Energy Cooperation Research Articles

Experimental investigation and numerical simulation on seismic performance of self-centering bridge bents with energy-dissipation beams

This study explores the creation of self-centering bridge bents with energy-dissipation (ED) beams to enhance seismic resilience. This design combines the concepts of cast-in-place bridge bents with ED components and self-centering rocking piers. The self-centering bridge bent with ED beams integrates cooperative mechanisms, for bearing, stability, energy dissipation, and recoverable capacity. Two types of specimens were designed and constructed: self-centering bridge bents with and without ED beams, referred to as specimens SCB-EDB and SCB, respectively. Quasi-static tests were conducted to thoroughly assess the seismic performance, including lateral force, stiffness, energy dissipation, and self-centering capacity, of these specimens. The results show that both specimens exhibit a distinct flag-shaped hysteresis curve, demonstrating good self-centering capacity. However, the ED beams slightly reduce the self-centering capacity of the bridge bent. Specimen SCB-EDB shows significantly higher lateral force, stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity than specimen SCB. The ED beams also contribute to reducing damage and sliding of the column. Numerical models were established in OpenSees to reproduce the test results of specimens SCB-EDB and SCB. The numerical results closely match the corresponding test results, effectively capturing the hysteresis behavior, skeleton curves, stiffness variations, and energy dissipation capacity. Consequently, both numerical models could accurately replicate the quasi-static test results.

RUSSIAN-MONGOLIAN COOPERATION IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

This article is devoted to the study of existing problems and prospects for the development of cooperation between the Russian Federation and Mongolia in the field of electric power. The author briefly describes the history of the development of Russian-Mongolian relations in this area and current legal framework, another point of interest is the study of existing energy problems in Mongolia. Particular attention is paid to the advantages that the Russian side has in its energy cooperation with Mongolia. The author then analyzes the areas of cooperation between Russia and Mongolia in the field of electric power, specifically: thermal energy (the most important traditional area), development of electrical grid infrastructure, hydropower, nuclear energy and, finally, alternative energy. For each area, the author provides information about the degree of its development in Mongolia and the opportunities available to the Russian side while interacting with Mongolian partners. The article provides a list of the most significant, including those already implemented, those under development, or those with a promising future. In addition, the author studies the existing problems that hinder the deepening of Russian-Mongolian cooperation in the electric power industry, such as opposition from other states (primarily the so-called «third neighbor» countries) and unresolved contradictions regarding Mongolian hydroelectric power station projects in the Selenga River basin. The author concludes that if the Russian side properly realizes the available advantages, there are good chances to resolve the controversial issues and achieve success in the development of Russian-Mongolian cooperation in the electric power industry, thereby contributing to economic growth and strengthening energy security of both countries.

