English-speaking Participants Research Articles

Construct Validity of the Pictogram Test for Diagnosis of Schizophrenia.

Objectives: To examine construct validity of the Pictogram Test (PT) which assesses disturbances in thinking in individuals with schizophrenia. The PT was developed in Russia; it was found to be applicable for the English-speaking population of the USA. The variables of the PT were correlated with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2).Method: Russian-and English-speaking participants completed the PT and MMPI-2 in their native languages.Results: The PT variables that reflected attribute selection choice of intermediate concepts for memorization and the variables that were geometrical shapes had significant correlations with MMPI-2 scales linked to schizophrenia. This represents evidence of convergent validity. The same PT indices did not significantly correlate with most of the MMPI-2 scales that are not elevated in schizophrenia, representing some discriminant validity of the PT.Conclusions: The less often the participants were able to connect target words with economical intermediate concepts, the higher were the elevations of schizophrenia-related scales. Also, the more abstract and remote their intermediate concepts, the less often they recalled targets. These findings give evidence of the validity of the PT in assessing the thinking of individuals with schizophrenia and related conditions.

The role of lag effect in distributed practice on learning novel vocabulary

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to investigate the lag effects in two different versions of distributed practice on learning novel language vocabulary. Method Forty-four healthy monolingual English-speaking participants were randomly assigned to two versions of distributed practice. The two versions of distributed practice were created by altering the temporal lag between the practice sessions. Participants in both groups completed a similar practice regimen wherein they practiced 30 French occupations five times each for a total of 150 times. The pre/post-design employed in this experiment involved participants completing baseline, immediate, and delayed retention tests. The outcome measures included a comprehensive multiple-choice test and a written expression task. Results The findings from the comprehensive and expressive tasks indicated that the learning performance of participants across both groups was better during the immediate retention test compared to the delayed retention test. With regard to the group, participants assigned to the condensed version of distributed practice demonstrated superior learning of the novel vocabulary over participants assigned to the extended version of distributed practice. Conclusion The findings indicate that an increased temporal lag between the practice sessions results in a “non-monotonic function,” wherein the learning continues to improve until an optimal lag, after which the learning declines as the lag continues to increase. This line of research will have a substantive impact on service-delivery models in speech-language pathology.

Intervención de la tartamudez en niños: una revisión integrativa de la literatura

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe intervention methodologies implemented in recent years in stuttering children. Methods: a search was performed for empirical articles on interventions in stuttering children aged 2.5 to 7 years. The search was carried out in Embase, WOS, Pubmed, and Scopus, considering articles published between January 2014 and June 2020. Literature Review: 11 articles were selected out of the 1,099 retrieved. Different approaches were observed, of which the Lidcombe program showed the most evidence. Most studies were conducted on English-speaking children and participants were assessed regarding linguistic and non-linguistic aspects. All studies considered parental involvement in the intervention. No investigation took measurements for more than 24 months. Individual interventions predominated. Conclusion: good therapeutic results were found in all reviewed interventions. Research comparing two types of treatments did not find one to be superior to the other.

Gender bias in morphological inferences

AbstractThe present study explores how language learners apply gender stereotypes in learning a novel language with grammatical gender. Adult, English-speaking participants were exposed to picture–sound pairs from a miniature language. Each picture was of a matched gendered professional (e.g., male tennis player, female tennis player) with a nonsense form [CVCV-go/gu]. Participants were exposed to 32 picture–sound pairs (16 male, and 16 female, all matched) five times in a randomized order. Following training, participants were given a two-alternative forced-choice test with novel picture–word pairs. Participants were presented with a novel picture paired with two words (e.g., [befegu vs. befebo]) and were asked to choose which word most likely portrayed the meaning conveyed by the picture. These novel items contained gender-matched professions (e.g., male and female chemist), neutral items (office supplies), stereotypically female items (makeup), and stereotypically male items (tools). Participants assigned the appropriate gender to the novel professions, and assigned gender in line with the stereotyped objects at a rate significantly greater than chance (but not for neutral items). These results support the hypothesis that learning a language with a binary grammatical gender might be influenced by gender stereotypes.

Using Focus Groups to Understand Dialysis Staff Perspectives on Delivering Transplant Education.

