Engine Speed Sensor Research Articles

Novel approaches for quickly measuring engine speed applied to gasoline engine diagnostics

The parameter of engine speed plays an important role to recognize the engine's condition while working. By using this parameter, it is possible to diagnose engine's malfunctions. In this study, in case of the gasoline engine, we introduce two efficient methods for measuring the engine speed without extracting electrical signals from conventional engine speed sensors. For the first approach, based on the signal pin of the sensor, the engine speed was determined from the frequency of manifold absolute pressure. For the second approach, the frequency of the voltage drop measured at the battery positive terminal caused by ignition operation is the key to calculate the engine speed. The noise filter circuits and the amplifier circuits are used to refine signal, Besides, a Schmitt Trigger circuit using a NE555 timer IC was designed to reshape the oscillation signal from either of these sources into a square wave of which frequency was measured and converted to the engine speed by a microprocessor and display the result on the LCD screen.Compared to engine speed measured by a conventional inductive sensor, the proposed methods provide a competitive result with fast response. The second approach was highly promising due to its simplicity involving in direct voltage measurement at the battery positive terminal.

Fault Diagnosis of Tractor Start System Based on Structural Analysis Method

In order to achieve accurate positioning of the electrical failure of the tractor starting system, this paper designs a fault diagnosis system based on structural analysis. Firstly, through the analysis of the traction battery and the starting motor, this paper selects four key faults: battery resistance fault, motor armature resistance fault, motor armature fault and motor joint fault, and establishes the electrical fault model of the tractor starting system. Secondly, this paper divides the variables in the fault model into known variables, unknown variables and fault variables. Then the MATLAB dmperm command is used to analyze the observability and isolation of the unknown variables. We find that we can detecte and isolate four faults by adding a voltage sensor based on the original engine speed sensor. Then select three equation sets as the test set in all the structural minimum set of over-determined equations (MSO sets), and design the residual value of each test set as the observer of the system. The faults detected by different observers are different, but 3 observers can detect 4 faults. Finally, we design the diagnostic strategy of the system: we select [-1,1] as the feasible domain of the observation. If the value of the observer exceeds the feasible domain, the fault characteristic parameter is 1, otherwise it is 0. The fault feature vector is composed of three fault characteristic parameters and used as system fault judgment. In order to verify the correctness of the diagnostic system design, we use MATLAB to build the system simulation platform, which generated 4 faults in 3s-4s, 6s-7s, 9s-10s, 12s-13s respectively. The simulation results show that the results of the three observers are in line with the pre-test. It is determined that the fault feature vector can accurately locate the critical fault. This also shows the advantage of structural analysis for the electrical fault diagnosis of tractor starting systems, which can accurately locate system faults with only a small number of sensors.

Design and Research of a Aero Engine Operating Status Monitoring System

A system for monitoring aero engine speed and discrete operating status signals from the engine is proposed in this paper. The system is mainly composed of MCU technology, sensor signal processing technology and serial communication technology, etc, which is used to monitor engine speed and discrete operating status signals from the engine. The system implements the following functions. On the one hand, the DC voltage signal outputted from the engine speed sensor and the DC voltage signal of the discrete working state of the engine output are collected, and the above information are processed and converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the master computer to obtain the data of engine speed and operating status; On the other hand, the output current signal is used to output a discrete alarm signal according to the detected signal. Aero engine operating status monitoring system has been tested and all parameters are in accordance with relevant regulations.

Development of a Torsiometer for On-board Application

Modern combustion control strategies require accurate combustion control to meet the requirements for pollutant emissions reduction. Optimal combustion control can be achieved through a closed-loop control based on indicated quantities, such as engine torque and center of combustion, which can be directly calculated through a proper processing of in-cylinder pressure trace. However, on-board installation of in-cylinder pressure sensors is uncommon, mainly because it causes a significant increase in the cost of the whole engine management system.In order to overcome the problems related to the on-board installation of cylinder pressure sensors, this work presents a remote combustion sensing methodology based on the simultaneous processing of two crankshaft speed signals. To maximize the signal-to-noise ratio, each speed measurement has been performed at opposed ends of the crankshaft, i.e. in correspondence of flywheel and distribution wheel. Since an engine speed sensor, usually faced to the flywheel, is already present on-board for other control purposes, the presented approach requires that an additional speed sensor is installed. Proper processing of the signals coming from the installed speed sensors allows extracting information about crankshaft's torsional behavior. Then, the calculated instantaneous crankshaft torsion can be used to real-time estimate both torque delivered by the engine and combustion phasing within the cycle.The presented methodology has been developed and validated using a light-duty L4 Common-Rail Diesel engine mounted in a test cell at University of Bologna. However, the discussed approach is general, and can be applied to engines with a different number of cylinders, both CI and SI.

