Analysis Of Energy Saving Potential Research Articles

A systematic analysis of energy-saving potential of spectrum-selective radiative cooling materials in buildings

Passive cooling of buildings through radiative cooling (RC) is considered an effective method for reducing the energy consumption of air conditioning. In recent years, spectrum-selective RC materials (RCMs) have received extensive attention owing to their low solar absorptivity and high thermal emissivity in the atmospheric window. The energy-saving performance of RCMs is related to their own properties and local meteorological conditions, building type, building form, and energy use patterns. Although several studies have explored the performance of RCMs, most existing studies have considered a single building type and meteorological condition, and simple building forms that differ significantly from real buildings. Hence, the application analyses of RCMs to buildings are not sufficiently comprehensive. This study focused on the energy-saving potential of RCMs for building applications, and presented a systematic framework to analyze the energy-saving potential of RCMs under different conditions. DeST, which is embedded with a long-wave radiative heat transfer calculation module based on the equivalent sky temperature, was adopted as the simulation software. It can accurately calculate the radiative heat transfer in different wavelength bands, thus making the simulation results more accurate. Based on the calculation results of large-scale cases considering four major factors, namely climate, building type, construction year, and installation location of RCMs, the energy-saving performance of RCMs in different cases was analyzed, and the return on investment is performed, and more comprehensive suggestions were provided for applying RCMs in future buildings.

Dynamic thermal performance and energy-saving potential analysis of a modular pipe-embedded building envelope integrated with thermal diffusive materials

Dynamic thermal performance and energy-saving potential analysis of a modular pipe-embedded building envelope integrated with thermal diffusive materials

Energy-saving potential analysis of a CO2 two-phase thermosyphon loop system used in data centers

Energy-saving potential analysis of a CO2 two-phase thermosyphon loop system used in data centers

Energy-saving potential analysis for a 24-hour operating chiller plant using the model-based global optimization method

Various studies have been conducted to develop energy efficient measures for chiller plants. In these studies, much attention has been paid to equipment retrofits and various optimal operation strategies, while some measures may interfere with building normal use, like conflicting with the factory's 24-hour production schedule. How much energy saving potential could be obtained from non-interfere measures remains unknown. Therefore, a full-performance simulation chiller plant model was first built based on the Modelica language and then hierarchically calibrated using measured data. Subsequently, the optimization variables were selected based on three principles proposed in this study. An optimization framework based on GenOpt-Dymola was established for the holistic optimization problem, and a chiller plant located in Shanghai, China was used to investigate the energy-saving potential. The results showed that the average global energy-saving rate of the chiller plant reached 8.5% just by optimizing the setpoints in the original control strategy. The largest contribution to energy savings came from the water pumps, which benefited from lowering the chilled water supply temperature, although this reduced the chiller efficiency. Overall, this work can help engineers select appropriate optimization variables that can be easily deployed and can achieve significant energy savings.

Feasibility analysis of energy-saving potential of the underground ice rink using spectrum splitting sunshade technology

The original intention of skylights for underground ice rinks is to introduce natural light, but incoming solar radiation also affects the ice quality and ice-making energy consumption. As public sports and fitness venues of “Ice Cube”, sustainable operation of the underground ice rink with transparent skylights, has attracted much attention of architectural designers. To reduce the energy consumption without affecting indoor natural lighting, the heat transfer process of a skylight is discussed and modeled, and an advanced sunshade technology using Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO) nanofluids is proposed to filter UV/NIR and reserve visible light for indoor natural lighting. Meanwhile, two factors’ effects, including outdoor solar irradiation and mass fraction of ATO nanofluids on the energy-saving potential of an underground ice rink, are discussed, and results indicate that spectral energy of UV and NIR decreases by 23.16% and 32.99% respectively, with 20 ppm ATO nanofluids, but the energy during visible light region only reduces by 11.56%. Additionally, a high mass fraction lowers indoor solar radiation but also lifts artificial lighting energy consumption, and the mass fraction of 200 ppm is recommended as the optimal mass fraction with annual total energy consumption of 392 GJ.

Numerical heat transfer modeling and climate adaptation analysis of vacuum-photovoltaic glazing

Vacuum-photovoltaic (VPV) glazing has attracted much attention due to its excellent thermal insulation performance and its ability to utilize solar energy. However, few simulation models have been established based on actual products and rarely have been validated by experiments. In this paper, a four-layer CdTe-based VPV glazing was developed and the corresponding numerical heat transfer model was established with the integration of a dynamic power generation model. The numerical model was then validated against both the results from the WINDOW program and a guarded hot box experiment. Afterward, the validated model was employed to analyze the energy and power generation performance of the VPV glazing in diverse climate zones in China with Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, Guangzhou, and Kunming used as representative cities. The numerical simulation results indicate that the U-value of the proposed VPV glazing is 0.89 W/(m2⋅K), which is in good agreement with the experimental results. Compared with a normal double glazing, the average energy reductions achieved with VPV glazing in air conditioning seasons are 128 kWh/m2, 23 kWh/m2, 45 kWh/m2, and 52 kWh/m2 in Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, and Guangzhou, respectively. In addition, the average annual power outputs of VPV glazing in Harbin, Beijing, Changsha, Guangzhou, and Kunming are 47 kWh/m2, 48 kWh/m2, 34 kWh/m2, 36 kWh/m2, and 45 kWh/m2, respectively. The numerical model developed in this study can be used for energy-saving potential analysis and optimization of VPV glazing in different meteorological conditions, the results of which could provide guidance for the effective application of VPV glazing.

