Energy-efficient Solution Research Articles

THE ROLE OF PROPERTY MANAGEMENT IN PROMOTING ENERGY-EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS FOR RENTALS

Real estate management plays a key role in promoting energy efficient solutions when renting out properties. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of management companies on the introduction of energy-efficient technologies to increase the competitiveness of facilities and reduce operating costs. The methodology is based on the analysis of data on the application of modern energy-efficient solutions, including lighting, heating and automation systems in buildings in the Czech Republic. The results showed that the use of such technologies helps to reduce utility costs by 20-40% and increases the attractiveness of facilities for tenants. In conclusion, property management aimed at energy efficiency ensures the achievement of sustainable development and economic benefits for owners and tenants. These measures increase the market value of the properties and extend the lease terms, which strengthens the position in the real estate rental market.

Passive Design Strategy of Vertical Housing for Optimizing Energy Efficiency

Abstract Passive design is crucial for sustainable building, maximizing comfort while minimizing energy use and environmental impact. It optimizes heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting through natural energy sources like sunlight and wind, promoting responsible energy consumption. As the Indonesian economy continues to grow, urbanization rates in major cities are rapidly increasing, leading to urban sprawl. One proposed solution is densification through vertical housing construction. However, a concern with vertical housing is the energy consumption for thermal and lighting comfort, particularly in Indonesia’s tropical climate. Passive design presents an effective energy efficient solution for optimizing comfort in vertical housing. This study explores various passive design strategies based on six basic principle. Firstly, it presents local climatic conditions. Then, it discusses lessons learned from traditional buildings and modern buildings. Finally, it introduces a passive design method for high-rise housing, focusing on six points: massing and orientation, building envelope, passive cooling, thermal mass storage, natural air circulation and daylighting. The study presents results and potential recommendations for passive design to optimize energy efficiency.

Kalman filter-driven state observer for thermal error compensation in machine tool digital twins

Sustainable reduction of thermal errors during production is the key challenge in modern high-precision manufacturing. Numerical compensation models provide an energy-efficient solution, but in the case of data-driven models, high-quality experimental data must be time-consuming and expensive to produce, negatively impacting overall productivity. Furthermore, robustness concerns arise in the case of new operating conditions, which were not contained in the training data. This paper presents a novel use of a Kalman filter together with model order reduced finite element models to observe the entire thermal state, which allows the subsequent solution of the mechanical model and computation of the thermal errors in real-time without requiring any training data but instead purely based on the physical system model. The effectiveness of this approach is evaluated using experiments on a thermal test bench with 16 out of 40 temperature sensors employed for observation and demonstrated on a 5-axis machine tool (MT) with 13 out of 25 temperature sensors used. Due to the combination of the reduced order model and Kalman filter these 13 temperature sensors are sufficient to represent a MT mesh of more than 350’000 elements. The entire temperature profile of the thermal test bench is reconstructed to achieve a root mean square error (RMSE) of the unobserved temperature sensors of only 2.7 °C, which accounts for more than 83% of all temperature variations and 1.3 °C for the 5-axis MT. For the thermal error of the thermal test bench, the RMSE could be reduced from 67.4μm to 33.3μm, corresponding to a reduction of 52.7 %. This could be achieved without the need for experimental data for model calibration, in a real-time capable physics-based model.

Design and construction of a continuous industrial scale cold plasma equipment for fresh produce industry

This study presents the design, construction, and evaluation of a novel continuous industrial-scale cold plasma system optimized for the treatment of fresh produce. The system integrates multiple plasma modules with a multipin-to-plate discharge configuration, ensuring efficient generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species at relatively low voltages. The cold plasma modules are combined with a conveyor mechanism, allowing for continuous, uniform exposure of irregularly shaped food items, such as tomatoes, to reactive plasma species. Notably, the system operates using ambient air, and incorporates modularity for easy scalability, making it suitable for both small-scale enterprises and large-scale industrial applications.Experimental trials on tomatoes demonstrated reductions in microbial load, with the system effectively enhancing product safety while minimizing power consumption. Moreover, the integration of cold storage further extended shelf life, although optimization of plasma treatment parameters remains necessary to preserve bioactive compounds like lycopene and ascorbic acid. This research fills a critical gap in scaling cold plasma technology for industrial use, providing a sustainable and energy-efficient solution for food disinfection. The results highlight the potential of this system to meet industry demands for safe and efficient on-farm and small-scale enterprise disinfection.

