Energy Consumption In Regions Research Articles

The Impact of China’s National Sustainable Development Experimental Zone Policy on Energy Transition

Energy transition plays a crucial role in supporting sustainable economic growth and the reduction in carbon emissions. In fact, China implemented the national sustainable development experimental zone policy to achieve sustainable development goals, including an energy transition. This paper divided the energy transition dimension into energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions based on the perspectives of energy input and output. Furthermore, using panel data for 214 cities at the prefecture level in China from 2006 to 2019, the study measured the impact of the national sustainable development experimental zone policy on energy transitions by employing a difference-in-difference (DID) model and an intermediary effect model. The results showed that the national sustainable development experimental zone policy reduced energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions and accelerated energy transition. The conclusions still held after a series of robustness tests. Additionally, the results of the heterogeneity analysis of different experimental zone types indicated that, compared with prefecture-level experimental zones, county experimental zones play a more obvious role in reducing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, the results of the heterogeneity analysis of the urban geographical location showed that the national sustainable development experimental zone policy had different negative effects on urban energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in different regions, and the impact of policy on energy transition was experienced, in decreasing order, by the western, central, and eastern regions. The results of the mechanism verification indicated that the national sustainable development experimental zone policy can affect energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions via technological progress and upgrading industrial structure, which had a relatively high aggregation order in the variables deployed.

The Effect of Solar Control Elements on Building Energy Consumption in Hot Dry Climate Regions The Case of Diyarbakır

The Effect of Solar Control Elements on Building Energy Consumption in Hot Dry Climate Regions The Case of Diyarbakır

Study on regional differences and influencing factors of energy consumption in China.

Energy is becoming more and more important in the process of development. Through cluster analysis, 30 provinces chosen from the Chinese mainland are divided into high, medium, and low energy consumption regions, and the Theil index is used to analyze the characteristics of total energy consumption and other characteristics of regional differences. Based on this, an enhanced Panel-STIRPAT model is constructed. Through data and model inspection, panel models suitable for each region are selected for comprehensive analysis. The results show that: there are regional differences in energy consumption in China, and the total regional differences mainly come from within each region. The factors affecting energy consumption in different regions are the same, but due to differences in geographical environment and stress levels, the influence of these factors on energy consumption in different regions is different. Based on this, reasonable measurements to control energy consumption in different regions are presented.

Energy Balance Data-Based Optimization of Louver Installation Angles for Different Regions in Korea

A louver is a traditional environmental control device and passive architectural element based on an ecofriendly concept. Louvers are architectural elements that can be used to regulate natural lighting, thermal environment, and building energy use. To realize these integrated functionalities of louvers, they must be designed considering the climate and geographical characteristics of the target region. However, these aspects are typically not considered during building design in Korea, resulting in lovers being used as design elements with simple natural lighting control functions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to promote the integrated use of louvers by optimizing the louver angle according to the microclimate in Korea from the viewpoint of thermal energy use. We performed load and energy simulation planning and calculation and conducted optimization studies for the louver angle and range of motion for each region. The energy consumption in central and southern Korean regions was minimized when the angles of the fixed louvers were 45°–75° and 60°–90°, respectively. Kinetic louvers could enhance thermal energy management when installed at 30°–75° in spring, 135°–165° in summer, 75°–165° in autumn, and 45°–75° in winter. These findings can promote the realization of integrated functionalities of louvers from the perspective of indoor environment comfort based on the microclimates of the Korean regions.

Does the use of renewable energy increase carbon productivity? ——An empirical analysis based on data from 30 provinces in China

Renewable energy consumption has a strong driving force for promoting energy conservation and emission reduction, and is a new way to achieve clean and low-carbon development. Based on this, this paper uses the data of renewable energy consumption, carbon productivity, GDP, population, energy efficiency and technological innovation of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, and empirically analyzes the impact of renewable energy consumption on carbon productivity in 30 provinces in China, using STIRPAT model, comprehensively considers spatial horizontally and temporal vertically dimension. The empirical results show that: (1) China's carbon productivity shows a significant spatial spillover effect , its impact can spill over to adjacent areas within 1000 km; (2) China's renewable energy power consumption plays a significant role in promoting the improvement of carbon productivity. (3) Renewable energy consumption in the western region plays the most important role in driving carbon productivity. Finally, according to the temporal and spatial relationship between renewable energy consumption and carbon productivity in different regions, we provide specific regional policy suggestions. • The STIRPAT model is employed to explore temporal and spatial impact, while it considers sub regions. • Spatialy, the impact can spill over to adjacent areas within 1000km. Temporally, the impact fluctuates and rises. • The positive role of renewable energy consumption is found in China's western region.