Energy Diplomacy of Turkmenistan: Determining Factors and Legal Framework

Introduction. Energy diplomacy is an effective means of ensuring energy security (international and national) and, at the same time, an instrument for implementing the foreign energy policy of states. Since energy diplomacy is formed and implemented in the conditions of the state legal and international legal environment, the study of its legal component acquires not only theoretical, but also important practical significance. At the same time, the legal aspects of energy diplomacy (both in general and in relation to specific countries) have not yet been systematically developed in the legal literature, including in the science of international law. Based on the analysis of scientific and regulatory material, the article identifies the features of Turkmenistan's energy diplomacy and its legal support.Materials and methods. Within the framework of the study, the sources of international law related to the topic under consideration, political and legal policy documents and acts of national legislation of Turkmenistan are considered. The theoretical basis of the research was the scientific works of experts in the field of international law and energy law, as well as individual studies of the problem of energy diplomacy, including in relation to a chosen country. The methodological basis of the study was presented by general scientific and special legal methods.The results of the study. Factors of a resource-geographical nature, combined with factors of a political and legal nature (the status of Turkmenistan as a permanently neutral state) determine the originality of foreign energy policy and, significant from the point of view of international law, the features of Turkmenistan's energy diplomacy. The main strategic priority of Turkmenistan's energy diplomacy is to increase the export potential of oil and gas products and, in this regard, to create an extensive, modern and efficient infrastructure for transit and delivery of energy resources to foreign energy markets, comprehensive legal support for these processes. Reliance on the potential of multilateral diplomacy (primarily in the UN system) for the international legal legitimization of their national interests in the energy sector is combined with the development of bilateral international legal relations of energy cooperation on terms of mutual benefit, while respecting the basic principles of international law. The head of state plays a special role in the development and legal formalization of Turkmenistan's energy diplomacy. Embargoes, as well as unilateral restrictive measures, used in the practice of a number of States and individual integration associations, are not used as a means of economic pressure on other States. Special importance is attached to preventive diplomacy within the framework of the Central Asian region.Discussion and conclusion. Turkmenistan's energy diplomacy, being the main means of implementing its foreign energy policy, has an international and constitutional legal framework, in turn, including: the UN Charter and other fundamental international legal acts establishing the basic principles of international law and the provisions of the Constitution of Turkmenistan on adherence to these principles, taking into account its permanently neutral status; Resolutions The UN General Assembly and acts of the constitutional legislation of Turkmenistan relating to the legal formalization and implementation of its permanent neutral status; norms of international law and provisions of the constitutional legislation of Turkmenistan regulating the main forms of diplomatic activity; special principles of international energy law correlating with the norms of the constitutional law of Turkmenistan.

ENERGY COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA, MONGOLIA AND CHINA

The article is devoted to the consideration of the situation in the trilateral energy cooperation between Russia, Mongolia and China. The authors analyze the current state and prospects of energy development of the three countries from the point of view of mutual cooperation. The author pays special attention to the prospects of signing an agreement for the supply of gas from Russia in transit through Mongolia to China. The article presents the strengths and weaknesses of this project and analyzes the reasons for delaying the negotiation process.

Robust day-ahead scheduling of cooperative energy communities considering multiple aggregators

Future cities must play a vital role in reducing energy consumption and decarbonizing the electricity sector, thus evolving from passive structures towards more efficient smart cities. This transition can be facilitated by energy communities. This emerging paradigm consists of collectivizing a set of residential installations equipped with onsite renewable generators and storage assets (i.e., prosumers), which can eventually share resources to pursue collective welfare. This paper focuses on cooperative communities, where prosumers share resources without seeking selfish monetary counterparts. Despite their apparent advantages, energy management and scheduling of energy communities suppose a challenge for conventional tools due to the high level of uncertainty (especially due to intermittent renewable generation and random demand), and privacy concerns among prosumers. This paper addresses these issues. Specifically, a novel management structure based on multiple aggregators is proposed. This paradigm preserves users' confidential features while allowing them to extract the full potential of their assets. To efficiently manage the variety of assets available under uncertainty, an adaptive robust day-ahead scheduling model is developed, which casts as a solvable and portable Mixed Integer Linear Programming framework, which eases its implementation in real-world cases. The new proposal concerns uncertain generation and demand using a polyhedral representation of the uncertainty set. A case study is conducted to validate the developed model, showing promising results. Moreover, different results are obtained and analysed. Finally, it is worth remarking on how the level of robustness impacts the collective bill, incrementing it by 75 % when risk-averse conditions are assumed. In addition, the role of storage assets under pessimistic conditions is remarked, pointing out that these assets rule the scheduling plan of the community instead of renewable generators.

Thermoelectric metadevice-assisted cooperative magnetic-free transverse energy transport

Thermoelectric metadevice-assisted cooperative magnetic-free transverse energy transport

Research on the evolution and venting characteristics of gasoline–air mixture explosions in confined pipeline trench spaces

