Construction Of Energy Efficient Buildings Research Articles

Thermal Performance Assessment of Aerogel Application in Additive Construction of Energy-Efficient Buildings

The main development direction of energy efficiency technologies in construction is the creation of various materials with complex structures and unique strength, thermal properties, and other properties. The aerogel is a material with high porosity and excellent thermal insulation properties. This paper provides state-of-the-art aerogel applications for the additive manufacturing of energy-efficient buildings. This work provides the experimental and numerical assessment results of the thermal conductivity of aerogel-enhanced blanket, the experimental assessment results of thermal performance of aerogel-enhanced building structure, the experimental assessment results of the aerogel application as a mixture powder component of the concrete mixture to printing buildings, and the experimental assessment results of the aerogel application as a parget powder component. Experimental results show the effect of aerogel powder component application: thermal conductivity decreased by 25%.

Modern technological solutions for the construction of energy-efficient buildings

This article delves into the pivotal role of modern technological solutions in addressing the imperative need for energy-efficient buildings. It explores various innovative approaches and advancements in construction practices aimed at reducing energy consumption and mitigating the impact of buildings on the environment. Through a comprehensive analysis, the article highlights the significance of passive design techniques, advanced insulation materials, high-performance windows, smart building automation systems, renewable energy integration, and other cutting-edge solutions in enhancing the energy efficiency of buildings. Drawing upon case studies and real-world examples, the article demonstrates the practical application and benefits of these technologies in creating sustainable built environments. Moreover, it addresses challenges and future directions for the widespread adoption of energy-efficient building practices, emphasizing the critical role of technological innovation in achieving energy efficiency goals and fostering environmental sustainability. This article is an invaluable resource for architects, engineers, policymakers, and stakeholders in the construction industry seeking to embrace and implement modern technological solutions for energy-efficient building construction.

IMPACT OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION ON ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF ARCHITECTURE IN LAGOS MEGACITY

The gap between learning and the practical aspect of energy sustainability is getting narrower when viewed in the overall content of the sustainable development goals (SDG’s) agenda; therefore, this study is needed at this time. This study aims to investigate the impact of architectural education on energy sustainability in selected architectural schools in the Lagos Megacity. It explores the impact of architectural education in these schools of Architecture and how it has influenced the design and construction of energy-efficient buildings and, in turn, contributed to energy sustainability. This study adopted quantitative approach in data collection. An online survey was conducted among students and faculty members of selected architectural schools in the Lagos Megacity. The data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Findings on influences of architectural education in building design and construction with respect to energy sustainability revealed that 7.4% disagreed that architectural education had influence on building design and construction while 92.6% agreed that architectural education had influence on building design and construction. Also, impact of institutional policies showed that government policy had a significance impact of .292 (29.2%) with Nigerian Institute of Architects while Architects Registration council had a significant influence of .609 (60.9%). The study concluded that architectural education had influence on building design and construction in the school of architecture especially in Lagos Mega City. Also, that government policies had a far reaching influence on both institutional bodies that regulates architectural education in Lagos megacity.

ENERGYSIM: techniques for advancing building energy education through immersive virtual reality (VR) simulation

An important practice for reducing the effects of global warming is the design and construction of energy-efficient buildings. In design education, the full comprehension of thermal behavior in buildings based on their geometry and material composition is required. The complexity of energy simulation principles, vis-a-vis the number of elements that impact the energy loads, their linkages, and their relationships to one another all combine to make this a challenging subject to absorb. Virtual Reality (VR) provides an immersive way to learn the concepts of building energy responses; however, the development of VR applications for education is difficult due to the knowledge, skill, and performance resource-related gaps. Unoptimized VR applications can adversely impact learning if user experiences are broken due to performance lags. This research, therefore, explores VR as a teaching tool for building energy education while showcasing the development process toward a visually accurate simulation and performant application. We developed EnergySIM; a multi-user VR building energy simulation prototype of the famous Farnsworth House. Using this prototype, we document rigorously tested development workflows for improved VR game performance, high visual fidelity, and user interaction, the three key factors which positively contribute to user knowledge retention. The study combines menu-driven interaction, virtual exploration, and miniature model manipulation approaches with the aim of testing user understanding and knowledge retention. Highlighted results provide reduced barriers of entry for educators towards developing higher quality educational VR applications. EnergySIM showcases pre-simulated building exterior surface heatmaps response from four seasons (winter, summer, fall, and spring) alongside an all-year-round sun-hour scenario. Four different material pre-simulated scenarios (single glazing, double glazing, concrete, and wood) for interior atmospheric temperature mapping are also explored. Preferred interaction methods are documented by allowing users’ visual appraisal of alternative building materials based on insulation capacity or resistance to heat flow (R-value). The significance of this work lies in its potential to revolutionize how students, designers, and instructors approach building energy education in today’s world. EnergySIM provides a hands-on and visually engaging learning experience towards the enhancement of knowledge retention and understanding. It pushes the boundaries of development for visual fidelity using geometry/mesh modeling input from various software into game engines and optimizing game performance using the HTC Vive Pro Eye and Meta Quest Pro headsets.

