Enemy Fire Research Articles

DESIGN FEATURES OF THE MANIPULATOR-MOTOR FOR MULTI-PURPOSE ROBOTIC PLATFORMS

It has been established that the use of multi-purpose robotic platforms (MPRP), as one of the types of ground robotic complexes, is an important factor that allows preserving the life and health of servicemen on the battlefield. It was found that the movement of MPRP, and as a result, the performance of assigned tasks, is often limited (loss of stability and passability) as a result of difficult terrain areas, or as a result of destruction caused by enemy fire. The well-known approaches that allow to ensure the multi-functionality of individual parts of the MPRP to improve their stability and passability were analyzed and it was established that they do not realize in their design features the use of multi-functional manipulators, which, if necessary, can perform the functions of a stepping or wheel drive. A new approach is proposed, which consists in the application of multi-functional manipulators (manipulators-movers) on the MPRP, which, in the event of extreme movement conditions, can, in addition to the manipulator function (grab, transfer of objects), perform the function of a walking or wheeled mover (ensuring movement over areas of the terrain). The results of designing and modeling in the Solid Works software environment are presented. An analysis of the design features of the manipulator-mover for MPRP was carried out and it was established that the multi- functionality of the manipulator-mover is implemented by introducing new elements and connections, in particular, in the manipulator mode, with minimal mass-dimensional parameters, an increase in the available space is achieved with the possibility of endless rotational movements of the captured object in any direction, and in the driver mode, when four manipulators-drivers are located on top of the MPRP in pairs, symmetrically on both sides, the functions of stepping or wheel drivers are provided.

SIMULATION MODEL FOR UNMANNED AERIAL COMPLEXES AT LAUNCHING POSITIONS SURVIVABILITY ASSESSEMENT

The relevance of issues related to the justification of the rational approaches to the combat operations planning using unmanned aircraft systems, which are now assigned the main role in attacking the enemy by fire, necessitates the development of methods for evaluating such actions. The issue of increasing the survivability of unmanned aircraft systems under combat conditions is of important applied importance. The subject of the study is the unmanned aircraft systems application under the conditions of enemy action planning process. The article uses operations research methods. The purpose of the work is to develop a simulation model in the form of an algorithm, that allows conducting process research based on quantitative estimates and substantiating decisions aimed at increasing the survivability of unmanned aircraft systems under conditions of enemy action. By varying the parameters of the simulation model, it becomes possible to develop the most rational solutions for the unmanned aircraft systems use, ensuring the maximum level of their survivability under the specific conditions of combat operations. A simulation model is proposed, with the help of which it is possible to quantitatively evaluate decisions regarding the tactics of using UAV and finding ways to increase the level of their survivability under the conditions of enemy fire. During the implementation of the proposed model, statistics of the results of the simulated fire impact are accumulated, that allows to calculate estimates of the probability of UAV, deployed at the launching positions, to get various degrees of damage. By varying the specified parameters, it becomes possible to develop the most rational solutions aimed at increasing the survivability of UAV under the specific conditions of combat activities performing. The proposed simulation model for the survivability of unmanned aircraft systems assessment may be used in the decision support system for the appropriate level commander.

DEVELOPING ORIENTEERING IN UKRAINE DURING STATE OF WAR, INDOOR ORIENTEERING

The article analyzes the possibility of training and orienteering competitions during state of war in Ukraine. Today, Ukraine is the most mined country in the world, any territory in Ukraine is bombarded and shelled by missiles and drones every day. Therefore, the population is prohibited from entering the territories where hostilities took place, forest areas around cities. In such conditions, it is safe to hold orienteering training and competitions indoors. The authors give examples of such competitions’ organization. Indoor orienteering competitions have been held in Ukraine also before war - to hold safe orienteering competitions for children and adults, especially in cold winter weather. Now the advantages of such competitions are not visible from the air crowd of people, which can be a target for enemy fire and that competitions are held in buildings with bomb shelters that can be used during an air raid alarm.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ САМОРЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЖІНКИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the formation and self-realization of a modern Ukrainian woman in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. It is argued that self-realization is mainly a conscious, purposeful process of disclosure and objectification of the essential forces of the personality in its various practical activities. The formation of a socially active and harmoniously developed woman depends to a large extent on the personal efforts of the person focused on self-improvement and self-realization as an indispensable condition for achieving success in life. In the context of the current transformation of society, gender stereotypes and gender roles are further changing. More and more women are abandoning traditionally assigned gender roles and taking on new social spheres and corresponding social roles. The complexity of the situation for women lies in the need to combine different gender role models of behavior. It has been found that, despite gender stereotypes and prejudices, many women under martial law took an active part in combat operations, performing combat support tasks, providing medical care, and other important tasks of military service. Some women serve alongside men on the front lines, performing the same roles as riflemen, commanders, and artillerymen. Their courage and determination have set an example for others, while demonstrating that women can be just as effective as men. Many women serve as medics, saving the lives of the wounded, often under enemy fire. Their contribution to saving lives is hard to overestimate. Women scouts, communications operators, and other specialists help ensure successful operations on the battlefield by providing critical information and communication. It is recognized that the burden of war is especially difficult for women who are forced to provide for family life and raise children in difficult conditions when they often cannot rely on a reliable male shoulder. It has been established that women serving in the Ukrainian armed forces have proven to be extremely dedicated, courageous, and competent servicewomen. They try to create a favourable psychological and moral climate, minimising risks and levelling the unattractive features of war.

