Energy Storage Pulsed Power Generator Research Articles

Development of an inductive energy storage pulsed power supply using SiC semiconductor devices for ozone production by streamer discharges

An inductive energy storage (IES) pulsed power generator driven by a silicon carbide metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (SiC-MOSFET) with a blocking voltage of 1.2 kV was developed. The IES pulsed power generator consists of a capacitor, a pulsed transformer and the SiC-MOSFET used as an opening switch. The influence of the turn ratio of the pulsed transformer on the output voltage was evaluated. The output voltage amplitude increased with increasing secondary turn ratio. Under the conditions of no load, a peak output voltage of 13 kV and a pulse width of 120 ns were obtained with a voltage across the drain–source terminals of the MOSFET of 1 kV. The peak voltage increased, and the peak current and pulse width decreased, with increasing load resistance and decreased capacitance. The maximum energy transfer efficiency was obtained at 500 Ω and was approximately 56%.

Development of compact inductive energy storage pulsed-power generator driven by 13 kV SiC-MOSFET.

A compact inductive energy storage (IES) pulsed-power generator that is driven by a novel 13 kV silicon carbide (SiC)-MOSFET is developed and molded into a compact modified TO-268. In this article, the switching characteristics required for IES pulsed-power generator development are evaluated. The maximum slew rates at MOSFET turn-on and turn-off are 157 and 129 kV/μs, respectively, at an input voltage of 10 kV. The maximum current flow from the drain to the source terminal is limited to 128A during short-circuit switching. The on-resistance between the drain and source terminals increases during the SiC-MOSFET's on state. It increases with the voltage and its minimum value is 1.07 Ω. These characteristics show that the device is suitable for use as an opening switch because of its low on-resistance and rapid large-current cutoff at high operating voltages. The characteristics of an IES pulsed-power generator composed of a SiC-MOSFET, a capacitor, and a pulsed transformer with a turn ratio of 5:15 are also evaluated. The output voltage peak and full width at half maximum reach 31.4 kV and 55ns, respectively, at a charging voltage of 1100V. The maximum energy transfer efficiency is 50.2% of the input energy with a load resistance of 2.5 kΩ. The results show that the MOSFET has excellent potential to support the development of a compact plasma generation system that offers better performance pulsed-power generators driven by semiconductor devices.

Electrical Characteristics of 3.3 kV SiC-MOSFET and Development of Inductive Energy Storage Pulsed Power Generator

Electrical Characteristics of 3.3 kV SiC-MOSFET and Development of Inductive Energy Storage Pulsed Power Generator

Energy Efficiency of Corona Discharge Reactor Driven by Inductive Energy Storage System Pulsed Power Generator

Characteristics of a pulse corona reactor driven by an inductive energy storage (IES) pulsed power generator are described in this paper with focusing on the influence of streamer-to-glow transition on NO removal efficiency. A pulsed high voltage with a short rise time of under 30 ns is employed to generate streamer discharges homogeneously in whole the discharge region. Fast recovery diodes are used as semiconductor opening switch (SOS) to shorten the rise time. The various resistors are employed as dummy load to clarify a suitable circuit parameter such as the capacitance of a primary energy storage capacitor and/or the inductance of a secondary energy storage inductor. The energy transfer efficiency of the pulsed power generator has a maximum value of 50% at 714 Omega dummy load resistance. A co-axial cylinder type discharge chamber was used as the corona discharge plasma reactor driven by the IES pulsed power generator. The pulsed power generator supplies 30 kV pulse with 300 pps repetition rate. The co-axial cylinder plasma reactor consists of 1 mm diameter tungsten wire and 19 mm i.d. copper tube with 30 cm length. NO removal from the simulated diesel engine exhaust gas (N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> :O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> =9:1, Initial NO concentration=200 ppm) increased with input energy into the reactor. The energy efficiency for NO removal was obtained to be 25 g/kWh at 30 % removal in gas flow rate of 2 L/min. However, the energy efficiency decreased to 5 g/kWh with increasing capacitance of the primary capacitor from several hundreds pF to several nF. This decrease was caused by a streamer-to-glow transition. The efficiency was affected by oxygen concentration in the gas mixture.

Production of an Atmospheric‐Pressure Glow Discharge Using an Inductive Energy Storage Pulsed Power Generator

