Perspective Of Enterprises Research Articles

Factors affecting the adoption of BYOD in South African small and medium enterprises

AbstractThe advancement in technological development is now altering the conventional order in the diffusion of Information Technology innovation from a top‐down approach (organization to employees) to a bottom‐up approach (employees to organization). This change is more notable in developed economies and has led to the bring your own device (BYOD) phenomenon, which promises increased productivity for employees and their organizations. There have been several studies on the corporate adoption of BYOD, but few have investigated this phenomenon from a small and medium enterprise (SME) perspective and from developing countries specifically. This study investigated the BYOD phenomenon in South African SMEs. The goal was to identify contextual factors influencing BYOD adoption. A conceptual framework using the Perceived EReadiness Model (PERM) was adopted. The study took an interpretive stance and was qualitative. Data was collected from SMEs using semi‐structured interviews and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The findings show that for BYOD to be adopted and institutionalized in an SME, there needs to be organizational and environmental readiness. Organizational readiness in terms of awareness, management support, business resources, human resources, employees' pressure, formal governance, and technological readiness. Environmental readiness in terms of market forces, support from industry, government readiness and the socio‐cultural factor. These readiness factors present both opportunities and challenges that SMEs in developing countries need to concentrate on as they prepare for and use BYOD.

Prawo i emocje - synteza ruchu

While Law & Emotions movement made large waves in the international academic community in the last 30 years, it remains virtually unknown in Poland. However, applying perspectives of this multidisciplinary research enterprise in Polish law and jurisprudence could yield promising results. As the field is vast and consists of many voices, an attempt at consolidating its findings and demonstrating their relevance is needed. The objective of the text is thus to provide a cross-section of this influential movement and point out why it potentially revolutionizes thinking about law. To this end, the text analyses a body of works dealing with the relationship between law and emotion, evaluates their usefulness and presents the finding across a range of potential implications for: theory and philosophy of law, study of constitutional law and lawmaking, particular doctrines of law and knowledge about emotions of legal actors.

Value Chain Analysis of Rattan in Nepal

This study highlights the existing situations of production, value addition, marketing and uses of rattan cane in Nepal. Rattan enterprises exist as a small and medium enterprise (SME) within and outside the community forest user groups. The study was designed based on the exploratory research and was carried out in Kailali and Bardiya districts. The main objective was to assess the constraints and opportunities of rattan cane enterprise as well as design business solutions. Systematic random sampling method was followed to take the sampling of CFUGs, households and small and medium enterprises. Primary data was collected through focus group discussions, key informants interview, direct observations, open-ended questionnaires, and inventory of growing stock. Similarly, secondary data was collected from progress reports, Forest Operational Plans, audit reports and records of community forest user groups and Division Forest Offices. Sampling design was ascertained representing sampling units of rattan managed Community Forest User Groups and processing industries. The questionnaire survey was conducted to executive committee members of 8 Community Forest User Groups, 526 households and 12 rattan processing industries/ enterprises. Direct observation and interaction with CFUG and entrepreneurs were another major source of information. The quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS 20 and Microsoft Excel software tools. The identified major constraints concerning the selected value chains were: absence of detailed resource inventory in the approved Forest Operational Plans; inadequate knowledge about resource management, poor capacity to incorporate environmental policy concerns, weak business competitiveness, insufficient information about market and poor marketing knowledge. The study also identified a number of opportunities both in the community as well as enterprise perspective. For example, resource potential and monetary benefits to the community people; contribution in community development, involvement of service providers in forest resource management; employment generation and leveraging ecosystem services. The findings suggested technical and business solutions for the effective value chain of rattan cane.

A Study on the Impact of Brand Spokesman on Consumers' Purchase Intention — A Case Study from the Perspective of Enterprises

A Study on the Impact of Brand Spokesman on Consumers' Purchase Intention — A Case Study from the Perspective of Enterprises

Effect of supplier-buyer cooperation on supply chain financing availability of SMEs

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore the influence of supplier-buyer cooperation (contract governance and relationship governance) on supply chain financing availability from the bilateral perspective of small and medium-sized enterprises and their suppliers (or buyers) based on the transaction cost theory. A total of 248 valid paired questionnaires were received from small and medium enterprises and their suppliers (or buyers). Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that: (1) contract governance is more effective than relationship governance on supply chain financing availability, and the two forms of governance have a positive interaction effect. (2) Opportunism plays a mediating role between supplier-buyer cooperation and supply chain financing availability. Contract governance improves supply chain financing availability more strongly than relationship governance, by reducing supply chain financing risks. (3) Financing alignment has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between opportunism and supply chain financing availability.

