Sexual Pleasure Research Articles

(109) Characterization of Traditional and Household Items Used Globally for Sexual Pleasure Amongst Adults

Abstract Introduction Sexual health is an important aspect of overall health. Though sex toys are commonly used by people of all genders, little research exists to explore their safety and efficacy when it comes to optimizing pleasure and improving sexual function in various patient populations. Global barriers to use of sex toys, including limited access, legality, and cost, also have important implications on people being able to use these devices. Household devices have been used, likely as they provide more accessible, cost effective means of optimizing pleasure, though no research exists to assess safety and efficacy of such items. Objective The purpose of our study is to categorize the demographics, usage, behaviors, and safety concerns of adults who use traditional and household items for sexual pleasure. Methods An electronic survey was distributed across several Reddit forums, including r/sex, r/menshealth, and r/womenshealth. People who consented were 18 years of age or older and those who answered “yes” to having used household item(s) for sexual pleasure were invited to participate in the survey. Demographic information was collected about survey respondents. Types of traditional and household tools used for sexual pleasure were also recorded along with degree of satisfaction, cost, and safety concerns for each item used. Results Two hundred thirty-four people responded to the survey over a 72 hour period. Seventy-five percent of those who started the survey, completed it. Participants were most commonly from the United States (40%), Canada (7%), and the United Kingdom (5%). Forty-eight percent did not specify their country of residence. Fifty-five percent of respondents were between the ages of 18 and 45, with an almost even split between men (30%), women (36%), and not specified (35%). The most popular traditional sex toys used were vibrators (n=112), dildos (n=90), and anal toys (n=70). Showerheads (n=92), pillows, (n=52), and electric/pulsating toothbrushes (n=50) were the most common household items used for sexual pleasure. The leading safety concerns were cleanliness and hygiene (n=87) followed by allergies and insensitivity (n=50). Conclusions The global sex toy market is a multi-billion dollar industry. The sexual medicine literature is expanding to now include the use of sex toys and tools in various patient populations, though much is still unknown, particularly when it comes to the use of household items used for pleasure. Our study suggests that use of traditional and household items for sexual pleasure can be both safe and effective. When considering global barriers to the use of sex toys, understanding the safety and efficacy of household items is critical, as these may expand our armamentarium of tools to offer patients. Disclosure No.

“Even when you write with a pencil there is an eraser to clean it”: Examining men's conceptualisations of and involvement in emergency contraceptive use in Accra, Ghana

Emergency contraceptive pills are an essential and unique post-coital method to avoid a pregnancy, with evidence showing the significant role men can have in procurement and decisions to use. Global Health recommendations specify that emergency contraceptive pills be used sparingly and under specific conditions. This increasingly misaligns with the myriad conceptualisations and rationales among the public for why they choose to use emergency contraceptive pills. There has been a paucity of research aiming to understanding men's involvement and how they shape women's access, choice, and autonomy.This study interrogates how emergency contraceptive pills are conceptualised by men in James Town, Ghana, and how this intersects with their motivations to be involved in its use. Mixed method data from a survey (n = 270) and in-depth interviews (n = 37) were collected between July 2020 and January 2021. The analysis examines men's framings of emergency contraceptive pills and how these shape their involvement in its use.Men's knowledge of post-coital contraceptives was high, while knowledge of the specific term ‘emergency contraception’ was lower. While some men understood the pills in ways that aligned to Global Health framings, many more men saw emergency contraceptive pills as another means of pregnancy prevention in line with other contraceptives. This included its conceptualisation as a contraceptive that facilitates pleasurable (condomless) and spontaneous sex. Gendered perceptions of women who use emergency contraceptive pills were bound in sexual stigma, and men indicated that emergency contraceptive pills were a directly observable form of contraception that they could pressure their partner into using. Understanding plural conceptualisations away from ‘emergency’ are necessary to create policies and programmes that account for men's involvement. This includes understanding how emergency contraceptive pills are located within people's sexual and reproductive lives and gendered power dynamics, to reflect the public's own rationales for and experiences using post-coital contraceptives.

