Enhancement Of Production Research Articles

Prediction Method for Hydraulic Fracturing Effect of Producing Well Based on Machine Learning Methods

Abstract Accurate prediction of producing fracturing oil enhancement is a prerequisite for decision-making on the implementation of production enhancement measures in producing wells. The traditional reservoir numerical simulation method requires accurate reservoir geological parameters and fracturing construction parameters, which makes the calculation process complicated and the on-site application effect unsatisfactory. Therefore, a method for predicting fracturing effect of producing well based on machine learning is proposed. A combination of correlation coefficient analysis and gray correlation analysis was used to determine the main controlling factors affecting fracturing effectiveness; Considering the nonlinear mapping relationship between the fracturing effect and the main control factors, a prediction model was established using a support vector machine. The model is applied with an actual block of an oil field as an example, and the evaluation of potential wells is completed with the analysis of economic benefits of fracturing measures. The results show that the model prediction results meet the accuracy requirements for engineering application, and the screened fracturing potential wells have achieved better oil enhancement results after the implementation of measures. The prediction model of oil enhancement effect established by this method is based on the actual production data of producing wells, with reliable prediction results and simple model solution, which has the value of popularization and application in the same type of blocks.

Optimizing the radiation synthesis and swelling of agar-based acrylate superabsorbent hydrogel for irrigation water conservation

This study reports the synthesis of novel agar/poly methacrylic acid/poly acrylic acid (AG/PMAc/PAc) superabsorbent hydrogels via gamma radiation and their subsequent urea modification to enhance swelling and water retention for agricultural applications. The superabsorbent hydrogels were prepared by irradiating aqueous mixtures of varying agar concentrations with methacrylic acid/acrylic acid (MAc/Ac) monomers, followed by urea treatment at different cycles and concentrations. The morphological characteristics and chemical structures were confirmed by SEM and FTIR, respectively. The maximum swelling occurred at 6 % agar and 1 % urea modification. Remarkably, the 1 % urea-modified hydrogel displayed a 41.1 % swelling increase and 236.4 % enhancement after the second modification cycle compared to unmodified samples. Water retention studies showed the modified hydrogel retained 53.2 % moisture after 14 days versus the complete drying of unmodified hydrogels. Soil application studies demonstrated the modified hydrogel increased moisture content by 177.3 % after 20 days, promoting better growth with 30 % more leaves and 38.9 % higher stem length in Vicia faba plants versus controls. This novel radiation-synthesized, urea-modified hydrogel with exceptional swelling and moisture retention capabilities shows promising potential for sustainable agricultural irrigation and crop productivity enhancement under water-deficit conditions.

The improvement strategy of fresh produce supply chain resilience based on extenics.

Nowadays, the world is in turmoil, climate and environmental problems are prominent, the import and export of fresh agricultural products are restricted, etc. The impact of the growing demand for fresh agricultural products and healthy lifestyle choices, and fresh agricultural products are essential for people's daily life, which are perishable, fragile, seasonal, and other unstable factors. Therefore, when the fresh produce supply chain faces various pressures and difficulties, how to enhance the resilience of the supply chain against various problems and risks with flexible and multi-dimensional strategies and methods has become the focus of extensive attention. This kind of problem is a typical contradictory problem, and previous studies have failed to achieve good results. In this paper, based on extenics, we are able to one-dimensionalise the multi-dimensional contradictory problems and multi-dimensionalise the one-dimensional contradictory problems to solve such problems in a scientific and effective way. Firstly, taking fresh agricultural products supply chain enterprise M as the research object, we constructed the fresh agricultural products supply chain enterprise toughness system and identified the toughness state of each index. Secondly, we found the low-evaluation toughness indexes that need to be solved and constructed a extension model of incompatible problems of enterprise toughness. Thirdly, we analysed the objectives and conditions of toughness incompatible problems of fresh agricultural products supply chain enterprises numerically and quantitatively, and then, with the objective of toughness improvement, we analyzed the correlation of the condition basic-elements of incompatible problems and carried out extension transformations. Again, the objectives and conditions of the incompatible problems of fresh produce supply chain enterprises are analysed numerically and quantitatively, and with toughness enhancement as the objective, the correlation analysis and extension transformation of the condition basic-elements of the incompatible problems are implemented to generate the set of toughness enhancement strategies that can solve the incompatible problems in a multidimensional and scientific way. Finally, the optimal toughness enhancement strategies are selected through the superiority evaluation and composed into a new strategy to enhance the toughness of the fresh produce supply chain. Combined with extenics calculations and screening, a new strategy for supply chain resilience enhancement of fresh agricultural products was finally formed. The existing problems are solved from six aspects: product supply type, product demand, product supply efficiency, human resource quantity, production and processing equipment, and logistics guarantee ability. It provides a certain reference significance for the fresh agricultural products supply chain toughness enhancement, and helps enterprises to strengthen their competitiveness and sustainability through the enhancement of toughness.

