With the advancement of Industry 4.0, the application of Internet of Things technology in manufacturing enterprises is increasingly extensive, and energy heat transfer, as an important factor affecting production efficiency and cost, needs to be optimized by new technical means. This study explores the energy heat conduction characteristics of production workshops based on the Internet of Things and its impact on the dynamic matching of financing for manufacturing enterprises, providing an innovative energy management model to promote the sustainable development of enterprises. The research uses the Internet of Things technology to monitor the energy flow and heat transfer in the production shop in real time through sensors and data acquisition systems. Combined with big data analytics and machine learning algorithms, in-depth analysis of energy consumption data is performed to identify bottlenecks and optimization points for heat transfer. At the same time, the financing dynamic matching model is constructed to analyze the financing needs and costs of enterprises under different energy management levels. The study found that iot technology can significantly improve the thermal efficiency of production plants and reduce energy waste. On the basis of the optimization of energy heat transfer, the financing demand and financing cost of enterprises have also undergone dynamic changes. The optimization of energy heat transfer based on the Internet of Things not only improves the energy efficiency of the production floor, but also provides a new impetus for the financing of manufacturing enterprises. Implementing an effective energy management strategy will help companies stay ahead of the curve in an increasingly competitive market.