Method Of Inquiry Research Articles

Problematic issues of management accounting in the agrarian enterprises

Introduction. In the modern business environment, successful decision-making is a critical factor for achieving goals and improving a company’s performance. The foundation of such decisions should be reliable and carefully selected information from extensive data that supports the company’s activities. Managerial accounting serves as a means of creating the analytical base necessary for effective organizational management. Researching the challenges of managerial accounting in the agricultural sector will help propose ways to overcome them and strengthen the competitive advantages of agricultural enterprises. The aim of the study. The aim of this article is to identify the problematic aspects of managerial accounting in agricultural enterprises and find ways to solve them. Methods. General scientific and specific methods of scientific inquiry were used in this study. Induction and analysis contributed to the examination of scientific works devoted to managerial accounting. Synthesis, grouping, and analogy were applied to identify the impact of agricultural activities’ specifics on the organization of managerial accounting. Generalization helped formulate conclusions regarding the cost calculation items of agricultural products. The results. Based on the analysis of definitions in regulatory legal acts and scientific literature, the following definition has been formulated: managerial accounting is a system of accounting for costs, revenues, and financial results that serves as the basis for managerial decision-making. The problematic issues of organizing managerial accounting in agricultural enterprises were identified: difficulties in determining the cost of agricultural products, imperfections in integrating geographic information system software with accounting programs, specific accounting objects that cannot always be reliably assessed, and the absence of data on the permanent state of biological assets at the time of decision- making. Factors through which an enterprise can influence the process of cost calculation for agricultural products were also identified: effective organization of operational activities, level of professional qualification of employees, level of utilization of modern agricultural equipment, and technology for cultivating agricultural products. Prospects for further research. Future research should consider the functions of managerial accounting and the requirements for the reliability of its data, which will allow for a more comprehensive characterization of the conceptual foundations and create an information base for company management.

Mental health law in Philippines: health policy issues governing mental health promotion among Filipino older adults with serious mental illnesses

Purpose This study aims to discuss the mental health in the Philippines and the existing laws and health policies governing mental health care among Filipino older adults with serious mental illnesses. Design/methodology/approach The study used health policy research to understand the issues and gaps in the Philippine mental health-care system among older adults. The study used deductive methods (based on testing specific hypotheses) and inductive methods of inquiry (based on the formation of general inferences), which are necessary but insufficient for theory development without retroductive reasoning. The researcher believes that critical realism provides a philosophically grounded theoretical framework that can be used to underpin research into causal mechanisms such as in health policy analysis. Findings Mental health is integral to holistic health. The commitment to improve mental health services is highlighted in the recent legislative actions of policymakers. Mental health professionals and experts suggest that failure to address mental health and psycho-social problems in a population will hinder attempts to increase social capital, promote human development and reduce poverty. Originality/value A disregard for mental health is still apparent. The norm in the Philippines continues to include a chronic shortage of mental health professionals, an inadequate number of mental health facilities and hospitals, a lack of accessible and equitable mental health-care services and treatment, especially for marginalized sectors, and stigma, discrimination and social exclusion against people with mental health conditions are still very widespread. Some people refuse even to get help and treatment for their mental disorders not because of the high cost of treatment but because of the stigma attached to mental disorders.

Simulating Historical Communication Networks in Python

This lesson will introduce the core concepts, methodologies and discussions surrounding simulation methods for historical inquiry. You will learn the basics of programming a simulation model by building an Agent-Based Model of historical letter exchanges using the Python library mesa.

An analysis of a social sciences curriculum from the perspective of critical peace education

ABSTRACT This study focuses on critical peace education in a post-conflict context in Northern Cyprus. It aimed to analyse the Social Sciences curriculum (year group 7) using a framework that was developed as part of the present study benefitting from the literature on critical peace education. The study employed an interpretive critical inquiry method for document analysis within the qualitative research paradigm. The findings indicated that the learning objectives in the Social Sciences curriculum targeted knowledge and moral capacity building with an individualistic focus and with local, historical, and globalised orientation. Numerous recommendations were made for the improvement of the curriculum, based on the principles and orientations of critical peace education.

