Energy Metering Device Research Articles

Analysis of Influence of Wiring Error on Electric Energy Metering Device and Preventive Measures

Electric energy metering device is the key to ensure the economic interests of power supply enterprises and users and the safety of electricity. Wiring errors are the main causes of electric energy metering distortion and power line failure. Five types of wiring errors of electric energy metering devices and their possible effects are described and sorted out, and the corresponding detection methods for software and hardware wiring errors are introduced. Based on the actual application of the electric energy metering device, the corresponding preventive measures are put forward, in order to provide some reference for solving the problem of wiring errors in the metering system of the electric energy metering device and ensuring the safety of electricity use.

High-precision substation electric energy metering device based on an adaptive algorithm

Abstract With the rapid development of science and technology, the structure of new power systems continues to advance, and the requirements for the digitalization and intelligence of power network operation equipment continue to improve. The use of electricity is increasing year by year, and the importance of using a variety of technologies to improve the accuracy of energy metering devices is becoming increasingly prominent. In this paper, a design scheme of a high-precision energy metering device based on an adaptive algorithm is proposed based on the in-depth study of many kinds of current energy metering terminals, in combination with the current detection technology and embedded technology. By improving the accuracy of the electric meter, the accurate measurement of electric energy can be achieved, and the operation ability of the power grid can be improved.

Features and subjects of the contract for the supply of electricity to the consumer

In this study, the author examines in detail one of the types of sales contract - the energy supply contract, which in the late 20th - early 21st centuries is a necessary element of the life of society, a mandatory condition for the development of the economy, since the supply of energy resources to one degree or another requires all physical and entities. Over the past ten years, Ukrainian civil legislation, which regulates contractual relations, in particular relations in the field of energy supply, has radically changed. In the Civil Code of Ukraine, a whole group of articles regulating relations related to the conclusion, execution and termination of contracts in the field of energy supply appeared. The legal norms governing the relationship between electricity suppliers and its consumers have undergone radical changes. The relationship between the owner of energy and the organizations that transport it (electricity and heat networks) is being built in a fundamentally new way. Today, the question of whether energy is a thing and whether it can be the object of property rights is problematic and debatable. To what type is the contract according to which the power plant (as a supplier) undertakes to provide the consumer with electric energy? Can such an activity be considered contractual, since the power plant undertakes to carry out the work, the necessary delivery of energy to the consumer, or is it still another activity? In the article, the author considered the rules for concluding an energy supply contract and the features of a universal service provider. Particular attention is paid to the supplier of the «Last Event», the powers and duties of such an entity are disclosed. The author concludes that the contract for the supply of electric energy to the consumer can be considered both as a public contract and as a connection contract. The basic requirements for the electricity supplier from the consumer, the legality of its activity, the possibility of switching to a new supplier are indicated. Special features of the energy supply contract include: provision of energy through the connected network; availability of consumer energy metering devices; the right of the counterparty (energy supply organization) under the energy supply contract to supervise the technical condition of the consumer’s current receivers in order to ensure safety and reliable energy supply.

Application of Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Algorithm in Operation Quality Evaluation of Electric Energy Metering Device in Electric Power Company

Application of Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Algorithm in Operation Quality Evaluation of Electric Energy Metering Device in Electric Power Company

Research on Intelligent Verification System of High Voltage Electric Energy Metering Device Based on Power Cloud

To address the issues of low efficiency, poor security, insufficient compatibility, and difficulties in traceability associated with high-voltage electric energy metering (HVEEM) device verification methods, this paper proposes a design scheme for a remote verification system (RVS) of such devices based on a power cloud platform (PCP). The system adopts the concept of “high-precision local sampling + remote cloud verification” and develops a local acquisition device with compatibility and high precision to achieve fast acquisition of local electrical parameters. The IEC 61850 communication modeling is utilized to establish unified communication standards between the local device and the PCP. The PCP provides two verification methods: physical error verification based on a multi-channel standard and digital verification based on an improved Backpropagation (BP) neural network simulation model. Leveraging the advantages of power cloud technology, the system enables functions such as electrical energy calculation, remote intelligent error verification, cloud storage, condition monitoring, and early warning. Through testing and application, it has been demonstrated that the system achieves an integration accuracy level better than 0.02. It also exhibits good security, compatibility, and traceability of measurement values while attaining a high level of informatization and intelligence. Particularly, the system shows promising prospects for the remote and efficient verification of large-scale and multi-type high-voltage metering devices.