The barriers and enablers to accessing sexual health and sexual well-being services for midlife women (aged 40-65 years) in high-income countries: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Midlife, beginning at 40 years and extending to 65 years, a range that encompasses the late reproductive to late menopausal stages, is a unique time in women's lives, when hormonal and physical changes are often accompanied by psychological and social evolution. Access to sexual health and sexual well-being (SHSW) services, which include the prevention and management of sexually transmitted infections, contraception and the support of sexual function, pleasure and safety, is important for the health of midlife women, their relationships and community cohesion. The objective was to use the socio-ecological model to synthesise the barriers and enablers to SHSW services for midlife women in high-income countries. A systematic review of the enablers and barriers to women (including trans-gender and non-binary people) aged 40-65 years accessing SHSW services in high-income countries was undertaken. Four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were searched for peer-reviewed publications. Findings were thematically extracted and reported in a narrative synthesis. Eighty-one studies were included; a minority specifically set out to study SHSW care for midlife women. The key barriers that emerged were the intersecting disadvantage of under-served groups, poor knowledge, about SHSW, and SHSW services, among women and their healthcare professionals (HCPs), and the over-arching effect of stigma, social connections and psychological factors on access to care. Enablers included intergenerational learning, interdisciplinary and one-stop women-only services, integration of SHSW into other services, peer support programmes, representation of minoritised midlife women working in SHSW, local and free facilities and financial incentives to access services for under-served groups. Efforts are needed to enhance education about SHSW and related services among midlife women and their healthcare providers. This increased education should be leveraged to improve research, public health messaging, interventions, policy development and access to comprehensive services, especially for midlife women from underserved groups.

NOVEL SUSU DAN TELUR KARYA MIEKO KAWAKAMI TERJEMAHAN ASRI PRATIWI WULANDARI: KAJIAN FEMINISME RADIKAL

The topic of feminism in Japan is something that society has not yet fully accepted. This is the reason why researchers chose the novel Susu and Eggs to be used as the object of study. The discrimination that occurs against female characters in the novel leads to extreme actions and thoughts regarding women's freedom regarding their rights. Therefore, the novel Susu and Eggs is studied using radical feminism theory. The aim of this research is to describe the structural analysis and aspects of radical feminism in the object of study. Data discovery was carried out using the library study method, namely reading the novel in its entirety. The description of the data is carried out through qualitative descriptive methods. The research results show that there is a relationship between the title, theme and characterization in the novel. The title relates to the major theme which is supported by the minor theme. The theme is depicted through events that support the characters' characters. On the other hand, the aspects of radical feminism found are divided into five parts, namely: (1) women and their bodies which are related to Midoriko and Natsuko. Midoriko as a teenager who hates the nature of women, then Natsuko as a single woman who cannot find pleasure in sex, but wants to have children through a sperm donor; (2) the inequality of roles in the household which is depicted through the character Yusa Rika who hates her ex-husband; (3) women's beauty standards which include women's body shape and nipple color; (4) stereotypes about women's bodies that discuss women's instincts to get pregnant and societal stigma that prioritizes the penis over the vagina; (5) and sexual violence which includes the act of rape against the character Zen Yuriko.

Case Study on the Importance of Sexual Satisfaction in Married Women with Children

The purpose of this case study is to analyze the importance of sexual satisfaction of four married women with children. The indicators for the study were age, years of marriage, number and level of coexistence with children. A semi-structured interview was carried out where the original question was: Do you feel satisfied with your sexual life? According to the response obtained, subsequent questions are triggered, these are oriented towards your sexual life. The women interviewed relate satisfaction to the respect, trust and communication they have during the sexual act, but they point out that there are factors that affect it, such as the activities they do with their children, home, work and husband, within the development of The research detected a misconception about sexual pleasure and this is due to limited sexuality due to lack of privacy, daily life and parenting. Finally, reference is made to the importance of education and sexual health and emphasizing the benefits they have on a physical, psychological and social level, exalting the skills of the nursing professional in terms of the promotion and comprehensive care of the individual, focused on sexuality and respecting its integrity.