Key issues of energy consumption in Russian industrial regions

In any country of the world, the issues of the development of the energy industry today are very resonant in view of the dependence on it of all subjects of industry and ordinary households. The increasing volumes of consumption of electric and other types of energy on a global scale for production purposes justify the importance of maintaining energy sources in working condition. At the same time, the limited quantity and low rates of restoration of the corresponding natural resources as non-renewable energy sources confirm the need for qualitative modernization of the ways of their use. In addition, the issues of optimizing energy consumption and achieving a more efficient ratio of energy production and its use are of particular importance. Thus, an increase in renewable energy sources in the structure of energy consumption of industrial facilities in the regions, as well as the decentralization of the energy market will have favorable economic consequences and will have an impact on the growth of the country's economy as a whole. In the current conditions, the problems of energy consumption in the industrial sector are ambiguous and require special approaches to solving optimization problems, taking into account current trends in energy consumption, as well as the specifics of the geographical location of the region.

Energy performance in residential buildings: Evaluation of the potential of building design and environmental parameter

Buildings are responsible for dominant amount of energy consumption in hot regions. The predominant quantity of energy consumption is connected to existing buildings. The aim of this work is to highlight solutions for current buildings, in order to contribute to a reduction in the amount of energy consumed. Thermal insulation, window to wall ratio and shading devices are major variables in this study. It is expected that WWR is a leading variable in energy performance in hot regions. In addition, the research is questioning the impact of each variable on building. TAS EDSL used for energy analysis to envision energy efficiency in the building case study as well as some advanced equipment. The study carried out the influence of zone functionality in residential building with a particular consideration of the use of kitchen, bedroom and office. Southern orientation is responsible for a rise of 3 °C in indoor temperature, however, this orientation found to be favourable in winter time as zero heating loads was observed. The research found that the size of glazing system is the prime variable which can be adjusted according to required daylight and heating sources in the region. The findings further indicate that thermal insulation and window to wall ratio can have a major impact on energy consumption and thermal comfort in hot regions. Reduction of WWR into 20% has improved energy consumption by 15%. For energy efficiency as well as daylight quality, WWR should not exceed 30%. The influence of reduction of WWR is substantially greater in cooling compared to heating demand. The study also revealed that ASHRAE and CIBSE found to be misleading when applied in hot regions.

Concept for Biomass and Organic Waste Refinery Plants Based on the Locally Available Organic Materials in Rural Areas of Poland

The importance of developing efficient and environmentally friendly means of biomass conversion into bioenergy, biofuels, and valuable products is currently high in Poland. Accordingly, herein, two new energy and biofuel units are proposed, namely, POLpec and POLbp, which are used as reference sources for comparing energy consumption and biofuel production in other countries or regions in the world. One POLpec equals 4400 PJ (195.1 Mtoe), reflecting the annual primary energy consumption of Poland in 2020. Meanwhile, one POLbp equals 42 PJ (1.0 Mtoe), referring to the annual production of biofuels in Poland in 2020. Additionally, a new import–export coefficient β is proposed in the current study, which indicates the relationship between the import and export of an energy carrier. More specifically, the potential of biomass and organic waste to be converted into energy, biofuels, and valuable products has been analysed for the rural areas of Poland. Results show that the annual biomass and organic waste potential is approximately 245 PJ (5.9 Mtoe). Finally, the concept of a biomass and organic waste refinery plant is proposed based on the locally available organic materials in rural areas. In particular, two models of biomass refinery plants are defined, namely, the Input/Output and Modular models. A four-module model is presented as a concept for building a refinery plant at the Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute in Poznan, Poland. The four modules include anaerobic digestion, gasification, transesterification, and alcoholic fermentation. The primary reason for combining different biomass conversion technologies is to reduce the cost of biomass products, which, currently, are more expensive than those obtained from oil and natural gas.