In recent years, international energy cooperation has become more extensive, and the safe and reliable transportation of oil and gas resources has become increasingly important. However, storage and transportation sites can have confined spaces in engineering practice, which can lead to safety problems. There is a risk of gasoline–air mixture explosions in confined spaces such as pump rooms, valve operation rooms, and inspection wells, particularly in Class B and Class C pipeline trench areas that utilize non-sand-filled trenches or where the local depth exceeds 2.0 m. These locations are equipped with doors, manholes, or ventilation openings for personnel access within oil storage zones. To investigate the combustion characteristics of gasoline–air mixture explosions in such confined spaces, experimental research was conducted on a simulation platform (L/D = 15, V = 0.015 m3). The findings reveal the following: (1) the most hazardous initial gasoline–air mixture volume fraction for ignition at the upper ignition point is 1.7%; (2) the morphology of the internal flame evolves through four distinct stages, with the post-explosion flame shapes resembling “brush-like” and “mushroom cloud” formations; (3) low YCH = 1.1%, medium YCH = 1.7%, and high YCH = 2.3% volume fractions of hydrocarbons were selected to analyze the progression of the explosion development process; (4) the external overpressure distribution during venting explosions, with varying initial gasoline–air mixture volume fractions, conforms to the function y = ae−bx as the distance L varies, with venting pressure waves exhibiting a trend of exponential decay.

A Fuzzy PROMETHEE Method for Evaluating Strategies towards a Cross-Country Renewable Energy Cooperation: The Cases of Egypt and Morocco

Recognising the urgency of addressing climate change and the imperative to mitigate its effects, the European Union (EU) has embarked on a transformative journey to reshape its energy landscape, with a pronounced emphasis on harnessing renewable energy sources (RESs) and augmenting their contribution to electricity generation. To propel Europe towards sustainable development through its energy transition, EU member states are encouraged to foster collaborative efforts on a European scale, inviting neighbouring countries to participate in joint ventures aimed at leveraging RESs for electricity generation. Consequently, it becomes imperative to evaluate the potential depth of cooperation among these nations, assessing how such partnerships can align with Europe’s overarching objectives while fostering mutually beneficial conditions. This paper seeks to undertake a thorough analysis and evaluation of the potential impacts of such cooperation, both in advancing RES objectives and in promoting broader cooperation goals concerning the countries involved. The appropriate methodological framework has been developed, utilising and implementing the fuzzy PROMETHEE multicriteria decision analysis method, to address the problem’s multidimensional character, intending to implement an appropriate action plan and promote production from RESs. The methodology has been applied to assess alternative strategies in two case study countries, Morocco and Egypt, while important outcomes have emerged towards the successful implementation of cooperation mechanisms promoting RES.

Efficient Near-Infrared Quantum Cutting in Y2O3 co-doped with Ho3+, Yb3+ Phosphor for the Application in Solar Cell

Abstract: An efficient Near-Infrared Quantum Cutting has been demonstrated in Ho3+ and Yb3+ co-activated Y2O3 sample, synthesized by a complex based precursor solution method. The phosphors have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Crystal structure photoluminescence (PL) and CIE Chromaticity analysis. The phosphor materials give efficient emission in the green region both through UC and PL, while efficient NIR emission is observed through the QC process. The Photoluminescence emission (PL) spectra of Y2O3 doped 1% Ho3+ x% Yb3+ (x= 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 50) samples, The cooperative energy transfers from one Ho3+ to two Yb3+, an intense NIR emission around 549 nm of Yb3+ 2F5/2 - 2F7/2 transition was obtained under 449 nm excitation. Near infrared photons (wavelength range 549 nm) emitted by an Yb3+ ion pair. The Properties of Y2O3 doped with Ho3+ and Yb3+ quantum-cutting phosphors are dependent on various factors such as dopant concentration, crystallinity, homogeneity, particle size. Effective control of the above parameters the quantum-cutting ability of the phosphor material. Small particle size of the quantum-cutting phosphor Y2O3:Ho3+, Yb3+ make it a suitable candidate for its application in solar cells.

