English Summary Research Articles

A Protocol for a Rapid Realist Review of Literature Examining Co-Production in Youth Mental Health Services

An overview of internationally published literature on what works for co-production in youth mental health services is missing, despite a practice and policy context strongly recommending this approach. The proposed rapid realist review aims to develop a theory about how and why co-production methods in youth mental health services work (or do not work), for whom, in which contexts, and through what mechanisms. Relevant evidence will be synthesised to develop context–mechanism–outcome (CMO) configurations that can inform policy and practice. Stakeholders will be iteratively involved in the development of these theories (CMO configurations) by engaging an expert panel and youth advisory group. The review results will be reported according to the RAMESES guidelines and are intended to be published in an academic journal. Additionally, a plain English summary will be produced with the support of the youth advisory group.

Alternatives to English only in scholarly publishing: Emerging trends of language policies among non‐Anglophone journals?

Key points Publish in English or perish is becoming a reality in many non‐Anglophone countries. Non‐Anglophone journals are facing a dilemma: losing appeal to authors/reviewers if published in local languages or losing linguistic/cultural identity if published in English. This article analyses language policies those journals may use and positions them on a capital‐identity matrix to highlight their advantages and disadvantages. The article elaborates on two emerging language policies (bilingual publishing and extended English summary), both helping preserve their identity and take advantage of the capital of the English language. The article provides insights into the pros and cons of different language policies and how to select policies that best support journal survival and development.

Fatwās on Jihād from Premodern Morocco

This article provides an Arabic critical edition of one section of an important but unpublished source for the history of late fifteenth-century Morocco: al-Jawāhir al-mukhtāra fī-mā waqaftu ʿalayhi min al-nawāzil bi-Jibāl Ghumāra (Selected jewels: Legal cases I encountered in the Ghumāra Mountains) by the Mālikī jurist ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. al-Ḥasan al-Zayyātī (d. 1055/1645). Although this multivolume collection of legal opinions (fatwās) was compiled in the mid-seventeenth century, it includes numerous fatwās from the fifteenth century onward that do not appear in earlier works, including Aḥmad al-Wansharīsī’s (d. 914/1508) famous collection of fatwās, al-Miʿyār al-muʿrib. This excerpt from the chapter on jihād sheds substantial light on Maghribī legal responses to the Portuguese occupation of Moroccan ports beginning in the fifteenth century. An introduction to the Arabic edition explains the importance of this period and offers an English summary of the Arabic text.

Creating new pathways for sharing knowledge to support restoration initiatives

In response to pressing global threats, nations worldwide have committed to restore vast areas of degraded land. But many nations, particularly in the Global South, are experiencing challenges in planning and managing these programs. Access to knowledge from the scientific literature is limited by barriers such as paywalls and language issues for non‐English speakers. Limited accessibility to the scientific literature can impair the ability of restoration managers and practitioners to apply scientific knowledge on the ground, jeopardizing local and global restoration efforts. We present the case of an education and training project Restaura Consciencia, which is a website featuring multilingual summaries of published scientific articles on restoration, conservation, and related disciplines. This not‐for‐profit academic project promotes the application of research findings and increases the visibility of the authors of articles, including often marginalized authors who publish in their native languages but want to share summaries in English and other languages. Restaura Consciencia promotes collective academic collaborations to support restoration initiatives.

Feasibility of comparing medical management and surgery (with neurosurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery) with medical management alone in people with symptomatic brain cavernoma – protocol for the Cavernomas: A Randomised Effectiveness (CARE) pilot trial

IntroductionThe top research priority for cavernoma, identified by a James Lind Alliance Priority setting partnership was ‘Does treatment (with neurosurgery or stereotactic radiosurgery) or no treatment improve outcome for people...

Dissemination of knowledge from Cochrane Public Health reviews: a bibliographic study

BackgroundAppropriate dissemination of public health evidence is of high importance to ensure that scientific knowledge reaches potential stakeholders and relevant population groups. A wide distrust towards science and its findings indicates that communication thereof remains below its potential. Cochrane Public Health provides an important source of high-quality scientific evidence in the field of public health via reviews with systematic methodology. The aims of this study were to identify (1) dissemination strategies and (2) stakeholders of Cochrane Public Health reviews.MethodsThis is a bibliographic study with a cross-sectional design. All 68 records (reviews or review protocols) listed on the Cochrane Public Health website (https://ph.cochrane.org/cph-reviews-and-topics) up to 8 March 2022 were included. Record characteristics, dissemination strategies, and potential stakeholder details were coded by one author, and 10% of records were checked by another author. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics or narratively into common themes.ResultsThe 68 records were published between 2010 and 2022 and included 15 review protocols and 53 reviews with systematic methodology (46 systematic, 6 rapid, and 1 scoping review). All 53 reviews were disseminated via open-access plain language summaries (PLS) in English with translations into 3–13 other languages. Other dissemination strategies included information on Cochrane websites (e.g., clinical answers or guidelines) available for 41/53 reviews and Cochrane news or blogs that mentioned 19/53 reviews. Overall, 23/68 records mentioned the actual stakeholder involvement in review production, protocol development, or formulation of dissemination plans. The potential stakeholders included several highly diverse groups, such as the general population or specific communities (e.g., racial minority groups), policy and decision makers, and researchers and professionals in various fields (e.g., nutrition, physical activity, education, or care).ConclusionsThis study shows that Cochrane Public Health reviews are disseminated predominantly via PLS in different languages and via review information on Cochrane websites. Planned dissemination strategies were rarely reported although actual stakeholders were involved in the planning and production of some reviews. The relevance of Cochrane Public Health reviews for non-academic stakeholders and the general population highlights the need for the dissemination of evidence from such reviews beyond academia.Systematic review registrationThe study was prospectively registered at the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/ga9pt/).

Spatial Patterns and Drivers of SME Digitalisation

Digital transformation plays an increasingly important role in the growth and competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), yet little is known regarding spatial inequalities in their adoption of advanced digital technologies. Using recent data from the Flash Eurobarometer 486, we study the spatial patterns of drivers for the implementation of new digital technologies in SMEs in Europe. In our analysis, the focus is on the possible influence of location. Considerable heterogeneity of SMEs is found in their propensity to adopt advanced digital technologies related to the strength of the local business environment and to the urban/rural hierarchy.Plain English Summary: European SMEs and DigitalisationThe adoption of digital technologies favours the competitiveness, resilience, and internationalisation of firms, but SMEs, which form the backbone of the EU economy, are lagging behind. A recent survey reveals that location greatly influences the probability that European SMEs adopt digital technology. Rural and small-town SMEs are less likely to be adopters, even when country, sector, and firm-specific characteristics are taken into account. However, good business environments always encourage the adoption of digitalisation technologies, whatever the geographic location of an SME. Innovators tend to be adopters, especially when they employ green innovation or management innovation. Larger SMEs, companies that are part of a business group, grow more rapidly, and/or export, are all more likely to adopt digital technologies. Policy-makers need to contemplate the urban/rural-divide and promote strong business environments in all types of locations. Public encouragement towards innovation is likely to indirectly promote easier access to digital technologies.

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