Стратегические подходы к строительству энергоэффективного жилья в России

The article examines the issues of strategic approaches to the construction of energy efficient buildings in the context of green building. International and Russian environmental standards are considered as a tool to improve the efficiency of green building. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the current state of energy efficiency of buildings in Russia and to identify strategic development trends. Objectives – to study the regulatory framework that stimulates the strategic development of green building and energy efficiency; review of applied energy efficient technologies; review of national environmental standards.

How do natural resources and economic growth impact load capacity factor in selected Next-11 countries? Assessing the role of digitalization and government stability.

With growing environmental concerns, everyone's attention has shifted to how we use our limited materials supplies. Rapid economic expansion is dependent on heavy resource use, decreasing biodiversity and raising the ecological footprints (EF), resulting in a reduction in the load capacity factor (LCF). Because of this, scholars and policymakers are actively looking for approaches to improve the LCF without hindering economic growth (GDP). For similar reasons, this research aims at how the selected next eleven economies improved their LCF from 1990 to 2018 by analyzing the effect of digitalization (DIG), natural resources (NAT), GDP, globalization, and governance. To account for dependence across sections and slope variation, the cross-sectional augmented ARDL model is used in this research. The long-term findings indicate that LCF was diminished by dependence on NAT, globalization, and economic growth and was bolstered by DIG and sound governance. The work recommends that financial and policy support is needed for initiatives such as zero-emission vehicle production and energy-efficient building construction. By offering a line of credit at low interest rates, renewable energy projects can attract domestic and private investors.

Development and characteristics of novel high-strength lightweight core-shell aggregate

The need for high-strength lightweight concrete for cost-effective and energy-efficient building construction drives the need to develop high-strength lightweight aggregates. In this study, a novel high-strength lightweight core–shell aggregate (HLCSA) was developed and compared with commercial available artificial lightweight aggregates (LWAs). The loose bulk density, water absorption, and crushing strength of the developed aggregate were optimized by changing the water/binder ratio of the shell, core materials, shell/core ratio, and curing methods and time. XRD, TGA, and X-CT were utilized to analyze the hydration degree, microstructure, and pore structure of the shell and core of the core–shell aggregate. The results showed that a suitable water/binder ratio of 0.20–0.22 for the shell and a core material (cenosphere) were optimal for producing the HLCSA. The size, loose bulk density, crushing strength, and strength efficiency of the pelletized aggregate were all found to increase with the shell/core ratio. The curing method and curing time played an important role in affecting the crushing strength. The microstructure and porosity of HLCSA analyzed by optical microscopy and X-CT showed that it was a hollow shell structure with a porous core that was well coated by a dense shell, which ensued the high strength and lightweight features at the same time. The developed HLCSA (with shell/core of 1.6) had a crushing strength of 6.93 MPa and a loose bulk density of 834 kg/m3 with a high strength efficiency of 8,309 Pa·m3/kg, which was much higher than the common commercial LWAs.

Light Weight Plasters Containing Vermiculite and FGD Gypsum for Sustainable and Energy Efficient Building Construction Materials

Light Weight Plasters Containing Vermiculite and FGD Gypsum for Sustainable and Energy Efficient Building Construction Materials

A study of the optimal form and orientation for more energy efficiency to mass model multi-storey buildings of Kirkuk city, Iraq

Efficient use of Energy and the usage of renewable forms of energy are considered to be key concepts of sustainable architectural design. Our country, Iraq, including the city of Kirkuk, is one of the developing cities that witnessed an increase in the population and thus the expansion of the city, and due to the lack of local studies in the field of sustainability and energy efficiency, the need for research in the field of applying these concepts in designing buildings to save local energy has emerged.This study examines the potential for sustainable architectural design in the city of Kirkuk, Iraq. The research specifically focuses on analysing the environmental performance of a ten-story multi-storey building to determine the optimal form and orientation that would minimise energy consumption and yield environmental and economic benefits. Building Information Modelling (BIM) and simulation were used to evaluate the energy consumption of six different building models over a 12-month period. Results indicate that the T-shaped model had the lowest energy consumption at a rotation angle of 285˚, providing valuable insights for the design and construction of energy-efficient buildings in Kirkuk.

