English Foreign Language Classroom Research Articles

Teacher Talk in English Foreign Language Classroom

This research investigates teacher talk in SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu, based on FLINT theory by Moskowitz (1971). This research analyzed teacher talk categories spoken and the high frequency teacher talk used by the teacher to see what the category was often used in classroom. The design of this research was descriptive mixed-method that involved two teachers who taught at the tenth-grade of SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu academic years 2019-20. The data of this study were taken by video recording the teacher-students interaction in the classroom that contained eleven categories of teacher talk. The data of this research were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The result of this study that all of teacher’s talk categories often used by the teacher who taught at tenth-grade of SMAN 5 Kota Bengkulu during classroom interaction. The high frequency of teacher talk categories was asking question around 55.6%, while the least of teacher talk categories were correcting without rejection and criticizes student behavior. It means that the teachers tended to use indirect influence rather than direct influence.

Contact-induced Phonological Change of the Phoneme /s/ in the Speech of EFL Learners and Teachers in Algeria: A Case Study

This paper investigates the phenomenon of contact-induced phonological change of the phoneme /s/ in the speech of EFL learners and teachers at the secondary schools and even Higher Education in Algeria. It is perceived that the letter ‘s’ is recurrently pronounced /z/ whenever it is positioned between two vowel sounds and that the double –ss- between two vowels is simply uttered /s/ in many words. This fact is attributed to the overgeneralization of French phonological rules however this is not the case in English. Such phonological aspects have become prominent symptoms within English as Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms prior to French overuse within Algeria’s speech repertoire due to historical and practical reasons. This study seems as a departure from the meeting point of looking at such phenomenon in teachers and/or learners’ natural conversations in EFL classrooms to a critical examination of its uses in numerous English terms. To attain this, Labov’s “observer’s paradox” (1972) was considered to overcome problems while collecting spontaneous speech data. Two different strategies were employed, structured and unstructured observations, throughout thirteen years. A total random sample of 257 respondents had been included, 204 of whom are secondary school pupils and university students, and the remaining are secondary school (trainee) teachers and university lecturers. The first group was intentionally asked to derive either nouns or adjectives from a range of words containing phoneme /s/, classify some words in a table according to the final ‘-d’ pronunciation or give the opposites –especially using the prefix ‘dis_’ – to certain words keeping the same root as well pronounce them at the end. The second group was recorded. Outstandingly, the study concludes that 98% of our informants mispronounce the given words. At last, some recommendations have been suggested to alleviate the problem.

CHALLENGE TASK FOR TEACHERS IN TEACHING ACADEMIC ESSAYS FOR POLYTECHNIC STUDENTS DURING THE PANDEMIC

A myriad research has demonstrated the use of internet as an approach to teaching English as foreign language (EFL). The little research on this topic of interest has been undertaken in the Indonesian higher education context. Particularly, the use of digital tool as practicing and examining students’ writing remains under-explored in this educational setting. With these in mind, this research presents an empirical study that looks into to what extent the deployment of a digital tool mediates multimodal learning tasks in the EFL classroom. The study specifically examines challenges and benefits to develop students’ writing and reading competences. The study also looks at the roles of teacher and students in the entire learning process. A total of 80 polytechnic students volunteered to participate the study. Individually, they were assigned to perform a series of tasks, including (1) connecting to website, (2) reading articles and instruction in, and (3) writing essays. Drawing on these data, the present chapter reports on four major findings, that is: (1) drafting and negotiating strategies for writing essay creation, (2) framing the use of language in composing, (3) discussing the result essay creation and improvement, and (4) positioning roles of teachers and students in the entire learning process

EFL Classroom Activities in Teaching Listening Using Songs for Students

The aim of this study was to reveal English Foreign Language (EFL) classroom activities conducted by teachers in teaching listening using songs. A qualitative study method was applied. Three teachers of a senior high school in Indonesia were interviewed. Classroom observations were done. Teachers strongly believed that their students enjoyed the class and involved in the activities provided. The results show that students were eagerly active in the class joining activities conducted by teachers in teaching listening using songs. There were sixty students given questionnaire. They were chosen randomly. The study implies that it is necessary for teachers to plan various activities to attract students’ attention as well as to choose the appropriate song so that all of students are engaged in the learning process.