Low-Carbon Supply Chain Emission Reduction Strategy Considering the Supervision of Downstream Enterprises Based on Evolutionary Game Theory

In order to explore the issue of multi-party collaborative governance of energy conservation and emission reduction under the perspective of the low-carbon supply chain, the participation of downstream enterprises as an effective source of local government supervision is included in the selection of low-carbon behaviors of suppliers. First, this paper establishes a tripartite evolutionary game model among local governments, suppliers and downstream enterprise groups. By calculating and copying dynamic equations, the asymptotic stability analysis of the three parties of the game is performed and the stability of the Jacobian matrix proposed by Friedman is used to analyze the local stability of the model equilibrium point and the evolutionary stability strategy of the system. Secondly, the evolution results and evolution paths of the model under different strategies are simulated by system dynamics and the influence of different parameters on the main body selection strategy of the tripartite game is analyzed. Finally, the paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions from the perspectives of local government, suppliers and downstream enterprises in order to provide new ideas for the governance of China’s environmental problems from the perspective of low carbon.

Business Organization Security Strategies to Cyber Security Threats

It is argued that the advancement of Information, Communication and Technology went hand in hand with the emergence of certain threats and vulnerabilities to cybersecurity. In several cases, cyber attacks have targeted the information, communication and infrastructure networks of numerous organizations. Today, hackers and intruders have advanced technology within their scope that lets them access the organizational information system. The present study highlights numerous internet security related problems, it offers a broad-based overview of internet threats from the perspective of business enterprises, along with prevention measures and enhanced safety strategies. A systematic analysis of secondary literature was introduced by researchers, the study found that it is critical for organizations to choose an IT security management tool that can be categorized as best practices and standards. The Security Incident Event Management (SIEM) framework is one key instrument proposed here. SIEM instruments help security analysts gain insight into the security threats targeting the IT structures of a given organization.

Does Differentiation by Certified Raw Wood Change the Average Price at the Tama Roundwood Market Center in Tokyo, Japan?

It is important to understand price premiums related to certified raw wood to predict the future of forest certifications from the perspective of forestry enterprises. We focused on identifying the trading roundwood market data in the economic center of power in Tokyo. This study aimed to clarify Tama-certified raw wood prices under the local area certification scheme, forest-certified raw wood prices, and the handling volumes at the Tama Roundwood Market Center in Tokyo. Sales details of the Tama Roundwood Market Center were used to identify the handling volumes, Tama-certified raw wood prices, and FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) or SGEC (Japan-specific Sustainable Green Ecosystem Council)-certified raw wood prices. The FSC and SGEC have operated from the center since 2016. Data were collected from the 2006–2018 fiscal years. Our results showed that the volume of raw wood handled increased due to the regeneration-cutting project conducted by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. On the other hand, there was no price premium for Tama-certified raw wood under the local certification scheme or for FSC- or SGEC-certified raw wood. Price premiums for forest certifications are necessary for ongoing sustainable forest management. There is a need to increase consumer awareness of forest certifications and to differentiate quality certifications further, and these would likely create price premiums.

Adoption potential of occupational exoskeletons in diverse enterprises engaged in manufacturing tasks

Occupational exoskeletons (EXOs) provide the opportunity to reduce fatigue and physical demands, however little is known about adoption and use of such technologies especially among varying company sizes and especially small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Ten focus groups (including seven SMEs) were held across the state of Ohio, with participants representing line employees, management, and safety. Employees tried on a variety of EXOs and then participated in discussions focusing on the adoption and use of this new technology at their site. Consistent comments were obtained regarding donning, fitting, dissemination, and use strategies; space constraints related to EXO “footprints”; and potential undesirable impacts of EXO use. Major concerns expressed by participants were task-specific, and were related to costs and work conditions (e.g., humidity, temperature, dust). Overall, individuals from larger companies and diverse SMEs expressed a strong interest in how EXOs could help employees with repetitive tasks that were often difficult to modify or eliminate. Many concerns still exist, though, regarding specific benefits and costs, how to develop training programs on EXO use, and understanding potential adverse effects of EXO use. Findings from this study help capture the perspectives of diverse enterprises toward adopting and using occupational EXOs to reduce the risk of injury.