Feasibility of Harris Hawks Optimization in Combination with Fuzzy Inference System Predicting Heating Load Energy Inside Buildings

Heating and cooling systems account for a considerable portion of the energy consumed for domestic reasons in Europe. Burning fossil fuels is the main way to produce this energy, which has a detrimental effect on the environment. It is essential to consider a building’s characteristics when determining how much heating and cooling is necessary. As a result, a study of the related buildings’ characteristics, such as the type of cooling and heating systems required for maintaining appropriate indoor air conditions, can help in the design and construction of energy-efficient buildings. Numerous studies have used machine learning to predict cooling and heating systems based on variables that include relative compactness, orientation, overall height, roof area, wall area, surface area, glazing area, and glazing area distribution. Fuzzy logic, however, is not used in any of these methods. In this article, we study a fuzzy logic approach, i.e., HHO−ANFIS (combination of Harris hawks optimization and adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system), to predict the heating load in residential buildings and investigate the feasibility of this technique in predicting the heating load. Fuzzy techniques obtain perfect results. The analysis results show that the HHO−ANFIS with a population size of 400, the highest value of R2 (0.98709 and 0.98794), and the lowest value of RMSE (0.08769 and 0.08281) in the training and testing dataset, respectively, can predict the heating load with high accuracy. According to the high value of R2 (98%) and low value of RMSE, HHO−ANFIS can be used in predicting the heating load of residential buildings.

Processing bulk wood into a light-permeable passive radiative cooling material for energy-efficient building

Reducing carbon emissions from building materials production and operation would have a huge impact on the global energy and environment. Wood presents great potential as an environment-friendly building material due to its relatively low carbon emission and cost. However, several issues, including the mechanical anisotropic, extremely low optical transparency, and single function, greatly hinder the further application of wood as a building material. Herein, hybrid wood-derived laminates were dedicatedly fabricated through top-down strategy using bulk wood as raw materials. The obtained hybrid laminates demonstrate low anisotropic mechanical factor of 1.14, which was only one-eighth of the corresponding value of natural wood (8.07). Besides, such wood laminates exhibit moderate light permeability (35% of transmittance), which could provide with softening of glare and uniform illumination, thereby reducing the power consumption. Also, the remaining wood cellulose and incorporated inorganic microspheres in our laminates backscatter solar radiation and emit thermal, resulting in continuous cooling with a dT of 12 °C under one solar intensity irradiation. Combined with excellent water stability and self-cleaning property, our laminates are expected to be used as the building blocks for the construction of energy-efficient buildings with low carbon emission.

PROPOSALS OF SOLUTIONS OF THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT BUILDINGS ON WATER IN UKRAINE

Problem statement. Ukraine has a large number of waterways and access to the sea. They are unlimited reserves of energy and resources that can be used for the benefit of people, but at the same time spring floods can be a danger, and therefore the construction of buildings on the water is a partial solution to this problem. The coastal zone is favorable in terms of climatic conditions for urban development. Increasing the number of comfortable and safe housing in large cities, increasing the efficiency of construction of waterways in Ukraine and coastal areas, meeting the demand of the recreation and leisure industry is the main task in the design and construction of energy efficient floating buildings. The purpose of the article. Search for the most rational architectural and design solutions and technologies for the construction of energy efficient buildings on the water. Consider the design features of the modules used for buildings of different configurations in the plan. Propose solutions for the development of projects for energy efficient buildings on the water in Ukraine. Conclusions. As a result of the research, recommendations were given on the use of various spatial planning and design solutions of floating buildings, the use of utilities and equipment. It is proposed to use energy efficient technologies for floating buildings: solar panels, diesel generators, wind generators. The list of the elements of various forms serving as modules for creation of collapsible rectangular and round in the plan of the buildings is resulted, and also the list of the materials used at their manufacture is resulted. The decision on arrangement of bases and the bases of a floating building for various climatic and hydrogeological conditions of areas of construction is resulted. Energy efficient houses on the water are an alternative to houses on land as environmentally viable buildings in large cities. The possibility of erecting buildings on the water in areas of Ukraine where floods and inundations are systematic is an alternative solution in the fight against the water element.

