Enterprise Autonomy Research Articles

Research on the Development Mechanism and Path of Wenzhou Digital Industrial Cluster Under the Background of Digital Economy

With the advent of the digital age and the development of artificial intelligence, digital economy has become the main economic form of today's society. In this context, the conditions for the development of digital industrial clusters have been formed, and industrial clusters have become an important support for the high-quality development of national and regional economies and an important factor affecting the international competitiveness of industries. The digital industrial cluster in Wenzhou area is also developing rapidly in recent years. Based on the analysis of the digital industrial cluster in Wenzhou area, this paper puts forward five key mechanisms for the development of the digital industrial cluster in Wenzhou, namely, the market mechanism and enterprise autonomy, the innovation-driven mechanism. Policy guidance and support, network and synergistic effect and talent attraction and training. The specific strategies to promote the development of Wenzhou digital industry cluster include strengthening infrastructure construction, optimizing innovation ecology, introducing and cultivating high-end talents, etc., hoping to provide reference for relevant workers.

Economic security of the industrial enterprise in the frameworks of business process reengineering

Economic security of the industrial enterprise in the frameworks of business process reengineering

The Impact and Enlightenment of Green Finance on Enterprise Innovation

With the proposal and improvement of China's carbon neutrality strategy, as well as the adjusting of industrial structure and optimizing of energy structure, green finance is gradually playing a significant role in enterprise innovation. Green credit, as an important constituent part of the green financial system, carries a profound influence on the innovation and growth of enterprises. Taking green credit as the starting point, in accordance with the "Green Credit Guidelines" and subsequent plans, and by studying the cash dividend distribution and operating cash flow data of new energy concept stock companies listed in the A-share market from 2018 to 2021, the growth of green finance is studied and analyzed for its impact on enterprise innovation, scale, and fund allocation obtained by different levels of pollution. The conclusion is drawn as follows: firstly, Green finance has a regional heterogeneity impact on enterprises, with the eastern region having the highest significance. Secondly, green credit plays a role in guiding resource allocation and promoting green transition of polluting enterprises, proposing suggestions to improve the green credit policy system, strengthen supervision, and promote the transition and upgrading of enterprise autonomy.

김정은 집권 이후 북한 경제 관련 법령의 변화

JAfter Kim Jong-il died in December 2011, his son Kim Jong-un implemented various economic reform measures to solve North Korea's economic problems, and accordingly, significant changes occurred in North Korean economy-related laws. The purpose of this article is to analyze the changes in North Korea's economy after Kim Jong-un came to power, focusing on North Korean laws and regulations. Since the enactment of the Socialist Constitution in 1972, the fundamental ideology of the North Korean economy has been ‘socialist relations of production(nationalization of the means of production)’, ‘independent national economy’, and ‘planned economy’, which have been maintained even after Kim Jong-un took power. However, after Kim Jong-un came to power, North Korea adopted a new method of economic management called the “socialist corporate responsibility management system,” which was also specified in the 2019 amended constitution. The Socialist Enterprise Responsible Management System granted “actual management rights” to enterprises, and as a result, the autonomy of enterprises was greatly expanded. In particular, enterprises and farms were able to plan and produce on their own under the names of 'enterprise index' and 'farm index', respectively, and decide the price to sell, which is a significant change in the socialist planned economy. can be said However, it is questionable how much the socialist responsible management system can achieve in a situation where the ownership and management of enterprises are not separated. Various measures to improve the economy have been implemented since the early days of Kim Jong-un's reign, and the results are being completed and organized through the revision of relevant laws and regulations. From the time Kim Jong-un came to power until 2019, North Korean economy-related laws were mainly revised in the direction of expanding the management rights and autonomy of enterprises and farms. However, after 2020, it has changed in the direction of strengthening control over enterprises and society as a whole. As a result, there is a possibility that the autonomy of enterprises or private economic activities will shrink in the future. It is necessary to pay attention to changes in North Korea's economy-related laws in the future.

Does carbon mitigation depend on green fiscal policy or green investment?