Comparative performance assessment of different halide composites in sorption cooling system: A dynamic approach

The adsorption technique presents a promising approach for cooling, heat storage, and gas storage. This study focuses on the viability of adsorption in cooling applications, specifically utilizing various halide salts in conjunction with thermal energy, highlighting its potential as an energy-efficient solution for modern energy demands. A dynamic numerical model is developed and used to study the performance of transverse finned reactor-based adsorption cooling system (ACS) with different halide composite salts. The simulations are carried out at different supply pressures ranging from 3.55 bar to 7.28 bar corresponding to saturation pressure of ammonia at an evaporator temperature ranging from −5 ℃ to 15 ℃ during adsorption. The desorption process is simulated at different regeneration temperatures with a required desorption pressure of 17.28 bar corresponding to saturation pressure at condenser operating temperature of 40 ℃. The average cooling power produced in first 60 min of system operation at an evaporator temperature of −5 ℃ is 4.89 W, 207 W, 206 W and 925 W with the use of BaCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2 and MnCl2 composites respectively. The theoretical maximum coefficient of performance (COP) obtained are 0.31, 0.365, 0.308 and 0.552 with BaCl2, CaCl2, MnCl2 and SrCl2 respectively. The cooling power (CP) is increasing with increase in evaporator temperature. The shortest adsorption completion time is observed at 15 ℃ of evaporator temperature with all metal halides used. The lowest adsorption time is observed with MnCl2 composite salt and highest with BaCl2 composite salt. The regeneration time of all composite salt beds is decreasing with increase in regeneration temperature.

Parameter adaptive stochastic model predictive control for wind–solar–hydrogen coupled power system

With the increasing global energy scarcity and environmental concerns, the wind–solar–hydrogen (WSH) coupled system has garnered widespread attention as an efficient and eco-friendly renewable energy solution. Addressing the impact of uncertainty on the source and load of the coupled system concerning its power balance, a parameter adaptive stochastic model predictive control (PAS-MPC) power regulation strategy based on the scenario analysis method is proposed herein. In order to characterize the probabilistic information about the uncertainty on both sides of the system, scenario generation and reduction techniques are used to obtain classical scenarios of wind and solar outputs as well as electrical loads as inputs to PAS-MPC. With the aim of optimizing the computational time constant of SMPC, the parameter adaptive method is proposed to change the prediction time domain and control time domain of the system. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of PAS-MPC in addressing uncertainties on the source and load sides of the WSH coupled system. Optimization results reveal that PAS-MPC considerably improves the system power balance compared to SMPC. Compared to the conventional model predictive control (MPC), PAS-MPC effectively mitigates high-power state of the controllable equipment of the system, thereby enhancing its lifecycle.

OPTIMIZATION OF AN INTELLIGENT CONTROLLED BRIDGELESS POSITIVE LUO CONVERTER FOR LOW-CAPACITY ELECTRIC VEHICLES

This paper presents a novel approach to power conversion in electric vehicle (EV) applications. The proposed converter, a Bridgeless Single Stage Positive Luo Converter (BSPLC), is optimized to enhance efficiency and reduce losses in low-capacity EVs. Traditional converters experience higher losses due to their passive components and bridge circuits. By eliminating the bridge components, the converter achieves higher efficiency. An intelligent fuzzy logic controller is employed to provide adaptive control and stabilize output under varying input conditions, improving performance and response time. The converter design is further optimized through parameter tuning and simulation to achieve minimal ripple and maximum power efficiency at 92%. The proposed solution is ideal for low-capacity EVs, as it ensures enhanced power conversion, reduced thermal stress, and improved battery life. The study demonstrates the converter’s capability to meet the growing demands for energy-efficient solutions in modern electric mobility.