“You Shall Make Lake Victoria, and Become a Goddess of Love”: A Case Report about Traditional Female Ejaculation Techniques in Kenya

Kunyaza is a traditional sexual technique reported in some regions of Central Africa that aims to trigger peri-orgasmic fluid production. A personal narrative experience of a 29-year-old unmarried woman from Kenya suggested that this particular technique may have also been practiced in Kenya for a long time. Indeed, an oral tradition about “how to make Lake Victoria”, a peculiar local expression used to indicate peri-orgasmic fluid production, is reported here. This tradition is transmitted from grandmothers to granddaughters and concerns not only fluid emission but also teachings on personal hygiene, sexual interactions with a partner, and, interestingly, the importance of the woman’s sexual pleasure. In this narrative case report, we compared anecdotes and personal experiences with literature evidence about herbal medicine and traditional practices, suggesting the presence of a particularly woman-centered sexual culture in some more sex-positive ethnic groups in Kenya.

Cultural Differences in the Perception of (Self-)sexualizing Instagram Content and Their Associations with Sexism and Self-sexualization Tendencies: Evidence from Six Countries

The use of social networking sites is associated with objectification tendencies of the self and others. However, only few studies investigate how users actually perceive sexualizing content on Instagram. In a recent study, we showed that perceiving sexy Instagram posts as appropriate and less revealing goes along with self-sexualization in German participants and that Instagram users tend to be more sexist than non-users. The present study aimed to replicate these findings in a cross-nations study to test for cultural differences. We asked N = 2055 persons from six different countries (Germany, Spain, United States, Italy, Turkey, and South Africa) to rate sexy Instagram posts with respect to revealing clothing, appropriateness, and attractiveness and collected self-report data on sexism, enjoyment of sexualization, and Instagram usage behavior. Our results show associations between the perception of the presented posts as appropriate, sexism, and self-sexualizing tendencies in all countries. Strength of the associations are mainly the same across all countries. Participants from Spain, the U.S., and Italy reported the lowest sexism scores and the most liberal ratings for the presented photos. We find no substantial main effect of mere Instagram use on sexism or photo ratings. The results suggest that Instagram use does not necessarily alter the perception of sexualized stimuli, but that greater appreciation of self-sexualizing others goes along with self-sexualization. This effect seems to be culturally invariant. The found mean differences between countries are plausible, but future studies should aim to obtain representative samples to allow serious assumptions about cultural effects.

Exploring the Global Impact of Homosexuality: A Comprehensive Analysis from Islamic Perspective

No one can deny the fact that apart from food and drink, human beings also have sexual desires and the satisfaction of carnal desires is natural for human beings. Like the rest of the physical needs, the sexual pleasure has been regulated through the institution of marriage which is the basic unit of an Islamic society. There has always been illicit/unnatural means to fulfill this physical need such as homosexuality – an unnatural method that may lead to the spread of many diseases. Ironically it has been given a legal accreditation in many countries of Europe, America and in other parts of the world. The article reviews the social impact of homosexuality in any given society with the rise in the rate of crime and diseases in these countries.

Scoping review of discourses on masturbation in Africa: an afrofeminist analysis

ABSTRACT Masturbation – self-sexual stimulation of the genitalia – literature is underdeveloped, especially in terms of non-Western samples. More importantly, there remains very little or no research about how masturbation as a sexual practice contributes to understanding the gender dynamics of sexual choices in Africa. Using the African feminist resistance framework of ‘radical rudeness’, developed by the Ugandan feminist Stella Nyanzi, this paper, through a scoping review of twenty-five studies, aims to review and synthesise the literature on masturbation discourse by identifying the socio-demographic dynamics of masturbators, their understanding of masturbation and its rationale, and the agentic and innovative ways of masturbation as reflected in existing works. The author argues that masturbation offers a space to experience one’s own sexual pleasure, as they push for a conceptually nuanced viewpoint about African sex. The analysis thus makes a clarion call to rethink the sex discourse in order to better appreciate and promote the sexual diversity of Africa.