Does carbon mitigation depend on the force of government or the autonomy of enterprises? We should first distinguish the roles of green fiscal policy and corporate green investment to test whether they can independently guide enterprises to reduce carbon emissions. Because a clear relationship will help resolve the embarrassment caused by their different goals. Then we use theoretical and empirical methods to analyze green fiscal policies and corporate green investment mechanisms, which have nonlinear impacts on carbon mitigation in mathematics. Furthermore, we have empirically verified then in three effective paths: the promotion of green fiscal policies on green investment, the mediator of green investment in the influence of green fiscal policies on carbon mitigation and enterprise performance, and the difference in firm heterogeneity on green investment. The results show that green fiscal policies support enterprises in realizing carbon mitigation by pressure, stimulating green investment, and achieving Innovation Compensation. Carbon mitigation depends on the trigger of green fiscal policies and the catalysis of green investment. That means the green fiscal policy is an effective instrument for the government to stimulate green innovation only when they are vital in reducing carbon emissions. Finally, we can summarize the evolutionary process of carbon mitigate from mandatory green fiscal policies to independent green investment, which is helpful for green governance and the low-carbon development of enterprises.

Platform governance and sociological participation

The positive and negative effects of the participation of digital platform companies in governance are a major issue of the times. Starting from the three subfields of internal governance, external governance, and co-governance, we construct an analytical framework for digital platform governance to understand the four-sided relationship among digital platform companies, the state, the market, and society. From the perspective of enterprise autonomy, we should view the effectiveness of platform company participation in social governance dialectically. The key of promoting good platform governance is to improve the external structural pressure from the state, promote the reform of the endogenous governance of enterprises, and build a sustainable architecture for co-governance. The mission of sociologists includes not only explanation but also intervention.

RENEWABLE ENERGY: CURRENT DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

The article summarizes some aspects of the current state of wind energy and outlines possible development prospects. Attention is focused on the requirements of Directive 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of the EU "On integrated pollution prevention and control" and Directive 2010/75/EC of the European Parliament and the Council on industrial emissions (integrated prevention and control of pollution) and compliance with these conditions of the industrial policy of Ukraine . The current state of wind energy is considered, as a significant factor in countering global climate changes and improving the general state of energy security in the world, Europe and Ukraine. Prospects for the further development of wind energy are summarized. Territories of Ukraine, which are characterized by the highest wind energy potential and have favorable conditions for the production of electricity by wind power plants, are highlighted. It was noted that the use of RES is one of the main priorities of energy development for most developed countries. Wind energy is widely available and one of the cheapest sources among RES for the production of electricity in the world. Wind energy occupies the second place in the structure of RES after solar and is characterized by the fastest development of technologies and intensive growth of installed capacities due to the constant development of science and technology, which leads to increased availability, development of a wide range of equipment, as well as a decrease in costs for their production and exploitation. The world experience of implementing low-power wind and solar energy technologies, which can be used to increase the energy autonomy of enterprises, shows that the main advantages of their use, first of all, are the reduction of the ecological burden on the environment compared to traditional methods of obtaining electrical energy, due to the avoidance of emissions of harmful substances (sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, dust, greenhouse gases), as well as the almost complete absence of waste.

PROSPECTS FOR INCREASING THE LEVEL OF ENERGY AUTONOMY OF PROCESSING ENTERPRISES OF AIC OF UKRAINE WITH THE HELP OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION

Domestic processes of production and processing of agricultural products are characterized by a high specific energy capacity, which determines our economy as one of the most energy inefficient, and the resulting products, non-competitive in the agricultural food market of the EU countries, leaving us only the role of an exporter of raw materials for European food industry enterprises. In addition, almost all processes of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine are characterized by environmental pollution, which generally contradicts the principles of ecologization and decarbonization of the economy, defined by the European Commission in the framework of the European Green Deal. Considering that the full integration of Ukraine into the EU is defined by the Constitution of Ukraine as the main vector of the foreign policy course, as well as the general global trends towards rising prices for fossil fuels and insufficient provision of the country with its own primary energy resources, research aimed at rationalizing the structure of energy consumption is becoming increasingly important. . fuel in accordance with EU standards and the greening of production, including through the introduction of alternative energy technologies at processing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. The article assesses the resource potential of domestic agriculture and presents possible options for agrobiomass available in sufficient quantities suitable for anaerobic digestion followed by methane generation. Based on the systematization and generalization of information obtained from open sources, a potential direction for solving the problems of increasing the level of autonomy of processing enterprises was proposed, based on the creation of a macro-level technological system with four main elements: an agricultural enterprise, a processing enterprise, a territorial community and a biogas complex, and a fundamental structural model of such a territorial cluster.

