who have been either cowed or seduced into the slipshod thinking that is leading to demands that universities cannot satisfy, whilst obscuring their most important contributions. The challenge to both is to permit autonomy without oppressive accountability, and to give staff and students the freedom to think, speculate and research. These are the very conditions of the personal and collective creativity that are the sources of a university’s deepest benefits to its society.

Research writing in the sciences: Liminal territory and high emotion

Academic and scientific literacy experts agree that becoming literate in an academic discipline involves coordinating language learning, and thinking in increasingly sophisticated ways to enable participation in discipline practices of knowledge construction. Despite this knowledge, understanding of writing pedagogies in tertiary science are in their infancy, and in the absence of universal methodologies of support there are potential consequences for research students as they progress from novice to expert in their discipline. We investigated the writing experiences of Science research students in an Australian university, with a focus on the writing needs of these students. Using a mixed method approach, quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 65 individuals (29 supervisors and 36 students) in an online questionnaire and in seven follow-up focus groups and interviews with 28 supervisors and nine students. The key themes which emerged from the data were the key role of supervisors, the relative importance and degree of difficulty of doctoral writing tasks and the anxiety, stress, struggle and high emotion, associated with “learning to write”, experienced by both students and supervisors. Despite considerable diversity, many supervisors were focussed on the product and outcome of writing, while many students struggled with the process of writing. Such struggles centred around the scatter gun of idiosyncratic, and sometimes good ideas which supervisors and students used to transition through liminal space to emerge with new writing skills and discipline understandings. There was a clear sense that the final product was the responsibility of the supervisor. Even to the extent of writing the thesis for the student. This indicates the time and publication pressures that students and supervisors are under with the rise of the enterprise university.

Betting on indigenous innovation or relying on FDI: The Chinese strategy for catching-up

This paper characterizes the national innovation system (NIS) built up in China and analyses whether this NIS is helpful for China to catch up. Our research methodology is based on the combination of the theoretical contributions of the new growth theory and the NIS approaches, but also benefits from empirical evidence collected during an OECD research project targeted at the study of the Chinese NIS. We find that the Chinese NIS is composed of two complementary building blocks: an FDI-based innovation system and an indigenous innovation system. If both systems are shown to have a positive influence on China’s catching-up process, the indigenous innovation system however does not seem as influential as the FDI-based one. We suggest that the Chinese NIS should be reconsidered and designed in such a way to be able to improve the absorption and innovation capability of domestic firms and to strengthen university–enterprise interactions.

UNIFEI, Brazil: a case study of the role of the university in local development

The paper analyses the role played by the Universidade Federal de Itajuba, Brazil, in fomenting local development via the establishment and management of technology, traditional and cooperative incubators. Our theoretical basis for this analysis is the Triple Helix theory, which understands economic development as occurring through the transformation of traditional cultural-industrial areas into regional development poles, which are sustained by an alliance between government, university and private enterprise. In a Triple Helix region, universities and other knowledge-generating institutions are linked with investment funds and venture capital organisations to promote development through the interaction of three non-linear fields: knowledge, consensus and innovation.

O empreendedorismo acadêmico no contexto da interação Universidade - Empresa - Governo

No contexto da cooperação entre universidade, empresa e governo sobressaem-se os conceitos complementares de "universidade empreendedora" e "empreendedorismo acadêmico", nos quais uma instituição acadêmica vai além da formação, desempenhando um papel no Sistema de Inovação e no desenvolvimento do país. Considerando essa discussão, este estudo tem como objetivo abordar a questão da capacitação da universidade para promover a cooperação, tendo como base as seguintes questões de pesquisa: Como ocorre a cooperação da universidade com as empresas e o governo e desses com a universidade? Quais as barreiras e vantagens para os entes participantes? Que contratos e arranjos são articulados para a concretização dessa interação? A metodologia de natureza qualitativa faz uso do caso Parque de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (PADETEC) ligado a uma universidade federal, enquanto instituição situada na fronteira dessas relações. A análise dos dados baseou-se na técnica da análise temática que se insere no conjunto das técnicas da Análise de Conteúdo. A análise evidenciou que há atuação de uma universidade empreendedora, mas, sobretudo, o empreendedorismo acadêmico dá sinais de existência; porém, é preciso ainda percorrer um longo caminho para se consolidar estes conceitos e, em consequência, a complementaridade entre suas respectivas práticas.