"My Mom Would Always Say Pussy Rules the World": A Qualitative Exploration of Southern Black Women's Sexual Messages.

Exploring southern Black women's sexual messaging is important for appropriately contextualizing their sexual experiences. This study advances the literature on southern Black women's sexuality by analyzing the valence, content, and sources of sexual messages using #HotGirlScience. Twenty-five Black women's semi-s tructured interview responses were analyzed using thematic analysis. Thirteen women reported mixed messages, followed by positive messages (n = 10) and negative messages (n = 2). Seven major content themes were constructed: 1) sex is taboo, 2) sex is painful, harmful, and/or violent for Black women, 3) sex prioritizes male partner's pleasure, 4) consent and safety, 5) agency and sexual pleasure, 6) pleasure expansiveness, and 7) sexual communication.

Sexual pleasure and HIV-related worry in female sex workers on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis in south-western Uganda.

Female sex workers (FSWs) contribute disproportionately to HIV transmission in Uganda, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV among cisgender women. Psychological factors are important for PrEP uptake, but few studies have examined psychosocial changes due to PrEP use in Uganda. In 2021, we recruited 524 FSWs in three Trans-African Highway towns and four fishing communities in south-western Uganda. We conducted structured interviews among women who were attending routine PrEP follow-up visits in six health units. Bivariable and multivariable modified regression using a robust covariance matrix estimator were used to identify factors associated with experiencing increased sexual pleasure and less worry about HIV because of PrEP. Overall, 80.9% participants reported that sex was more pleasurable because of taking PrEP. There were statistical trends for sex being more pleasurable when taking PrEP or when having condomless sex with casual paying partners (aPR=1.19, 95% CI=1.07-1.32, P=0.001). Almost three-quarters of the participants (76.3%) were less worried about getting HIV because of PrEP. Condomless sex with casual paying partners (aPR=1.17, 95% CI=1.05-1.31, P=0.032, P=0.003) and being On PrEP for the past 1-2years (aPR=1.18, 95% CI=1.00-1.38, P=0.032) was significantly associated with HIV-related worry (aPR=1.17, 95% CI=1.05-1.31, P=0.032, P=0.003)Conclusions:We found a positive impact of PrEP in Ugandan FSWs on two key psychosocial dimensions: (1) more pleasurable sex; and (2) less worry about acquiring HIV. Interventions aiming to increase PrEP uptake may find it useful to focus on psychosocial dimensions.

Condom Use among Youths in Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Narrative Review on the Myths, Misconceptions, and Challenges

If properly used, condoms can serve as an effective family planning method and preventive tool towards sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Despite its anticipated effectiveness, there are different myths and misconceptions which have been observed as hindrances to both its use and effectiveness. This review examines the myths and misconceptions of condom use among youths and explores challenges in condom usage in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). A narrative review was employed of which different journal articles were reviewed. The search words/phrases were “condom use in SSA, condom use among youths in SSA, myths and misconceptions on condom use among youths in SSA.” A total of 1074 studies were identified, 93 were relevant to the topic, and only 71 suited the review. The identified myths and misconceptions of condom use include that males were the ones to decide on the use of condoms during sexual intercourse, economic power determines the use of condoms, condom use reduces sexual pleasure, condom use relates to the spread of HIV/AIDS, and condom use is against God’s will. Other identified myths and misconceptions of condom use include that the use of condoms is a sign of lack of trust associated with fornication and adultery, also the use of condoms is only for family planning purposes. The challenges identified were breakage of condom during sexual intercourse, condom slippage, condom leakage, incorrect storage, and reuse of condoms. The identified myths and misconceptions lead to low knowledge of condom use within communities. There is a need for collaboration between governments, researchers, and NGOs to provide education on condom use to communities, particularly youths.