The legal charter of the company of the future: the order of creation

The purpose of this article is a study of the legal nature of the charter of the enterprise as the main internal document, providing its activities at all stages of the existence of a legal entity, highlighting of problematic issues, the solution of which is necessary when creating its charter to improve the effectiveness of the enterprise for the future. The goal of the research is a theoretical study of the outlined problems, providing on its basis practical recommendations for improving the procedure for creating constituent documents of the enterprise of the future. In the study were used general and special methods of knowledge. The study concludes that the autonomy of enterprises in the future must be ensured by preserving the right to regulate their own activities in accordance with domestic law, in particular the statute. The study made a forecast of those changes that need to be introduced in the constituent documents of enterprises in the future, as a necessary element of ensuring the effectiveness of their activities in the event of force majeure circumstances of man-made, man-made, or natural nature. Conclusions. There is an argumentation of the opinion that changes in the social and political life of society directly affect the economic life of the countries of the world as a whole, as well as the economic activity of functioning enterprises, so it is important when creating a charter of the enterprise to consider the greatest number of likely. risks that can cause negative financial consequences for them, the algorithm of actions for their leveling.

Factors, Increasing the Efficiency of Work of Maintenance, Repair and Operation Units of Industrial Enterprises

Abstract The article contains the analysis of factors influencing the efficiency of work of equipment maintenance, repair and operation (MRO) units of industrial enterprises. We have systematized various classifications of these factors, which were proposed in economic literature by different authors. We have divided the factors into following groups: general and local; primary and secondary; external and internal; major and non-essential; direct and oblique; reducing and boosting the expenses on equipment MRO and repair cost; production and non-production; depending on management and independent; economic, operation, organization ones; structural and production-technical ones; which are interconnected. It has been proposed to classify factors influencing the efficiency of equipment MRO units into five groups: economic, exploitation, organization, production-technical and structural ones. Using expert evaluation method, the factors have been divided into three groups according to degree of their influence on efficiency of work of equipment MRO units of industrial enterprises. The priority was given to the factors of the first group, having decisive influence on formation of efficiency. The most significant factors have been identified. In opinion of experts, these factors include: method of organization of work of equipment MRO service; level of economic autonomy of MRO enterprise in terms of organization of equipment MRO; financial and market situation of enterprise; the degree of repair complexity of production equipment.

Kim Jong-un’s 10 years era, the Performance of 'Urisik(self-style)Economic Management Mearsures' and Political and economic Implication

At the 8th Party Congress in 2021, Kim Jong-un officially acknowledged the failure of the “five-year strategy for national economic development” at the 7th Party Congress. However, from the beginning of his administration in 2012, Kim Jong-un started with the June 28 Policy , followed by the 12ㆍ1 Measures , which expanded the autonomy of factories and businesses under the Socialist Enterprise Management System , and the 5‧30 Measures that made them all-out. The Urisik(self-style) economic management measures aimed at economic reform were actively promoted. On the other hand, looking at the economic performance from 2012 to 2014 in the first half of his reign, North Korea also showed the possibility of sustainable economic growth if it continuously pushes reform measures such as expanding the autonomy of agriculture and enterprises (trade). The problem is that, due to the nature of North Korean politics, as was confirmed in the July 1 Measures during the Kim Jong-il era in 2002, reform measures involved political struggle, and national strategies such as the Economic-Nuclear parallel Line can disable domestic economic reform measures against North Korea. The point is that it causes conflict with the international community, such as sanctions against North Korea. In addition, the economic outlook for North Korea after 2021 remains bleak due to the political and economic rigidity of the North Korean system, which adheres to the failed “self-style” economic policy and cannot make any attempts beyond it.