Systematic Method for the Energy-Saving Potential Calculation of Air-Conditioning Systems via Data Mining. Part I: Methodology

Air-conditioning systems contribute the most to energy consumption among building equipment. Hence, energy saving for air-conditioning systems would be the essence of reducing building energy consumption. The conventional energy-saving diagnosis method through observation, test, and identification (OTI) has several drawbacks such as time consumption and narrow focus. To overcome these problems, this study proposed a systematic method for energy-saving diagnosis in air-conditioning systems based on data mining. The method mainly includes seven steps: (1) data collection, (2) data preprocessing, (3) recognition of variable-speed equipment, (4) recognition of system operation mode, (5) regression analysis of energy consumption data, (6) constraints analysis of system running, and (7) energy-saving potential analysis. A case study with a complicated air-conditioning system coupled with an ice storage system demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the traditional OTI method, the data-mining-based method can provide a more comprehensive analysis of energy-saving potential with less time cost, although it strongly relies on data quality in all steps and lacks flexibility for diagnosing specific equipment for energy-saving potential analysis. The results can deepen the understanding of the operating data characteristics of air-conditioning systems.

Prediction of Heating Energy Consumption and Analysis of Energy Saving Potential in Northern Urban Areas of China

A classified energy consumption statistics method is established to analyze and predict the future energy consumption of heating in northern China. Firstly, according to the energy intensity and proportion of central heating and decentralized heating, combined with the building area of cities and towns in northern provinces, the heating energy consumption in 2018∼2035 is predicted. Then the energy saving potential of heating is analyzed by the scenario assumption. The results show that controlling energy consumption intensity has obvious energy saving effect on heating in northern towns of China. If the intensity and proportion of heating energy consumption are regulated, the peak of total heating energy consumption in the northern region will appear in 2030, reaching 265 million tce.

Research on Large-Scale Building Energy Efficiency Retrofit Based on Energy Consumption Investigation and Energy-Saving Potential Analysis

AbstractAs building energy consumption continues to grow, large-scale building energy efficiency retrofit (LSBEER) has become a trend in China, especially in existing commercial districts (ECDs). I...

Analysis of Energy Saving Potential of Combined Thermal Solar Power and Micro Scale Gasification Systems

Analysis of Energy Saving Potential of Combined Thermal Solar Power and Micro Scale Gasification Systems

Energy consumption and energy-saving potential analysis of pollutant abatement systems in a 1000-MW coal-fired power plant

ABSTRACTPollutant abatement systems are widely applied in the coal-fired power sector, and the energy consumption is considered an important part of the auxiliary power. An energy consumption analysis and assessment model of pollutant abatement systems in a power unit was developed based on the dynamic parameters and technology. The energy consumption of pollutant abatement systems in a 1000-MW coal-fired power unit that meets the ultra-low emission limits and the factors of operating parameters, including unit load and inlet concentration of pollutants, on the operating power were analyzed. The results show that the total power consumption of the pollutant abatement systems accounted for 1.27% of the gross power generation during the monitoring period. The wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system consumed 67% of the rate, whereas the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and electrostatic precipitator (ESP) systems consumed 8.9% and 24.1%, respectively. The power consumption rate of pollutant abatement systems decreased with the increase of unit load and increased with the increase of the inlet concentration of pollutants. The operation adjustment was also an effective method to increase the energy efficiency. For example, the operation adjustment of slurry circulation pumps could promote the energy-saving operation of the WFGD system.Implications: The application of pollutant abatement technologies increases the internal energy consumption of the power plant, which will lead to an increase of power generation costs. The real-time energy consumption of the different pollutant abatement systems in a typical power unit is analyzed based on the dynamic operating data. Further, the influence of different operating parameters on the operating power of the system and the possible energy-saving potential are analyzed.

Analysis of Energy Saving Potential in High-Performance Building Technologies under Korean Climatic Conditions

This study aims to suggest a basis for the selection of technologies for developing high-performance buildings to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Energy-saving technologies comprising 15 cases were categorized into passive, active, and renewable energy systems. EnergyPlus v8.8.0 was used to analyze the contribution of each technology in reducing the primary energy consumptions and CO2 emissions in the Korean climate. The primary energy consumptions of the base model were 464.1 and 485.1 kWh/m²a in the Incheon and Jeju region, respectively, and the CO2 emissions were 83.4 and 87.4 kgCO2/m²a, respectively. Each technology (cases 1–15) provided different energy-saving contributions in the Korean climate depending on their characteristics. The heating, cooling, and other energy-saving contributions of each technology indicate that their saving rates can be used when selecting suitable technologies during the cooling and heating seasons. Case 15 (active chilled beam with dedicated outdoor air system + ground source heat pump) showed the highest energy saving rate. In case 15, the Incheon and Jeju models were reduced by 189.4 (59.2%) and 206.2 kWh/m²a (57.4%) compared to the base case, respectively, and the CO2 emissions were reduced by up to 32.7 (60.8%) and 35.6 kgCO2/m²a (59.3%), respectively.