Pragmatism and Ideology in Russian-German Energy Relations

For a long time, cooperation between Russia and Germany in the energy sector was based on bilateral interests and economic pragmatism, but recently in its relations with Russia the Federal Republic of Germany has been demonstrating ideologisation and loss of sovereignty in the important sphere of energy supply. This article investigated the history of bilateral energy relations, their characteristics, the political consequences of their disruption, and the results of the German energy policy. The results of the study include quantitative data on the volume of energy co-operation between the two states in the energy sector, as well as the status and dynamics of the German energy sector over the last 30 years. The main conclusions of the study are: 1) the thesis of Germany’s declining opportunities on the world stage because of its shrinking economic power has been proved.2) The assumption of the importance of low-cost energy supplies from Russia for Germany has been confirmed. 3) The vulnerability of the German political system to external influence through destructive political forces has been revealed. The final conclusion was that ideology has taken priority over pragmatism in German energy and foreign policy towards Russia in recent years.

Cooperative energy interaction for neighboring multiple distribution substation areas considering demand response

With the growing integration of renewable energy into medium- and low-voltage distribution networks, the distribution substation area (DSA) has emerged, encompassing energy storage and loads. This paper introduces an energy interaction framework for multiple DSAs aimed at enhancing local renewable energy consumption. The energy interaction issue among various DSAs is modeled as a Nash bargaining problem to encourage energy exchanges. However, the variability in pricing and internal demand response may influence scheduling decisions, necessitating further investigation. To address price forecast errors, scenarios are developed using a stochastic programming approach to represent price uncertainties while adjusting the DSA’s load accordingly. Optimal power flow constraints are integrated into the model to bolster power system operation security. Additionally, the transmission capacity can impact scheduling outcomes and operational costs. The influence of transmission limitations on operational strategies is examined within the allowable capacity. To solve this issue, the bargaining model is divided into two subproblems, and an enhanced alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) is used to maintain the privacy of DSAs. The simulation results obtained using the IEEE-33 bus system indicate that energy interaction among multiple DSAs significantly lowers operating costs and facilitates the integration of renewable energy.

Cooperative energy optimal control involving optimization of longitudinal motion, powertrain, and air conditioning systems

This paper is concerned with the optimal control strategies for the longitudinal control, powertrain, and air conditioning (A/C) system of connected four-wheel hub-drive electric vehicles (EVs). A hierarchical control framework is developed to enhance the energy economy of the vehicle. Real-time connected information is utilized in the upper layer to determine the travel mode. Then, a multi-objective motion planning system (MOMPS) is proposed to plan the optimal acceleration trajectory. In the lower layer, an offline global optimization approach is employed to find the torque combinations that minimize the total power loss. The proposed A/C controller operates based on the bi-level model predictive control (Bi-level MPC) algorithm. A novel prediction model is developed to enable the A/C system to decrease energy consumption by leveraging the speed of the vehicle. The performance of the MOMPS is evaluated using urban test road data, demonstrating that the MOMPS can balance multiple objectives compared to global dynamic programing (Global DP) and the intelligent driver model (IDM). In addition, the proposed torque distribution strategy results in a 4.98% energy-savings rate through comparison with the even torque distribution strategy. Moreover, the A/C controller proposed in this paper can optimize energy consumption by 13.57% compared to a baseline strategy that maintains a constant setting.

International political aspects of OPEC+ activities in the context of energy diplomacy of Russia and Saudi Arabia before and after the start of the special military operation

The growing interstate rivalry sweeps more and more areas of international relations, including energy issues. While the ‘traditional’ oil and gas exporters are trying to maintain or even strengthen their current positions, new players in the oil and gas market are trying to challenge the status quo. The changing situation on the oil market due to the ‘price war’ between the United States and OPEC countries serves as a clear manifestation of this trend and encourages the OPEC members to coordinate their policies more closely with external partners. This paper aims to identify the prerequisites and assess the dynamics of cooperation between Russia and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) within the OPEC+ framework. The first section of the paper examines the logic behind the OPEC+ agreement in the context of the development of energy cooperation between the Russian Federation and the KSA before the outbreak of the Ukrainian crisis. The authors note that the new format demonstrated stability within the first years of its existence and generated closer cooperation between the hydrocarbon exporting countries. The second section examines the development of OPEC+ in the face of increased geopolitical pressure from the United States and its allies. The authors conclude that the efforts of Washington and oil importing countries to undermine energy cooperation within the OPEC+ format have not succeeded, on the contrary the international stance of the group members has only strengthened. In conclusion, the authors emphasize that OPEC+ not only contributes to the stability of energy prices, but also brings tangible political benefits to its members. At the same time, according to the authors, the future of this format largely depends on the dynamics of international environment and, particularly, on the scale of the US-Russian confrontation.