Exergy analysis and optimisation of an industrial-scale circulation counter-flow paddy drying process

Drying is a process of removing water from products down to a specific moisture content. It is an energy-intensive process widely-used for grain and biomass processing. Because of the complicated thermodynamics and transport phenomena involved in drying, it is challenging to analyse and optimise drying operations. In this study, computer simulations using a transient model are performed to simulate the real-time paddy drying, and analyse the exergy components, exergy efficiency, exergy loss and destruction of industrial-scale drying process under changing drying air temperature (60–80 °C) and flow velocity (0.56–0.83 m/s) and initial moisture content (0.22–0.3 g water/g wet matter) on a circulation counter-flow paddy dryer. Results show our model can predict paddy moisture content and temperature with mean relative deviations of 5.5% and 1.42%, respectively. Exergy efficiency of drying process is specified to be in the range of 28.75–35.68%. Main factor affecting drying rate and energy consumption in high moisture content regions of drying process is drying air flow velocity while that in low moisture content regions is drying air temperature. We also propose control strategy based on two-stage variable ventilation parameters that achieves high exergy utilization level, high drying rate, and high product quality for grain drying.

Comparative Analysis of Trade Liberalization, CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Southeast Asian and Latin American Regions: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

This study compares the nexus among trade liberalization, CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth in Southeast Asian and Latin American countries. We apply the structural equation modeling approach for estimation analysis of the data from 1991 to 2018. The empirical findings of this study validate that trade has a positive and statistically significant effect on energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and gross domestic product (GDP) in Southeast Asian countries. Whereas in Latin American countries, trade shows a positive insignificant impact on energy consumption, but the coefficients for both CO2 emissions and GDP are positive and statistically significant. Energy consumption also exhibits a positive significant effect on CO2 emissions and a positive statistically insignificant effect on GDP in the Southeast Asian region. However, in Latin American countries, energy consumption predicts a positive and statistically significant impact on both CO2 emissions and GDP. Whereas, CO2 emissions indicate a positive significant effect on GDP in both regions. Therefore, each country’s government in both areas should formulate appropriate policies to promote green technologies in the production and exports, which could help economies to achieve a clean environment and sustainable long-term development.

The dynamics of CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and economic development: evidence from the top 28 greenhouse gas emitters.

Previous studies have done more research on the relationship between carbon emission reduction, energy consumption, and economic growth in specific countries or regions, which rarely consider the issue of heterogeneity between countries or regions, and also lack the refinement of energy consumption categories. Using panel data from 2000 to 2017, this paper divided the top 28 global carbon emission countries into developed countries and developing countries, and explores co-integration and causality between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon emission. Results suggested that there is a two-way causal relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth in all economies. There is a two-way causal relationship between economic growth in developed countries and consumption of renewable and non-renewable energy, while there is no significant relationship between economic growth and energy consumption in developing countries. There is a two-way causal relationship between carbon emissions and renewable energy in all economies, but there are significant differences; there is a two-way causal relationship between carbon emissions in developed countries and non-renewable energy, and only one-way causality exists in developing countries.

Renewable energy, urban primacy, foreign direct investment, and value-added in European regions

This study examines the relation among renewable energy consumption, urban primacy, net FDI inflow, and value-added in manufacturing, construction and mining, services, and agriculture sectors from 2000 to 2019 in four-panel of European regions, Western Europe (WE), Eastern Europe (EE), Northern Europe (NE), and Southern Europe (SE). This research uses the 3SLS simultaneous equation estimation as the main methodology and the panel data cointegration test to check the stationarity. The results show the causality among the renewable energy consumption and agriculture sectors is positive in NE and SE region and negative in EE and WE region. Construction and mining sectors have no causality in SE and EE regions, and, bidirectional causality in NE and WE regions with renewable energy. Finally, the service sector and agriculture sector have bidirectional causality with renewable energy consumption in EE, WE, NE, and SE regions.