In/Difference in the neoliberalised university

In this article the authors take up the invitation to respond to the previous articles in the special issue. They discuss why it is so difficult to speak and write about gender and sexuality, and difference more generally, in the neoliberalised university. They make the case that the neoliberal university engages and uses categorical difference, and the individuals inhabiting these, mainly for auditing purposes. The authors develop the argument that despite the enterprise university's official commitments to diversity and inclusion, it remains indifferent to difference, understood as openness to becoming different, to differenciation in a Deleuzian sense. Difference is privatised and depoliticised and is only acceptable if it is useful and exploitable in pre-specified ways and if it conforms to and facilitates neoliberal agendas.

849 ROLE OF TESTOSTERONE IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF LICHEN SCLEROSUS

You have accessJournal of UrologyPenis/Testis/Urethra: Benign & Malignant Disease III1 Apr 2010849 ROLE OF TESTOSTERONE IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF LICHEN SCLEROSUS Joshua Meeks, Tao Qi, John Cashy, Ximing Yang, and Chris Gonzalez Joshua MeeksJoshua Meeks More articles by this author , Tao QiTao Qi More articles by this author , John CashyJohn Cashy More articles by this author , Ximing YangXiming Yang More articles by this author , and Chris GonzalezChris Gonzalez More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.2351AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an inflammatory disorder that affects the urethra of men and genital skin of both men and women. Testosterone cream has been used to treat vulvar lichen sclerosus but the role of hormonal deficiency and testosterone application in the treatment of LS remains undescribed. The goal of our study was to determine the frequency of hypogonadism in men with LS and quantify the expression of the androgen receptor in tissue from men with LS. METHODS From the Northwestern University Enterprise Data Warehouse, a database of over 2 million patients cared for at Northwestern University from 1986 to 2009, men with pathologically identified LS were identified. As a control population, a cohort of control men matched 5:1 by both age and race were identified from the men who presented to our urology department for any treatment. A diagnosis of hypogonadism was identified by ICD9 code and medications used to treat hypogonadism were selected from a list of medications prescribed by physicians. Immunohistochemistical analysis was performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue sections of men with LS using standard protocols and immunoreactivity for the androgen receptor (AR) was determined by a urological pathologist. RESULTS A total of 97 men were identified to have biopsy proven LS and this cohort was compared to 485 men without LS as a control population. Of men with LS 3(3%) had a diagnosis of hypogonadism as compared to 62 men (12.8%) in the control population (p=0.006). There were no men with LS receiving testosterone supplementation for hypogonadism as compared to 12 men (2.5%) of the control population (p=0.11). Immunohistochemical analysis of 31 specimens for AR expression was performed to determine if tissues affected by LS could benefit from treatment with testosterone application. Weak (focal) or cytoplasmic expression of the AR was found in 9 (29%) men, while strong nuclear positive expression was identified in only 7 (22%). CONCLUSIONS Men with LS rarely have an associated diagnosis of hypogonadism and none have undergone testosterone supplementation at our institution. Importantly, immunohistochemical analysis of LS affected tissue did not demonstrate androgen receptor expression in the majority of specimens from men with LS. This suggests that local testosterone application would have benefit in only a subset of LS patients. Chicago, IL© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 183Issue 4SApril 2010Page: e331 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Joshua Meeks More articles by this author Tao Qi More articles by this author John Cashy More articles by this author Ximing Yang More articles by this author Chris Gonzalez More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

A tale of two women leaders: Diversity policies and practices in enterprise universities

This paper explores the ways in which senior female academics’ leadership practices are informed and negotiated in relation to a multiplicity of fields. As part of the shift in the logics of practice underpinning the Australian academic terrain, there has been a movement from the implementation of equity policies to that of diversity in relation to the employment of academic staff, characterised by neoliberal discourses of new public management which favour the production of the individualistic, entrepreneurial academic identity as opposed to notions of collectivity and the public good. However, diversity policies are not the sole texts that inform the ways in which many women leaders operate, nor the most important in guiding the practices they produce. Drawing on a larger study of representations of women’s leadership in the media and academia, this paper examines how two leading female academics drew upon a range of logics of practices within the different fields of academia, feminism and Indigenous rights to inform their leadership practices. In so doing, the women contested the emergent logic of practice underpinning the contemporary Australian academic field. Such contestation can be considered one of the “subaltern” consequences of policy regimes and forms an integral part of policy fields.