Preface

3nd ASEAN International Conference on Energy and Environment (AICEE) Nusa Dua Bali, Indonesia, 24 August 2023 Accelerating a Just, Secure, and Resilient Energy Transition in ASEAN through Innovation and Interconnectivity Introduction ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) is an intergovernmental organization within ASEAN structure that represents the 10 ASEAN Member States’ (AMS) interests in the energy sector. With their growing population and economic growth, AMS are expected to be a new global epicentrum of energy market in the future. This trend pushes energy security as one of the highest priorities in energy development in the region. On the other hand, the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC) Phase II: 2021-2025, a regional blueprint on energy cooperation, has a theme and sub-theme in which embracing energy transition is one of the key elements to achieve regional energy security and environmental sustainability. To further accelerate the progress towards a sustainable future, enhance collaboration among various sectors, and bridge the gap between academia, policymakers, and businesses, we are delighted to announce that the ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) will be hosting the 3rd ASEAN International Conference on Energy and Environment (AICEE) in conjunction with The ASEAN Energy Business Forum (AEBF) 2023 and The 41st ASEAN Ministers on Energy Meeting (AMEM) on August 24-25, 2023. These events will offer a platform for academics, practitioners, and stakeholders to network, exchange ideas, and explore innovative solutions to address the challenges of energy and the environment. The conference will take place in Bali, a stunning island renowned for its breathtaking scenery and rich cultural heritage. This unique location will provide participants with a memorable and immersive experience, allowing them to explore the fascinating local culture and gain a deeper understanding of the region’s energy and environmental issues. The event promises to be a remarkable occasion fostering collaboration and driving progress towards a sustainable future. This year’s AICEE is the third edition of the annual flagship conference held by ACE. Under the 3rd AICEE, we received 145 extended abstracts, accepted 96 extended abstracts to be compiled as Conference Proceeding and invited 76 authors to submit their full papers. To proceed with the publication, 59 papers are recommended to be the IOP Publishing process, and 44 papers are accepted for the IOP Publication of 2023 AICEE Volume. The 3rd AICEE was convened in-person presentation in partnership with Universitas Pendidikan Nasional (UNDIKNAS), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Energy Research Institute (ERI) Chulalongkorn University, National Energy Technology Center-National Science and Technology Development Agency (ENTEC-NSTDA), (ASEAN Climate Change and Energy Project (ACCEPT), Universitas Indonesia (UI), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Hawaii University, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN). List of Theme, Topic, Key Dates, Participants, Agenda, Steering Committee, Scientific Committee, Organizing Committee and Documentation are available in this Pdf.

A general framework for metaverse based on parallel computing and HPC

As virtual and actual universes merge inside the creating metaverse, requests have pointedly ascended for continuous, intuitive, and intense encounters. The ability of the metaverse to effectively analyze and render complicated links and information supplied by clients is critical for realizing that goal. These demanding computational demands are starting to be supported by parallel processing, and high-performance computing (HPC) is beyond uncertainty key to this domain. The integrative framework presented in this paper addresses the core challenges of inertness, flexibility, and ease of use while integrating equal registration into the metaverse. The system enables prompt handling of client actions and quick response times by distributing calculations over multiple processors, which is essential for the seamless client experience. It also manages the vast amount of metaverse material and interactions as well as the various data processing needs. The paper looks at intrinsic equal processing difficulties in this unique climate, including creating versatile and energy-effective equal calculations that consider load adjusting and asset designation. It features the need to democratize equal figuring assets to produce metaverse extension while accentuating the significance of information protection and security conventions in multi-client settings. The cooperative energy between metaverse development and equal registering progressions vows to push limits, empowering remarkable degrees of virtual submersion and collaboration.

