Enjoyment Of Life Research Articles

Associations between smoking history, baseline pain interference and symptom distribution, and physical function at discharge, in individuals seeking care for musculoskeletal pain

ObjectiveStudy of the association between smoking and pain intensity has produced conflicting results; with less focus on pain interference. Different pain constructs could have varying associations with smoking behaviors. This study sought to investigate the association between smoking history and not only pain intensity, but also pain interference, symptom distribution and physical function. MethodsSmoking history (current, past, or none), pain interference (Pain, Enjoyment of Life, and General Activity scale), symptom distribution and physical function scores were extracted from medical records of patients seen in physical therapy for common sites of musculoskeletal pain (lumbar and cervical spine, knee, or hip). Generalized linear models assessed the relationship between smoking history and pain/function. Results833 patients from an integrated healthcare system were included (mean: 57.6 years, SD=16.3; 43 % male). After controlling for several variables, current smokers had significantly higher baseline pain interference scores compared to never and former smokers (beta [B]: 0.65, 95 %CI: 0.13 to 1.18, P=.02). Smoking was not a significant predictor of symptom distribution at baseline [B: 0.17, 95 %CI −0.06 to 0.42, P=.16] or physical function scores at discharge [B: -0.03, 95 %CI: −0.08 to 0.02, P=.25]. ConclusionSmokers experienced a greater impact of pain at baseline. However, symptom distribution at intake and function upon discharge were similar between all smoking groups. These findings suggest smoking cessation and abstinence may be important recommendations to help curb pain interference.

Testing the religion/spirituality-mental health curvilinear hypothesis using data from many-analysts religion project

ABSTRACT Findings from the recent Many-Analysts Religion Project (MARP) have been characterized as supporting a robust positive relationship between various measures of religion and aspects of well-being. However different conceptualizations of religiosity (e.g. identity, attendance, belief, conviction) can theoretically be expected to display distinct (e.g. non-linear or curvilinear) patterns of relationships with different manifestations of well-being. Additionally extant analyses of MARP data have not addressed how influences such as social support affect the relationship between religion/spirituality (R/S) and well-being. The present analysis restricted to a subset of countries with the predominant religion of Christianity found that net demographic controls, meaning in life, and enjoyment of life was significantly higher among those identifying as religious, attending religious service, and identifying as believing in God. However, when God was modelled quadratically, both meaning in life and enjoyment of life demonstrated a “J-shaped” relationship, although the nuances for their interpretation were distinct. Thus, partial support was found for a quadradic or “J-shaped” relationship between religious belief and mental well-being. Finally, adjusting estimates for social support tended to diminish the importance of R/S variables for predicting well-being, suggesting that increased well-being evinces a complex relationship with religious belief.

Sustaining Joy in Serious Neurologic Illnesses.

The goals of medicine tend to be framed around addressing suffering, pathology, and functional deficits. While this is a natural orientation when dealing with serious illness, it is also incomplete and neglects significant opportunities to improve the quality of life of patients, families, and clinicians. The "total enjoyment of life" is a multidimensional framework that can serve as a positive counterbalance to the "total pain of illness." It allows clinicians, researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders to take a systematic and comprehensive approach to the active promotion of well-being. The five opportunities for enhancing well-being in this framework are meaning, social connections, happiness/contentment, spiritual transcendence, and pleasure. Applying these concepts in clinical settings, patients, families, and clinicians can together find opportunities to increase the total enjoyment of life in the face of incurable and intractable illnesses. For family care partners, these concepts can be applied to improve self-care, enhance relationships, and develop more creative approaches to supporting a loved one living with illness. Clinicians working with these concepts may find their clinical work more satisfying and impactful and can also apply these concepts to their own lives to increase wellness. In clinical research, this framework can be applied to improve intervention effectiveness and relevance of outcome measures. Lastly, these concepts have the potential to impact public health approaches that focus on well-being and flourishing as the goal and metric of a healthy society.

Identifying associations between sample characteristics, symptoms, and self-efficacy differences in adult patients with rare tumors of the central nervous system who participated in a novel web-based natural history study.