Parents' Motivation for Choosing Bilingual Schools and the Role of English Day Programs in Indonesia

In this era of globalization, equipping children with English language skills is very important. Bilingual schools have become a popular choice for parents, as they believe English is important because it is an international language. The English Day program plays a crucial role in creating a learning environment that supports structured language use, fostering a comfortable and enjoyable habit of using English. However, the specific reasons for choosing this school and the contribution of English Day to the linguistic and academic development of children still need to be researched further. Therefore, this research attempts to explore the reasons why parents enroll their children in bilingual schools and how the role of English Day in bilingual schools can help them become more proficient in English. This research uses a qualitative approach with a narrative inquiry method. The researcher used semi-structured interviews to collect data and analyzed it using Braun & Clarke's thematic analysis. From The research findings reveal the main motivations that parents enroll their kids in bilingual schools to make sure they learn English, enjoy a stimulating atmosphere, and become ready for college. Initiatives like English Day improve language proficiency, add enjoyment to the learning process, and encourage critical and creative thinking while offering useful real-world experience. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of delving deeper into parents' motivations to inform educational policies and practices; this research can assist parents in making more informed decisions regarding school choices for their children. This research contributes to the understanding of bilingual education choices, highlighting the practical value of English.

은퇴를 앞둔 중년 남성의 경험 이야기

Objectives The purpose of this study is to qualitatively explore what middle-aged men find important, deeply understand their experiences of facing retirement, and derive insights into the priorities and values that should be emphasized in life during this transition. Methods To this end, two middle-aged men participated in the study. Two interviews were conducted with each participant, and the collected data were analyzed using the narrative inquiry method of Clandinin and Connelly. As a narrative inquirer, the researchers engaged in narrative thinking, reflecting both the participants’ lives and their own. The study sought to understand individual experiences by living, telling, retelling, and reliving stories within the three-dimensional narrative inquiry space of time, place, and sociality. Results The study of the participants' experiences as they approached retirement revealed several key findings: First, participants either faced involuntary retirement or were being encouraged to retire, but wanted to postpone it for as long as they could. Second, they encountered feelings of regret, bitterness, and disappointment as retirement neared. Third, despite the various emotional changes, participants were shown to be naturally adapting to the changing roles within their families. Fourth, reflecting on the past, they expressed both gratitude and regret, attempting to make up for it by treating their wives better. Lastly, they were looking forward to traveling with their wives after retirement. Conclusions This study was conducted to identify what is needed to live a meaningful and happy life after retirement. As post-retirement life has lengthened, economic stability has become more important, and so has the marital relationship, as couples will spend their later years together. Therefore, systematic retirement planning and early interventions, such as group counseling to enhance marital relationships or making personal efforts, are essential.

The Issue of Attribution of Acts Committed in the Information Space

INTRODUCTION. Due to the recent trend related to the use of information and communication technologies by certain states with the aim to assert their geopolitical superiority, study of the issue of attribution of responsibility for acts committed in the information space as well as possible of responses to such attacks becomes even more relevant. Therefore, in the article the problems related to international responsibility, particularities of attacks in information space and ways to attribute such attacks, as well as effectiveness of international law are analyzed.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research examines treaties, international customs, general widely recognized principles of international law, as well as resolutions, materials and documents of specialized working groups, and doctrine. General scientific and specific scientific methods of enquiry (methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction, induction, dialectical and formal legal methods) were used in the preparation of the study.RESEARCH RESULTS. The result of the conducted research is the conclusion that it is impossible to effectively regulate issues arising from the issue of attribution of acts committed in the information space exclusively with the current international law. Therefore, there is a need to develop a relevant international treaty taking into account the provisions of the concept of the UN Convention on International Information Security. At the same time, in order to effectively attribute an act, it is important to take into account the political, technical and legal elements of attribution of responsibility.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The article considers approaches to the issue of attribution of attacks in the information space as well as of possible ways of responding to such attacks within the framework of current international law. The problem of possible application of international humanitarian law, especially issue of interpretation of “attack” for the purposes of attacks in information space was also examined. In addition, the author analyzes the provisions of the concept of the UN Convention on International Information Security.The author concludes that current international law is not sufficient for effective attribution of an act committed in the information space. Elaboration of additional international legal regulation that would take into account the particularities of the information space is required. It is also crucial to develop international cooperation in this area, including through the creation of a global register of contact points.