Principles of construction of a multifunctional intelligent electric energy meter with advanced communication and functional capabilities

Objective. Development of principles for the construction of a multifunctional intelligent electric energy meter (MSE) with expanded communication and functional capabilities and the construction of MSE based on them for automated systems of commercial accounting of energy consumption (ASKUE).Method. When developing the principles of the construction of the IEE, an analysis of existing electric energy metering devices was carried out and their main disadvantages were identified, which made it possible to improve the characteristics and expand the functionality of metering devices. The operability of the main components of the IEE is confirmed by the results of mathematical and physical modeling, which showed the possibility of improving the metrological characteristics and technical parameters that determine the quantitative, qualitative and cost characteristics of the devices.Result. The principles of the construction of the IEE have been developed, which makes it possible to create IEE with expanded communication and functional capabilities for the ASUE.Conclusion. Using them in ASCUE posvolit: -to build self-adjusting mesh networks based on them, which can be used in the construction of ASCS with increased survivability; -to ensure the exchange of accounting and service information with the ASKUE over the radio channel, PCL modem and RS-485 (CAN) interface, which increases the reliability of obtaining accounting information and integrate the MISEE into existing ASKUE, because it makes it possible to select the appropriate type of specific ASKUE interface or communication interfaces "counter-ASKUE";- regulate energy consumption and independent disconnection of the consumer from the network for each subscriber unit (separately for each subscriber) in case of arrears of payments, network overload and unauthorized access to the nodes and blocks of the meter in various ways;- to improve the operating conditions of the meter when organizing electronic payments and increasing the reliability of accounting information due to contactless remote removal of information by means of communication interfaces for each subscriber or by means of an individual remote control (remote control).-to reduce the hardware costs of servicing one subscriber associated with the use of the main units and units of the meter to account for energy consumption for all subscribers, and, as a result, the low cost of electricity metering in recalculation per subscriber.

Data transmission using secure hybrid techniques for smart energy metering devices

Data transfer between components, continuous device monitoring, and other features are possible with an IoT-based energy management system. Due to its lightweight, compact, and expandable characteristics, the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol (MQTT) has recently played an important role in IoT. Since the MQTT protocol cannot provide security between the publishing house and the subscription service, cryptographic techniques can be enforced. This work implements a public-key encryption system-based Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) technique to secure data from Publisher's end to the Subscriber's end. The data from the Raspberry plane is sent to the MQTT publisher with elliptical curve encryption built-in feature. The message/text is converted into cipher text and conveyed through the topic within the MQTT protocol to the subscribed Broker. The subscriber decrypts the cipher text using the elliptical curve cryptography technique with the secret key. This protects data, personal privacy, and safety in a more efficient and convenient way. ECC and MQTT protocols implemented in this work proved to be worthy for both burst mode and continuous data transmissions when compared to the conventional cryptographic techniques.

Application of gradient boosting decision tree algorithm in operation quality evaluation of electric energy metering device in electric power company

Application of gradient boosting decision tree algorithm in operation quality evaluation of electric energy metering device in electric power company

Design and Research of Automatic Error Correction Algorithm for Electric Energy Metering Device

Aiming at the problems of long error correction time and poor correction effect of electric energy metering device, an automatic correction algorithm design of electric energy metering error is proposed. First, the stationary characteristics of the electric energy metering device when errors occur are extracted, and the regular interval of error correction is found. Second, in the regular interval, the average power of the quantization error of the metering device is determined, and the location of the error is found. Finally, the stability is corrected according to the error. According to the interval and error position, an automatic error correction model is constructed, which shortens the error correction time, enhances the automatic error correction of the power calculation device, and realizes the accurate correction of the power calculation error. The comparative experimental results show that the error correction time of the algorithm is short, and it has the ability of real-time error correction, which can be applied in real life.

Prediction Method of Electric Energy Metering Device Based on Software-Defined Networking

The energy storage or management system is becoming more important as electrical energy demand globally grows. In the first step of the energy management plan, energy forecasting is an essential element. Software-defined network (SDN) seeks to change network architecture and processes to be agile and effectively enhance the functionality of fundamental system components such as switches and routers. Predicting electric energy is crucial to support demand-side management in the building business. The total power load of the individual building services systems management is becoming a challenging process to be predicted for buildings with electricity metering systems. Conventional model energy prediction focuses on predictive accuracy, and energy consumption must be predicted according to different conditions to build an efficient system. Novel deep learning-based smart energy metering prediction (DL-SEMP) technique is considered to overthrow such accuracy lack in prediction. Blockchain-based SDN has emerged a new architect for obtaining a distributed network in blockchain technology.

METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF EXPERT STUDIES OF ELECTRICITY MEASURING DEVICES EXPOSED TO THE IMPACT OF RADIO-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

Investigation of the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the operation of electronic metering devices for electricity is one of the demanded areas of forensic electrical engineering expertise. However, the scientific and practical study of this area of forensic research does not coincide with modern requirements. The study of the influence of electromagnetic radiation of the radio frequency range on the operation of electronic metering devices for electricity, as well as the identification of such radiation as accidental or intentionally created for the purpose of unaccounted consumption of electricity, are relevant. The article systematizes the requirements established by regulatory documents for the stability of the operation of metering devices for electricity when exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. The mechanism of the influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on electric energy metering devices and the constructive elements of metering devices sensitive to the effects of such radiation is determined. A list of the necessary initial data for conducting forensic examinations on the determination of the impact of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on the investigated metering device and the tasks of identifying radiofrequency radiation devices as an effect is indicated. Conditions are determined under which the conclusion about interference in the operation of the metering device for the purpose of unaccounted electricity consumption may be categorical. Recommendations have been developed to determine the source of radiofrequency radiation as probable in cases where the source is not provided for instrumental research in expert proceedings to study the interference in the operation of the metering device. A methodology has been developed for conducting forensic examinations on the issues of determining the existence of the impact of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on the investigated metering device for the purpose of unaccounted consumption of electrical energy and the tasks of identifying radiofrequency radiation devices as sources of influence. The developed methodology is recommended for use in forensic practice according to the stages of the study, together with the provisions and generalizations set out in the article. Key words: electric energy metering device, interference in the operation of the metering device, electromagnetic radiation, radiation frequency, electric field, electric field strength, electromagnetic field, Umov-Poynting vector, radiation power, classes of electromagnetic environment.

Boruta-XGBoost Electricity Theft Detection Based on Features of Electric Energy Parameters

Electricity theft detection is critical for the safe and effective development of the electric power system. The existing methods that are used to detect electricity theft rely on historical load data and are considered to have poor timeliness. Their detection results have limited reference to power supply enterprises’ investigation on electricity theft. Therefore, this paper proposes the Boruta-XGBoost power theft detection model based on multiple features of electric energy parameters. The model converts electricity theft detection problem into a multiclass classification problem. First, the features of various electric energy parameters that are collected by the electric energy metering device are used to construct the original dataset. Then, the Boruta algorithm is used to select features and reconstruct the dataset based on the selection results. Finally, the reconstructed dataset is used to train an XGBoost model that can detect the type of electricity theft based on the features of real-time electric energy parameters. In order to verify the effectiveness of the model, a comparative experiment is conducted in this paper. The reconstructed dataset is used to train the following algorithms: LightGBM, CART, SVM, and logistic regression models. The test results show that the Boruta-XGBoost model in this paper has the best effect on electricity theft detection.

State assessment of 750kV electric energy metering device based on grey theory and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

Abstract It is necessary to evaluate the operation state of 750kV electric energy metering device to predict stop loss. On the basis of previous studies, the state indexes and evaluation methods of electric energy metering devices are improved: the quantitative state indexes are described by nonlinear mathematical scoring model, the qualitative state indexes are clustered by grey theory, and the state weight of each index is determined based on the improved analytic hierarchy process, Finally, the state evaluation results are obtained with the help of weighted average model and fuzzy mathematics theory. The improved state evaluation strategy is more perfect and practical, and realizes the all-round supervision of the operation state of the electric energy metering device.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Design of error check model for electric energy metering device based on random forest

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Design of error check model for electric energy metering device based on random forest

Electrical Harmonic Energy Measurement Based on Wavelet Packet Decomposition and Reconstruction Algorithm

In order to study the accurate measurement of electric energy in complexindustrial field, a method of harmonic electric energy measurement basedon wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction algorithm, as well asthe calculation formula of harmonic power and the principle of harmonicelectric energy measurement are proposed. Using db42 wavelet function tocarry out harmonic energy metering simulation analysis, the results showthat: The fundamental frequency of the simulation signal is 50 Hz, two-layerwavelet packet transform is adopted, the simulation input signals within 40fundamental wave cycles are taken, and the sampling frequency fs is 800 Hz.Conclusion: The three-phase harmonic energy metering device based onvirtual instrument technology has realized the measurement of each harmonicactive power and reactive power, and the accuracy reaches 0.2 s.