Kidney transplant education in dialysis facilities could be optimized with internet resources, like videos, but most qualitative research predates widespread availability of online video education about kidney transplantation. To improve understanding of dialysis staff transplant education practices, as well as the potential value of video, we conducted focus groups of dialysis center staff members in Buffalo, NY. Seventeen focus groups (97 participants: 53 nurses, 10 dialysis technicians, 6 social workers, 6 dieticians, 7 administrative personnel, 2 trainees, and 1 insurance coordinator) from 8 dialysis facilities in Buffalo, NY, were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. After thematic data analysis, a diverse patient and caregiver community advisory board was invited to comment, and their voices were integrated. Findings: Five key themes were identified that captured barriers to transplant education delivery and how online video could be a facilitator: (1) delivery of transplant education was reliant on one person, (2) other dialysis staff had time to answer transplant questions but felt uninformed, (3) patient lack of interest in existing supplementary transplant education, (4) patient disinterest in transplantation education was due to education timing, feeling overwhelmed, and transplant fear/ambivalence, and (5) video education could be flexible, low effort, and spark transplant interest. Study limitations are potential selection bias and inclusion of English-speaking participants only. Dialysis staff barriers of time, insufficient knowledge, and limited resources to provide education to patients and their care partners may be mitigated with online educational videos without increasing staff workload.

Pandemic fatigue and attenuated impact of avoidance behaviours against COVID-19 transmission in Hong Kong by cross-sectional telephone surveys

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the attenuated impact of reported avoidance behaviours adherence on the transmission of COVID-19 through cross-sectional surveys in Hong Kong, in order to make up for...

Smartphone ownership and usage in Chinese- and English-speaking older adults.

Data collection by smartphone is becoming more widespread in healthcare research. Previous studies reported racial/ethnical differences in the use of digital health technology. However, cross-language group comparison (Chinese- and English-speaking older adults) were not performed in these studies. This project will expand to smartphone technology use in diverse older populations with a focus on Chinese American older adults who are monolingual Chinese-speakers. The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS) evaluates diverse older populations using National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center's Uniform Data Set (NACC UDS). The UDS has different language versions, including English and Chinese. The evaluation includes a medical examination, cognitive assessments, and a research blood draw. Smartphone ownership and usage were captured using a local questionnaire developed by our ADRC. The questionnaire, available in English and Chinese, was administered by our ADRC coordinators during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to examine differences in technology ownership and usages between the two language groups, while controlling for age, gender, education, and cognitive status (measured by Clinical Dementia Rating). 33 Chinese- and 117 English-speaking older adults who received a diagnosis of normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment at consensus were included in the data analysis. Results reveal a high prevalence of smartphone ownership in our Chinese- (100%) and English-speaking older participants (86.3%). Participants in both language groups use mobile technology for a wide range of purposes, such as getting news and other information (Chinese=90.9%; English=87.2%), sending/receiving text (Chinese=97.0%; English=96.6%), watching videos/TV shows (Chinese=78.8%; English=69.2%), and taking classes (Chinese=57.5%; English=57.3%). However, Chinese-speaking older adults were less likely than English-speaking older adults to use mobile technology to post their own reviews or comments online (Chinese=9.1%; English=39.3%, p=0.001), download or purchase an app (Chinese=21.2%; English=70.9%, p<0.001), track health/ fitness via apps/website (Chinese=12.1%; English=47.9%, p<0.001) and manage/receive medical care (Chinese=15.2%; English=67.5%, p<0.001). Our findings highlight potential barriers to smartphone usage in Chinese American older adults with limited English proficiency. The results have implications for how smartphone technology can be used in clinical practice and aging research.

Dress to Impress: Public Perception of Plastic Surgeon Attire.

Physician attire has been shown to impact patients' perceptions of their provider with regards to professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness in various surgical subspecialties, except in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The authors sought to address this knowledge gap and obtain objective information regarding patients' preferences. A survey was distributed to adult, English-speaking participants in the United States using the Amazon MTurk platform from February 2020 to December 2020. Participants were asked to evaluate with a 5-point Likert scale 6 attires (scrubs, scrubs with white coat, formal attire, formal attire with white coat, casual, casual with white coat) in terms of professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness for male and female plastic surgeons during their first encounter in clinic. A total of 316 responses were obtained from 43.4% men and 56.6% women. The mean age of participants was 53.2 years. The highest scores across all metrics of professionalism, competency, trustworthiness, willingness to share information, confidence in the provider, and confidence in surgical outcomes were given to the formal attire with white coat group, with average scores of 4.85, 4.71, 4.69, 4.73, 4.79, and 4.72, respectively. The lowest scores across all metrics belonged to the casual attire group with scores of 3.36, 3.29, 3.31, 3.39, 3.29, and 3.20, respectively. Patients preferred formal attire for young plastic surgeons (P = 0.039). This study suggests that physician attire impacts patients' perception of plastic surgeons regarding their professionalism, competency, and trustworthiness. White coats continue to remain a powerful entity in clinical settings given that attires with white coats were consistently ranked higher.