Problems Faced by English Language Teachers on Transfer of Training Skills

Transfer of training is a continuous process of applying the content, instructional knowledge, and skills learned during the training session into classroom practice. This study explored problems faced by secondary-level English language teachers on the transfer of training abilities in their classroom practices. The study was conducted using a narrative inquiry method applying unstructured interviews to get the required information. Four trained English language teachers teaching in four public schools in Rupandehi district were selected purposively. This research revealed pedagogical transformation through training was not satisfactory as the teachers partially transferred the learned knowledge and skills from training in the classroom delivery. Moreover, poor resources and overload, ineffective curriculum and TPD (Teacher professional development) training, poor collaborative culture, and inadequate administrative support were some problems to increase the rate of transfer of training skills. The study can contribute to providing insightful ideas to the teachers in the transformation of training skills.

기혼 중년기 여성의 말기암 노모와의 사별 경험에 관한 자전적 내러티브탐구: 생(生)과 사(死), 3개월간 사별 전 경험을 중심으로

Objectives This study was conducted to explore the experiences and meaning of bereavement of a terminally ill mother in middle-aged married women. Methods To this end, by applying the autobiographical narrative inquiry method, ‘I’, who appears as both a researcher and a narrator, transfers my experiences before my mother’s death from the day she was diagnosed with terminal ureteral cancer, a rare cancer, to the day of her death into a three-dimensional narrative inquiry space, narrating my life, reliving the life I told, and narrating that life again, creating the meaning of a cyclical process. Results In this study, the meaning of the experience of bereavement before the death of a terminally ill mother in the home, nursing home, or hospice hospital of married middle-aged women was revealed to be ‘confusion,’ ‘acceptance and preparation,’ ‘separation,’ and ‘view.’ Conclusions This study has practical legitimacy in that it provides personal legitimacy and implications for the need for psychological intervention before death between terminally ill cancer patients and their families, as it provides an opportunity to reconsider the meaning of remaining life as an extension of a good life. Furthermore, it has social legitimacy in that it raises awareness of death preparation education, hospice palliative care, and withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, and recognizes the need for institutional expansion of the support system.

Lived experiences of Filipino psychologists as mental health professionals

ABSTRACT This study was able to explore the lived experiences of eight Filipino psychologists as Mental Health Professionals, leading to an understanding of the culture-based approaches derived from their experiences in the treatment and care of clients with mental disorders. The study used the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as a method of inquiry. Five themes emerged from the lived experiences of Filipino psychologists, namely: 1) the need for personal therapy, 2) a sense of frustration and burnout evoked by the clients’ resistance, 3) shared identity in the therapeutic relationship, 4) strong family support as cultural buffer against psychopathology’, and 5) culturally sensitive pragmatic approach in the therapeutic practice. The study could support the theory of Kapwa as a potential indigenous cultural therapeutic approach common to professionally experienced Filipino Psychologists.

Current Issues in the Application of the Provisions of the Law of Ukraine `On the Legal Regime of Martial Law` and Their Impact on the Administrative-Legal Status of Citizens During the Period of Martial Law

Abstract. The relevance of the conducted study is determined by the lack of comprehensive scientific research regarding the protection of citizens' rights during the enforcement of martial law. The purpose of the article is to analyze the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law" in terms of their impact on the administrative and legal status of citizens under martial law. General scientific and special methods of scientific inquiry were employed, including formal-logical, dialectical, systemic analysis, and dogmatic methods. The author conducted a systematic analysis of the provisions of the Law `On the Legal Regime of Martial Law`, addressing issues of potential violations of human and civil rights and freedoms due to the application of certain provisions of this law and their compliance with the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine. Factors and conditions for the introduction of martial law, as specified in the definition of `martial law` (Article 1), were analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the definition provided in the law does not fully correspond to the essence of the legal regime of martial law. It permits the imposition of martial law under conditions that do not pose a threat to the life and health of citizens or to the independence of the state, resulting in unjustified restrictions on citizens rights and freedoms. Based on the study, a revised definition of `martial law` was proposed, incorporating substantial changes compared to the existing law. This revised definition excludes the possibility of unwarranted imposition of martial law and stipulates restrictions only on specific rights and freedoms during its enforcement. To ensure the protection of citizens rights and freedoms, it is proposed to introduce two distinct emergency legal regimes in Ukraine related to external threats (aggression): a `state of threat (attack) regime` and a more stringent `martial law regime`. For each regime, the powers of state authorities, appropriate legal measures, and provisions for transitioning from one regime to another in the event of armed aggression must be defined. It is concluded that the implementation of the norms of the Law `On the Legal Regime of Martial Law`particularly the measures under the martial law regime, must not violate fundamental human and civil rights and freedoms that cannot be restricted even under martial law conditions. If the application of these norms leads to violations of citizens`rights, such norms must be amended or excluded from the law`s text.