Evaluation of average penis length and the thoughts of Turkish men and partners. Is surgery necessary?

The purpose of this study was to determine the average penis length and girth among the Turkish population, and to analyse the perspectives of couples. A total of 1703 males and 139 female partners participated in this study. All the participants completed a questionnaire and the flaccid and stretched penis length and girth were recorded. The results showed that the average flaccid penis length was 8.44 ± 2.28 cm and 12.27 ± 2.91 cm stretched, with girth of 8.23 ± 2.07 cm. Regarding the importance of penis size for a satisfying sexual experience, 18.5% of men thought penis length mattered, 9.9% considered thickness important, and 71.6% thought both were significant. A majority of participants, 67.8% of males and 76% of females, expressed that erect penis length was crucial for sexual pleasure. For a healthy sexual intercourse, 19.4% of the female partners emphasized the significance of penis length, 23.7% highlighted thickness, and 56.8% emphasized both factors for a fulfilling sexual relationship. A comparison between men's stretched penis length and the ideal length for partner satisfaction revealed no statistically significant difference (13 (4.8-21) cm vs. 12 (8-20) cm, p = 0.078). The average penis length and girth of Turkish males were found to be similar to the data in studies of this subject in literature. Both the males and their partners thought that erect penis length and girth were important for sexual intercourse. The males considering penis lengthening and thickening procedures should know whether or not their own penis is close to the average values, to avoid undergoing unnecessary surgeries.

Trends, and patterns, of premarital sexual intercourse and its associated factors among never-married young women aged 15-24 in Sierra Leone.

Premarital sexual intercourse has essential implications for the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young women. These include increased sexual pleasure and satisfaction as well as exposure to the risks of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS. This study examined the trends, patterns, and associations of premarital sexual intercourse among young women aged 15-24 in Sierra Leone. Nationally representative cross-sectional data from the 2008, 2013, and 2019 Demographic and Health Surveys in Sierra Leone were used for the study. A weighted sample of 9,675 never-married young women was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of premarital sexual intercourse in Sierra Leone. Percentages were used to present the results of the trends and patterns of premarital sexual intercourse. We employed a multilevel binary logistic regression modelling technique to examine the associations of premarital sexual intercourse. The results were presented using adjusted odds ratio with their respective 95% confidence interval. The pooled prevalence of premarital sexual intercourse among the young women in Sierra Leone was 62.9%. Over the survey years, premarital sexual intercourse increased from 59.8% in 2008 to 65.1% in 2013. However, it declined by 3.5% to 61.6% in 2019. Young women aged 20-24 (aOR = 12.47, 95% CI = 10.54-14.76) had higher odds of engaging in premarital sexual intercourse than those aged 15-19. Young women with higher educational levels (aOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.17-2.99), those who were working (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.44-1.78), those who listened to the radio (aOR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.29-1.60), and those who lived in the Northwestern (aOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.68-2.84), Eastern (aOR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.23-1.760, Northern (aOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.25 -, 1.76), and Southern (aOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.36-1.94) regions were more likely to engage in premarital sexual intercourse compared to those with no formal education, those not working, those who did not listen to the radio, and those who lived in the Western region, respectively. Young women in the richest wealth category (aOR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.49-0.78), and residing in rural areas (aOR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72-0.98) had lower odds of engaging in premarital sexual intercourse relative to those from the poorest wealth quintile and those living in urban areas. Our study found a high prevalence of premarital sexual intercourse among young women in Sierra Leone. Premarital sexual intercourse was associated with age, educational level, wealth, employment, and region. This necessitates providing them with comprehensive information regarding sexual and reproductive health behaviours, specifically emphasising the benefits and adverse consequences of engaging in sexual experimentation. Additionally, it is crucial to promote the adoption of abstinence, injections, implants, and condom usage through consistent advocacy for youth-risk communication.