Measures of Regional Labour Productivity

In this article, in the form of publication, are presented key study findings that cover both methodological issues of measurement and comprehensive analysis of regional labor productivity, along with extended formulations of study results. Based on the experience of domestic and foreign statisticians, the author substantiates the system of regional labour productivity indicators required for its integrated assessment. In the author’s opinion, this system is needed in a formation of a single coordinated approach to the calculation of labour productivity from the perspective of branches, enterprises, and constituent entities of the Russian Federation.The introduction argues for the relevance of the issues related to measuring regional labour productivity, which is necessary to evaluate the progress of the Federal Project “Systemic Measures to Improve Labor Productivity” implemented under the national project “Labor Productivity and Employment Support”.The author justifies the solution to the problem of clustering regions by regional labour productivity indicator using a combined approach, which explains the trends in the economic development of the regions of Russia in the selected clusters.The final part of the article concludes that the study is relevant in assessing the factors of regional labour productivity needed to identify growth reserves or to prevent stagnation in economic development, measured, in particular, by means of a basic indicator of the economic production efficiency in constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF FINANCIAL-INVESTMENT PROJECTION OF A BALANCED SCORECARD IN VALUE-BASED ENTERPRISES OF MINING-METALLURGICAL COMPLEX

The directions of improving the methodical principles of Balanced Scorecard as a system of strategic enterprise management have been highlighted. The need to avoid the simplified mechanistic dividing of the indicators into financial and non-financial ones has been substantiated; the authors have also disputed the corresponding binding of financial indicators mainly to tangible assets and financial strategic prospects, and non-financial indicators — to intangible assets and non-financial projections of the strategy. The criteria of strategic targeting, efficiency and functionality have been defined as key criteria in selecting the BSC metrics.
 The necessity and the possibility of integration of VBM and BSC concepts, which may be implemented through the company’s financial control panel by using VBM metrics, has been substantiated. The unified criteria for selecting VBM metrics for the financial perspective of BSC (i.e. to take into account the investors’ risk and intangible factors of creating the enterprise’s market value; to be easily calculated and efficient; to provide for cascading and motivation) have been determined and their respective comprehensive assessment has been made. The general structure of the investment-financial perspective on the strategy map of a value-based enterprise of MMC has been developed.
 One can highlight specific features of the management perspective of a value-based enterprise. Among them:the «investors» projection or the financial-investment projection serves as the starting point of the cascade of a company’s value creation; unlike the amorphous classical BSC, the proposed pattern is clearly subordinated to the main indicator (EV); the financial-investment projection is represented by a limited number of financial, mostly VBM indicators; the balance of traditional and new metrics; unlike the classic BSC technique, the template developed does not imply a mandatory quantitative predominance of non-financial indicators.
 On the basis of the analysis of interdependence of factors and indicators of the company’s market value (KPIs / CSFs) аbsence of a linear relationship between financial indicators — tangible assets — current cost factors — on the one hand and non-financial indicators — intangible assets — future value factors — on the other, is defined.
 The рossibility to use financial and non-financial indicators to measure both tangible and intangible assets as sources of market value creation is proved.

Facing and responding to the COVID-19 threat – an empirical examination of MSMEs

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the effects and ways to confront the devastating effects of the COVID-19 crisis and develop a theoretical framework to facilitate understanding of these aspects from the perspective of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). In doing so, the fundamental insights of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, bricolage and improvisation are considered.Design/methodology/approachThe study draws on data from 56 business owners-managers operating in eight different nations and representing three geographical regions; the data were gathered through an online questionnaire.FindingsVarious differences in responses from participants operating in the featured geographical settings were revealed. For instance, whereas a higher percentage of South American participants acknowledged financial impacts, they and their European counterparts were also more engaged.Originality/valueThe study provides various original and valuable elements. First, by gathering data from business owners-managers operating in different countries and geographical regions, it provides an international perspective concerning ways in which business operators confront an extreme event. Second, and related to the previous point, the study focusses on a business group (MSMEs), which is fundamental for many nations’ economies. Moreover, the experiences of MSMEs could be timely and insightful to industry and business stakeholders. Third, the proposed theoretical framework highlights various emerging dimensions associated with adaptation and responsiveness, with both theoretical and practical implications.