AbstractSummary: An atmospheric‐pressure glow discharge has been generated using an inductive energy storage pulsed power generator. A pulsed high voltage with a short rise time of under 30 ns is employed to generate streamer discharges simultaneously at all tips of a needle‐array electrode in nitrogen. The large number of streamer discharges prevent glow‐to‐arc transitions caused by inhomogeneous thermalization. SOS diodes are used as an opening switch to shorten the rise time. Circuit parameters such as the capacitance of a primary energy storage capacitor and/or the inductance of a secondary energy storage inductor are determined by experimental results using dummy resistive loads. The results show that circuit parameters adequate for producing atmospheric glow discharges are different from those for producing corona discharges. The energy transfer efficiency of the pulsed power generator has a maximum value of 75% at 193 Ω dummy load resistance. Voltage‐current characteristics of the glow discharge show two regions: constant voltage (normal glow) and an increasing voltage with discharge current (abnormal glow). The glow current is drastically decreased by eliminating the SOS diodes, in which case the charging voltage is directly applied to the electrode. Spatial‐ and time‐averaged electron densities in a positive column are estimated from calculations based on nitrogen swarm data. The electron density is estimated to be 1.8 × 1011 cm−3, which is much larger than 9.7 × 109 cm−3 in the case without the SOS diodes.Photographs of atmospheric pressure nitrogen glow discharge generated using a needle‐array electrode at a 1.0 cm gap length.imagePhotographs of atmospheric pressure nitrogen glow discharge generated using a needle‐array electrode at a 1.0 cm gap length.

Laser oscillation using an inductive energy storage pulsed-power generator with plasma opening switch

It is believed that an inductive energy storage pulsed-power generator with storage inductor and opening switch realizes a lightweight, compact and high-power laser system. However, the technology for opening high current is rather obscure, so that the opening switch is being developed and there are few applications for using in the generator. The purpose of the research is an extension of the application field of this generator into the laser system whose market is now growing rapidly.Plasma opening switch (POS) is chosen because as reported the highest current can flow through it in many switches and it is possible to open the circuit. At first, in the experiments, a suitable discharge load was made and the practicable supply voltage and the discharge condition were examined. As a result, when the charge voltage on the main capacitance was 15 kV, the maximum supply voltage was 26 kV and the load current was 8 kA.

A TEA-CO2 laser oscillation by an inductive energy storage pulsed-power generator using a wire-fuse opening switch

We have carried out experiments on TEA-CO2 laser oscillation using the inductive energy storage pulsed-power generator, which has a copper wire fuse as an opening switch. Maximum laser output energy of about 1 J/pulse was obtained in the case of a fuse length of 5 cm and energy storage inductance of 8 μH. The laser output energy depends on the energy storage inductance and the parameters of the fuse. In this paper, the dependencies of laser output energy on inductance and fuse length, and a comparison between the inductive and capacitive system were described. Furthermore the laser efficiency was discussed by calculating the electron energy distribution of laser main discharge region. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 132(1): 15–21, 2000

Gas-Puff Z-Pinch Plasmas Driven by Inductive Energy Storage Pulsed Power Generator

An inductive energy storage pulsed power generator is used as a power source of gas-puff z-pinch plasmas to investigate the effect of the steepened current rise on the intensity of soft X-rays and the spatial reproducibility of the hot spots. Furthermore, two kinds of electrodes, which are solid and mesh type, are used to investigate the influence of the incident gas distribution on the z-pinch plasmas. In the case of the solid electrode, the axial symmetry of the plasma column during pinching and the spatial reproducibility of the hot spots is improved not only by the steepened current rise but also the induced pulsed voltage. On the other hand, the improvement in the plasma column and the reproducibility due to the inductive pulsed power generator is unclear in the case of mesh electrode. In this experiment, the uniform gas distribution has priority over the current rise time and the induced pulsed voltage.

ワイヤヒューズオープニングスイッチを用いた誘導性エネルギ-蓄積方式パルスパワ-発生装置によるTEA-CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;レーザの発振

We have carried out the experiments on TEA-CO2 laser oscillation using the inductive energy storage pulsed-power generator, which has an copper wire fuse as an opening switch. Maximum laser output energy of about 1J/pulse was obtained in case of fuse length of 5cm and energy storage inductance of 8μH. The laser output energy depends on the energy storage inductance and the parameters of the fuse. In this paper, the dependencies of laser output energy on inductance and fuse length, and the comparison between the inductive and capacitive system were described. Furthermore the laser efficiency was discussed by calculating the electron energy distribution of laser main discharge region.

誘導型パルスパワー電源を用いたNO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;除去

The discharge using pulse power with a short pulse width can produce a lot of electrons with high energy. This method has a possibility to remove poisonous gases with low energy consumption. In this paper, the inductive energy storage pulsed power generator, which can generate narrow and high voltage pulses (FWHM less than 100ns, output voltage of about 100kV), is used to remove NOx gas. It is found from spectrum measurement that this generator can produce high energy electrons, more than 10eV, in the discharge region at atmospherics pressure. The mixed gases of NO and N2 are used as a trial gas. The NO removal ratio of about 95% is achieved without producing NO2. These chemical phenomena are approximately explained by solving rate equations.

Plasma erosion opening switch using laser-produced plasma

In order to construct a practical inductive energy storage pulsed power generator, an opening switch which can repeatedly conduct a large current and then rapidly interrupt this current is necessary. Though the plasma erosion opening switch (PEOS) can interrupt a large current rapidly, the effective number of switch operations is limited because of the decrease of the carbon sprayed on the insulator with each shot. A PEOS using a laser-produced plasma, which can possibly be operated for hundreds of thousands of shots without maintenance, is proposed, and its operation as an opening switch is confirmed experimentally.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>