Control Performance and Energy-saving Potential Analysis of a Hydraulic Hybrid Luffing System for a Bergepanzer

Due to the multiple types of support tasks and high energy efficiency equipment, energy saving research in a Bergepanzer has attracted much attention in recent years. In this paper, the energy consumption of the valve-controlled hydraulic luffing system (VHLS) of a Bergepanzer has been analyzed with the help of simulation and experiment, including the main reasons for low efficiency. In addition, a new hydraulic hybrid luffing system (NHLS) based on CPR, was designed. The structure and the working principle of the NHLS were analyzed. Furthermore, a hybrid control method, which combined the switching preset control angle based upon the input signal and pressure feedback and Fuzzy PID control was put forward for the NHLS. The commercially available software, Simulink, was used to carry out the simulation of the energy consumption of NHLS. Finally, the energy transfer efficiency of the system, and the energy transfer efficiency of the VHLS and NHLS systems were compared. The results showed that the NHLS exhibited good control, while the NHLS could significantly reduce the system’s energy consumption and increase its energy utilization rate.

Energy-saving potential analysis and assessment on land transport of Taiwan

Among the various research institutes in Taiwan, the overall transportation energy consumptions and energy saving statistics are quite in the lack. This study first of all collects the transportation data from Statistics Department and Institute of Transportation of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications for the purpose of application research. Meanwhile, energy consumption factors are retrieved from the Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economy and relevant papers; thereby, the energy consumptions of passenger and freight vehicles are analyzed statistically. Furthermore, the total energy consumption of current transportation is calculated. The calculation results show that the transportation capacity and energy intensity of passenger cars are the largest ones in the all land vehicles. Therefore, the passenger cars have the greatest potential for energy saving. Finally, this study sums up the implementation of energy-saving strategies, including the application of BAT (Best Available Technologies) and the augment of public transportation infrastructure. Through scenario analysis, the results of this study show that the national GHG abatement goal in 2025 (i.e., 5.2Mt-CO2e) is fulfilled. Wherein, the energy-saving is 2931 MKLOE with reduction rate of 27%, or 2.43% in national scale, while the equivalence of GHG abatement is 5.91Mt-CO2e, or 2.40% in national scale.

A non-equal fragment model of a water-wall in a supercritical boiler

In this paper, a non-equal fragment model is developed to investigate the heat and mass transfer of a water-wall in a supercritical boiler. In this model, the water-wall has been divided into several fragments and has been coupled with a boiler furnace model, which is divided into seven compartments based on the position of the burners. The model was validated using data from a 600 MW supercritical boiler in China. The agreement between the calculated response and the operation data is satisfactory. Compared with conventional methods, the non-equal fragment model provides a more reliable heat distribution and a more adaptive response under different burners' conditions. The steam thermodynamic distributions along the vertical direction have been meticulously calculated and will be helpful for the metal temperature prediction, performance estimation and energy-saving potential analysis.

Energy Audits and Energy-Saving Potential Analysis of the Science Building at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University in Suzhou

A building energy audit was developed through a case study on the science building at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU). The annual energy consumption of the building was surveyed over a two year period. The building energy consumption characteristics were displayed and the corresponding energy saving potential was analyzed. Additionally, an energy saving methods is proposed based on the characteristics of the target building.

Dryer Section Energy System Measurement and Energy-Saving Potential Analysis for a Paper Machine

In this paper, a detailed dryer section audit was conducted on a paper machine to evaluate its energy performance. The methodology and instruments used for field measurements are introduced as an important part of dryer audit. The deficiency points which limit drying performance of the paper machine are identified based on the tested data. It was found that significant energy savings can be achieved in the studied paper machine.

A Novel Solution for Energy-Saving Potential Analysis in Continuous Production Industry

Nowadays to save consumption energy with the expected production output is well-known as one of necessary methods to lower the production cost in continuous manufacture industry. Systemic and fine management is changing into a new mode with the less and less energy-saving space relying on the traditional production device optimization for energy-saving can be reached. Energy-saving potential analysis acts a precondition to find the possible energy-saving space in the current production system of a continuous production factory or a company. And it is a challenge for the current factories to analyze the energy-saving potential just based on the information running of the different devices in a continuous production line without a feasible technical solution. Therefore, this paper analyzes the current main application systems in the view of informationization, and then proposes a generalized technical solution for energy-saving potential analysis in continuous production industry.