Are Female Paraphilias Hiding in Plain Sight? Risqu\xe9 Male\u2013Male Erotica for Women in Sinophone and Anglophone Regions

Female-oriented male–male erotica is a genre of popular culture often know as Boys’ Love (BL), yaoi, and danmei. It is one of the largest by-and-for women sexual subcultures and a global phenomenon. With the largest data sets in the field, we ask: Which risqué sexual content do Sinophone (Chinese-speaking) and Anglophone (English-speaking) participants particularly enjoy in BL and does this differ between cultures?, and Are there sub-demographics in Sinophone and in Anglophone culture who enjoy particular forms of risqué sexual content in BL and do these forms relate also to enjoyment of particular storylines and concern with legal issues? The material studied meets the DSM-5 definition of the paraphilic, and little is known about paraphilias in women or in the general population. Using Categorical Principal Component Analysis we explored one 15-response question from our Sinophone (N = 1922) and Anglophone (N = 1715) BL fandom surveys: Which risqué sexual content do you particularly enjoy in BL? We also tested for associations with seven demographic and other BL content-related questions. Notably, the component structure was nearly replicated between the two independent samples, in order of strength: BDSM Specialist, Mechanoid/Animal Sex Specialist, Underage Sex Specialist, and Minority Paraphilia Specialist. In both samples, it was the avid BL fans and/or those who liked explicitly sexual stories, a largely overlapping demographic, who most engage the risqué content, while, for the Sinophone, this included also more non-heterosexual and/or other-gendered people. We conclude that women’s paraphilias have been largely overlooked because they might be expressed more commonly through fantasy than action, that their mass expression has awaited both the means and the market force, and that current conceptualization of, and assumptions about, paraphilias is overly modeled on that of men.

Clarifying the roles of schizotypy and psychopathic traits in lexical decision performance

IntroductionSome studies suggest that lexical recognition is impaired in people with schizophrenia, psychopathy and/or antisocial personality disorders, but not affective disorders. We examined the extent to which various traits dimensionally linked to one or more of these disorders are associated with lexical recognition performance in the general population. MethodsSeventy-eight healthy English-speaking participants completed self-report measures of schizotypy, psychopathy, impulsivity, depression, anxiety and stress. All participants were assessed on a one-choice variant of a lexical decision task (LDT). ResultsMeanness and Boldness traits of psychopathy (Triarchic Psychopathy Measure), and positive schizotypy (Unusual Experiences, Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences) were associated with poor word-nonword accuracy, and predicted a significant amount of unique variance (Meanness, 12%; Boldness, 4.8%; Positive Schizotypy, 4.4%; total 21%) in performance. Higher motor impulsivity predicted 30% of the variance in low-frequency words recognition accuracy, but only in non-native English speakers. Affective traits were not associated with LDT performance. ConclusionPsychopathic traits show stronger negative associations with lexical recognition performance than schizotypal traits, and impulsivity may differently influence lexical decision performance in native and non-native speakers. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings, especially the influence of language familiarity in the impulsivity-performance relationship, and to clarify the influence of corresponding symptom dimensions in lexical recognition abilities, taking language familiarity, migration status, and comorbidity into account, in people with schizophrenia, psychopathy, and/or antisocial personality disorders.

Social acquisition context matters: Increased neural responses for native but not nonnative taboo words

This study examined whether the context of acquisition of a word influences its visual recognition and subsequent processing. We utilized taboo words, whose meanings are typically acquired socially, to ensure that differences in processing were based on learned social taboo, rather than proficiency. American English-speaking participants made word/non-word decisions on American taboo (native dialect), British taboo (non-native dialect), positive, neutral, and pseudo- words while EEG was recorded. Taboo words were verified as taboo by both American and British English speakers in an independent norming survey. American taboo words showed a more positive amplitude of the Late Positive Complex (LPC), a neural correlate of emotionality and social processing, compared with British taboo words and all other word categories. Moreover, in an item-wise analysis, LPC amplitudes of American taboo words were positively correlated with their taboo ratings. British taboo words did not show this effect. This indicates that American participants, who had very limited social contact with British English, did not have the same perception of social threat from British taboo words as they had from American taboo words. These results point to the importance of social context of acquisition in establishing social-affective meaning in language.