Advancements and challenges of fuel cell integration in electric vehicles: A comprehensive analysis

Fuel cell technology emerges as a promising green solution, offering mitigation to global warming, air pollution, and energy crises. This eco-friendly approach is witnessing a surge in adoption within the automotive sector, with fuel cell buses, cars, scooters, forklifts, and more, becoming increasingly prevalent. The automobile industry has been rapidly advancing fuel cell technology, inching closer to the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles. As various technical hurdles are surmounted and costs are reduced, fuel cell vehicles are poised to become a competitive force in the automobile market, presenting an excellent solution for environmental sustainability and energy efficiency. This review paper delves into the fundamentals of fuel cells, their characteristics, and their applications in the automotive realm, exploring their prospects in comparison to traditional technologies. Furthermore, it sheds light on the existing research and industrial developments in hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. Additionally, a comprehensive comparison is provided between various fuel cell cars that have already been commercialized, enabling readers to understand the current market landscape. The review also analyses the advantages and challenges associated with fuel cell technology, offering insights into its future development trajectory. Through this comprehensive exploration, readers can gain a deeper understanding of fuel cell technology and its potential in revolutionizing the automotive industry.

Basalt fibers corrosion in concrete: New perspectives originating from computational modelling techniques employment

Most of engineering disciplines or research areas have recently witnessed strategic changes leading to formulation of new challenges and revision of existing activities. Promoting the environmental aspects to the highest priority level was mostly in common. Seeking for energy efficient solutions, concrete society has mentioned basalt as a promising candidate having a potential to replace steel in the future. The chemical disharmony between basalt and alkaline environment of concrete, however, represents the most challenging tasks that obstructs the replacement procedure due to durability issues. Since only 3.3 % of the research priorities in this area deals with the corrosion and degradation problems, while the mainstream (57.0 %) prefers determination of various material properties, this problem seems to be undervalued. Additionally, computational modelling approaches are surprisingly not applied as frequently (6.1 %) as in other disciplines, although they could provide the essential long-term research. Simplified methods therefore still dominate these estimations approaches. This paper therefore brings an overview on basalt fiber corrosion in concrete, while summarizing the most topical gaps slowing down the basalt application progress. Since these gaps originate mostly from the simplifications adopted, specific solutions are proposed respectively, exploiting the unique advantages and possibilities of computational modelling approaches that are omitted. The topicality as well as the potential of the advanced approach is demonstrated on a critical example dealing with corrosion analysis evaluation in a specific wall segment. Highlighting the differences between simplified- and advanced techniques outputs, the main findings are concluded, and the most topical gaps are identified.

Constructing a multilayered film β[sbnd]PbO2[sbnd]ZrO2 electrode for energy-efficient zinc electrowinning

The zinc electrowinning process demands considerable energy, prompting the quest for energy-efficient solutions to curtail costs. Hence, the development of energy-saving anode materials for zinc hydrometallurgy is an important issue. Herein, multilayered PbO2 film materials were prepared through thermal decomposition and composite electrodeposition, yielding a new PbO2–ZrO2 electrode featuring ZrO2 particles as the second phase for energy-saving zinc electrowinning. The introduction of ZrO2 leads to reduced PbO2 crystal size, heightened the specific surface area of the electrode, and preferential growth of crystal planes. Electrochemical tests underscore that the PbO2–ZrO2 electrode manifests a reduced charge-transfer resistance (Rct) and overpotential alongside a 46.15 % extension in service life compared to the pure PbO2 electrode. Simulated zinc electrowinning experiment affirms PbO2–ZrO2 electrode has a 3.63 % surge in the current efficiency and a substantial 244.61 kWh/t reduction in energy consumption relative to the traditional Pb–0.6wt%Ag anode. This study provides a strategic framework for designing and developing cost-efficient, cost-effective anode materials, promoting advancements in energy conservation and consumption reduction within zinc electrowinning processes.

Enhancing Power and Thermal Gradient of Solar Photovoltaic Panels with Torched Fly-Ash Tiles for Greener Buildings

Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels that use polycrystalline silicon cells are a promising technique for producing renewable energy, although research on the cells’ efficiency and thermal control is still ongoing. This experimental research aims to investigate a novel way to improve power output and thermal performance by combining solar PV panels with burned fly-ash tiles. Made from burning industrial waste, torched fly ash has special qualities that make it useful for architectural applications. These qualities include better thermal insulation, strengthened structural integrity, and high energy efficiency. Our test setup shows that when solar PV panels are combined with torched fly-ash tiles, power generation rises by 7% and surface temperature decreases by 3% when compared to standard panels. The enhanced PV efficiency is ascribed to the outstanding thermal insulation properties of fly ash tiles and their capacity to control panel temperature. To ensure longevity and safety in building applications, the tiles employed in this study had a water absorption rate of 5.37%, flexural strength of 2.95 N/mm2, and slip resistance at 38 km/h. Furthermore, we find improved structural resilience and lower cooling costs when up to 30% of the sand in floor tiles is replaced with torched fly ash, which makes this method especially appropriate for sustainable buildings. Key performance indicators that show how effective these tiles are in maximizing energy use in buildings include thermal emissivity (0.874), solar reflectance (0.8), and solar absorption (0.256). While supporting more ecofriendly building techniques, this study highlights the advantages of utilizing burned fly ash in solar PV systems: enhanced power generation and thermal comfort. The main results open a greater potential for fly ash use in different building materials. The use of torched fly ash in building materials enhances thermal insulation and structural integrity while lowering cooling costs, making it an ideal choice for eco-friendly construction and highlighting the potential for further research into environmentally responsible, energy-efficient solutions.