SPSO-DBN based compensation algorithm for lackness of electric energy metering in micro-grid

Accurate electric energy metering in micro-grid is one of the most urgent problems in the field of electric energy metering. In order to solve the problem that the lackness of electric energy metering can't be accurately calculated with the existing electric energy compensation algorithm when the electric energy metering device is completely faulty, this paper proposes an electric energy compensation algorithm that is limited in micro-grid and is based on standard particle swarm to optimize the deep belief network. Taking the historical electric energy data of each micro source metering point in micro-grid as an example, it is divided into the training set and the test set, the standard particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal learning layers and learning rate of deep belief network, and the electric energy algorithm model is established. The model verification results show that the proposed algorithm is nearly five times lower than the algorithm based on deep belief network solely. Further engineering case comparison shows that lackness of electric energy metering compensated by the algorithm studied in the paper is closer to the theoretical value, and the error is also less than the traditional average electricity algorithm. The real-time power curve is closer to the theoretical value, and has the higher accuracy.

How to Check and Accept the Electric Energy Metering Device of Intelligent Substation

How to Check and Accept the Electric Energy Metering Device of Intelligent Substation

Research on Lean Operation and Maintenance Technology of Intelligent Electric Energy Meter Based on Artificial Intelligence

The existing power metering device does not realize on-line monitoring, operation health evaluation and dynamic inspection of equipment in the process of operation and inspection. The purpose of this paper is to solve the technical problems of online monitoring and evaluation of the operation status of the electric energy metering device, analyze the technical difficulties encountered in the process of realizing the lean operation and maintenance of the electric energy metering device and the supporting technologies available at this stage in detail, and propose a lean operation and inspection technology of the electric energy metering device to improve the working efficiency and level of intelligence management.

Heat consumption of apartment buildings during the heating period

The work is devoted to the search for methods for calculating the heat consumption of multi-apartment residential buildings for heating and hot water supply, which allows obtaining the closest results to the actual ones. Three current methods of calculating heat consumption and one canceled, but often used in heat supply contracts, were used. Based on a comparison of the actual data obtained by the common-house heat energy metering devices and the calculated values, the possible deviations in the heat consumption of multi-apartment residential buildings of different floors, area and year of construction, ranging from 49.73 to 177.77%, were found. An economic assessment of the consequences of using the most inadequate methods has been carried out. It was found that when using methods with extreme error values, payments for the heat supply service from one house can differ by 3.6 times.

Forecast of demand for the rmal energy for buildings of secondary educational institutions based on the properties of heteromorphism of their energy systems

THE PURPOSE. Improving the accuracy of forecast calculations of demand for energy resources is an urgent task, especially in the light of the Digital Energy of the Russian Federation program. Prediction is also required for he at supply systems. The complexity of the analysis is the lack of confirmation of the similarity properties of energy systems and complexes for buildings with similar functionality. On the example of buildings of secondary educational institutions located i n the territory of Moscow, the assumption of heteromorphism of thermal systems is proved. METHODS. In the work, an assumption was made that there were no significant changes in the data on the heat consumption of the energy facilities of schools, which was confirmed by the absence of changes in the average annual heat consumption and jumps in the monthly heat consumption diagrams. The amount of heat energy consumption measured and transferred to the IS is influenced by a number of additional factors: accura cy drift of heat energy metering devices; aging and overgrowing of the internal surfaces of the building's heating network equipment; physical aging and deterioration of the building envelope and deterioration of their thermal insulation performance. When compiling predicted energy consumption, this means that it is permissible to use not only statistical data about the analyzed object itself, but also about a variety of objects similar to those analyzed in structure and functionality. RESULTS. A set of input factors is proposed that makes it possible to accurately determine the predicted demand for thermal energy for buildings of secondary educational institutions. The possibility and similar accuracy of the results of forecasting the demand for thermal ene rgy is shown both through the use of multivariate regression analysis and artificial neural networks. CONCLUSION. ЭBased on the combined use of various mathematical approaches, it is proposed to use the methodology for forecasting energy demand by energy complexes and systems as a mechanism for determining the correctness of the transmitted meter readings.