Enhancement of Succinic Acid Production by Actinobacillus succinogenes in an Electro-Bioreactor

This work examines the electrochemically enhanced production of succinic acid using the bacterium Actinobacillus succinogenes. The principal objective is to enhance the metabolic potential of glucose and CO2 utilization via the C4 pathway in order to synthesize succinic acid. We report on the development of an electro-bioreactor system to increase succinic acid production in a power-2-X approach. The use of activated carbon fibers as electrode surfaces and contact areas allows A. succinogenes to self-initiate biofilm formation. The integration of an electrical potential into the system shifts the redox balance from NAD+ to NADH, increasing the efficiency of metabolic processes. Mediators such as neutral red facilitate electron transfer within the system and optimize the redox reactions that are crucial for increased succinic acid production. Furthermore, the role of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in electron transfer was investigated. The electro-bioreactor system developed here was operated in batch mode for 48 h and showed improvements in succinic acid yield and concentration. In particular, a run with 100 µM neutral red and a voltage of −600 mV achieved a yield of 0.7 gsuccinate·gglucose−1. In the absence of neutral red, a higher yield of 0.72 gsuccinate·gglucose−1 was achieved, which represents an increase of 14% compared to the control. When a potential of −600 mV was used in conjunction with 500 µg∙L−1 CNTs, a 21% increase in succinate concentration was observed after 48 h. An increase of 33% was achieved in the same batch by increasing the stirring speed. These results underscore the potential of the electro-bioreactor system to markedly enhance succinic acid production.

EFFORTS TO INCREASE THE MARKET FOR PULI CRACKER PRODUCTS THROUGH REBRANDING AND HALAL CERTIFICATION

General Background: Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are vital to economic development, yet many face challenges in expanding their market reach. Specific Background: The Puli Cracker MSME, owned by Mrs. Makilah, exemplifies this challenge, as it primarily relies on local orders without strategies for broader market expansion. Knowledge Gap: A lack of business development skills, particularly in product packaging, branding, and certification, hinders the potential growth of many small businesses like Mrs. Makilah's. Aims: This community service project aims to assist the Puli Cracker MSME in creating packaging stickers, improving product packaging, and obtaining halal certification to enable market expansion beyond the local community. Results: Through interviews and observations, the project identified key areas for improvement, including product labeling, packaging redesign, and halal certification registration. The implementation stages included creating packaging stickers, repackaging the crackers, and fulfilling halal certification requirements, all of which positively impacted the business. Novelty: The project introduced a structured, step-by-step approach to MSME development, combining product enhancement with halal certification, which is often overlooked in small-scale enterprises. Implications: The improvements in packaging and branding, along with the halal certification, are expected to significantly enhance the marketability and credibility of Mrs. Makilah’s Puli Cracker, allowing it to reach a wider market. These interventions provide a replicable model for other MSMEs aiming to grow sustainably and expand their market share.

Enhancement of ROS Production by Catechin Is a Primary Effect of Increased Azole Efficacy in Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata) Cells Lacking the ERG6 Gene.