COVID-19 and Ludhiana’s woolen knitwear industry: way forward

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the challenges faced by the Ludhiana’s woolen knitwear industry that got accentuated with the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The paper discusses the road map for building capabilities within the industry from the perspective of “system of innovation” approach that would help the industry to comply with the recent call for “AatmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan.”Design Methodology ApproachThe woolen knitwear industry from Ludhiana district of North Indian state, Punjab, was taken as a case to examine the impact of COVID-19. Data was collected online through self-structured questionnaire along with telephonic interviews. Stage I was the period of “total lock-down” and Stage II was conducted after the announcement of “stimulus package” and during the unlocking period. Some local industry associations and labor unions were also interviewed to understand the wider perspectives of different stakeholders. Descriptive statistic was applied to analyze the results of the survey.FindingsIt is estimated that the industry would lose about INR 2,000 crores approximately US$282.1m with the monetary loss of man-days nearing INR 157 crores approximately US$22.1m for the total lockdown period of 68 days. This amount is feared to increase with the lackluster re-opening of the industry in the unlocking period. The study reveals that there were some concerns, such as infrastructural bottlenecks, obsolete internal and international connectivity and institutional rigidity with cumbersome rules and regulations that get heightened with the outbreak of COVID-19. The entrepreneurs and workers are skeptic regarding the nature of demand revival in the changing world economic order. The paper suggests a dynamic policy intervention with inbuilt feedback mechanism along with reviving the organizations to infuse enthusiasm among various actors of industry.Originality/valueThe study is one of the first few to conduct surveys at two different stages to assess the impact of COVID-19 from the perspective of micro, small and medium enterprises and workers working therein while taking the case of Ludhiana woolen knitwear industry. The findings of this study will aid the industry and policymakers to take essential steps to make the industry more innovative and competitive in the dynamic world market.

Together we are strong? A systematic literature review on how SMEs use relation-based collaboration to operate in rural areas

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role for growth and sustainable development, particularly for rural areas in which MNCs are absent. Despite this link, there is little systematic research that investigates how SMEs address the particularities, opportunities, and challenges of rural areas based on their strengths and weaknesses. To fill this gap, this article uses a systematic literature review (SLR) that analyses 228 articles published between 2003 and October 2020. Our descriptive analysis shows that research on this topic has increased over time. Based on our thematic results, we juxtapose typical strengths and weaknesses of SMEs (enterprise perspective) and the opportunities and challenges of rural areas (spatial perspective). A key finding is that SMEs use relation-based collaboration as a meta-strategy to respond to these specific conditions. Wedding the theoretical perspectives of the RBV and transaction cost economics, we develop a conceptual model that explains why rural SMEs are in a particular need and position to use collaboration as a tool to innovate and access critical resources in otherwise resource-scarce rural areas. We then discuss how digitalization impacts our results regarding SMEs in rural space.

Evaluating the employment effect of China’s carbon emission trading policy: Based on the perspective of spatial spillover

With the gradual strengthening of environmental supervision, how to coordinate the relationship between environmental protection and full employment has become an urgent problem. This paper takes China’s carbon emission trading policy as the research subject, and evaluates the employment effect of carbon emission trading policy from the perspective of micro enterprises under the premise of considering the spatial spillover effect. This paper aims to verify and evaluate the spatial spillover effect of China’s carbon emission trading pilot policy on labor demand of enterprises, and study the effect of environmental policies on the employment market in China. Firstly, from the theoretical point of view, comparisons among the differences of the average employment effect, spillover effect and total effect coefficient of carbon trading right policy are conducted under the condition of spillover effect or not. Secondly, from the empirical perspective and relaxing the STUVA conditions, a Triple Difference Model is constructed to evaluate the impact of carbon emission trading policy on the labor demand of enterprises by using the panel data of China A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2008 to 2017. Thirdly, this paper further uses the synthetic control method to analyze the employment effect differences of carbon emission trading policies in different pilot areas of China. The results show that the carbon emission trading policy in China has an about 10 percent positive spillover effect on the neighboring provinces in pilot areas. Moreover, the results indicate that China’s carbon emission trading policy has generated some employment dividend, and the total effect is about 11.5 percent when the ratio of individual sample is considered. In addition, the impact of carbon emission trading policy on employment is gradually increasing, and the employment effect of carbon trading policies in different pilot areas of China is quite dissimilar. The findings of this paper confirm the positive employment effect of China’s carbon emission trading policy, and have important policy implications for the further promotion of the national carbon emission trading market. At the same time, it helps to clarify the relationship between environmental protection and full employment. • Verifies and evaluates the spatial spillover effect of carbon trading policy. • Constructs a Triple Difference Model for evaluating the impact of carbon trading policies on the labor demand of enterprises. • Finds about 10% positive spillover effect of the carbon emission rights trading policy in China. • Shows about 11.5% total employment effect of carbon emission trading policy when the individual sample ratio was considered.

OPEN INNOVATION ORIENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY OF SMES: DO ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND RESOURCE BRICOLAGE MATTER?