Developing Communication Skills through Raising Intercultural Competence in EFL Classroom

This article discusses the teaching of intercultural and transcultural awareness together with language learning in foreign language contexts. Ensuing a brief discussion of what language, culture and its forms mean, we illustrate the relationship between intercultural and transcultural competence, and the development of communication skills in the foreign language framework for teaching EFL (English as Foreign Language) students. The author draws attention to the importance of developing students’ intercultural research abilities utilizing the transcultural communication competence notion. We show how intercultural orientations and transcultural communication competence affect the students’ framework and their career dimensions. The author illuminates the activities and approaches that develop communication skills. The article concludes with an underscoring of the critical challenges that teachers encounter and their potential solutions. Keywords: Intercultural communication, Transcultural awareness, Social identity, Student attitudes, Cross cultural, EFL classrooms, diversity

Inclusive education in English foreign language classrooms

Inclusive education in English foreign language classrooms

An exploratory study of the lived experiences of Pakistani, undergraduate EFL students in the flipped classroom

Recently, Pakistani higher education has decided to transition from a traditional teacher-centered to a more student-centered, communicative classroom. One promising possibility that could help in the transition is the flipped classroom technique. Examining the lived experiences of Pakistani university English as foreign language (EFL) students who have taken part in a course taught using the flipped classroom technique will help in determining possible benefits of the flipped classroom in EFL higher education in Pakistan. This study will use a qualitative approach with a case study design to focus on the lived experiences of Pakistan EFL university students at Sindh University enrolled in a course taught using the flipped classroom model. This study will focus on the students’ impressions, possible changes in study habits, perceived benefits and challenges, and if students experienced higher levels of authentic communication opportunities due to the flipped classroom. By examining the lived experiences of students who have taken part in a course taught using the flipped classroom technique, this study will contribute to the understanding of learning technologies used to support the implementation of a communicative, student-centered learning environment in the undergraduate EFL classroom.

REVEALING EFL STUDENTS’ RESPONSES ON THE USE OF SOCRATIVE IN READING ACTIVITY

Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 has influenced practice of English Foreign Language (EFL) instruction. One of which is through the deployment of Socrative as the technology integration to enhance the students’ skills of listening, reading, writing and speaking. This paper was aimed at elaborating the use of Socrative in English academic reading classrooms done by students in university level. The students’ responses on their experiences when utilizing this application were revealed. The results exemplified that students used Socrative for reading activities. By collecting the students’ opinions on Socrative via a survey, it was found out that the students could enrich their vocabulary because they employed a reading strategy that should be implemented by them, such as noting difficult word(s), and looking for the meaning in dictionary. In another side, the students argued that this online application had a lack of aspect in a reading course. Further, recommendations on the practice of Socrative in EFL classroom are discussed.

Speaking Skill through Task Based Learning in English Foreign Language Classroom

Speaking is one way to express ourselves when communicate. Most of students fail when they perform speaking skill. They faced problems in expressing themselves using in accurate, fluent and even simple sentences. Task based learning is an approach that need the completion of meaningful tasks. Task Based Learning focuses on the use of language for genuine in communication. This study used quasi experimental research. The sample of the study is Fourth Semester of English education study program of Baturaja University with the total sample 36 students. The data is conducted of two groups: one experimental group and one control group taught conventionally. Based on the data analysis the researcher concluded that task based learning was effective to improve the students’ speaking skill in EFL Classroom. The result data from the mean score of posttest in experimental class was 49,11and the mean score of posttest in control class was 51,88 . While, the value of sig. (2-tailed)=0.000 less than significant level (α=0.05), it meant that alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. The researcher concluded the result of posttest in experimental higher than the result of posttest in control class. It means that task based learning was significantly improve the students’ speaking skill at fourth semester of English education study program of Baturaja University. Based on the finding on questionnaire, it could be described that almost the students gave positive response on the use of task based learning. The students strongly agree that task based learning help them enjoy in learning English and they also mostly agree that task based activities is a good way to improve English vocabulary.

IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMUNICATIVE AND PARTICIPATORY APPROACH IN TEACHING ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS

Teaching English as Foreign Language (EFL) is quite challenging because teachers should prepare materials properly as well as the teaching technique that will be applied in EFL classroom. The teachers should also pay attention to the communicative purpose of teaching EFL. This study investigates the application of teaching techniques and approaches done by EFL teacher. The researcher observed the teaching techniques applied by the lecturer as well as teaching learning process experienced by college students in English for Business classroom. Based on the research findings and discussions, it can be inferred that the lecturer applied Communicative Language Teaching and Participatory Technique which are involved in two different approaches in his class of English for Business. The two approaches are communicative and participatory approaches. Those two are applicable and appropriate to be conducted in the classroom of students in higher education. Further, it is suggested for EFL teachers to consider the classroom condition in deciding what teaching techniques to be applied. Further, the communicative purpose of language learning is supposed to be the main consideration for the teachers since the students are supposed to use English language communicatively in context.