English Language Teaching Problems in Nepal: Teachers’ Perspectives

This paper, using the narrative inquiry method, explores English language teachers' perspectives on English Language Teaching (ELT) problems in Nepal. For this purpose, four English language instructors from four community schools located in the Rupandehi area were purposively chosen. The data were collected using semi structured interviews, and the analysis of the data was made using thematic analysis. The findings show that the mixed ability classrooms, unprepared and over-loaded teachers with low payment, poor infrastructure and resource limitations and lack of implementation of the education policy were the major challenges teachers face in ELT practices. The study implies that it can contribute to a better understanding of English teachers’ teaching problems in Nepal to minimize problems and enhance a better learning environment.

Racket sociality: investigating intimidation in North India

This article is an ethnographic investigation into acts of intimidation and threats. Theoretically, it dialogues with ‘racket’ – a key analytical term in the sociology of domination, state‐making, and mafias. The anthropology of power, violence, and crime has paid scant attention to the morphology of threats and the ways interpersonal intimidation intertwines with economic and political forms of coercion. Drawing on ethnographic insights from North India, the article examines the way (criminal) intimidation is normalized, consented to, and socially embedded in everyday life. It shows how racketeering is routinized beyond clandestine organized crime. Ultimately, ‘racket sociality’ is proposed as a new method of ethnographic inquiry into theorizing authority and legitimacy in an age of populist strongmen politics and predatory forms of capitalism.

International Economic Sanctions. Part 1. History and Theory

The relevance of this research lies in examining the evolution of approaches to the application of international economic sanctions at the level of nation-states and international organizations; the reasons for their increasing popularity after the end of the Cold War; and determining the conditions for their effectiveness. The study aims to analyze and synthesize information on the application of economic sanctions, compare approaches to understanding their content and purpose across different historical periods, assess their humanitarian consequences, and formulate conclusions and recommendations for both theoretical and practical purposes. The research employed a wide range of approaches and methods, including the formal-legal method, which allowed for the formulation of basic terms, concepts, features, constructs, and classifications; the historical method, which aided in analyzing the evolution of approaches to the application of economic sanctions; the systemic method, which clarified the mechanisms for imposing, modifying, and lifting economic sanctions; and the comparative legal method of scientific inquiry, which was used to evaluate approaches to the legal regulation of economic sanctions at various stages of historical development. The results of the study include determining the role of international universal organizations, particularly the League of Nations and the UN, in recognizing and enshrining economic sanctions in international law as legitimate means of inducing sanctioned states to engage in desired activities. It has been established that the consequences of applying economic sanctions are ambiguous; in addition to positive effects, they can in some cases hinder peace processes and post-conflict recovery, impede the activities of peacekeeping organizations, undermine negotiations, and exacerbate disagreements between conflicting parties. Despite the possibility of negative consequences, economic sanctions remain popular as a means of demonstrating power or the ability to influence the behavior of a sanctioned government without resorting to military conflict. To mitigate the negative impact of sanctions on peacekeeping efforts, it is recommended that initiators set clear objectives when introducing economic sanctions; conduct regular substantive reviews of their impact; and expand exceptions to sanctions for peacekeeping activities, among other measures. The consequences of economic sanctions for the sanctioned country are primarily manifested in their impact on trade conditions. It is noted that economic sanctions are not necessarily more effective in the case of multilateral sanctions than in unilateral actions. The research observes that economic sanctions affect supporters and opponents of the ruling regime in the sanctioned country differently and may, in some cases, contribute to the consolidation of society around the ruling regime. The study concludes that despite existing shortcomings, economic sanctions have become an important tool for national governments and international organizations in responding to foreign policy challenges.