Low field assisted electrocaloric effect and energy storage responses through optimization of morphotropic phase boundary by sintering temperature for lead-free Ba0.95Ca0.05Sn0.09Ti0.91O3 ceramics

The development of lead-free ferroelectric materials is highly desired for next-generation energy storage and superior electrocaloric effect (ECE) applications. However, one of the significant challenges in lead-free dielectric materials is to obtain enhanced ECE and energy storage density at lower applied electric fields, needed for realization of sustainable and efficient energy solutions. Herein, the sol-gel elaborated lead-free Ba0.95Ca0.05Sn0.09Ti0.91O3 ceramics have been synthesized and sintered at temperatures 1100 and 1200 ˚C. The sample sintered at 1200 ˚C exhibits low field assisted improved ∆T ∼ 0.42 K and ∆S ∼ 0.52 J/kg/K values and are closely associated with presence of MPB and relaxor characteristics. The enhanced recoverable energy density (Wrec) and total energy density (Wtot) are also obtained as 79 mJ/cm3 and 87 mJ/cm3 for the same sample sintered at 1200 ˚C with excellent conversion efficiency of 91 % under a very low applied electric field of 30 kV/cm. The results demonstrate that the optimization of sintering temperature significantly affects the MPB evolution, microstructure and emergence of relaxor characteristics owing to vibrant polar-nano regions that result in enhanced ECE and energy storage characteristics. The present work would be beneficial for advancement of lead-free ferroelectric materials as an efficient electrocaloric cooling and sustainable green energy solutions.

Improvement of low-cost solar-powered desalination technologies in low-light intensity

Enhancing the efficiency of low-cost solar-powered desalination technologies, such as solar stills (SS), is essential for ensuring continuous access to freshwater in remote, water-stressed areas, particularly during cloudy or rainy days when the performance of conventional SS systems is compromised. This study introduces an innovative stepped solar still design, optimized for ease of operation, maintenance, environmental compatibility, and improved efficiency, especially under low-light conditions. The impact of the inlet mass flow rate on the desalination process was investigated to enhance distilled water production. Light absorption and step hot spot temperatures were further improved by incorporating natural and cost-effective absorbers, such as carbon, and an innovative soil-carbon combination. The synergy of this soil-carbon combination, enhancing light absorption, heat transfer, and storage through increased surface contact during radiation exposure and its distribution during shutdown, led to a 12.8% and 3% increase in distilled water production over the 4-hour test duration, compared to the baseline and carbon-only tests, respectively. This innovative design, combined with the use of a soil and carbon mixture, significantly improves the performance of solar distillation systems. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable, low-cost, and energy-efficient solutions for freshwater provision in remote areas, addressing both water scarcity and energy conservation challenges.

Optical and Structural Properties of V2O5 Electrochromic Thin Films

The increase in global temperature has led to a significant surge in energy consumption within the air conditioning industry, resulting in environmental deterioration. Electrochromic (EC) windows have emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) stands out among all metal oxide materials due to its remarkable EC properties, including substantial Li+ ion insertion capacity and multicolor capabilities. Despite the potential of V2O5, there remains a lack of comprehensive research on the structural and optical properties of V2O5 films with varying thicknesses. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the structural and optical properties of V2O5 thin films with thicknesses ranging from 46 to 344 nm. By employing the sol-gel spin coating method, V2O5 thin films were fabricated and analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry. The fabricated V2O5 thin films with thicknesses of 46-274 nm demonstrated an average film transparency of 83 %. XRD analysis further revealed that the V2O5 thin films reached their peak crystallinity at a thickness of 344 nm. Moreover, CV analysis revealed that the V2O5 device, with a thickness of 274 nm, exhibited a cathodic peak current of -1.63 mA, indicating its excellent ability to facilitate Li+ ion diffusion. Additionally, CA measurements displayed a high optical modulation of 37.78 %. Ultimately, this research contributes to the development of energy-efficient solutions for sustainable environmental practices.

