Inde Research Articles

Poetry: Questions I Hear because of My Indian English

Poetry: Questions I Hear because of My Indian English

Recrimination of Shikandi in Devdutt Pattanaik’s Shikhandi and Other Tales They Don't Tell You

Indian Writing has turned out to be a new form of Indian culture and voice in which idea converses regularly. Indian writers-poets, novelists, essayists, and dramatists have been making momentous and considerable contribution to world Literature since pre-Independence era, the past few years have witnessed a gigantic prospecting and thinking of Indian English writing in the global market. Sri Aurobindo stands like a huge oak spreading its branches over these two centuries. He is the first poet in Indian writing English who was given the re-interpretation of Myths. Tagore is the most eminent writer he translated many of his poems and plays into English who wrote probably the largest number of lyrics even attempted by any poet. The word “myth” is divided from the Greek word mythos, which simply means “story”. Mythology can refer either to the study of myths or to a body or a collection of myths. A myth by definition is “true” in that it. The same myth appears in various versions, varies with diverse traditions, modified by various Hindu traditions, regional beliefs and philosophical schools, over time. Devdutt Pattanaik is an Indian Mythologist who distinguishes between mythological fiction is very popular as it is fantasy rooted in familiar tradition tales. His books include Myth =Mithya: A Handbook of Hindu Mythology, Jaya: An illustrated Retelling of Mahabharata; Business Sutra: An Indian Approach to Management; Shikandi: And other Tales they Don’t Tell you; and so on.

Growth of Feminism in Indian English Fiction: Major Nuances

Growth of Feminism in Indian English Fiction: Major Nuances

Feminism In The Novels Of Anita Desai

Feminism in western nations are epitomized in literature and different books, that is in composed shape however in the east, especially in nations like India, attributable to its oral tradition and more noteworthy lack of education, the effect of these investigations was limited to the urban populace. In any case, as of late, even the rural regions have been secured due to the regularly spreading wing of electronic media. Since the most recent couple of decades, women have been attempting their hands at writings and that too effectively. Anita Desai is a standout amongst other known contemporary women writers of Indian fiction in English. She has picked up qualification in investigating the human psyche and the enthusiastic sentiments of her protagonists. She has included a new dimension and great support to the contemporary Indian English fiction and has a huge place because of her creative topical concerns and arrangements in her fiction with feminine sensibility.

Sociopolitical Dimensions of English in Nepal

Nepal is an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) country where teaching and learning of English was disallowed under the Ranas for political reason while English took root in the rest of South Asia under the British colonial dispensation for over two centuries. English was adopted as a useful tool to enhance Nepal’s standing and to strengthen its relations with the outside world after the Ranas were removed from ower in 1951. This research paper dwells on how choosing English for use in a nation for education, business and foreign relations constitutes a political act and how Nepal’s political history guided the resistance to use English in the nation and how the changed political scenario pushed the country to adopt teaching and learning of English in a big way. Political thinking even determines how the choice of English is described at the official level to camouflage it as a purely nationalistic invention dubbing it as one of the U.N. languages which Nepal as a member must master to play its role in the world body. This research paper seeks to highlight the context of EFL in Nepal in the past fifty years, describes the modes of teaching and learning of English in the country and tries to demonstrate that English in Nepal does not fall under the nstitutionalized variety of English such as Indian or South Asian English.

Communicative Language Teaching: Exploring Challenges Faced by Afghan and Indian English Language Teachers

Communicative Language Teaching: Exploring Challenges Faced by Afghan and Indian English Language Teachers

Elements of Existentialism in the Works of Arun Joshi

Arun Joshi is an existential novelist that occupies a distinct and distinctive place in the world of post-Independence Indian English writings. Unlike his contemporary Indian English writers, he neither writes for entertainment nor for any political or social issues. He experiments with the issue of human predicament through his protagonists, particularly the motives responsible for their freedom of choice and the effect of these choices on their psyche. In his fictional world, he probes deep into the psyche of his protagonists and highlights their interactions with the Sartrean view of life. Through his protagonists, he portrays the inner recesses and existential trauma of modern men and deals with their efforts to search a meaning of life in this materialistic world. The problem of alienation and isolation from self and society is a major issue in his fictional world which parallels him with the Western existential novelists. His first novel The Foreigner is excellently parallel with Camus‟ The Outsider. He received the most prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award for his fourth existential novel The Last Labyrinth in 1982. The fictional world of Arun Joshi mainly consists of five novels as: The Foreigner (1968), The Strange Case of Billy Biswas (1971), The Apprentice (1974), The Last Labyrinth (1981), and The City and the River (1990). His fictional world surprisingly represents the Western existential philosophy in general and Sartrean existentialism in particular.

Madhuca indica: A Review on the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Aspects.

Madhuca indica J.F. Gmel. (family: Sapotaceae), commonly known as Mahua in Indian dialects, occupies the importance as one of the fuel-efficient, energy-saving plant species. Extensive studies showed that the presence of phytochemicals e.g., carbohydrates, fatty acids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids and glycosidic compounds in the extract of this species. Pharmacologically, it has been used against various disorders in indigenous system of medicine, inckuding antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti-diabetic and wound healing activities. This review highlights various pharmacological activities, phytochemistry and importance of M. indica plant for medicine.