Legal Regulation of Algorithmic Discrimination

Algorithmic discrimination is a kind of unreasonable, unequal treatment based on algorithms, which is widely existing in all areas of our social and economic life. Compared with traditional discrimination, algorithmic discrimination is inherent, professional and concealed. In practice, both market forces and government regulation have certain limitations in regulating algorithmic discrimination. On the one hand, enterprise autonomy often fails due to benefit considerations, while industry self-discipline lacks a set of mature and effective rules. On the other hand, in addition to the lack of complete algorithm review mechanisms and accountability systems, government supervision is also limited by technical regulatory difficulties. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the legislation of algorithmic discrimination, set up algorithm review institutions, establish algorithm review mechanisms and strengthen industry and enterprise self-discipline.

FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

One of the main tasks of financial and economic policy of industrial enterprises is to create conditions for their sustainable development through the use of modern management tools that will promote the balance between resources and potential of enterprises. In particular, such a tool is management methods based on forms of interaction between the state and business in the framework of public-private partnership. The problem of managing sustainable development of industrial enterprises on the basis of public-private partnership, their financial support is covered in the works of such researchers and specialists as I. Ansoff, K. Bowman, P. Drucker, D. Cleland, G. Mintzberg, J. Strickland, A. Thompson, F. Berger, V. Varnavsky, M. Gerard, T. Crystal, A. Reid, T. Voronkova, E. Savas, L. Sharinger and other domestic and foreign authors. Recently, disparities in the gradual dynamics of the formation of financial resources within the state are obvious: revenue sources are centralized only at the state budget level, revenue liabilities are decentralized to the regional and local levels. The greatest impact on the financial autonomy of an industrial enterprise has the amount of own budget revenues, in particular its share in total consolidated revenues. Inter-budgetary transfers from the budget are one of the sources of income of industrial enterprises and to some extent determine the solvency of industrial enterprises. The main purpose of the system of intergovernmental relations, as well as the entire system of public finance, is to provide conditions for improving the quality of life. PPP is seen not only as a tool for financing and implementing individual projects, but as a form of interaction between the state and the private sector, which is built into the management system based on co-financing, risk and revenue sharing, pooling of professional knowledge that serves to achieve certain positive social , economic and political results and is a key element of the industrial enterprise’s strategy to ensure sustainable industrial and resource-sustainable development. The main purpose of public-private partnership in an industrial enterprise within the framework of sustainable development is to achieve public socio-economic interests through the implementation of infrastructure projects of an industrial enterprise. The basis of PPP’s institutional infrastructure in Ukraine can be industrial infrastructure, which operates not on the basis of state administrative structures, but independently. Problems such as improving the legal framework of the partnership, creating a single coordinating and regulatory body, expanding the base of PPP participants (more active involvement of small and medium-sized businesses), and developing a strategy for the development of this structure need to be addressed. The tools of inter-budgetary regulation are considered - inter-budgetary transfers that determine the solvency of an industrial enterprise. The internal risks of industrial enterprises are substantiated. The advantages and disadvantages of current methods of industrial management are noted. The forms of PPP used in Ukraine and abroad are described, the most effective of them are indicated. Deterrent factors of PPP development are determined. The model of PPP at the level of the industrial enterprise is offered. The principles of optimal functioning and development of PPP are determined.

Research on the Non-litigation Settlement Mechanism of Chinese Investors Civil and Commercial Disputes in Laos

At present, with the continuous advancement of the internationalization trend, the implementation of the Belt and Road strategy and the establishment of the ASEAN —— China Free Trade Zone, Laos has become an important partner in China s economic, investment and trade cooperation, and China s private capital has actively entered the Laos market.While enjoying the mutual benefit dividend, it has also brought some problems that need to be solved urgently.Among them, the problem of not effectively resolving a large number of civil and commercial disputes among Chinese private investors in Laos is the most prominent, and the main reasons for this dilemma include the imperfect legal mechanism, weak litigation concept, and insufficient prediction of investment risk information.This paper aims to seek remedies that can be effectively integrated with individual investor demands under the strategic guidance of Belt and Road .We will establish a guarantee mechanism featuring private enterprise autonomy, supplemented by policies and laws.