Fungal infections have become an important public health problem. Currently, there are only three available classes of antifungals for the treatment of invasive infections. Two of them, azoles and polyenes, target the synthesis of ergosterol or bind to sterols. A promising strategy to improve current therapies is the use of natural compounds in combinational therapies with the existing antifungals. In this work, we analyzed the changes in the susceptibility of the mutant strain of Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata) lacking the ERG6 gene (encoding the sterol C-24 methyltransferase in ergosterol biosynthesis) in the presence of catechin and antifungal azoles. The reduced content of ergosterol in the Cgerg6Δ mutant resulted in the increased tolerance of the mutant cells to both azoles and polyenes. The combination of catechin with fluconazole or miconazole led to the growth inhibition of the azole-resistant Cgerg6Δ mutant strain. In the presence of catechin and miconazole, the Cgerg6Δ mutant fails to properly activate the expression of genes encoding the transcription factors CgYap1p and CgMsn4p, as well as the gene expression of CgCTA1, which are involved in oxidative stress response and lead to the intracellular accumulation of ROS. Finally, we show that catechin administration reduces mortality in a Galleria mellonella model infected with C. glabrata. Our work thus supports the use of catechin in combination therapies for fungal infections and shows that the CgERG6 gene could be a potential new drug target.

Utilizing a high-throughput visualization screening technology to develop a genetically encoded biosensor for monitoring 5-aminolevulinic acid production in engineered Escherichia coli

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a non-protein amino acid widely used in agriculture, animal husbandry and medicine. Currently, microbial cell factories are a promising production pathway, but the lack of high-throughput fermentation strain screening tools often hinders the exploration of engineering strategies to increase cell factory yields. Here, mutant AC103-3H was screened from libraries of saturating mutants after response-specific engineering of the transcription factor AsnC of L-asparagine (Asn). Based on mutant AC103-3H, a whole-cell biosensor EAC103-3H with a specific response to 5-ALA was constructed, which has a linear dynamic detection range of 1–12 mM and a detection limit of 0.094 mM, and can be used for in situ screening of potential high-producing 5-ALA strains. With its support, overexpression of the C5 pathway genes using promoter engineering assistance resulted in a 4.78-fold enhancement of 5-ALA production in the engineered E. coli. This study provides an efficient strain screening tool for exploring approaches to improve the 5-ALA productivity of engineered strains.

Enhancement of biogas production by means of ultrasonic pre-treatment: state of art and review

Currently, fossil fuels are being used in an aberrant manner and greenhouse gases are negatively impacting the environment, causing research into renewable energy sources to be pioneered. As highlighted during the COP conferences, the international community is striving to expedite worldwide climate action by reducing emissions, intensifying adaptation initiatives, and increasing the availability of suitable financial resources. Production of biogas is a way to help overcome these challenges by reducing wastage and preventing environmental damage. The anaerobic digestion technique faces some barriers like elongated reaction times, cost of heating or low biogas yields. Several techniques have been used to enhance the biogas yield. Among these techniques the use of ultrasound technology as a pretreatment in biogas production revolutionized the process with its widespread application, providing an environmentally friendly and low-cost alternative. This paper reviews several research studies on ultrasonic pretreatment of several substrates categorized according to different sources, for biogas production and puts an effort to compare and advise various operation parameters.

Indonesian governance: Reflections and how to reduce disparity between regencies/cities in Indonesia

Nawacita work program of Indonesian Governance aims to actualize a golden Indonesia by 2045 by accelerating development and human resources. However, the Indonesian people face several difficult problems of their own. Several strategic policies have been put into place in Indonesia to promote fair development and lessen regional differences. These policies include macroeconomic management, economic deregulation, the development of new resources economically, the maritime economy, and productivity enhancement. The Nawacita program’s reflection in addressing regional imbalances in Indonesian regencies and cities is covered in this report. This study employs quantitative and bibliographic techniques along with political economic analysis methodologies to investigate in-depth and information. The study’s findings indicate that although differences between Indonesia’s districts and cities are gradually narrowing, the country’s GDP per capita is still below the global average. Most of the strategic measures put in place by the Indonesian Governance have not resulted in the anticipated expansion of the economy. Nonetheless, in current period of government, connectivity in enhancing productivity across regions through Indonesia centric development is a primary objective to ease accessibility between areas, which has frequently been disregarded. particularly in the Papua region, which has not exactly developed and been left behind. According to the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis’s findings, increasing productivity is a task that needs to be finished right now to lessen regional differences in Indonesia.