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank's Role in Promoting Sustainable Hydropower Projects: A Comparative Analysis of the Mangdechhu and Punatsangchhu-I Projects

This study compares the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)-led Mangdechhu Hydroelectric Project with the World Bank-supported Punatsangchhu-I Hydroelectric Project. By comparing the approval and implementation process, multilateral and regional cooperation, sustainable development factors, and challenges and coping strategies of these two hydropower projects, it is concluded that AIIB has a clear advantage in promoting sustainable energy projects. AIIB has demonstrated an efficient project approval and implementation process, as well as close multilateral and regional partnerships. In addition, AIIB has systematically focused on the environmental, social and economic impacts of the project, so that sustainable development can be balanced in the progress of energy projects. However, the agency's pressing issues include technical difficulties, environmental protection, and population resettlement. In order to meet these challenges, AIIB needs to strengthen the learning of experience, optimize the project strategy, and expand the scope of cooperation. The findings of this study have guiding value for policymakers and academia. In future energy cooperation and investment, governments, multilateral development banks and relevant institutions should learn from the practical experience of AIIB and formulate more effective and targeted policies and plans. By tackling challenges together, we will contribute to solving global energy problems and promoting sustainable development.

Key Components of Energy Cooperation Based on the Game Analysis Between China and the Central Asian Region

Key Components of Energy Cooperation Based on the Game Analysis Between China and the Central Asian Region

FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROSPECTS FOR CREATING GREEN ENERGY PROJECTS IN THE UKRAINE-POLAND COLLABORATION

This paper examines the economic and financial advantages of improving international collaboration between Ukraine and Poland in the development of alternative energy projects. It conducts a thorough evaluation of existing and forthcoming renewable energy generation technologies, using expert, Delphi, and methods based on statistics to identify the most promising and universally applicable solutions. The calculation of the payback period for small-scale green energy projects pays particular attention to the actual duration of the period in the case of small business ventures. The findings are summarized with a vision for the future Ukrainian-Polish cooperation in the scope of green energy cooperation and specific instruments and processes that could contribute to the success of the collaboration.The article outlines the potential approach that involves the isolation of the cooperation between Ukraine and Poland in green energy relying on the creation of investment and venture funds, public support for the manufacturing of a renewable energy component, and the establishment of non-volatile industrial complexes. Additionally, measures such as independent small alternative power plants and the initiatives for the development of the Ukrainian-Polish joint network of alternative energy are mentioned.The current war between Ukraine and Russia has drawn attention to the crucial need for energy security and diversification, making Ukraine-Poland collaboration on green energy projects all the more important. Ukraine may minimize its reliance on the Russian energy supply by focusing on renewable energy programs, while Poland can invest in sustainable energy to boost regional stability and economic progress. The article points out that the continuation and advancement of green energy initiatives require international cooperation. The paper offers detailed guidance on how the financial, economic, and technological opportunities and relations between Ukraine and Poland may be enhanced.

Azerbaıjan’s Relations wıth Central Asian Turkic States and Energy Diplomacy

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Turkic states in the Caucasus and Central Asia encountered significant political, economic, and social crises, which profoundly shaped their foreign policies. By 1993, Azerbaijan, having achieved political stability, began capitalizing on its energy resources to engage in global projects and incorporated Russia into its strategy. Through effective use of both hard and soft power in its energy diplomacy, Azerbaijan strengthened its ties with Western countries. This strategy not only cemented Azerbaijan's independence on a solid political and economic basis but also established its energy export model as a crucial component in the integration of Turkic states. The ongoing Russia-Ukraine War has revived opportunities for enhanced cooperation among these nations. This study investigates the evolution of Azerbaijan's energy diplomacy with Turkic states since independence and posits that the Russia-Ukraine conflict will further promote energy cooperation. Initially, the study outlines the framework of Azerbaijan's energy diplomacy. It then examines the legal foundations of its energy relations with Central Asian Turkic states. Finally, the study explores practical collaborations and potential opportunities in energy diplomacy both before and after the onset of the war.

EU–Russia energy cooperation: implications for Lithuania’s energy security

EU–Russia energy cooperation: implications for Lithuania’s energy security