High self-efficacy is associated with improved self-care and reduced symptoms in cancer patients but has not been fully interrogated in adults with central nervous system (CNS) cancers. We aimed to identify the relationship between self-efficacy levels in managing emotions (SEMEM) and social interactions (SEMSI) by examining sample characteristics and symptom burden. Sample characteristics and patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures addressing self-efficacy (PROMIS SEMEM & SEMSI) and symptom burden (MDASI BT or SP) were collected in a novel web-based study of 158 adult patients diagnosed with rare CNS tumors. The sample was predominantly female (73%), diagnosed with an ependymoma (66%), and had a median age of 45 (19-75). Low SEMEM was associated with a longer duration of symptoms before surgery (r = -0.26) and female gender (92%) among brain tumor (BT) participants and in spinal cord tumors (SCT), those with lower education (r = 0.29). Reporting low SEMSI was associated with being married (42%), lower education (r = 0.22), and a prolonged time with symptoms before surgery (r = 0.29) in those with BTs, with no associations identified in SCT. More severe mood-related interference (including mood, enjoyment of life, and relationship with others) was associated with lower SEMEM among both locations (r = -0.61 brain, r = -0.28 spine) and SEMSI in BT participants (r = -0.54). Low self-efficacy was linked to a prolonged time between symptom onset and initial surgery, education, gender, and marital status and was associated with higher mood-related interference. Understanding characteristics associated with low self-efficacy underscores a need for future studies to tailor interventions that enhance self-efficacy.

Relationship Between Sexual Dysfunction and Quality of Life in Psychiatric Patients Receiving Regular Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a significant issue among psychiatric patients on psychotropic medications. This study aims to compare SD in patients using antipsychotics and antidepressants. To evaluate the prevalence of SD and its effect on the quality of life among psychiatric patients on medications. A cross-sectional study had been conducted with 150 participants (50 with schizophrenia, 50 with affective disorders, and 50 controls). SD was evaluated employing the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (PRSexDQ) and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX). The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) was used to measure the quality of life. Data analysis techniques included Spearman's correlation test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and descriptive statistics. SD prevalence was 42% in affective disorders, 64% in schizophrenia, and 18% in controls. SD significantly correlated with a longer duration of psychotropic use and negatively impacted quality of life. SD is prevalent among psychiatric patients on long-term medication, highlighting the need for strategies to manage these side effects.

PT-IN-MIND: study protocol for a multisite randomised feasibility trial investigating physical therapy with integrated mindfulness (PT-IN-MIND) for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and long-term opioid treatment who attend outpatient physical therapy

IntroductionMany individuals receiving outpatient physical therapy have musculoskeletal pain and up to one-third use prescription opioids. The impact of physical therapist-led mindfulness-based interventions integrated with evidence-based physical therapy (I-EPT) to...

Solusi Al-Qur’an terhadap Fenomena FoMO (Fear of Missing Out)

This research aims to offer a preventive solution to Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) syndrome, which is a syndrome of anxiety caused by the perception that other people have more satisfying experiences than oneself. The fundamental factor triggering the onset of this syndrome is the low level of life satisfaction in a person, which is further exacerbated by the temptation of other people's enjoyment of life on social media. In this case, the researcher examines two verses of the Qur'an, namely Q.S Ibrāhim: 7 and Q.S al-Hājj: 36 to explore and find solutions to the FoMO phenomenon from the Qur'anic perspective. The research method in this article is a literature study that seeks to study and understand theories from various written literature related to the research topic. The results showed that Q.S Ibrāhim : 7 and Q.S al-Hājj : 36 can be an antidote solution to the FoMO phenomenon. These two verses contain the essence of two noble life attitudes, namely gratitude and qana'ah, which are very appropriate to fight the triggering factor of FoMO in the form of low levels of life satisfaction.

Wound-related Pain and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Wounds in a Metropolitan City in Nigeria: An Analytic Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Background: The prevalence of chronic wounds is expected to rise with the increasing elderly population in the society. This rise in prevalence of chronic wounds comes with its consequences such as wound pain and interference with activities of daily living. There’s a paucity of data on the impact of chronic wounds in our clime. Objective: This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of wound-related pain and the impact of wound-related pain on the quality of life of patients with chronic wounds. Materials and Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study of consecutive patients presenting with chronic wounds in plastic surgery clinic in a metropolitan city in Nigeria using the brief pain inventory-short form. Result: About 371 patients were seen, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7:1. The mean age was 37.1 ± 15.5 years. Most chronic wounds (72.2%) occurred in the lower limbs. Nearly all patients (92.9%) experienced wound pain, with a correlation between wound location and pain severity, P = 0.000. Over 50% of the patients had low wound-related quality of life. Enjoyment of life, general activity, and walking were the domains with high interference. Wound pain (P = 0.000) and wound location (P = 0.001) are significant determinants of poor wound-related quality of life. Conclusion: Patients with chronic wounds have a high prevalence of wound-related pain and low wound-related quality of life.