Enhancement of biomass production and some biochemical compound of Dunaliella salina cultivated in dairy wastewater by plant growth regulators

Enhancement of biomass production and some biochemical compound of Dunaliella salina cultivated in dairy wastewater by plant growth regulators

Cobalt stress enhanced dendrobine-type total alkaloids biosynthesis of Trichoderma longibrachiatum UN32 through reactive oxygen species formation.

Trichoderma longibrachiatum UN32 is a well-documented mutant strain known to produce dendrobine-type total alkaloids (DTTAs). It was serendipitously observed that the addition of Co2+ to the medium resulted in a notable enhancement in DTTAs production in the T. longibrachiatum UN32 strain, accompanied by an upregulating effect on the expression of antioxidase-related genes. Hence, the objective of the present work was to ascertain whether ROS (intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide) induced by Co2+ treatment has a beneficial or detrimental impact on DTTAs biosynthesis. A comparison of the intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and DTTAs treated with CoCl2 and CH3COOH revealed that CoCl2 was the optimal inducer for investigating the relationship between ROS formation and DTTAs production. This was due to the observation that ROS formation was reduced by approximately 4% and DTTAs production was increased by 12.55% in comparison to the CH3COOH treatment. The physiological results revealed that the introduction of Co2+ resulted in the oxidative damage and activation of the expression of intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). Furthermore, it was confirmed that ROS induced by Co2+ was beneficial to DTTAs production by adding exogenous ROS scavengers. The inclusion of all ROS scavengers, including vitamin C, tocopherol, melatonin, mannitol, and sesamol, resulted in a reduction in ROS accumulation and a concomitant decrease in DTTAs production. Specifically, the addition of melatonin at a concentration of 0.4mg/L demonstrated significant effects, resulting in a 32.53% (P < 0.01) decrease in ROS accumulation and a 45.22% (P < 0.01) reduction in DTTAs production. Subsequently, the timelines of accumulation of intracellular H2O2 and DTTAs content indicated that ROS are also crucial for normal fermentation without CoCl2 addition. Specifically, the proper H2O2 dose for DTTAs accumulation is between 8.82 and 18.86μmol/g. The present study offers the initial experimental evidence indicating that CoCl2 enhance DTTAs production during the culture of T. longibrachiatum UN32 via leading an increase in intracellular ROS, which is conductive to DTTAs production and can be inhibited by the ROS scavengers. Our results provide insights into the mechanistic study of DTTAs biosynthesis.

A high magnetic energy product obtained in hot-deformed Nd-Fe-B magnet by chemical plating Fe-Co bilayer films

This study investigates a novel method, chemical plating, with the goal of integrating nano-sized ferromagnetic materials into hot-deformed Nd-Fe-B magnets, potentially enhancing their magnetic properties. Coating Fe-Co double layers on Nd-Fe-B magnetic powder resulted in a significant improvement in the remanence over 10 %, increasing from 1.37 to 1.45 T, as well as an increase in the maximum magnetic energy product from 45.95 to 52.02 MGOe in hot-deformed Nd-Fe-B magnets. Microstructure observations revealed that the coarse non-oriented grains at the interface of powder ribbons were suppressed and the texture of grain alignment in the interior of powder ribbons was enhanced after the coating of Fe-Co. Additionally, there was a noticeable increase in the concentrations of ferromagnetic elements in intergranular phases. The reduced coarse grain regions, the enhanced grain alignment and the increased ferromagnetic intergranular phases are considered to be the main reasons for the enhancement of remanence and maximum magnetic energy product in hot-deformed magnets.