Spiritual pathfinding: The meaning and process of self-agency in contemporary spirituality

ABSTRACT This paper explores self-directed spirituality in secularised culture. The focus is on how the ‘spiritual but not religious’ find, experience, and manage their spiritual self-agency. This includes matters of self-motivation, self-navigation, self-responsibilities, and self-discernment. The core-activity of consistent psycho-spiritual engagement is referred to as ‘spiritual pathfinding’. The research was conducted using semi-structured interviews, the qualitative method of heuristic inquiry, and thematic analysis, by which the experiences of 20 participants with long-term involvement in self-directed spirituality were explored. The data revealed that spiritual pathfinding was initiated by a deep inner impulse to explore the sacred starting in childhood, subsequently characterised by an organically unfolding trajectory, an emphasis on self-responsibility and responsivity to life, and navigated by intuitive insight and somatic signals. Further findings concerned an intentional exploration of multiple spiritual perspectives in search of personal resonance and meaning. Indigenous, Pagan, and Feminine approaches in particular were sought to explore aspects of sacred immanence deemed missing from patriarchal perspectives. Results indicated that spiritual self-agency was experienced as an inner directive born from an embodied interconnectivity between self, life, and the sacred.

Breathing with Phytoplankton: Exploring Metabolic Connections with Oceanic Microbes

This paper presents an exploration of the interconnectedness between vital metabolic processes of human respiration and phytoplankton photosynthesis. By weaving together ecological sciences with cultural anthropology, eco-feminism, environmental humanities, and artistic practices the paper delves into the intricate metabolic interplay between phytoplankton and humans. Grounded in the notion of "breathing-with," it navigates through physiological, biological, and sensorial dimensions to elucidate the profound connections between respiration and photosynthesis as metabolic media, fostering alliances in multispecies encounters. Drawing inspiration from the biological laboratory and the microscopic realm of chlorophyll-bearing organisms, the transformative power of photosynthesis in shaping the planetary atmosphere and sustaining life is highlighted. While underscoring the pivotal role of phytoplankton in oxygen production and carbon dioxide sequestration, it elucidates the challenges and synergistic impacts of oceanic oxygen depletion driven by anthropogenic activities. Beyond a mere metabolic function, breath emerges as a metaphorical interface for collective action and co-conspiracy, transcending boundaries between human and non-human entities. As such it advocates for a deeper engagement with planetary ecologies and a reimagining of our relationality with the more-than-human world. Through artistic inquiry and experimental methods, the paper invites readers to reflect on the profound implications of our interconnectedness with phytoplankton, urging a renewed commitment to symbiotic coexistence. In this sense, the act of breathing goes beyond its metabolic function, extending as a form of collective agency in confronting the challenges of an ever-changing world.

Heraclitus and Socrates on Wise Humans and Their Ignorance

Various studies have suggested that both Socrates and Heraclitus distinguish between human and divine knowledge. However, researchers have not thoroughly examined the connection between their views. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between the perspectives of Heraclitus and Socrates on wisdom, knowledge, and epistemic authority. This will be done by analysing Heraclitus’ fragments concerning the nature of knowledge-acquisition, the epistemic authority of his predecessors and the nature of human wisdom, and Plato’s Apology, where Socrates disavows certain knowledge and refutes others’ claims to wisdom. The findings reveal a close relationship between Heraclitus’ and Socrates’ reasons for criticizing those considered wise by many people. Both philosophers think that without employing the correct method of inquiry, people will attain neither wisdom nor understanding. While Heraclitus provides a metaphysical foundation for his claim why people fail to attain knowledge–they do not understand the logos that governs everything–Socrates does not have any explicit metaphysical commitments but thinks that people do not know what human wisdom amounts to. However, both emphasize the practice of self-inquiry, the value of self-knowledge, and the distinction between human and divine wisdom.

