The construction of metro line energy management center (MLEMC) is one of the important parts of metro line, which is the key organization to realize the energy consumption management of the metro operation. To protect the safety of adjacent high-rise buildings during the blasting of subway foundation pit engineering, it is crucial to study the response characteristics of building structures. This paper takes the MLEMC vertical pit blasting project of Wuhan Metro Line 8 as an example. The law of blasting vibration attenuation along the earth’s surface and the vibration velocity response characteristics of the building structure were analyzed by small explosive test. LSDYNA numerical model was established, and the reliability of the model and parameters was verified by experimental data. Combined with the relevant specifications, the maximum charge in single delay was calculated and analyzed. The numerical model of the maximum charge in single was established, and the prediction model of the vibration velocity related to the floors of high-rise buildings was further proposed. Combined with the failure principle of reinforced concrete structure, the safety of high-rise buildings under blasting vibration was analyzed and evaluated.