Individual differences in word senses

AbstractIndividual differences and polysemy have rich literatures in cognitive linguistics, but little is said about the prospect of individual differences in polysemy. This article reports an investigation that sought to establish whether people vary in the senses of a polysemous word that they find meaningful, and to develop a novel methodology to study polysemy. The methodology combined established tools: sentence-sorting tasks, a rarely used statistical model of inter-participant agreement, and network visualisation. Two hundred and five English-speaking participants completed one of twelve sentence-sorting tasks on two occasions, separated by a delay of two months. Participants varied in how similarly they sorted the sentences as compared to other participants, and mean agreement across all 24 tasks did not meet an established threshold of acceptable agreement. Between the two test phases, inter-participant agreement varied to a significant but trivial degree. Networks generated for each dataset varied in the degree to which they captured all participants’ responses. This variation correlated with inter-participant agreement. The data collectively suggest that word senses may be subject to individual differences, as is the case in other linguistic phenomena. The methodology proved replicable and has a promise as a useful tool for studying polysemy.

Being Easy to Communicate Might Make Verdicts Based on Confessions More Legitimate

Abstract In many judicial systems, confessions are a requirement for criminal conviction. Even if confessions are intrinsically convincing, this might not entirely explain why they play such a paramount role. In addition, it has been suggested that confessions owe their importance to their legitimizing role, explaining why they could be required even when other evidence has convinced a judge. But why would confessions be particularly suited to justify verdicts? One possibility is that they can be more easily transmitted from one individual to the next, and thus spread in the population without losing their convincingness. 360 English-speaking participants were asked to evaluate the convincingness of one of three justifications for a verdict, grounded either in a confession, eyewitnesses, or circumstantial evidence, and to pass on that justification to another participant, who performed the same task. Then, 240 English-speaking participants evaluated the convincingness of some of the justifications produced by the first group of participants. Compared to the other justifications, justifications based on confessions lost less of their convincingness in the transmission process (small to medium effect sizes). Modeling pointed to the most common forms the justifications would take as they are transmitted, and results showed that the most common variant of the justification based on a confession was more convincing (small to medium effect sizes).

Roles of verb and construction cues

Abstract This study investigates how speakers of English and Korean, two typologically distinct languages, derive information from a verb and a construction to achieve sentence comprehension. In a sentence-sorting task, we manipulated verb semantics (real versus nonce) in each language. The results showed that participants from both languages were less inclined to sort sentences by a verb cue when the lexical-semantic information about a verb was obscured (i.e., nonce verb). In addition, the Korean-speaking participants were less likely affected by the verb semantics conditions than the English-speaking participants. These findings suggest the role of an argument structure construction in sentence comprehension as a co-contributor of sentence meaning, supporting the constructionist approach. The findings also imply language-specific mechanisms of sentence comprehension, contingent upon the varied impact of a verb on sentence meaning in English and Korean.

Effect of a story-based, animated video to reduce added sugar consumption: A web-based randomized controlled trial.

BackgroundShort and animated story-based (SAS) videos, which can be rapidly distributed through social media channels, are a novel and promising strategy for promoting health behaviors. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of a SAS video intervention to reduce the consumption of added sugars.MethodsIn December 2020, we randomized 4159 English-speaking participants from the United Kingdom (1:1:1) to a sugar intervention video, a content placebo video about sunscreen use (no sugar message), or a placebo video about earthquakes (no health or sugar message). We nested six list experiments in each arm and randomized participants (1:1) to a control list or a control list plus an item about consuming added sugars. The primary end-points were mean differences (on a scale of 0-100) in behavioral intent and direct restoration of freedom to consume added sugars.ResultsParticipants (N = 4013) who watched the sugar video had significantly higher behavioral intent to cut their daily intake of added sugar (mean difference (md) = 16.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.5-31.8, P = 0.031), eat fresh fruit daily (md = 16.7, 95% CI = 0.5-32.9, P = 0.043), and check food labels for sugar content (md = 20.5, 95% CI = 2.6-38.5, P = 0.025) when compared with the sunscreen (content placebo) video. The sugar video did not arouse intent to restore freedom and consume added sugars when compared with the two placebo videos.ConclusionsOur SAS intervention video did not arouse reactance and increased short-term behavioral intent among participants to reduce their consumption of added sugars. SAS videos, which draw on best practices from the entertainment-education media, communication theory, and the animation industry, can be an effective strategy for delivering emotionally compelling narratives to promote health behavior change.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00022340