Students’ Perceptions of Using Machine Translation Tools In the EFL Classroom

Machine Translation (MT) refers to automatically trying to translate words, phrases, text, or speech from one language to another (Arnold et al., 1994). This study aims to analyze English as Foreign Language (EFL) students’ perceptions on utilizing machine translation (MT) in translating words, phrases, text, or speech. This research used descriptive qualitative method, 13 EFL students as respondents using this type of technology were described and analyzed. Data were gained from the analysis of the translation quality supported by machine translation procedures and questionnaires to 13 English students in translation subject. The results showed that, EFL students in the sixth and seventh semester of English education department of Megarezky University in translating words, phrases, texts, paragraphs had to recheck and rearrange to get a good translation by their own understandings. Machine Translation (MT) becomes another option to recognize the meaning of foreign language. Machine Translation can be used as dictionary as well. MT is incredibly useful and helpful, it can provide a general description to the users, it gives an inspiration or consideration to the users to understand the meaning.

What does language awareness look like? Visual methodologies in language learning and teaching research (2000–2018)

The acquisition of a language is a complex process. Applied Linguistics research tends to view this process as classroom-based. It is only more recently that learners, in particular young learners, are being placed in the centre of investigation in research exploring language learning from their subjective perspectives. To understand these learner-centred perspectives, there is a growing body of work using visual methodologies, despite the fact that such methodologies have yet to be clearly defined in Applied Linguistics. The contribution in the present article aims at providing some clarity on how visual methods are being used in this specific research field by reporting on a meta-analysis of 44 papers using relevant methodologies published in English between 2000 and 2018. Our analysis indicates that, in addition to methodological eclecticism, there is an imbalance in participant numbers (although data are usually collected among small groups) and a preference for researching the English Foreign Language classroom and English learners. Furthermore, studies tend to focus on language teaching and learning and on the affective dimension of language awareness.

SPEAKING ANXIETY IN EFL CLASSROOM: CATEGORIES AND FACTORS

English is as foreign language for Indonesian students. Hence, they often find the anxiety in learning speaking. This study investigated the categories and factors of students’ anxiety in English as Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. This is a case study. It was conducted at IAIN Kudus, especially in speaking classes of the second semester students, English Education Department (EED) in the academic year of 2018/2019. For obtaining the data, the researcher used observation of the class interaction and interview. Based on the analysis, there were two results. The speaking anxiety categories found in EFL classrooms are trait, state, and specific-situation anxiety. And, factors that cause the speaking anxiety are cognitive, affective, and performance factors.

Intercultural Competence in the Eyes of State School English Language Teachers in Turkey

Equipping students with intercultural competence (hereafter IC) is a critical aim of English foreign language classrooms nowadays, and EFL teachers have emerged as essential players for accomplishing this. These teachers should essentially be competent in their intercultural skills so that they can pass these on to their students in order to foster interculturally competent language learners. However, teachers' perceptions regarding IC remain uncertain, particularly in the Turkish context. Thus, before asking teachers to apply methods and strategies so that they can enhance students’ IC in the classroom, it is vital that we investigate what they understand about IC. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to reveal middle and high school teachers’ understanding of the IC phenomenon and their description of the characteristics of an interculturally competent foreign language learner and teacher. In addition, teachers’ perceptions regarding their own and their learners’ IC were also explored in this study. The participants were 30 middle and high school English language teachers teaching at state schools in Turkey. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data. MAXQDA was exploited in order to analyse the data, primarily to code, categorize, and systematize the findings. The results indicated that the teachers considered IC to be the ability to communicate with people from various cultures effectively, having knowledge about one’s own, target, and other cultures, and developing positive attitudes toward other cultures and societies. They also emphasized the inseparability of language and culture and the importance of English as an international language. The teachers also indicated why they viewed themselves and their learners as interculturally competent or incompetent, which could provide insight into where to start intercultural learning and teaching in foreign language classrooms and how to train EFL teachers about different dimensions of IC.

Effectiveness of Online vs Offline classes for EFL Classroom : a study case in a higher education.

With the increasing development of technology, online teaching is more readily accepted as a viable component in teaching and learning. Online and Offline class, particularly in developing countries, in its early stages and not without its challenges. This study exposed 16 EFL students of university Ibnu Khaldun responses to an online classroom and offline classroom. And investigates common student perceptions of the online lesson as compared with offline lessons to identify the effectivness between online and offline class. The method use data analysis adopted from questionnaires using qualitative (Likert scale questions) and quantitative (open-ended questions) approaches provided data for content analysis to determine common student perception. The result, more students associated in-class lessons. They felt more interest, due to better understanding, classroom interaction with the lecturer and student, and enjoy during the lesson. The student prefer to the offline larning than online learning. Keyword : Online class, Offline class and English Foreign Language (EFL)

English as Foreign Language (EFL) Teacher’s Questioning Strategies in Classroom Interaction


 
 