Synchronized Falling-Film Devolatilization and Viscosity Enhancement for Continuous Production of High-Strength PA 6 Industrial Yarn

Synchronized Falling-Film Devolatilization and Viscosity Enhancement for Continuous Production of High-Strength PA 6 Industrial Yarn

Study on the evaluation of shale reservoir brittleness based on mineral disorder

Brittleness serves as a critical indicator for assessing whether reservoirs can form complex fracture networks. While methods based on brittle mineral content or rock mechanical parameters are widely used, their lack of integration between mineralogy and mechanics introduces limitations. A single evaluation parameter cannot accurately assess shale brittleness. There is a need for a universally applicable method that comprehensively considers mineral composition, mechanical properties, and brittleness variations in shale evaluation. This study uses Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin as an example, establishing a mineral disorder index based on shale mineral composition and mechanical characteristics, incorporating the influence of confining pressure to establish a shale brittleness index. Results indicate varying weights of brittleness contributions from different minerals, ranked in descending order: pyrite, quartz, calcite, dolomite, feldspar, and clay. Greater complexity in mineral combinations correlates with lower shale brittleness indices. Typically, single mineral disorder indices show a positive correlation with internal mineral disorder indices. Confining pressure exhibits an inversely proportional relationship with shale brittleness indices, with brittleness at 30, 50, and 70 MPa confining pressures being 0.737, 0.586, and 0.451 times those without confining pressure, respectively. This method guides current brittleness research and reservoir production enhancement.

Enhancement of fluorescence and singlet oxygen production of berberine on clay Nanosheets by surface-fixation Induced emission (S-FIE)

In this study, photochemical properties including singlet oxygen production of a natural alkaloid-type dye berberine were investigated in water and on the clay. Berberine adsorbed on the clay showed an increase in the fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime. In particular, the fluorescence enhanced about 1000 times, which is the highest in luminescence enhancement achieved by clay. The effect of clay on the energy level such as the charge separation state was thought to be one of the factors responsible for fluorescence enhancement. Furthermore, it was found that the clay improved the singlet oxygen production quantum yield of berberine to 0.022, while berberine did not generate singlet oxygen in water. So far, the effects of complexing dye molecules with clay were mainly focused on the photo-physicochemical processes such as the absorption wavelength, fluorescence quantum yield, and excited lifetime of dye molecules, but this research revealed that complexing with clay can improve the efficiency of the photochemical reaction such as singlet oxygen generation.

Mitigating the negative effects of droughts on alpine grassland productivity in the northern Xizang Plateau via degradation-combating actions

The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, hosting the world’s largest alpine pastures, plays a pivotal environmental role in Asia. These ecosystems face alterations driven by both climate change and anthropogenic activities, resulting in the widespread consideration of grassland degradation. From 2000 to 2020, the northern Xizang Plateau experienced a pronounced escalation in drought conditions, particularly following a management policy aimed at combating grassland degradation, via restricting livestock numbers and implementing fencing enclosures, initiated in 2009. Specially, following the enforcement of this policy (2010–2020), there was a substantial 13.5 % reduction in soil moisture levels compared to the pre-implementation period (2000–2009), accompanied by a 42.8 % increase in drought severity (measured by the Palmer Drought Severity Index, PDSI) and an 11.6 % rise in drought duration. Under these challenging drought conditions, we identified negative trends of potential grassland Net Primary Productivity (NPP) which in absence of anthropogenic influence, as simulated by terrestrial ecosystem model (TEM). Contrary to this simulation, satellite time series observations revealed a widespread increase in actual grassland productivity. Remarkably, despite the challenging drought conditions between 2010 and 2020, we observed a substantial increase of 4.8 % in actual NPP (measured by light use efficiency model), 2.7 % in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), 10 % in solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), and 7.95 % in Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), respectively. Much of this enhancement in grassland productivity occurred in areas where livestock populations had markedly declined. Notably, the percentage of NPP increase mainly caused by degradation-combating actions doubled from 24.8 % during 2000–2009 to 49.8 % during 2010–2020 across the northern Xizang Plateau. In conclusion, our findings highlight the potential of large-scale degradation-combating actions to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change and contribute to a greener Earth.