The Research on Electronic Smart Clutch Operating System

Today, the sensors are used in the different fields, especially in the automobiles and Aeronautics and Astronautics industry. Speed sensor in the car is very useful . The engine speed sensor and speed sensor are used to collect the movement of the car, which Can intelligently judge drivers true intentions of the operation, in accordance with a set of systems, intelligently solve the problem that driver can not reasonably Use the clutch. Through intelligent systems, controlling the clutch can effectively reduce the fuel consumption of the car.The system enables more intelligent operation of the vehicle, improved shift quality of the car, to improve vehicle handling and stability. Operating system with high intelligent and saving fuel is easy to operate. The operating system can effectively prevent the occurrence of car flameout. The operating system can adapt to all kinds of driver to use, especially for beginners and handicapped people to bring the gospel.

Computerized diagnostic for the fuel injection control system

The purpose of the study is to carry out the experimental tests for the propulsion unit of the selected passenger car i.e. Skoda Felicia 1.3 MPI provided with Simos 2P system (manufactured by Siemens). The tests were carried out by means of an appropriate measuring equipment, among others AOC1K oscilloscope (digital recorder integrated with PC by means of RS232 interface) and a personal computer. The measurements of signals on the contacts of the electronic control device encompass the measuring procedures for individual signals, in accordance with the contact symbols: the camshaft position sensor, the engine speed sensor, the lambda probe, the pressure sensor, the throttle position sensor, the idle speed control actuator, the knock sensor. In some cases it is impossible to confirm the standard codes by the execution of diagnostic tests of the modern control system of ZI combustion engine, using the Simos 2P system.

Backlash Estimation With Application to Automotive Powertrains

In automotive powertrains, backlash imposes well-known limitations on the quality of control and, hence, on vehicle driveability. High-performance controllers for backlash compensation require high-quality measurements of the current state of the powertrain. Information about the size of the backlash is also needed. In this paper, nonlinear estimators for backlash size and state are developed, using the Kalman filtering theory. A linear estimator for fast and accurate estimation of the angular position of a wheel and the engine is also described. It utilizes standard engine speed sensors and the antilock brake system speed sensors and event-based sampling at each pulse from these sensors. The estimators are validated through experiments on a real vehicle and the results show that the estimates are of high quality, and hence, useful for improving backlash compensation functions in the powertrain control system

A METHODOLOGY FOR MEASURING THE EFFECTS OF TRANSIENT LOADS ON THE FUEL EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS

Fuel efficiency is an important characteristic of a vehicles engine. Improved fuel efficiency will result in bothenvironmental and economic benefits. In spite of the fact that the content of transient load components is extensive in manynormal driving operations, measurements of fuel efficiency for agricultural tractor engines are normally carried out insteadystate conditions, i.e. at constant engine speed and loading torque. This article presents a methodology for estimatingthe effects of transient load components on the fuel efficiency of agricultural tractor engines. One application of the methodis quantifying the effects of transient loads, to evaluate the accuracy of fuel efficiency and engine emission tests based onsteadystate conditions. Another area of use may be in work to improve the engine and drive train characteristics with theaim of minimizing the transient effects.<br><br>Measurement equipment includes strain gauge transducers, fuel consumption and engine speed sensors. The equipmentalso measures the fuel consumption and the engine speed. The results of measurements performed to test the methodologyshow that the transient parts of the load at the engine have important effects on the fuel efficiency. The decrease in fuelefficiency relative to steadystate based calculations was approximately 13% for a normal front end loading operation and7% when driving on the farm without any implement attached. The tractor tested was supplied with a turbocharged enginewith special equipment to reduce the smoke produced at sudden load changes, and the effects on fuel efficiency would probablybe even greater if engines without this device were tested.

Inservice compensation of sensor wheel tolerance

Engine speed is an indispensable input parameter for the electronic control unit of an internal combustion engine. Measurement of the engine speed is carried out by sensor wheels mounted on the crankshaft. In particular, geometric tolerances of the engine speed sensor wheel cause systematic deviations that reduce the quality of engine speed sensing. This article by the Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr GmbH (IAV), the Fraunhofer-Institut fur Informationsund Datenverarbeitung (IITB) and the Audi AG presents two procedures that allow the determination and in-service compensation of sensor wheel tolerances.

Vehicle vibration control system

The vehicle vibration control system comprises at least two spring constant adjustable engine mounting devices, an engine speed sensor, an engine vibration load sensor, and a controller. The controller controllably adjusts the dynamic spring constants of the engine mounting devices with reference to a stored table and on the basis of detected engine speed and engine load, to cancel vibration transmitted from an engine to the vehicle body via the two engine mounting devices. In the table, theoretically optimum load ratios and phase differences between the two engine mounting devices are listed on the basis of empirical transfer functions between the engine mounting devices and the vehicle body.