Engine Weight Research Articles

CALCULATION OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE ROPE-PULLEY DRIVE OF A DOWNHOLE ROD PUMPING UNIT

The goal of minimizing oil production costs is becoming increasingly crucial in current oil production settings, particularly during the operation of oil fields in the final phases of development and the ever-expanding commissioning of difficult-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves. Oil production practice has shown, lengthening the length of the steel pumping plant's loop needs a lower frequency of rolling, which extends the life of the well equipment and enhances pumping installation performance. The engine's weight and cost increase as the drive lengthens. The necessary characteristics made it impossible to build long-stroke balancing drives. One of the ways to solve this problem is the use of long-stroke unbalanced sucker-rod pump drives as part of pumping units, which will significantly reduce energy consumption for oil production and, accordingly, reduce the cost. The presented article shows the prospects of using unbalanced drives of sucker-rod pumping units in the operation of wells by mechanized method. The kinematic-power diagram of the drive of the downhole rod pumping unit is shown. A method for calculating the acting forces is given. To calculate the strength of the structure being developed, it is important to determine the change in the force acting on the suspension point of the rods. In order to carry out repair work, the goal was set to further improve the unbalanced drive WRPU (well rod pump unit). For this, a scheme was proposed for changing the fixed guide pulley to a movable one, installed on the base with the possibility of its rotation. The proposed design of the rotary pulley makes it possible to free up space above the wellhead. Keywords: unbalanced drive, long stroke, swivel pulley, beamless drive of pumping unit, rod suspension point, crank-pulley converting mechanism.

Designing and Fabricating a Vortex Aerospike Rocket Engine

On average, 51% of a rocket engine’s weight is in the cooling system, so finding anengine design that would drastically reduce the engine's weight, complexity, and production costwould be extremely beneficial. Small one-stage rockets will be the main method for smallerorganizations to reach orbit shortly. The engine must be efficient at sea level and in space toachieve this. Since the start of spaceflight in the 1960s, many innovations on the typical rocketengine have been theorized, but few have been adopted. This project takes two innovationspreviously theorized and tested, vortex cooling and aerospike nozzle, and combines them in aproof of concept prototype. First, the prototype was designed in Computer-Aided-Design andthen validated in a Compusonal-Fluid-Dynamic simulation. Next, the design was fabricated outof mostly hardware store materials. The custom nozzle design was made throughlost-PLA-casting. Many tests were conducted with this prototype, and 4 data points werecollected: nozzle temperature, combustion chamber temperature, chamber pressure, and thrust.The data collected showed the success of the vortex cooling method, as the chamber temperaturewas much cooler than the nozzle temperature. The engine's success as a whole was validated bythe thrust data. This project shows that a vortex aerospike design is a viable and useful idea. Afunctioning rocket engine can be created relatively inexpensively and with widely available partsand proves that departing from typical rocket engine design can lead to beneficial findings.

A new algorithm for reducing the workload of experts in performing systematic reviews

To determine whether a factorized version of the complement naïve Bayes (FCNB) classifier can reduce the time spent by experts reviewing journal articles for inclusion in systematic reviews of drug class efficacy for disease treatment. The proposed classifier was evaluated on a test collection built from 15 systematic drug class reviews used in previous work. The FCNB classifier was constructed to classify each article as containing high-quality, drug class-specific evidence or not. Weight engineering (WE) techniques were added to reduce underestimation for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)-based and Publication Type (PubType)-based features. Cross-validation experiments were performed to evaluate the classifier's parameters and performance. Work saved over sampling (WSS) at no less than a 95% recall was used as the main measure of performance. The minimum workload reduction for a systematic review for one topic, achieved with a FCNB/WE classifier, was 8.5%; the maximum was 62.2% and the average over the 15 topics was 33.5%. This is 15.0% higher than the average workload reduction obtained using a voting perceptron-based automated citation classification system. The FCNB/WE classifier is simple, easy to implement, and produces significantly better results in reducing the workload than previously achieved. The results support it being a useful algorithm for machine-learning-based automation of systematic reviews of drug class efficacy for disease treatment.