Assessing the Effect of Building Skin Adaptability on Energy Consumption in Hot Arid Regions

Building skins have a vital role in energy efficiency, particularly in terms of the conservation or consumption of energy. Many factors must be considered by designers to prevent wasting significant quantities of energy, to preserve and provide internal air conditioning and lighting, particularly in hot dry locations where the integration of sun protection systems is highly recommended. This pilot study looks at the challenge of developing energy-efficient building skins in hot regions like Biskra city by applying a natural daylight strategy represented by a parameterised moveable shading component to the skin of a hospital patient’s room. In this research, we aim to assess the adoption of building skin parameterisation as a beneficial technique for reducing energy consumption and improving internal temperature and lighting in this environment by developing and implementing a computational design methodology. Promising experimental results demonstrate the benefit of this proposal. The use of parameterisation in the design of patient’s room skins, with moveable, tightly folded morphology, providing self-shading, are essential and effective techniques for ensuring good natural lighting and reducing both temperature and energy consumption..

Modelling of a multistage reciprocating humidifier and performance analysis for various packing configurations

Excessive energy consumption has led to environmental problems and climate change. Cooling of the building is the key reason for energy consumption in hot regions. Due to the consistent sunlight intensity and high temperatures, the use of cooling units are inevitable. Single stage humidifiers are widely used which provided evaporative cooling consistently. Present work focuses on designing and fabricating a novel multistage reciprocating humidifier operated by a cam follower mechanism. Four packings are operating at four different positions in dynamic conditions. A theoretical model has been constructed to predict the thermal performance parameters using commercially available celdek packing 7090, 5090, honeycomb and corrugated. Theoretically predicted results agree with the experimental results with a maximum deviation of 2.1%., 4.8% and 8.6% for DBT, humidity ratio and saturation efficiency. Variation of the results is studied stage wise, and its change in performance is analyzed. Simulated results indicated that celdek 7090 outperformed the others in terms of change in dry bulb temperature, humidity ratio and saturation efficiency by 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.2% for the airflow rate of 5.6 m/s, respectively. Increasing the pad thickness showed improvement in the drop in dry bulb temperature, increased humidity ratio, and saturation efficiency. It is recommended to use zig-zag celdek 7090 type with 15 cm thickness in a multistage cooler to obtain the best performance for cooling applications in buildings with less cost.

Thermal Behavior and Energy Efficiency of Modified Concretes in the Tropical Climate: A Systemic Review

Concrete remains the most utilised construction material for building envelopes, which regulate the indoor temperature to achieve human thermal comfort. Often, the energy consumption for building performance appraisal is related to the thermal behaviour of building materials as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems all variously contribute to human comfort. Following the development of concrete technology, many types of concrete have been invented to serve several purposes in the construction industry. To clearly understand the concrete type tailored for the specifics of a construction project, the local climate, concrete mechanical properties, and concrete thermal behaviours should be primarily identified to achieve energy efficiency, which also suits the sustainability of global materials. This paper, therefore, reviews the modified concrete thermal behaviours in the tropical climate for more systematic city planning in order to achieve better energy efficiency. Urban heat islands in the tropics and contributing factors, as well as heat transfer mechanisms, are first highlighted. The requirements of concrete thermal behaviour for building envelopes are then discussed through specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, time lag, and decrement factor in the context of applications and energy consumption in the tropical regions. With a case study, it is found that concrete thermal behaviours directly affect the energy consumption attributed mainly to the use of cooling systems in the tropics. The study can be a reference to mitigating the urban heat island phenomenon in the planning of urban development.

Exploring the impact of 3D movie watching on the brain source activities and energy consumption by ESI and fNIRS

To explore the impact of three-dimensional (3D) movie watching on brain function, we proposed a novel approach based on electroencephalogram (EEG) source imaging (ESI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Using this novel method, we investigated the regions of the human brain that are activated and the energy consumption in the prefrontal regions after watching 3D movies from the perspective of the electrical activity of neurons, the brain source activities, the brain energy consumption, and local oxygen supply to the brain. ESI results showed that prefrontal and occipital lobes were strongly activated (p < 0.05) after 3D movie watching and the fNIRS results showed that oxyhemoglobin (HbO) concentration increased significantly on 40 channels underlying the prefrontal region (p < 0.05) after 3D movie watching. This activation was identified by the difference of brain signals at rest before (R3Db) and after (R3Da) 3D movie watching, using support vector machine (SVM), it showed that the average accuracy of classification of R3Db and R3Da achieved up to 95.3%, validating the accurate locating of the activated brain regions of our results. The prefrontal and occipital lobes were strongly activated and the energy consumption in prefrontal regions increased significantly after 3D movie watching. The occipital lobe is important for visual processing and the prefrontal can regulate emotions, behavior, and perception. Therefore, 3D movie watching may affect the visual processing, cognitive functions, and emotions of the brain. This study may help to better understand the effects of 3D movie watching on brain function.