Advancements in IoT Routing and Energy Efficiency: A Comprehensive Review of Algorithms and Technologies

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to a significant increase in connected devices, resulting in growing challenges related to efficient data transmission, energy consumption, and network scalability. Routing protocols and energy-efficient algorithms play a pivotal role in addressing these challenges, enabling IoT systems to optimize performance while minimizing power usage. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in IoT routing techniques and energy-efficient solutions, focusing on multi-objective optimization algorithms such as fractional gravitational search, grey wolf optimization, and hybrid salp swarm-differential evolution algorithms. Additionally, we explore context-aware routing, cluster-based methods, and the integration of machine learning to enhance decision-making in dynamic IoT environments. The review also highlights the critical role of energy-efficient routing in IoT applications, such as smart agriculture, healthcare, and smart cities, emphasizing its importance in prolonging network lifetime and reducing overall operational costs. The potential of blockchain technology and AI-driven algorithms to enhance security and energy efficiency in IoT networks is discussed, alongside future directions in green routing solutions. By addressing the complexities of IoT routing and energy management, this review aims to provide insights into the latest research trends and guide future innovations in IoT systems.

Realizing enhanced photoresponse for self-powered broadband photodetector with asymmetric contacts based MoTe2/WSe2 van der Waals heterostructure

Self-powered photodetectors constructed by two-dimensional (2D) materials are significant in advanced science and technology with the growing focus on green and energy-efficient solutions. The built-in electric field in photodetector drives efficient separation and transfer of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. However, traditional metal-2D material-metal structures have more interface defects and larger Schottky barrier to hinder carrier transport. In this work, an asymmetric electrode material structure is constructed by adding graphene to provide a more efficient transport channel for photogenerated carriers. Graphene electrodes can play a variety of roles in efficient separation and collection of photogenerated carriers, reducing the barrier and improving the contact quality. Compared with the device using symmetric gold electrodes, the device prepared with asymmetric contacts show optimized performance. The MoTe2/WSe2 heterostructure exhibits brilliant self-powered photoresponse (a responsivity of 268 mA/W and a detectivity of 7.48*1011 Jones). And the rise/decay times are up to 145μs/125μs. Additionally, the detector has a broadband detection capability from visible light to near-infrared. These results provide a promising and simple way to fabricate a MoTe2/WSe2 self-powered broadband photodetector with high performance

Tetrazole and Oxadiazole Derivatives as Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are promising lighting solutions for sustainability and energy efficiency. Incorporating thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules enables OLEDs to achieve internal quantum efficiency (IQE), in principle, up to 100 %; therefore, new classes of promising TADF emitters and modifications of existing ones are sought after. This study explores the TADF emission properties of six designed TADF emitters, examining their photophysical responses using experimental and theoretical methods. The design strategy involves creating six distinct types of a donor-acceptor (D-A) system, where tert-butylcarbazoles are used as donors, while the acceptor component incorporates three different functional groups: nitrile, tetrazole and oxadiazole, with varying electron-withdrawing character. Additionally, the donor-acceptor distance is adjusted using a phenylene spacer, and its influence on TADF functionality is examined. The clear dependency of an additional spacer, inhibiting TADF, could be revealed. Emitters with a direct donor-acceptor connection are demonstrated to exhibit TADF moderate emissive behavior. The analysis emphasizes the impact of charge transfer, singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEST), and other microscopic parameters on photophysical rates, permitting TADF. Among the emitters, TCz-CN shows optimal performance as a blue-green emitter with an 88 % photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and fast rate of reversible intersystem crossing of 2×106 s-1 and 1×107 s-1, obtained from time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) experiment in PMMA matrix and quantum mechanical calculations, respectively. This comprehensive exploration identifies molecular bases of superior TADF emitters and provides insights for future designs, advancing the optimization of TADF properties in OLEDs.