Pre-Service Teachers’ Beliefs on the Subject-Specific Use of Digital Media in Biology Classrooms

AbstractPre-service teacher (PST) training in Germany largely fails to prepare prospective teachers adequately for the subject-specific use of digital media. In order to promote their digital competences as well as their intention to use digital media, teacher training needs to adapt. Utilizing Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study aims to identify beliefs on the subject-specific use of different digital media in biology classroom. Within a weekly course on different scientific inquiry methods, pre-service biology teachers used various digital media and wrote reflections on advantages and disadvantages of the digital media they used. Through analysis of these written reflections (n = 85) it was possible, to differentiate the TPB constructs into 38 subcategories. Across all media, we were able to identify most beliefs in the area of behavioral and control beliefs, while normative beliefs and self-efficacy expectations were rarely expressed. At the level of the inductive categories, however, the beliefs were often expressed with different frequencies depending on the medium used. The results allow a more subject-specific differentiation of TPB’s constructs for digital media use in order to design a measuring instrument to evaluate biology teacher training courses. In addition, the results indicate that PSTs’ intention to use digital media in the biology classroom also differs depending on the medium used. These findings provide actionable insights for the design of teacher training programs that specifically target beliefs, i.e. by confronting PSTs with a variety of different digital tools, to enhance the effective use of digital media in biology classrooms.

Design and Management of Digital Communication Media to Build Stakeholder Trust and Reputation of the Indonesian Ikaboga Organization

Ikatan Ahli Boga Indonesia (Ikaboga Indonesia) was established in 1987. It is the first and oldest organization for Indonesian Culinary Experts. This organization is neither commercial nor political. They are currently experiencing challenges such as the weak commitment of its members, especially in terms of setting aside time, energy, and materials. As a result, many organizational tasks are not carried out according to their duties. This organization is also weak in managing digital communication media. In the digital era, many organizations compete to build stakeholder trust and reputation through digital media. This is the background to this PKM. By paying attention to the three main principles of the SDGs, namely universal, integration, and inclusive, this PKM focuses on and aims to improve the skills (technology and management) of the administrators and members of Ikaboga Indonesia. Such as skills in organizational communication management and the design and management of digital communication media to build stakeholder trust and the reputation of Ikaboga Indonesia. This program is carried out by elaborating ten methods: learning methods, question and answer and discussion methods, demonstration methods, problem-solving methods, practice or skills training methods, design methods, discovery methods, inquiry methods, mind mapping methods, and role-sharing methods. As a result, this activity was positively influenced; 71% of participants attended because they were interested and wanted to learn. This PKM was also considered to impact 81.2% of participants' cognitive changes significantly. The causal factors did not have a 100% effect on increasing participants' cognitive abilities due to obstacles of 56.5% lost and intermittent sound due to signal.; 43.5% had a wrong signal.; 21.77% due to distance obstacles, and 17.4% due to technological barriers, hunger, and other work, so they could not focus.

Developing the digital competencies of future public servants: a differentiated approach

Introduction. In the digital age, a primary condition for ensuring national security, fostering long-term economic development, and enhancing the quality of life for citizens is the effective functioning of state civil service institutions. Consequently, the quality of training for future employees in public authorities, particularly in the field of information and communication technologies, is of paramount importance.Aim. The present research aims to establish scientific and methodological foundations for a differentiated approach to developing digital competencies among future specialists in public and municipal administration during their training.Methodology and research methods. The methodological foundation of the study was grounded in the methods and principles of systems analysis, as well as general logical methods of scientific inquiry, including analysis, synthesis, generalisation, induction, and deduction. Additionally, it employed modelling techniques such as mental modelling and visual modelling.Results. The definition of the category “differentiation” as a specific form of educational organisation has been established. Key principles have been identified and substantiated, including the principles of complexity levels, individualisation, and collaboration. A framework model for the differentiated training of future public authority employees in the field of digital technologies has been outlined.Scientific novelty. A new methodology for training future specialists in state and municipal administration has been developed, substantiated, and is currently being implemented, taking into account contemporary trends in the evolution of the higher education system, particularly in the realm of digital technologies.Practical significance. The results obtained can serve as a methodology for organising educational activities within the higher education system, specifically for training future employees of public authorities.