Comparison of gallbladder extraction via the subxiphoid port and the supraumbilical port during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Background: Postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the most frequent postoperative complaint. To date, gallbladder extraction via the subxiphoid port (SXP) versus the supraumbilical port (SUP) is still controversial. Thus, we performed this randomized controlled trial to compare postoperative pain between the SXP and SUP for LC. Method: From June 2021 to June 2023, patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to two groups. The perioperative data of both groups were recorded and compared. Results: A total of 253 patients were enrolled in the analysis. There were 126 in the SXP group and 127 in the SUP group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the duration of gallbladder extraction, whether the incision was extended, the least rate of pain, the average rate of pain, the right-now rate of pain, postoperative pain on the 5th, 7th, and 14th days, postoperative complications and Vancouver Scar scale (VSS). However, the SUP group had a lower the worst rate of pain (4.24±2.45 vs. 4.91±2.45, P=0.031) and 3 days of pain (3.35±1.57 vs. 3.75±1.52, P=0.045) than did the SXP group. The influence of pain on general activity (4.51±2.90 vs. 3.76±2.92, P=0.041), mood (3.62±2.66 vs. 2.92±2.36, P=0.028), walking ability (4.40±3.01 vs. 3.66±2.76, P=0.044), and enjoyment of life (3.19±2.68 vs. 2.32±2.34, P=0.007) in the SXP was more severe than that in the SUP. Conclusion: The extraction of the gallbladder via the SUP is superior to that via the SXP because the early postoperative 24-hour pain and pain on the third day are mild and do not increase the duration of gallbladder extraction or the risk of infection or hernia.

Evaluating an Art Therapy Program in an Outpatient Psychiatric Hospital Setting for Individuals With Mood Disorders

The aim of this program evaluation was to assess the impact of an 8-week art therapy intervention for adults in a hospital-based outpatient mood disorders clinic on depressive symptoms and overall quality of life and to examine how these symptoms may change over time by primary psychiatric diagnosis. Following a convergent mixed-methods approach, data collection included quantitative and qualitative patient feedback regarding program implementation to improve delivery. Pre- and post-treatment results from this evaluation are presented (n = 88), including patient feedback on the program (n = 34). Independent of primary diagnosis, patients experienced improvements in depressive symptoms (p < .001, ηp2 = .33), anxiety symptoms (p < .001, ηp2 = .16), and stress symptoms (p < 0.01, ηp2 = 15), as measured by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21. In addition, patients experienced improvement in scores on the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire—Short Form (p < .001, ηp2 = .37). Findings suggest that structured group art therapy can reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress and can improve quality of life in a Canadian outpatient psychiatric setting. Participants were generally satisfied with the quality of this service delivery and provided constructive qualitative feedback to help improve the service.

Learning From People With Dementia What Works Well for Well-Being: Interviews and Focus Groups.

Previous research has tended to prioritize the condition of dementia when investigating positive lived experiences, while there is no evidence that well-being becomes fundamentally different when living with dementia. The current exploratory qualitative study examined how people living with dementia describe how they realize their well-being, without treating dementia as a central concern, and specifically addressed people who are successful in maintaining their well-being. Semistructured face-to-face interviews (n = 16) and 2 focus groups (n = 13) were conducted with community-dwelling older people living with dementia, aged 65-93 years (68% male). Conversations covered contributors to experienced life satisfaction, and life enjoyment, and were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Two main themes described how people realize well-being. (1) To live a fulfilling life, participants engaged in activities in order to feel useful and relaxed, and they engaged with others, by interacting and sharing with others, and relying on others. (2) To have a positive attitude toward life, participants appreciated the good things in their current life, their lived life, and about their own person, and positively coped with difficulties by accepting them as part of life, not dwelling on the negative, and actively addressing difficulties. The results appear to reflect universal ways of realizing well-being, justifying the use of universal models of well-being for people living with dementia. We can learn from people living with dementia that living a fulfilling life and having a positive attitude toward life are key to realizing their well-being.

Impact of trazodone once-a-day on quality of life and functional recovery in adults with major depressive disorder: A prospective, observational study.

Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an important goal for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), but whether antidepressants improve HRQL in these patients is unclear. Here, we describe the real-world effects of trazodone once-a-day (TzOAD) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatments on HRQL and functioning in adults with MDD. This 8-week prospective, observational, open-label, multicenter study was conducted in adults with moderate or severe MDD for whom TzOAD or SSRI were prescribed as monotherapy. The primary outcome was life enjoyment and satisfaction assessed via the patient-reported Quality-of-Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) from baseline to week 8. Secondary outcomes included change in Q-LES-Q-SF from baseline to weeks 1 and 2; severity of depressive symptoms using the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and sleep disturbance via the PROMIS SF-SD 8b questionnaire at weeks 1, 2, and 8; and overall functioning via the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), hedonic capacity using the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), and cognitive dysfunction using the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (PDQ-5) at baseline and week 8. The study included 208 adults with MDD (mean [SD] age=50.2 [14.3] years; 68.6% female; 98.4% White). Life enjoyment and satisfaction improved from baseline to week 8 for both treatment groups: Q-LES-Q-SF mean (SD) scores were 27.5 (20.4) for the SSRI group and 39.0 (22.1) for the TzOAD group. Depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances also reduced from baseline to week 8: MADRS (SSRI, -15.7 [8.3]; TzOAD, -21.0 [9.8]); PROMIS SF-SD 8b (SSRI, -9.9 [12.6]; TzOAD, -22.0 [12.6]). Mean change scores in Q-LES-Q-SF, MADRS, and PROMIS SF-SD 8b improved as early as week 1 in both groups. Mean scores also improved from baseline to week 8 on SDS (SSRI, -9.2 [7.4]; TzOAD, -14.3 [7.5]), SHAPS (SSRI, -6.6 [4.3]; TzOAD, -8.3 [4.4]), and PDQ-5 (SSRI, -5.8 [4.5]; TzOAD, -7.7 [5.0]). In adults with MDD who received TzOAD or SSRIs, overall and individual HQRL domains improved rapidly and in parallel with improvements in depressive symptoms, with a slightly greater improvement observed in the TzOAD group.

SOREN KIERKEGAARD'S EXISTENTIALISM: A STUDY ON HOW TO ENJOY LIFE DURING THE POST-TRUTH ERA

This study aims to explain the means of deriving enjoyment in life during the post-Truth era by drawing upon the existentialist values of Soren Kierkegaard. A qualitative approach is adopted with a conceptual design, utilizing exploratory, interpretative, and analytical methods. The results showed that individuals were able to derive enjoyment from life during the Post-Truth Era by embracing the following Soren Kierkegaard's existentialism values: Firstly, being oneself; living under the narrative of the heart and mind. Secondly, being moral and adhering to universal rules. Thirdly, living a religious life, having a direct connection with God, and being critical of religion. Previous studies had extensively explored Soren Kierkegaard's existentialism, but none specifically examined its concept as a means of enjoying life.

Cognitive reserve and well-being in migraine patients: a multidimensional approach to migraine assessment in an Italian tertiary headache center

Background: Migraine is a painful neurological condition affecting emotional, cognitive, and daily life functioning. Cognitive reserve (CR) is a protective factor against neurological damage and deterioration, but its proxies have been under-investigated in migraine. The present crosssectional study aims to investigate the relationship between CR and several self-reported health measures in migraine; and how these health measures differ between CR grades. Methods: Data were collected from an Italian tertiary center between 2022 and 2023. One hundred and eighty eligible outpatients aged from 18 to 75 years were administered a protocol consisting of: the Migraine Disability Assessment; Brief Pain Inventory (BPI); Numeric Rating Scale; Short Form-36; Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). In addition, years of illness, frequency and intensity of migraine attacks, and Cognitive Reserve Index as a gradable measure of CR, were also collected. Spearman correlation and ANOVAs were performed, setting p significance at <0.05. Results: A negative correlation between perceived pain intensity, attacks, and socio-behavioral proxies of CR emerged. Higher CR was also associated with fewer headache attacks (rs=-0.176; p=0.019). Lower intensity was found to be specifically related to leisure time (rs=-0.084; p=0.049). ANOVAs highlighted differences across graded CR levels in headache-related indices, including psychological and functional status (BPI-interference: F=4.302; p=0.026; SDS: F=3.887; p=0.033; enjoyment of life: F=3.672; p=0.043), also post-hoc confirmed. Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest a link between CR levels and headache-related measures, emphasizing the importance of life-long coping strategies and healthy habits to decrease pain perception. In particular, individuals with low CR reporting higher levels of pain may benefit from integrated assessment and tailored treatment options to experience. Further studies may delve into the CR threshold hypothesis in the context of headache to identify high-risk categories of patients and foster their symptom management.