Gendered Representations in Language: A Corpus-Based Comparative Study of Adjective-Noun Collocations for Marital Relationships

In language teaching, a study of the corpora gives teachers access to authentic texts and the language of these texts is the language used in real-life communication. Social structures and culture-defined representations of gender influence sexist language or choice of words based on gender bias. Based on the premise that adjectives as ‘describing words’ help define and express human behaviour, attitude and psyche, this research paper tries to explore and compare collocational behaviour of adjectives using four pairs of female and male nouns for marital relationships (bachelor and spinster, bridegroom and bride, husband and wife, and widower and widow) in the British and the Indian contexts. Considering that these four noun pairs sequentially represent the four stages in a marital relationship, this comparative analysis tries to demonstrate with collocational evidence the categorization of social identity and power distribution, the presence of sexism in language usage, and analyzes and interprets the cultural meanings they embody. By examining the gendered adjective-noun collocational frequencies and dispersions in the British National Corpus (BNC) and the Kolhapur Corpus of Indian English (KC), this paper seeks to present certain key perspectives in gender representations in two diverse socio-cultural and historical backgrounds and analyze how gendered language is used by native and non-native speakers.

Eco-Criticism and Socio-Political Issues through Literary Texts

<p>Nature can’t speak for herself and thus time and again she retorts with calamities, making us vulnerable and impotent. This paper proposes to explore the various geopolitical and socio-political intricacies of man versus nature, which are portrayed by Indian English writers. The genuine concern for nature along with marginal demography and water habitats is the main focus around which Amitav Ghosh’s (2016)‘The Hungry Tides’ and Arundhati Roy’s (1999) ‘The Greater Common Good’ revolves. The paper aims at establishing intertextuality between the two texts focusing on the concerns of both the writers over nature and also depicting vulnerability of humans in front of the wrath of nature. The texts lack literary similarities but the theme revolves around interference of human beings in the disruption of the ecological balance and about the sufferings of the marginal people being a part of the broader nature encompassed in its thrall. Both authors bring forward to the global community issues which can damage nature and human beings bringing out the hidden socio-political reasons along with environmental concerns. As the paper proceeds, we will explore the tangible yet profound manifold relationship between human and nature. The true meaning of symbiosis is established not in the society of civilization but through roots that penetrate into the soil sustaining life. These discussions will be done through the mentioned literary texts to provide a basic guidance to researchers and fellow environmentalists before they venture into the world of the 'other'

Emotional Abuse in Shashi Deshpande\'s "That Long Silence"

Abstract: Indian English Literature has its roots in the works of the 19th century writers such as Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Rabindranath Tagore, and Sarojini Naidu. In this paper we have reflected mental harassment or emotional abuse through the literary work of famous writer Shashi Deshpande. Her novel “ That Long Silence “ is about a character “Jaya” whose journey of self discovery is a difficult one. She is the victim of the patriarchal society that has denied her the freedom to pursue her dreams. The novel highlights the struggle of women in India. It shows how women are expected to conform to the norms of society and how they are often denied basic rights to make decisions about their own lives. Deshpande encourages women to take charge of their own lives and to be independent and self-reliant.

Exploring Societal Perplexes & Cultural Quandary in Amulya Malladi’s The Mango Season

Literature is a work of art blended with an aesthetic and artistic creation specifically in the written form. There are indeed many different kinds of literature around the globe, but Indian English Literature has its special qualities that make it stand out to readers. Indian English Literature is an amalgamation of various themes such as socio-historical, multicultural, and multilingual objectives. Amulya Malladi is an Indian women diasporic writer, she brings the concept of cultural dilemmas in her work. This paper investigates Amulya’s second fiction ‘The Mango Season’ and highlights the societal complications/ cultural confusions faced by the protagonist Priya Rao. Due to religious and cultural differences, the protagonist suffers a lot to decide between her love for her family and her love for her beloved. Cultural dilemmas are primarily the result of two living experiences that develop in one’s own country and in the host land. ‘The Mango Season’ is very naturalistic in its depiction of cultural confusions & societal norms faced by the protagonist who is well educated and graduated in the West while her parents are down-rooted in the Orient culture.