Monte Carlo simulation approach to understand the cost variance for energy retrofit projects: comparative study of Finland and the United States

Energy-efficient building is often characterised with higher construction costs. There is a large variance in energy-efficient building construction costs, especially in retrofit projects. A lack of understanding of cost variance and ambiguity of cost-optimal practices has impeded the adoption of energy retrofit practices globally. To respond to such a knowledge gap, a comparative study was conducted on energy retrofit projects on residential buildings in Finland and the United States. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to determine the coefficient of variation for construction costs and the potential reasons behind the variations. The specific aims of this study are (a) to gain a deeper understanding of construction cost variances in energy retrofit projects, (b) to identify the most influential cost items, and (c) to understand the correlations among different cost items. For this analysis, a database including 10 Finnish buildings and 7 US buildings was created, and actual construction cost data was collected. The results showed the following: (1) US projects had a larger total construction cost variance with highly skewed distribution, and Finnish energy retrofit projects had a cost distribution similar to conventional retrofit projects; (2) the two most significant construction cost factors for both countries were non-energy related cost items and the building envelope, rather than the mechanical system (heating and ventilation) as commonly perceived; and (3) the larger construction cost variance in the United States may be associated with the unfamiliarity of energy-efficient technologies and varied construction methods in different regions. The insights and suggestions derived from those findings are discussed in the conclusion.

Peculiarities Research of Buildings and Structures Energy Efficiency

The constant buildings growth inevitably increases volume and work cost on their technical diagnosis. This defines the relevance of introducing non-destructive testing modern methods, which accelerate diagnosis, obtain a reliable assessment of technical condition and residual resource reasonable prognostication in safe operation field. Priority are control methods that do not require facility decommissioning, which provides a significant time and money reduction. Currently, infra-red thermal imaging using interest has significantly increased. This is due to the adoption of Russian Federation regulatory documents on improving energy efficiency and energy-saving technologies introduction in the construction and buildings reconstruction. Sweden, Canada and the United States developed a significant number of standards and guidelines for practical examinations of buildings and structures using thermal imaging quality control methods of building constructions thermal insulation at the end of the last century.On the other hand, relatively inexpensive matrix detectors of infrared radiation have been developed and put into widespread use, as a result of measurement models have become available.In the Bashkortostan Republic based on the analysis of thermal imaging studies of housing, civil and industrial construction projects, energy-efficient building construction have been developed and proposed.

Numerical Simulation of the Thermal Behaviour of a Building with or without Typha Using the Commercial Software Visual TTH

The use of low thermal conductivity materials plays an important role in the construction of energy-efficient buildings. Indeed, the improvement of the thermal properties of building walls reduces energy consumption. This study aims to determine the thermal and energy balances of a building enveloped with Typha australis on the one hand, and a building without Typha on the other hand (a building constructed with conventional materials) using the commercial software Visual TTH. The results of the heat loss calculations show that the Typha building is 62% more efficient than the conventional building. Also, the studies on air-conditioning needs resulted in energy savings of 1577.136 kWh per year for the Typha building, i.e. 1219 kg per year of CO2 avoided in the air according to the SENELEC emission factor 0.773/MWh in Senegal.

SHAHARSOZLIK SOHASIDA EKOLOGIK TALABLARGA RIOYA ETISHNING HUQUQIY MASALALARI

The issues of compliance with environmental requirements in the field of urban planning are also the subject of study of legal sciences, and the main purpose of setting such requirements and standards is to provide comfortable living conditions for citizens. Issues of legal protection of urban environment were discussed at the UN Stockholm Conference on Human Environment (1972), the UN Habitat III Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (October 17-20, 2016, Kyoto, Ecuador). A new urban development program was adopted as part of the Habitat III conference. Today, the main environmental problems in cities around the world are considered in connection with the implementation of construction work. At the same time, special attention is paid in the system of legal sciences to the study of organizational and legal measures and the scientific and theoretical basis of the construction work. This article examines the issues of zoning, greening the construction process, the benefits of developing a “green” economy, the introduction of waste-free technologies, as well as the construction of energy-efficient buildings and housing. In addition, the scientific and theoretical basis for the introduction of environmentally friendly innovative technologies in achieving strategic goals in the field of environmental protection, prevention and reduction of negative impact on the environment, ensuring the growth of environmentally oriented economy, application of “green” standards in construction.