Patient-reported symptom interference with activity- and mood-related functioning prior to start of an early-phase oncology combination trial including immune checkpoint blockade.

12084 Background: We examined symptom interference with activity- and mood-related functioning at baseline in early-stage trials of combination treatments that included at least one immune checkpoint inhibitor, and its association with quality of life (QOL)-, clinical-, and trial-related factors. Methods: Patients scheduled to begin an early-phase trial of a combination treatment with immune checkpoint blockade, and who had not received trial-related treatment were recruited into a prospective longitudinal study design (NCI R01CA242565), and completed the following validated patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures prior to trial start: MD Anderson Symptom Inventory- Immunotherapy (score range: 0-10, higher scores = worse symptom interference); NCI’s PRO Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (0-4, higher = worse severity); EuroQoL-5 dimensions assessing health status (0-100, higher = better health) and problems with self-care, and the Sloan Global QOL scale (0-10, higher = better QOL). Statistical tests included Spearman’s correlation rho (r) and multivariable linear regression. Results: 977 baseline PRO measures were completed by 247 patients (median age = 59 y; 46% female). Worst symptom-related interference was with activity (3.0 on a 0-10 scale), work (2.9), and enjoyment of life (2.4). Composite score means were 2.8 for symptom interference with walking, activity, and work (WAW; activity-related functioning), and 2.1 for interference with relationships, enjoyment of life, and mood (REM; mood-related functioning). Symptoms most associated with worse WAW were fatigue (P<0.001) and appetite loss (P=0.001). Worse WAW was linked to worse REM (r=0.78, P<0.001). Diminished sexual interest/mood (DSI) was associated with worse WAW (r=0.35, P<0.001) and REM (r=0.33, P<0.001). Worse WAW was linked to shorter trial duration (P=0.003) and worse response (progression of disease/immune-related progression) on the clinical trial (P=0.05). Conclusions: This first, comprehensive and prospective examination of symptom interference with functioning at trial baseline found that worse symptom interference was linked to worse QOL, poorer clinical outcomes, and shorter trial duration. These findings suggest that baseline patient-reported symptom interference with functioning can serve as a potential biomarker of poor prognosis in investigational trials, and that trial patients may benefit from initiation of supportive care prior to trial start. [Table: see text]

Defining Wellness-Focused Design for Rural Tourism: Study Case of Penanggungan Village

Rural tourism has great potential in enhancing the local welfare in Indonesia regions. It offers natural environment and authentic experience for tourists in improving health and wellbeing. Architectural design can play an important role to promote wellness in rural tourism as a branding strategy. Healthy design guidelines are required to enhance healthy benefits of rural living without neglecting the local culture and identity. Thus, wellness-focused design of tourism village should consider contextual aspects aligned with vernacular design principles. This study investigates how rural tourism can promote wellness through architectural design ideation considering vernacular principles. It aims to formulate wellness-focused design concept of tourism village based on a case study of Penanggungan village, Mojokerto, Indonesia. Literature study was carried out to conceptualize the basic design concepts of healthy rural tourism. Field observations and interviews were also conducted to contextualize the findings from literature study. This study produces design principles for developing healthy tourism village: (1) Healthy Product as a core of agrotourism, (2) Healthy Environment signifying attachment on nature, (3) Healthy Lifestyle reflecting the enjoyment of simple rural life, and (4) Healthy image as an icon representing healthy rural life. The implementation of these design principles is also discussed.