Research about Dynamic Evolution of Supply Chain Based on Agent

During the research with respect to the traditional supply chain, Enterprise autonomy is ignored. Within this thesis, from the perspective of CAS, the dynamic growth of supply chain was inspected by using CAS versus evolutionary game theory. Within supply chain, the corporate was viewed as agent. In the same way, the variety branches of the corporate were viewed as sub-agents. The agent-based model of supply chain was set up in this thesis. At the same time, supply chain dynamic evolution was simulated through swarm. The effective solution to coordinate the supply chain main body behaviour was explored too. Within this thesis, the evolutionary trait of supply chain is explored, and a reference for supply chain governance is provided.

АНАЛIЗ ЕКOНOМIКO-СТАТИСТИЧНИХ ПOКАЗНИКIВ РOЗВИТКУ ПIДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНI

The purpose of the article is to statistically assess the internal indicators of small business and analytical confirmation of the identified trends in their development to ensure the objectivity of information flows on the state and role of small business in the economy of Ukraine. A modern feature of the development of entrepreneurship in the economy of Ukraine is the growth of self-employment and mass labor migration. According to the results of the static assessment, it was found that the receipt of foreign currency in the form of remittances of labor migrants became a source of formation of the foreign exchange market, as their size is 30% of revenues from exports of goods from Ukraine. However, the amount of economic losses in the economy of Ukraine due to labor migration is much higher than foreign exchange earnings and is 6 % of total sales (goods and services) in Ukraine. Small business accumulated 48 % of the total number of employees in the economy of Ukraine, which turned it into a powerful politically and socially influential formation. The economic capacity of the small business remains traditionally low. In the structure of the country's economy, small enterprises (80 % of the total number of enterprises) bring only 19 % of income to the economy. The burden of the single tax for small enterprises is identical to the burden of paying income tax on medium-sized enterprises, which indicates relatively equal tax conditions for small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine. Responsibility and autonomy of enterprises for the development and management decisions is growing extremely nowadays, what should provide further effectiveness of their activities. Ensure effective management is possible only through a comprehensive analysis and diagnostics business enterprise that meets modern requirements of economic development. The competitive situation in which today must engage in economic activities domestic enterprises of any form of ownership and industry sector is quite unstable, shaky, unpredictable and completely devoid of adverse external factors. Therefore, the company appears quite vulnerable to unlimited competitive space, and lack of improved methods of state regulation and favorable policy protectionism deepens an already tough situation. In such circumstances, company cant relied on anyone except themselves, involving the activity of experienced professionals that can simulate variable development of the company in a competitive environment and to predict the consequences of any move made by management in the form of decisions

Increasing the level of the metrological supply of large-sized windows blades (from 60m) at the production stages

The development of the field of renewable energy sources today is happening at a fairly rapid rate, especially in the field of wind energy. In the last year alone, several large wind farms have been built in Russia. The fast pace of development of wind energy in Russia leads to the fact that in the near future there will be a need to produce our own wind turbines, according to the projects of Russian developers. Also, the development of technologies, the rapid introduction of new production systems, an increase in the share of autonomy of industrial enterprises requires the introduction of new modern approaches in the field of energy, energy efficiency and energy conservation. Against this background, the need for innovative solutions in the field of metrological support and measuring technologies in the energy sector is sharply increasing. The paper presents a complex for carrying out control and measuring procedures, which will improve the quality of metrological support in the production process in Russia. Also, the metrological and economic parameters of the described stand have been calculated.…

The Empirical Research of The Potential, Awareness and Current State of Agricultural Waste Use to Ensure Energy Autonomy of Agricultural Enterprises of Ukraine