(De)Constructing the Vulva: Locating the Labia in Trans "Vaginoplasty"

Abstract: The surgical construction of a vulva in transgender 'vaginoplasty' offers a unique opportunity to deconstruct the sociocultural standing of the vulva at large. Social apprehension of the vulva is broadly 'dis-eased,' in Christine Labuski's terms: profoundly and bioculturally disparaged. Synecdochically erased, and with its function effaced against the reproductive, heterosexed vagina, the vulva is situated at the paradoxical intersection of excess and lack, simultaneously invisibilised and threateningly, shamefully visible. This disparagement bears professional ramifications: medical science reflects the sociocultural context in which it is produced and (re)produces precisely this culture. Through trans 'vaginoplasty,' the trans body is surgically inscribed with this dis-eased vulvar script, manifesting as social text upon which the vulva may be read. Systematic reviews of surgical literature, analysed here with respect to the clitoris and labia minora as structures central for female sexual pleasure, reveal how surgeons (re)produce the fictitious dichotomy between vulvar appearance and vaginal function and (re)erase non-heteronormative sexuality. The trans vulva thus illustrates the sociocultural position of the vulva, literally constructed in this image: linguistically invisibilised, it is the heterosexed vagina which takes precedent, at cost of vulvar cosmesis, and in disavowal of vulvar function, the vulva relegated to an academic, surgical and otherwise afterthought.

PSSE: PARENTING STYLE SEX EDUCATION, ON UNDERSTANDING SEXUAL VIOLENCE WHAT PARENTS DO TOWARDS CHILDREN IN TIKTOK

Child sexual abuse is the involvement of children in all forms of sexual activity that occurs before the child reaches the age limit set by state law and is carried out by adults or older people for sexual pleasure. Based on data from the Online Information System for the Protection of Women and Children in 2023, the highest number of cases of violence based on the place of occurrence occurred in the household sphere, which amounted to 15,450 cases with the most experienced type of violence being sexual violence at 11,191 cases. The purpose of this study is to provide information and education about "Sexual Violence According to the Aspects of Parents" so that people, especially parents, can find out about sexual violence and will not do this to their children. The method used is the literature review method by collecting various articles that have discussed sexual violence according to the views of parents and quantitative methods in calculating research results. The results of the study obtained that our educational video aired for a week received a total audience of 1,171 views with 24 likes, 1 comment, 8 shares and 6 accounts saved the video. 52% of the video viewers were female and 56% were in the age range of 25-34 years. With the results of the audience mentioned above, which is mostly adults, it is hoped that it can increase their insight and empathy to be more concerned about preventing sexual violence against children.

Graphene and coltan

The clean and renewable energy scenario has gone through a transformation process with the discovery of new generation sources and devices for their storage. Sustainable and efficient solutions are sought to satisfy the growing energy demand of today's population. The environmental problems related to fossil fuels are recognized throughout the world, but to abandon them and for renewable energies to cover current demand, they must not only deliver enough energy but must also be accumulated and transported. In this perspective, batteries play an important role in different areas, from energy storage to powering electronic devices, electric vehicles, etc. Electronic devices use relatively little power, so even small improvements in batteries have driven big changes in their performance and daily use. The functionalities of graphene and coltan make them ideal for a variety of applications, which are at the same time development opportunities for Colombia, such as water purification and desalination, catalyzing systems for the production of hydrogen and foams for lighting purposes, and a rapid heating element; graphene used as a photocatalytic coating material in smart buildings can purify the air in cities; It is also a promising material in the fields of printed electronics, sensors, graphene-based field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensors, optical biosensors, and photovoltaic cells. The possibility of incorporating graphene microchips implanted in teeth for bacterial detection and monitoring of oral hygiene is currently being studied, which could facilitate the study and prevention of periodontal diseases in the future; At the University of Manchester, new graphene condoms were obtained thanks to graphene composite polymers, which provide a higher heat transfer rate, improving sensitivity and the ability to disperse active drugs to prevent sexually transmitted diseases uniformly, pregnancy or even increase sexual pleasure. Graphene sheets have also recently been used to measure blood glucose levels through sweat and deliver pharmacological doses through the skin. This research focuses on a case study: the sizing of a Lithium battery with graphite in both electrodes as an alternative solution for greater energy storage. In this process, the participation of graphite in both electrodes is expanded, specifically in the coating of the cathode through layers to reduce losses and thereby improve battery storage. With this proposal, both the anode and the cathode will be made up of intercalator materials (graphite), different from the metallic lithium anode, which is dangerous, and the Li+1 ion can travel reversibly between them. As a result of the work, the structure of the new battery that will be built and tested in the following stages of the research was designed in SolidWorks software.