Prosodic characteristics of English speakers with Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. A large amount of work has focused on the automatic detection of AD, but few have examined the underlying acoustic correlates. Through the analysis of 42 speakers (21 AD and 21 control), research by Martinez-Sanchez et al. have reported flattened pitch trajectories which distinguish Spanish-speaking AD patients from those of controls [Martinez-Sanchez et al., Psicothema 24(1), 16–21 (2012)]. The present study aims to determine whether a similar effect is found in a large-scale study of English speakers with AD. Prosogram [Mertens, in Proceedings of Speech Prosody (2004)] was used to assess pitch trajectories of 203 English-speaking participants (128 AD and 75 control) from Dementiabank’s Pitt Corpus [Becker et al., Arch. Neurol. 51(6), 585–594 (1994)]. AD patients exhibited greater pitch range and trajectories across phonation than controls, both within and across syllables. These preliminary findings conflict with previous observations of a flattened prosodic profile for AD patients. A possible reason for this discrepancy is a difference in speech elicitation tasks. Previous studies on Spanish-speakers used reading and delayed pronunciation tasks, whereas the present study utilizes a picture description task, a more natural elicitation method.

Design of an individualised questionnaire to measure the impact of cancer on quality of life: The cancer dependent quality of life (CancerDQoL) questionnaire.

To design an individualised questionnaire to measure the impact of cancer and its treatments on quality of life (QoL). MATERIALS& METHODS: Design of the Cancer-Dependent Quality of Life (CancerDQoL) questionnaire was based on the Audit of Diabetes Dependent QoL (ADDQoL) questionnaire and related -DQoLs for other conditions. Item selection, face validity and content validity were established through clinician and patient ratings of the importance and relevance of 60 domains from the -DQoL Item Library, and semi-structured interviews with 25 English-speaking participants with a range of cancers attending a cancer centre in Zimbabwe (age range: 25-78 years; 16 women, 9 men). Ten interviews were subsequently conducted with UK English-speaking participants with a range of cancers attending Maggie's Centres in London and Dundee (age range: 40-76; 5 women, 5 men) to adapt the CancerDQoL for UK use. The first draft of the CancerDQoL contained 25 domain-specific items from the -DQoL Item Library plus four overview items. Zimbabwean participants indicated that cancer negatively impacted on all life domains included, except 'having children'. Weighted impact (impact ratings multiplied by importance) was most negative for 'sex life', 'depend on others' and 'physical capability'. The least negative weighted impact was found for 'having children', 'spiritual/religious life' and 'past medical/self-care'. UK interviews confirmed no new items were required. Face and content validity of the CancerDQoL is established for an adult sample of English-speaking cancer patients in Zimbabwe and confirmed in an adaptation following UK interviews.

Mental health consequences of COVID-19: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of pandemic-related stressors and anxiety disorders in the USA

ObjectiveTo document the prevalence of anxiety disorders in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA cross-sectional analysis.SettingA nationally representative sample in the USA between 31 March and 13 April 2020.Participants1450 English-speaking...

Diabetes Technology Experiences Among Latinx and Non-Latinx Youth with Type 1 Diabetes.

Diabetes technologies, such as insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitors (CGM), have been associated with improved glycemic control and increased quality of life for young people with type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, few young people use these devices, especially those from minority ethnic groups. Current literature predominantly focuses on white patients with private insurance and does not report experiences of diverse pediatric patients with limited resources. To explore potential differences between Latinx and non-Latinx patients, English- and Spanish-speaking young people with T1D (n = 173, ages 11-25 years) were surveyed to assess attitudes about and barriers to diabetes technologies using the Technology Use Attitudes and Barriers to Device Use questionnaires. Both English- and Spanish-speaking participants who identified as Latinx were more likely to have public insurance (P = .0001). English-speaking Latinx participants reported higher Hemoglobin A1c values (P = .003), less CGM use (P = .002), and more negative attitudes about technology (generally, P = .003; and diabetes-specific, P < .001) than either non-Latinx or Spanish-speaking Latinx participants. Barriers were encountered with equivalent frequency across groups. Latinx English-speaking participants had less positive attitudes toward general and diabetes technology than Latinx Spanish-speaking and non-Latinx English-speaking peers, and differences in CGM use were associated with socioeconomic status. Additional work is needed to design and deliver diabetes interventions that are of interest to and supportive of patients from diverse ethnic and language backgrounds.