Features of calculation of heat consumption for heating energy-efficient buildings

In connection with the implementation of the energy saving program in construction, the regulatory requirements for thermal protection of enclosing structures have significantly increased, which has led to the construction of energy efficient buildings with low energy consumption. The article presents the results of the heat engineering calculation of an 8-storey residential building under construction in the city of Samara. The outer walls of the first two floors are insulated with a facade system, the upper floors are made in the form of well masonry, as a heater for which thermal insulation is designed in the form of a cassette of three sheets of foam foam, mounted on a wooden frame. An assessment of the energy efficiency of the above-mentioned building was made and an analysis was made of the influence of the reduced resistance to heat transfer of the outer wall on the value of the specific heat consumption for heating the building, as well as increased heat loss in window slopes on the energy consumption in a residential building.

ШАҲАРЛАРДА ҚУРИЛИШ ФАОЛИЯТИНИ ЭКОЛОГИЗАЦИЯЛАШНИНГ ҲУҚУҚИЙ МАСАЛАЛАРИ

Ensuring the right of citizens to favorable natural environment depends, first of all, on compliance with environmental standards in usage of land, water, underground and other natural resources, as well as following the rules of green construction processes and rational zoning of urban territories and other residential areas. This study considers main environmental problems in cities in connection with construction processes. At the same time, we also studied organizational legal measures and scientific-theoretical bases of construction activities. In addition, legal assessment and review of zoning issues, greening of construction processes, benefits of developing “green economy,” introduction of low-waste technologies, as well as construction of energy-efficient buildings and housing were carried out. In the context of achieving goals set by the Concept on Environmental Protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030, scientific and theoretical foundations for the introduction of environmentally friendly innovative technologies, prevention and reduction of negative impact on the environment, ensuring growth of environmental economics, the application of “green” building standards in construction sphere were developed.

Building energy consumption prediction for residential buildings using deep learning and other machine learning techniques

The high proportion of energy consumed in buildings has engendered the manifestation of many environmental problems which deploy adverse impacts on the existence of mankind. The prediction of building energy use is essentially proclaimed to be a method for energy conservation and improved decision-making towards decreasing energy usage. Also, the construction of energy efficient buildings will aid the reduction of total energy consumed in newly constructed buildings. Machine Learning (ML) method is recognised as the best suited approach for producing desired outcomes in prediction task. Hence, in several studies, ML has been applied in the field of energy consumption of operational building. However, there are not many studies investigating the suitability of ML methods for forecasting the potential building energy consumption at the early design phase to reduce the construction of more energy inefficient buildings. To address this gap, this paper presents the utilization of several machine learning techniques namely Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Gradient Boosting (GB), Deep Neural Network (DNN), Random Forest (RF), Stacking, K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision tree (DT) and Linear Regression (LR) for predicting annual building energy consumption using a large dataset of residential buildings. This study also examines the effect of the building clusters on the model performance. The novelty of this paper is to develop a model that enables designers input key features of a building design and forecast the annual average energy consumption at the early stages of development. This result reveals DNN as the most efficient predictive model for energy use at the early design phase and this presents a motivation for building designers to utilize it before construction to make informed decision, manage and optimize design.

The potential for the Passive House standard in Longyearbyen – the High Arctic

Passive building design reduces a building’s energy consumption through mainly non-mechanical design strategies. The Passive House (or Passivhaus) Standard certifies such buildings that comply with its strict energy performance criteria. Achieving the Standard is very challenging for dwellings in extreme climates. There is limited knowledge of the Standard’s potential in Arctic regions, particularly the High Arctic. Through a review of the literature and energy modelling of a hypothetical dwelling, the challenges in achieving the Standard in Longyearbyen (78°N), Norway are investigated. Very low temperatures and 112 days without daylight create a high heating demand. Whereas previous studies measured actual building performances or used simple calculations, the findings in this investigation show the limitations of individual design parameters and technical limits of the building envelope. In theory the Standard can be achieved in Longyearbyen; however, the potential in practice is low due to the very tight margins in the heating criteria. The results show the significant impact of applying contextual (climatic) adjustments to the boundary conditions of the Standard. The investigation could contribute to a discussion on modifying the Passive House Standard for dwellings in the High Arctic and improving building design for the region. Practical application: Current knowledge regarding energy efficient building performance in Arctic climates is limited, while the urgency for improved efficiencies is extremely high. The modelling in this work shows the valuable impact of contextual adjustments to the Passive House boundary conditions; the impact of individual design parameters; and the potential for significant energy savings through adopting passive house principles for dwelling design in Longyearbyen or similar climates. This investigation could encourage new policy making, additional research and the development of an optimized Passive House Standard that considers High Arctic climate conditions, thus encouraging new energy efficient building construction in cold climates.