Дитячі будинки УРСР: вихователі vs вихованці (1945–1950-ті рр.)

The purpose of the article. To analyze the personnel, the interaction of educators with children, to highlight illegal actions and abuse of the staff of orphanages. The methodology of the research. The research uses complex and specific-historical approaches, general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction) and special-historical (historical-genetic, comparative-historical) research methods. Scientific novelty consists in a deeper, systematic analysis of the personnel of orphanages and their interaction with pupils. Conclusions. Due to the fact that during the researched period work in orphanages remained in the category of low-paid and unprestigious professions, there was always an acute shortage of not only highly qualified, but also workers with at least the appropriate education. Often, people who had no relation to pedagogy and had no idea about working with children got into management positions in orphanages. This greatly complicated the life of orphans, and sometimes even threatened their lives and health, because low-qualified educators could not provide proper care, which sometimes led to accidents, sometimes to death. In addition, due to the fact that children's homes remained on the periphery of state supervision, favorable conditions were created for various abuses by the staff of these children's institutions. Most of the workers tried to get additional benefits for themselves, starting with excessive bonuses at any convenient opportunity and ending with the theft of property and funds intended for orphans. There were also quite a few cases when directors, and sometimes pioneer leaders, considered pupils as objects for their own sexual pleasure. In addition, it was practiced to use the labor of minor orphans who, with the permission of the directors, were assigned to private individuals as domestic workers.

Conceptual anatomy of the female genitalia using text mining and implications for patient care

This article analyses the conceptual histories of words associated with female genital parts to explore how they may affect the lived experience of people with these parts and the quality...

Инкрустированное инородное тело мочевого пузыря у ребенка 14 лет.

Introduction. Foreign bodies of the lower urinary tract in children are a rather rare pathology in the practice of a pediatric urologist and pediatric surgeon. There are not many cases of this condition described in the literature, despite the trend towards an increase in the incidence of foreign bodies in children. Foreign bodies in the lower urinary tract are most common in adolescents and are usually self-introduced to satisfy sexual desire or curiosity. Cases of calcified foreign bodies of the bladder are described, which may not manifest themselves for a long time. Timely diagnosis and removal of foreign bodies is an effective, but in some cases very difficult, treatment that avoids possible complications. However, in pediatric patients it is difficult to obtain a reliable medical history, especially in those who use objects for sexual pleasure. Сlinical case. A clinical case of treating a 14-year-old child with an encrusted foreign body (a wax candle) is presented. This foreign body was in the cavity of the bladder, presumably about 8 months at the time of surgery. This observation demonstrates a rare case of a bladder foreign body with an unusual structure, with a description of the features of its diagnosis and endoscopic removal. Conclusion. Foreign bodies of the lower urinary tract in children are a very rare clinical situation. These conditions require accelerated diagnosis in order to start treatment early and reduce the risks of possible complications. The use of modern minimally invasive endoscopic methods is possible for the removal of foreign bodies of the lower urinary tract in children.