A modified slime mold algorithm for parameter identification of hydrogen-powered proton exchange membrane fuel cells

In the quest for sustainable and efficient energy solutions, hydrogen fuel cells emerge as a beacon of hope, offering a promising pathway towards a greener future. Accurate Identification of the ungiven parameters of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) mathematical models is indispensable for designing, managing, and simulating the practical PEMFC. In order to identify the parameters of PEMFC punctually, this paper presents a modified version of the slime mould algorithm (MSMA). In order to increase capability of the MSMA in the exploitation phase, both locally and globally, the sine-cosine technique has been utilized to boost the search capabilities. To assess the performance of MSMA, MSMA is first utilized to address ten well-known benchmark functions. The obtained results confirm that MSMA outperforms SMA on all benchmark functions. Then, MSMA is employed to solve the optimization problem of different mechanical design problems and also the MSMA provides superior performance over the standard SMA. Finally, the MSMA is used to identify the unknown parameters of four typical PEMFCs: 250W PEMFC, BCS 500W PEMFC, AVISTA SR-12 model, and the Temasek 1 kW PEMFC model. Experimental results boost the supremacy of MSMA in the PEMFC parameters extraction by comparing it with the original SMA and well-known potent optimization techniques. Furthermore, MATLAB/Simulink is employed for advanced dynamic PEMFC modeling, facilitating a comprehensive assessment of fuel cell parameters. The validation of this dynamic PEMFC model, using MSMA-optimized parameters, establishes its practical utility in system analysis and real-world fuel cell operation, marking a significant advancement in PEMFC technology management and simulation.

Energy transition strategies in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries

During the last two decades, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have seen their population, economies and energy production growing steeply with a substantial increase in Gross Domestic Product. As a result of this growth, GCC consumption-based carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions increased from 540.79 Metric tons of CO2 equivalent (MtCO2) in 2003 to 1090.93 MtCO2 in 2020. The assumptions and strategies that have driven energy production in the past are now being recast to achieve a more sustainable economic development. The aim of this study is to review and analyze ongoing energy transition strategies that characterize this change to identify challenges and opportunities for bolstering the effectiveness of current strategic orientations. The ensuing analysis shows that since COP26, GCC countries have been pursuing a transition away from carbon-based energy policies largely characterized by the adoption of solar PV with other emerging technologies including energy storage, carbon capture, and hydrogen generation and storage. While as of 2022 renewable energy adoption in the GCC only represented 0.15 % of global installed capacity, GCC countries are making strong efforts to achieve their declared 2030 energy targets that average about 26 % with peaks of 50 % in Saudi Arabia and 30 % in the UAE and Oman. With reference to solar energy, plans are afoot to add 42.1 GW of solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar power which will increase 8-fold the current installed renewable capacity (5.1 GW). At the same time, oil and gas production rates remain stable and fossil fuel subsidies have grown in the last few years. Also, there is a marked preference for the deployment of CCUS and utility-scale solar energy technology vs. distributed solar energy, energy efficiency and nature-based solutions. The pursuit of energy transition in the GCC will require increased efforts in the latter and other overlooked strategic endeavors to achieve a more balanced portfolio of sustainable energy solutions, with stronger emphasis on energy efficiency (as long as rebound effects are mitigated) and nature-based solutions. Increased efforts are also needed in promoting governance practices aimed to institutionalize regulatory frameworks, incentives, and cooperation activities that promote the reduction of fossil fuel subsidies and the transition away from fossil fuels.

Enhancing microgrid production through particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm

<p>The growing demand for sustainable and efficient energy solutions has led to research on optimizing renewable energy sources within microgrid systems. This study presents a comparative analysis of two prominent optimization techniques, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA), to enhance solar photovoltaic PV and wind production in microgrids. The aim is to achieve a balanced and efficient energy generation that closely matches the load demand, thereby minimizing energy wastage and ensuring a reliable energy supply. The two algorithms are employed using data representing PV and wind production, as well as load consumption, over a 24-hour period. The results are evaluated based on their ability to reduce the gap between energy production and load demand. Our findings reveal compelling insights into the performance of GA and PSO in the context of microgrid optimization. To validate the results obtained from the simulation, the PSO algorithm is implemented on an actual cart Digital Signal Processor DSP platform, using a processor-in-the-loop (PIL). This successful real-world application highlights the practical viability of utilizing PSO to improve solar PV and wind energy generation within microgrids.</p>