Role of Health Literacy, Acculturation, and Socio-Demographics on Perception of Voluntariness during Informed Consent for Pediatric Leukemia Clinical Trials

Introduction :Valid consent for research requires that the decision be both informed and voluntary. For parents and legal guardians, it is essential that they fully understand their role when giving consent to participation of their child in research. Previous studies on parental informed consent in pediatric settings have focused largely on disclosure and understanding (Kodish, JAMA, 2004; Chappuy, Arch Dis Child, 2010) and motivations for agreeing to or declining research participation (Petersen, Pediatr Blood Cancer, 2013). When presented with a cancer clinical trial for their child, parents often do not understand the many components of informed consent, including voluntariness of participation (De Vries, BMC Med Ethics, 2011). In addition, individuals with limited English proficiency have reported lower understanding and satisfaction during informed consent (Breese, J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics, 2007). There is limited research on perception of voluntariness of participation in pediatric leukemia clinical trials. The aim of this study was to examine socio-demographic and contextual correlates of perception of voluntariness, decisional regret, and satisfaction in parents who had consented to participation of their child in a clinical trial for leukemia treatment. We focused on characterizing differences between non-Hispanics and Hispanics, as the latter is the fastest growing ethnic group in the U.S.Methods :Parents/guardians (n=97) of children aged 0-17 years with newly diagnosed leukemia, who had consented to participation of their child in a clinical trial for leukemia treatment at Rady Children's Hospital San Diego were prospectively recruited. Of the 135 parents approached to participate in our study, 26 (19.3%) declined and 12 (11.0%) withdrew after enrollment. Reasons for declining or withdrawing included feeling overwhelmed, having no time, or having no interest in the study. Participants completed questionnaires assessing perception of voluntariness, decisional regret, satisfaction, health literacy, socio-demographics, and acculturation level, if Hispanic (Table 1). Perception of voluntariness, decisional regret, and satisfaction outcomes were analyzed by socio-demographics, health literacy, and acculturation levels using logistic regression.Results :Ninety-seven participants were surveyed, including 50 (51.5%) Hispanic and 47 (48.5%) non-Hispanic. Demographic characteristics of the participants are shown in Table 2. We found that higher health literacy was associated with higher perception of voluntariness (p<0.001), socioeconomic status (SES) (p<0.001), and acculturation (p<0.001). Hispanic participants reported lower health literacy (p<0.001) compared to non-Hispanic participants. Spanish-speaking participants reported lower health literacy (p<0.001), lower perception of voluntariness (p=0.048), and lower acculturation (p<0.001) compared to English-speaking participants. In addition, participants with Medicaid reported lower health literacy (p<0.001) and lower SES (p<0.001) compared to participants with private insurance. Finally, participants with lower education levels reported lower health literacy (p<0.001). Decisional regret was overall low and satisfaction was overall moderately high across all subgroups and neither was significantly impacted by socio-demographics, health literacy, or acculturation.Conclusions :In this study, with equivalent numbers of Hispanic and Non-Hispanic participants, we found that Hispanic parents of children with newly diagnosed leukemia, and particularly Spanish-speakers, had inadequate health literacy and perception of voluntariness, despite overall high rates of satisfaction with the informed consent process for clinical trials. To our knowledge, this is the first study to associate lower health literacy with lower perception of voluntariness in parents of children with newly diagnosed leukemia. True voluntariness in participation is essential to the ethical practice of informed consent, and our study suggests that many Hispanics parents and those with limited English proficiency are not making truly informed decisions for their child with cancer. It is imperative to improve the informed consent process and facilitate informed decision making with culturally and linguistically appropriate interventions tailored to this vulnerable population. [Display omitted] DisclosuresAristizabal:American Society of Hematology Scholar Award: Other: ASH Scholar Award for the submitted abstract, Research Funding; American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Clinician-Educator Award: Research Funding; Alex Lemonade Stand Foundation Psychosocial Grant: Research Funding; NIH/CTSA: Other: Pilot Grant, Research Funding. M:University of California San Diego School of Medicine Research Fellowship: Research Funding.