A quantitative analysis of the impact of residential cluster layout on building heating energy consumption in cold IIB regions of China

Residential heating energy consumption in China accounts for about 34% of the total building operation energy consumption in the country. The layout pattern of residential clusters is one of the most critical factors affecting building heating energy consumption, yet few scholars have studied the layout of residential clusters in a quantitative way. This paper takes Jinan, a typical city in cold region IIB of China, as an example, to quantify and analyse the residential layout parameters related to heating energy consumption: group layout, building orientation and building spacing; ECOTECT and HTB2 are used to model and simulate the energy consumption of the three types of layout residential groups selected for the study, and the relationship between residential group layout parameters and residential heating energy consumption is analysed based on multiple linear regression analysis. The relationship between residential group layout parameters and residential heating energy consumption was analysed based on multiple linear regression analysis. The study shows that, on the premise of ensuring the same building density, the group layout has the greatest influence on the building energy consumption, and the courtyard layout has lower heating energy consumption compared to the row and staggered layout; on this basis, the influence of building orientation and building spacing on heating energy consumption is discussed. The study shows that increasing the spacing between buildings to meet the daylight spacing will reduce energy consumption by 4% and that a 15° shift to the west will reduce energy consumption by 5%. This result confirms the importance of cluster layout in terms of heating energy consumption and urban energy efficiency in cities in cold regions.

Determination of driving forces for China's energy consumption and regional disparities using a hybrid structural decomposition analysis

China receives great global attention for its energy consumption. To implement effective and fair policies to save energy, it is critical to understand what drives China's energy consumption and regional disparities. Most of previous studies failed to include indirect factors embodied in the inter-sectoral and regional input-output flows. Therefore, a hybrid structural decomposition analysis is conducted to explore drivers of energy consumption and regional disparities. The results present: (1) energy, directly or indirectly, is flowing from coastal regions to Northwest, Southwest and Central China. (2) The growth of residents' income to contribution of energy consumption is by 106.7% and 169.8% during 2002–2007 and 2007–2012, respectively. Meanwhile, the positive impact of income on energy consumption is larger in urban than rural areas, and the structure effect has a significantly negative impact on energy consumption in Northwest and Southwest regions. (3) By factors, the substitution effect non-energy to energy inputs in industry sector might bring more energy consumption. By sectors, the technological advancement of the non-industry sectors decreases energy consumption by 31.7% and 174.6% during 2002–2007 and 2007–2012, respectively. Technological advancement of industry sectors plays the most important role in increasing energy consumption across China.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN CONTINENT

This study aims to examine the relationship between the non-renewable energy consumption of the countries and their economic status since energy consumption and production appear to be interconnected phenomena. This study analyses the Eastern, Middle, North, South, and Western regions of the European continent from 1990 to 2014. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to analyze the relationship between non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth in the European continent by region. The study adopts a panel causality process to examine the relationship between two phenomena. According to the empirical analyses, there is bidirectional causality between non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Eastern, Middle, North, and South European regions whereas a unidirectional relationship from non-renewable energy consumption to economic growth in the Western. Non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth are still interconnected phenomena in the European countries even though climate concerns, environmental precautions, and promotion to reduce unsustainable production.

Energy Consumption in Regions on the Way to Sustainable Innovative Development under Crisis

The article analyses the volume of electricity consumption in the Russian Federation and in several Russian regions. The study was held taking into consideration the statistical data from 1998 to 2019. The authors developed an economic and mathematical model showing the influence of various factors on the electricity consumption. Among the main factors, they identified the gross regional product, the gross regional product per capita, electricity prices, and the exchange rate. They also draw conclusions about the significance of the factors included into the model that influence on the amount of energy consumed. An overview of approaches to the analysis of factors affecting the volume of energy consumption is made. The influence on the process of sustainable innovative development is determined, and a balanced approach to improving the energy efficiency of the domestic economy is proposed.