Today, the issues of waste management are complex, because they relate to various aspects – resource conservation, environmental safety of mankind, ensuring competitiveness at micro, macro and mega-levels. The study is devoted to the analysis of the potential, awareness and current state of use of agricultural waste to ensure energy autonomy of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine on the basis of the experimental study, conducted by the authors using a mixed method. The main tool in the study was the survey developed by the authors, which was filled out by the owners of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The development of the survey was accompanied by the authors' hypotheses regarding the need for energy autonomy of agrarian enterprises; main sources of information on opportunities and state support for energy use of waste; potential and current state of bioproduction in agrarian formations. Authors acknowledged that both the crop and livestock industries lead to the generation of waste that has the potential to produce biofuels (solid – pellets, briquettes; gaseous – biogas). The study confirmed that the costs for providing agrarian enterprises themselves with fuel and energy resources in Ukraine are quite high, and the bioenergy potential of waste to replace traditional energy resources is practically not used. Further studies will cover a range of questions regarding the extension of the geography of the survey to the whole territory of Ukraine, the specification of hypotheses based on the preliminary questionnaire, the hypothesis testing and the correlation between different indicators of the agrarian waste potential for biofuel production and the efficiency of substitution of traditional energy with biofuels.

EXPERIENCE OF FORMING OF ENERGY AUTONOMY IN RURAL AREAS: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVES

The publication addresses climate change issues caused by fossil fuel emissions. It is established that the rate of increase of the air temperature in Ukraine is ahead of the world tendencies, as a result of which in Ukraine the widespread of droughts, an increase in land areas prone to desertification is probable. The effect of increasing the share of alternative fuels in total energy production on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the world has been investigated. The volume of electricity consumption by household and non-household consumers and the price increase for them are analyzed; population of Ukraine and employment status of rural population. It is proposed to solve the problems of reducing the burden of payment for energy resources and creating new jobs in rural areas through the creation of energy cooperatives. The concept of "energy cooperative" is defined and economic models of energy cooperatives that can be applied by Ukrainian territorial communities and economic structures to ensure energy autonomy are proposed. The article analyzes the experience of setting up and operating energy cooperatives in the EU Member States, the USA and other countries of the world on the following grounds: field of activity; the form of ownership; sources of financing; social effect and others. Examples of successful operation and emergence of energy cooperatives in Ukrainian communities are provided, which provide energy autonomy for individual agricultural enterprises and community residents through the production of fuel from agricultural and forestry waste; launching a solar or wind power plant that sells electricity to the grid at a “green” rate; biogas production from biomass; production and use of solar water heaters and the like. The author's vision of the main directions of development of economic decarbonisation is formulated.

Status and Analysis of Formal and Actual Human Resource Management, Financial and Policy Autonomy of State-Owned Enterprises in Pakistan

This paper studies the formal and actual human resource management (HRM) autonomy, financial autonomy and policy autonomy of the state owned enterprises (SOEs) of Pakistan and points out the differences that exist between them. It also identifies behind the lack of autonomy of SOEs and proposes multiple recommendations though which this gap can be bridged. Both quantitative and qualitative data was collected to carry out this study. Quantitative data was collected from 40 randomly selected SOEs using a close-ended questionnaire while 20 semi-structured interviews were carried out to collect qualitative data. Descriptive statistics was used to see the number of SOEs having different levels of HRM autonomy, financial autonomy and policy autonomy. It was found that a very less number of SOEs were completely autonomous in different aspects of HRM, financial management, policy formulation and its implementation. Excessive political intervention, dependence on government for resources, lack of power of Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and poor performance of SOEs along with numerous other reasons were identified as causes behind this lack of autonomy. Multiple recommendations have also been proposed to overcome this issue. Keywords: Autonomy, State Owned Enterprises, Human Resource Management Autonomy, Financial Autonomy, Policy Autonomy, Task Autonomy, Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan, Companies Ordinance 1984, Public Sector Companies (Corporate Governance) Rules 2013. DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/10-1-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2020