 
 ABSTRACT
 The objectives of this research were to find out the teacher’s questioning strategies, types of the questions, and the reasons of using the questioning strategies in classroom interaction.. This qualitative research using discourse analysis approach. The sample of this study was a teacher of SMPN 1 Tanete Riaja, Barru Regency Data collection of this research was conducted through recording, observation, and interview. The data collected were analyzed through conversational analysis that was used in analyzing teacher's questioning strategies, types of the teacher's questions, and the reasons for using questioning strategies in EFL classroom. The research findings showed that the teacher used questioning strategies by applying some types of questions. The open/ closed questions and knowledge questions were used dominantly by the teacher. It depends on the material that the teacher transferred to the students. Otherwise, synthesis and evaluation questions were used only a few times by teacher. The teacher also applied some strategies, namely questioning in the opening session, questioning in the middle of teaching, prompting the questions, probing the question, and gave reinforcement to the students. The research finding indicated the positive effects of questioning strategies which were applied by the teachers toward EFL Classroom. It was proved by the students’ participation in learning. Moreover, it was shown by the observation sheets that the teacher and all students did a good interaction teaching-learning process.
 
 
 

A STUDY ON INDONESIAN TEACHERS’ USE OF TECHNOLOGY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

Since 1960, technology has been used as one of educational tools to help teachers in teaching learning process. In the context of foreign language teaching, technology is utilized for various reasons and purposes. A questionnaire was distributed to 150 English as foreign Language (EFL) teachers in West Java to investigate the use of technology in their EFL classroom. Specifically, this paper reports the type of technology which teachers usually use in teaching English and also elaborate the reasons why teachers apply technology in their classrooms. Finally, this paper explores teachers’ attitudes on the use of technology in language teaching.

The Effectiveness of Using Films in the EFL Classroom: A Case Study Conducted at an International University in Thailand

Films have always been seen as an entertainment and its power since birth has had strong impact on people’s lives. Today, films are no longer thought of as simple entertainment media but rather educational tools as well. Globalization has contributed greatly to the availability of English-language films and that enriches the source of English learning material dramatically. This research paper explores the effect of using English films in English as foreign language (EFL) classroom. It reveals the effect on developing students’ motivation, comprehension as well as communication skills. The study was carried out on a sample of two groups: an experimental group using films alongside their course book and a control group taught in a conventional way. The participants were classified as pre-intermediate level. The findings of this study have shown that those in the experimental group significantly outperformed their control group counterpart in terms of motivation and language production. Also, this study offers pedagogical implications for EFL teachers to use films in their classrooms to enhance students’ listening and speaking skills which as a result improved students’ learning.

Textbook evaluation on Everyday English for Hospitality Professionals and English for Work in EFL Classroom

Textbook plays important role in teaching English. Yet, not all textbook is appropriately meet to the students’ needs and knowledge level. The material for EFL is totally different to Native speaker of English. One of the ways matching students’ needs and textbook is by doing textbook evaluation. This research is aimed at discussing textbooks that are used by the teacher in English Foreign Language (EFL). The textbooks that have been chosen are English for Everyday English for Hospitality Professionals by Lawrence, J. Zwier and Nigel Caplan (2007) and English for Work (2003) by Ian Badger. Both of them are ESP textbooks where they are taught in a foreign language class. The purpose of this research is to know how much Everyday English for Hospitality Professionals and English for Work textbook used in college meets the criteria of good EFL textbook. The research design is a descriptive-evaluative. The procedure of analyzing the data starts by analyzing the data based on EFL evaluation criteria, then finding out how much each items meet the criteria of good EFL textbook and concluding the result. The research result revealed that most parts of the textbooks are appropriately met to the students’ needs. Most of the material stated inside of the textbooks covered students’ knowledge level and relevant for the field of study. 
 Keywords: evaluation, foreign learner class, textbooks

College English Language Teaching Reform and EFL Lecturers' Teaching Practice: A Case Study in China

The rapid expansion and development of newly-upgraded undergraduate colleges and universities across China witnessed a corresponding demand for the teaching and learning of English as Foreign Language (EFL). Accordingly, the Ministry of Education of China implemented the College English Language Teaching Reform (CELTR) to improve the teaching and learning of English language at higher institutions in China. The aim of this paper was to investigate EFL lecturers' perspectives of the CELTR and to what extent the CELTR had enhanced the EFL lecturers' teaching practice, which on converse influenced the effect and implementation of the CELTR. The study involved a total of 92 EFL lecturers from a newly-upgraded university located in Nanyang City in China. Data for the study were collected by using a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with eight EFL lecturers adopting purposive sampling. The findings indicated that on the whole the EFL lecturers had moderate level of understanding and knowledge of the CELTR, and the lecturers' teaching practice had been satisfactorily enhanced due to the implementation of the CELTR. The college EFL lecturers considered and constantly adjusted their teaching contents, modes, methods and strategies to meet the students' specific needs better, and they tried to motivate the students' interests and participation in the EFL classroom teaching.