The burgeoning literature postulates that a firm’s degree of openness for external parties in building its knowledge base undoubtedly enables it gaining competitive advantage though a little attention has been devoted to investigating the phenomena from small and medium enterprise (SME) perspective. Accordingly, this study investigates how open innovation orientation leads nurturing greater innovation and acquiring greater sustainable goals and specifically, how entrepreneurial orientation and resource bricolage facilitate the whole process. Drawing upon a sample of 442 SMEs, the study followed a quantitative approach to investigate the focal research question. The results reveal that open innovation orientation of SMEs significantly influences on nurturing greater innovation and attaining sustainable goals in long-run while the entrepreneurial orientation drives the whole process. The study also finds that the resource bricolage plays a significant role in converting SMEs more open innovation oriented and fostering greater innovation. By doing so, this study provides noteworthy theoretical and managerial insights.

Transition to sustainable transport: understanding the antecedents of consumer's intention to adopt electric vehicles from the emotional research perspective.

Electric vehicles (EVs) are recognized as one of the effective measures to realize sustainable transport. Therefore, many countries have issued related policy initiatives and measures to promote EVs. However, consumer's cognition and acceptance of EVs is not ideal, which affects the early diffusion speed of EVs on the market. This research attempts to explore how consumer's driving experience affects EVs adoption intention from the perspective of consumer's emotional response (satisfaction and trust) by using stimulus-organism-response framework. Based on the analysis of 692 sample data collected through questionnaire survey, we found that consumer's driving experience has a significant and positive impact on EVs adoption intention. Meanwhile, driving experience also significantly and positively affects consumer's satisfaction while has no significant effect on trust. Furthermore, satisfaction has a significantly positive effect on trust, and satisfaction and trust are both significantly and positively associated with EVs adoption intention. The results further uncovered that satisfaction not only plays a mediating role between driving experience and adoption intention but also plays a multiple mediating role between driving experience and adoption intention together with trust. On this basis, relevant recommendations have been made to promote the development of EVs from the perspective of government and enterprise.

Research on Total Factor Productivity Measurement and Influencing Factors of Digital Economy Enterprises

Digital economy becomes the main driving force of the future economy. However, the existing literatures on digital economy mainly focuses on the measurement of the overall development level and its impact, and lacks the discussion of digital economy from the perspective of enterprises. In this paper, we use LP semi-parametric method and ACF method to measure the total factor productivity of China’s listed digital economy enterprises from 2013 to 2018, and construct multiple regression model to explore the influencing factors of total factor productivity. We find that, at the regional level, digital economy enterprises in eastern China have higher total factor productivity than those in central and western China. The level of digital infrastructure has a significant positive impact on total factor productivity. From the perspective of enterprises, capitalization degree, debt leverage, profitability, staff quality, management efficiency and R&D per capita have significant positive effects on total factor productivity. In addition, the influence of government subsidies on total factor productivity exhibits a positive "U" shape.

Research on Enterprise Digital Innovation, Consumer Digital Technology Readiness and Purchase Intention

With the development of digital technology, we have entered the digital age. Under the background of digital age, brands have to follow the trend of digitization. How to build and develop brands has become an important research. Most scholars research on brand building and development from the perspective of enterprises, while this research explores the impact of consumer technological readiness on purchase intentions in the digital context from the perspective of consumers. According to the findings of this study, consumers with high technological readiness hold an optimistic and innovative attitude towards digital technology, so they are willing to accept and try new products or services produced by the brand’s application of digital technology, and increase their willingness to buy brands; for consumers with low technical readiness, they have doubts and distrust of digital technology and have low driving belief, and their purchase intention is reduced for new products produced by brand application of digital technology. Digital technology has a favorable impact on the economic growth of enterprises. The application of digital technology greatly improves the production efficiency of enterprises and saves energy consumption for enterprises. Therefore, the growth of digital economy also brings benefits to energy-saving economy.

Tourism SME sustainability social and economic challenges during pandemic: cases of Russian Federation, Georgia and Latvia

Until 2020, the tourism industry was characterized by a growth rate, the statistics highlight that globally 2019 was the tenth year with a consecutive annual growth. However, the Covid-19 pandemic marked a major turning point in the development of tourism, instead of tourism overdevelopment, the underdevelopment issues appeared in front pages of the industry news. The effects of the pandemic are intensified by the fact that tourism is a labour-intensive industry and that most companies in the sector are SMEs (small and medium sized enterprises). At this time, it is crucially important to look at sustainability issues, therefore the aim of this study is to analyse the social and economic dimensions of sustainability for tourism SMEs. Descriptive statistics as well as qualitative research methods were used to study the challenges posed by the pandemic, in-depth interviews were conducted with tourism SMEs from three different countries. The conclusions show the situation from an enterprise perspective in Russian Federation, Georgia and Latvia.