SIGNIFICANCE OF INDIAN WRITINGS IN ENGLISH

English language is inseparable with regard to India and its growth as a prosperous nation. India , which has twenty-three official regional Languages and two thousand regional languages more in it. This paper examines ‘literature’ in the context of Indian This paper analyses 'writing' with regards to Indian Writing in English and territorial writing of India in the illumination of Indian English. As IWE is not a separate entity, it is combination of Indian Diaspora fiction in English which contributes a lot to Indian English

Indian Knowledge System in Indian English and Literature: A Critical Analysis of National Education Policy 2020

Indian Knowledge System in Indian English and Literature: A Critical Analysis of National Education Policy 2020

Violence, Naxalbari Movement (1965-1975), and its Representation in Indian English Literature: A Re-reading of History through The Lives of Others (2014)

In this article, the objective is to read The Lives of Others (2014) by Neil Mukherjee as a representative text of the Naxalbari movement (1965-1975) of Bengal. The Naxalbari movement was the first peasant insurgency within twenty years of Indian independence that developed into a movement of dissent (1965-75), opposing the existing class hierarchy. The article analyses how violence became one of the chief tools in the movement dedicated to creating an egalitarian society and the state’s response to it in order to maintain the political status quo. For this purpose, the article gives a brief overview of the political movements in India, followed by the Naxalbari movement through the lens of violence. Through The Lives of Others, it shows the aporia by showing the futility of violence. Thus, the argument of the article is centred on in an interaction between the historical narrative regarding violence in the Naxalbari movement and its depiction in one of the texts of Indian Literature in English.

Role of Print Media in Reporting Conflicts Between India and Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistani and Indian English Dailies (Jan 2016_Feb 2019)

The significance of print media in shaping public opinion is highlighted in this report from January 2016 to February 2019 by analyzing the disputes between India and Pakistan. It explores the water dispute, cross-border terrorism, the Kashmir conflict, and Line of Control (LoC) violations, which are four of the most divisive topics. The study also analyses any peace initiatives or bilateral discussions that have taken place between the two countries and looks at the coverage that these events received in a few print media publications. Incidents like the Pathankot incident, Uri attack, Kulbhushan Jadhav case, Burhan Wani's passing, ongoing ceasefire violations, worries about human rights in Kashmir, disagreements over projects like Kishanganga and Rattle hydropower, and the most recent Pulwama attack created palpable tensions between the two countries. The active coverage of print media in both countries provides important insight into the regional powerhouse newspapers' objectives.

DECODING INTERDISCURSIVITY AS AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM FOR RECREATING HISTORY IN SHASHI THAROOR'S RIOT

Shashi Tharoor, a renowned Indian English writer, is often highlighted for his exceptional language skills and writing style. Among his three novels, Riot has been largely devoted to visualize the effects of postcolonialism in India and to record the historically signicant moments after western colonization. The story has been setup on the backdrop of communal riot in the ctional village, Zalilgarh. The communal riot for years has been regarded as a prominent issue in the post-colonial India. Though, Tharoor's major focus is on the description of India, the story revolves around the death of an American girl, Priscilla Hart. The entire novel talks about the mysterious death of Priscilla Hart during the riot. The paper focuses on Tharoor's unique narrative technique of blending various literary genres in his historical ction to recapture the moments in Indian history

Strengths and limits of limitless English in India: a critical reflection on the relationship of English to a backward community

ABSTRACT English, initially being a language of imperial leaders and later of upper caste elites after independence, continues to remain an elitist language in India. Over the course of time and for various reasons, the need for English language learning has rapidly increased. English is also believed to promote social mobility for the people of backward communities. However, the history of social disparity in India has problematized the position of English in the country. On one hand English produces varied possibilities for economic growth and social change. On the other hand, its elitist and exclusively selective nature negatively impacts Indian society by alarming the public education sector which the most backward communities rely on even today. Even though someone from a backward community succeeds in learning English they would inevitably step into a more complex/hierarchical zone by positioning themselves in the complexity of a class structure.

The Poetics of In-betweeness: A Study of Selected Poems for Meena Alexander

This paper deals with Meena Alexander (1951-2018), one of the most influential Indian English poets. It focuses on her poetry which explores the relationship between Indian culture and the British culture, as well as the bond between memory and present reality. In this paper, a study was undertaken to investigate Alexander's works that dramatize postcolonial tension and resistance in independent India. The many power dynamics that marginalize individuals in the postcolonial ear on the basis of class, culture, gender and religion are discussed. As a result, it is clear that colonial power abuse has vanished, only to be replaced by interior exploitation. This paper also deals with her diasporic experience and her perspectives on creating a home, both living and literary, as well as an independent identity of her own via her literary productions.

Representation of Gender Violence in Jaishree Misra’s Afterwards

Gender violence is one of the major social issues which needs proper attention. It is one of the worst crimes of human society. ‘Gender Violence’ is an umbrella term that includes a large number of crimes directly or indirectly posed against a person’s sexuality. Several crimes like domestic violence, marital rape, human trafficking, honor killing, and other such abuses are heinous realities of the contemporary Indian society. To a large extent, the trauma of gender violence is not only physical but also psychological. Sadly, it has remained neglected for a very long period. However, by the twentieth century, voices fighting against such issues have gained wide recognition. The literary representation of sexual violence in Indian English literature is a way of giving voice to silent unheard victims and is worth critical attention. Jaishree Misra is a contemporary Indian English novelist delineating various socio-cultural issues of the contemporary Indian society through her large gamut of literary works. Her novel Afterwards (2004) deals with the life of a woman named Maya, trapped in a loveless and suffocating marriage. This research paper attempts to study the textual representation of sexual violence in the contemporary Indian English fictions with special attention to the selected literary work.