Financial-related discrimination and socioeconomic inequalities in psychological well-being related measures: a longitudinal study

BackgroundThis study examined the prospective association between financial-related discrimination and psychological well-being related measures and assessed the role of financial-related discrimination in explaining socioeconomic inequalities in psychological well-being related measures.MethodsData of UK older adults (≥ 50 years) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used (baseline: Wave 5, 2010/2011; n = 8,988). The baseline total non-pension wealth (in tertiles: poorest, middle, richest) was used as a socioeconomic status (SES) measure. Financial-related discrimination at baseline was defined as participants who reported they had been discriminated against due to their financial status. Five psychological well-being related measures (depressive symptoms, enjoyment of life, eudemonic well-being, life satisfaction and loneliness) were examined prospectively across different follow-up periods (Waves 6, 2012/2013, 2-year follow-up; and 7, 2014/2015, 4-year follow-up). Regression models assessed associations between wealth, financial-related discrimination, and follow-up psychological measures, controlling for sociodemographic covariates and baseline psychological measures (for longitudinal associations). Mediation analysis informed how much (%) the association between wealth and psychological well-being related measures was explained by financial-related discrimination.ResultsParticipants from the poorest, but not middle, (vs. richest) wealth groups were more likely to experience financial-related discrimination (OR = 1.97; 95%CI = 1.49, 2.59). The poorest (vs. richest) wealth was also longitudinally associated with increased depressive symptoms and decreased enjoyment of life, eudemonic well-being and life satisfaction in both 2-year and 4-year follow-ups, and increased loneliness at 4-year follow-up. Experiencing financial-related discrimination was longitudinally associated with greater depressive symptoms and loneliness, and lower enjoyment of life across follow-up periods. Findings from mediation analysis indicated that financial-related discrimination explained 3–8% of the longitudinal associations between wealth (poorest vs. richest) and psychological well-being related measures.ConclusionsFinancial-related discrimination is associated with worse psychological well-being and explains a small proportion of socioeconomic inequalities in psychological well-being.

Future-oriented Codesign Workshops as a Method of Empowering Citizens in Urban Infrastructure Development: A Capabilitarian Analysis

ABSTRACT Urban mobility infrastructures have a major impact on the everyday life of city residents. Not only their mobility, but also their health, enjoyment of life and development of lifestyle preferences are affected by them. However, inclusive participation in infrastructure planning processes is difficult to achieve. We explore a foresight approach that develops desirable urban visions that involve residents in the preparation of decisions that will impact their lives. We propose future-oriented co-design workshops for the operationalisation of a capabilitarian focus on conscientisation, conciliation and collaboration to involve citizens in the visioning of infrastructure planning. The study is based on future-oriented codesign workshops held in Montreal in 2022–2023. Residents were invited to evaluate and discuss various future scenarios that re-imagine a highway currently cutting through the city. The results show the capabilitarian co-design workshops to promote critical thinking, vision creation and to a lesser extent collaboration in the discussions triggered by the future-oriented codesign workshops. The results also reveal the difficulties of making such discussions truly inclusive, as well as their ambivalent relation to urban planning processes.

Resting-state electroencephalography delta and theta bands as compensatory oscillations in chronic neuropathic pain: a secondary data analysis.

Chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) remains a significant clinical challenge, with complex neurophysiological underpinnings that are not fully understood. Identifying specific neural oscillatory patterns related to pain perception and interference can enhance our understanding and management of CNP. To analyze resting electroencephalography data from individuals with chronic neuropathic pain to explore the possible neural signatures associated with pain intensity, pain interference, and specific neuropathic pain characteristics. We conducted a secondary analysis from a cross-sectional study using electroencephalography data from a previous study, and Brief Pain Inventory from 36 patients with chronic neuropathic pain. For statistical analysis, we modeled a linear or logistic regression by dependent variable for each model. As independent variables, we used electroencephalography data with such brain oscillations: as delta, theta, alpha, and beta, as well as the oscillations low alpha, high alpha, low beta, and high beta, for the central, frontal, and parietal regions. All models tested for confounding factors such as age and medication. There were no significant models for Pain interference in general activity, walking, work, relationships, sleep, and enjoyment of life. However, the model for pain intensity during the past four weeks showed decreased alpha oscillations, and increased delta and theta oscillations were associated with decreased levels of pain, especially in the central area. In terms of pain interference in mood, the model showed high oscillatory Alpha signals in the frontal and central regions correlated with mood impairment due to pain. Our models confirm recent findings proposing that lower oscillatory frequencies, likely related to subcortical pain sources, may be associated with brain compensatory mechanisms and thus may be associated with decreased pain levels. On the other hand, higher frequencies, including alpha oscillations, may disrupt top-down compensatory mechanisms.

The Effect of Loss of Taste and Smell on Meal Preparation, Food Enjoyment, and Quality of Life among Patients of COVID-19: A Systematic Review

The Effect of Loss of Taste and Smell on Meal Preparation, Food Enjoyment, and Quality of Life among Patients of COVID-19: A Systematic Review