A dataset of the daily edge of each polynya in the Antarctic

Polynyas play a critical role in the formation of Antarctic Bottom Water and the enhancement of polar primary productivity. Accurate and exhaustive identification of Antarctic polynyas is fundamental to advancing in-depth research. However, due to methodological limitations, previous studies paid more attention to frequent polynyas and infrequent polynyas have not been investigated much despite that they could be vulnerable to climate change. Inspired by a cyclone tracking algorithm, we develop a novel method to overcome challenges identifying all types of polynyas satisfying spatiotemporal criteria and tracing their daily evolution, extracting from an extensive amount of sea ice concentration data. Based on it, we establish a dataset called “Daily Edge of Each Polynya in Antarctica” (DEEP-AA). Validation against remote sensing and ship-based observations confirms DEEP-AA’s reliability. Compared to existing maps, the DEEP-AA identifies a threefold number of polynyas and reveals the seasonal area recovery of infrequent polynyas is earlier than frequent ones.

Enhancement of xylooligosaccharides production as a novel antioxidant source through autoclave-assisted oxalic acid pretreatment of sugarcane trash

Enhancement of xylooligosaccharides production as a novel antioxidant source through autoclave-assisted oxalic acid pretreatment of sugarcane trash

Application of Lean Startup Principles in the Improvement of Digital Platforms: a Case Study in a Solar Energy Company

Objective: The objective of this study is to improve a solar energy company's website by utilizing the principles of the Lean Startup methodology to meet customer expectations. Theoretical Framework: This study is based on the concepts of digital entrepreneurship and the Lean Startup methodology, emphasizing the importance of adapting to the digital environment and applying agile methodologies for technological innovation. Method: The research adopted a case study with a qualitative and descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with customers and potential customers, as well as prototyping to validate the hypotheses raised. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that the main improvement needs include adding information about the company, adjusting visual elements, and incorporating interactive tools. The application of Lean Startup principles allowed for rapid iterations on the improvements, resulting in an increased perception of the website's credibility and usability by users. Research Implications: This research provides practical insights into the implementation of agile methodologies for the enhancement of digital products, highlighting the importance of continuous validation with users to achieve satisfactory results. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the applicability of the Lean Startup methodology in a real context of digital product improvement, offering a replicable model for other companies seeking continuous innovation and customer satisfaction.

Export Persistence and Productivity in Vietnam: Who Learns?

The purpose of this study is to investigate the causal relationship between firms' export activities and their productivity, with a specific focus on identifying the source of productivity improvement by examining the persistence of export operations. Leveraging firm-level panel data from 2010 to 2015 in Vietnam, we employed a combination of Propensity Score Matching and Staggered Difference-in-Differences. Our findings indicate that the phenomenon of learning by exporting is evident across both consistent and intermittent exporters. For manufacturing enterprises, our analysis reveals no substantial variance in the learning by exporting effect between the steady and sporadic exporters. In contrast, within the service sector, we discern that intermittent exporters experience a more pronounced enhancement in labor productivity compared to their consistent exporting counterparts. Upon delving deeper into industry analysis, it becomes evident that the manufacturing and wholesale/retail trade sectors are the ones benefiting most from export activities. An interesting observation is that, within the manufacturing sector, we only find a positive impact on labor productivity with continuously exporting firms. This disparity implies that the mechanisms through which the learning-by-exporting effect operates may diverge between the manufacturing and service sectors. Furthermore, our empirical evidence reveals a direct positive correlation between export status and firm performance within privately owned enterprises. However, such a relationship was not evident for state-owned enterprises. To capitalize on the potential of export-driven growth, policymakers should adopt a nuanced approach, tailored to the unique dynamics of different industries and ownership structures. This underscores the importance of sector-specific support mechanisms, capacity-building initiatives for state-owned enterprises, and targeted export literacy programs for enterprises in fostering a conducive environment for sustainable economic growth in the Vietnamese context.