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It has been established that the conditions under which security force units perform their tasks during a full-scale war have undergone significant changes, leading to a decrease in the survivability of security force personnel both during combat operations and while carrying out law enforcement tasks. The main factors influencing the likelihood of a security officer sustaining a combat injury have been identified, and a comprehensive set of survivability indicators for security force personnel under enemy fire conditions has been developed. Based on these indicators, a list of criteria for the survivability of security force personnel has been proposed.

Creating Space Invaders, a 2D Based Game by Using HTML5 and Javascript

Games are one of the entertainment media that people choose to relieve boredom or just to fill their free time. Apart from being an entertainment medium, games can also be a learning medium to improve a person's brain development. Action games provide a good opportunity to train children's agility in thinking. Action games are games with the main feature of rapid shooting facilities with lots of action where players must have fast reaction skills to avoid enemy fire or avoid obstacles. Most of the action games "Space Invaders" are still or even the graphics and specifications are still low and there are almost no good graphics. This is because there are no applications for making games yet, but as time goes by, there are now applications that can make games easily, but these applications are still rarely used.

A simplified approach to measuring tactical noise from firearms - relative to STANREC 4785

Soldiers firing a small arm will emit sound that has a position disclosing effect, that may lead to incoming enemy fire. Recently NATO STANREC 4785 "Testing Protocol on Acoustic Signature Measurement of Small Arms Suppressors" has been released to quantify this. While this standard may do a good job at quantifying the position disclosing effect, some report that the standard is to complicated to use. The question is then if it is possible to design a method that is easier to use, which still produce usable results. Here we present a suggestion for one such method. The suggested method is compared to the STANREC for one example, using the AK-47 rifle.

Peculiarities of organizing online physical education classes and assessment of learning outcomes in the martial law conditions

Purpose. To reveal the peculiarities of the organization and conducting online classes in physical education and assessment of learning outcomes during state of war. The main problematic issues of conducting practical classes in difficult and dangerous conditions during state of war and the differences compared to distance learning and quarantine restrictions due to the Covid-19 pandemic have been identified. Features of implementation of thematic control in physical education, testing the level of preparedness of students and evaluation of learning results were underlined. The lack of time to learn the program material (the workload according to the schedule is 2 hours per week, an average of four classes per module/topic) does not allow solving the problem of the formation of students' physical culture and health competencies. Therefore, the teachers of the department focus on learning methodological recommendations for the development of basic physical qualities and finding optimal options for organizing and conducting independent classes by students. Conclusions. The quality and effectiveness of conducting online practical classes is affected by the presence of objective factors (the presence of students in a combat zone or in regions of constant enemy fire, the lack of suitable places for classes, which depends on their location, and other circumstances related to hostilities in the country; lack or outages of electricity, Internet and other factors) and subjective reasons (students' motivations, desire to study program material, perform physical exercises to maintain their own health, discipline and self-discipline of the student). Testing of students' preparedness level takes place in extraordinary and not the same conditions for all students. Assessment of learning outcomes is not objective and is based on approximate data.

HISTORICAL MEMORY FORMATION ABOUT CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY IN WORLD WAR II TIMES AS AN ASPECT OF INFORMATIONAL CONFRONTATION

The article reveals the peculiarities of Soviet propaganda’s use of the topic of mass executions of the civilian population to form an official model of collective memory of crimes against humanity during the Second World War. In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the official model of the collective historical memory of the Second World War in the USSR did not foresee responsibility for the ruling regime for crimes against humanity or war crimes. It also made it impossible to criticize the use of the civilian population of Ukraine by the Stalinist regime as an mobilization resource, capable of carrying out combat tasks and receiving enemy fire even without being in the ranks of the armed forces.

ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ НЕОБХІДНОСТІ СТВОРЕННЯ МОБІЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ УПРАВЛІННЯ БЕЗПІЛОТНИМИ ЛІТАЛЬНИМИ АПАРАТАМИ НА БАЗІ ШАСІ ВАНТАЖНОГО АВТОМОБІЛЯ

The conducted SWOT analysis made it possible to develop problematic issues that are proposed during the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles, proposals were made for the creation of a mobile complex of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles based on the chassis of a truck. Formulation of the problem. During hostilities, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were widely used. The massive use of the latest robotic (automated) weapons and military equipment on the battlefield is changing the nature of units' actions. Currently, almost every combat unit has a UAV application group. The high efficiency of their use is confirmed by high results on the battlefield. The security and defense forces of Ukraine are armed with dozens of types of UAVs for various purposes and with various capabilities for lifting cargo and carrying explosives. The use of UAV combat units in the field. Launches of lethal vehicles are carried out by hand or with the help of launch devices. With this mobile application group, the BPLA, although it is at a distance from the line of the next combat encounter, does not have sufficient security and protection from enemy fire. Preparation for use, maintenance of UAVs and charging of batteries in stationary conditions the day before, which reduces the efficiency of actions.The deployment of mobile groups of UAV operators is carried out on vehicles that are available to the military unit at the time, and which are not adapted for the high-quality performance of the combat mission by the group. UAV operators and equipment are not protected from exposure to low ambient temperatures and have no protection from small arms and shrapnel damage. Time indicators of deployment on the terrain of the complex for launching UAVs and folding after the completion of a combat mission need improvement. Analysis of recent research and publications. Scientific studies on improving the actions of units equipped with UAVs were carried out in the National Guard even before the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation. For example, in [1-2], data are given regarding the need for intelligence information and the development of a rational procedure for the use of intelligence unmanned aerial vehicles. In [3], the methodological apparatus for researching the problems of using information technologies and telecommunication systems in the process of military management is presented. The purpose of the article is to justify the need to create a mobile complex for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles based on a truck chassis. Provide recommendations on the creation of a mobile complex for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles.

Relationship between the indicators of physical and combat training in paratrooper cadets

Modern combat activity of servicemen of the Airborne Assault Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine takes place in extreme conditions and is characterized by diversity, tension and specificity, significant physical loads, which leads to high requirements for the physical readiness of servicemen, in particular for their versatility – readiness to act in any conditions, environment, time of day. The aim of the article is to investigate the relationship between indicators of physical and combat training in paratrooper cadets. The study was conducted at the Military Academy (Odesa) at the Airborne Assault Troops Specialist Training Faculty in 2020- 2021. 256 male cadets took part in the study. Two groups were formed: Group No. 1 (n=40), whose cadets worked in the Crossfit classes of the academy during their studies, and Group No. 2 (n=216), whose cadets practiced according to the current system of physical training at the academy and did not additionally attend none of the sports classes. The cadets’ physical fitness was assessed by the results of 100 m run, pull-ups, overcoming an obstacle course, 3 km run. The standards of combat training included: landing of personnel in a helicopter; movement on the battlefield; occupying a trench, firing position; delivery of ammunition under enemy fire; packing combat kit into combat vehicles and others. A high level of correlation between the indicators of physical training of cadets of group No. 1, formed in the process of Crossfit classes, and the results of their compliance with combat training standards was revealed. This allows us to assert the effectiveness of Crossfit classes in improving the indicators of military-professional (combat) activity of paratrooper cadets.

‘We watched his whole life unfold. . .Then you watch the death’: drone tactics, operator trauma, and hidden human costs of contemporary wartime

Scholars of war and combat posit that soldiers are more willing to execute strikes on adversaries when they perceive lower risk to themselves or less connection with their targets. Accordingly, technologies like the drone, which drastically expands the distance between adversaries, should make it easier to strike decisively and without remorse. The empirical record tells a different story. Despite operating very far away from the battle theater, drone operators suffer PTSD at the same rate as pilots of manned aircraft. We argue that this unanticipated consequence of drone warfare stems from the unique way in which drone tactics marry spatial distance and temporal duration. Drone operators surveil their targets via detailed video footage for extended periods of time, both before and after firing, in order to identify or locate potential targets, to measure collateral risks, and afterward to assess a strike’s effectiveness. We argue that the clarity and duration of this surveillance tempers any advantage derived from ‘distance’. Spatial distance protects drone operators from enemy fire but temporal proximity exposes them to greater emotional costs of killing than previously thought. Indeed, prolonged observation temporally extends ‘contact’ and mitigates the dehumanizing effects imputed to distance. This unexpected effect highlights a shifting ethical dilemma. In the formulation of the ‘naked soldier’, combatants in a just war deserve respect due to shared vulnerability. Yet while spatial distance physically protects the drone operator, it also requires that they identify vulnerable and legitimate targets through contemporary timing practices that establish intimate knowledge of that target and may thus denude and even heighten the operator’s emotional vulnerability. While others have argued that contemporary wartime features technologies and tactics that undercut conventions about legitimate combat, we uncover an emerging ethical problem in moral and psychological harms associated with the way that drone warfare trades space for time.

The death of King Charles XII of Sweden revisited.

The death of King Charles XII of Sweden has remained as a mystery for more than three centuries. Was he assassinated by his own men or killed by the enemy fire? Charles was killed by a projectile perforating his skull from left to right. In this study, we utilized a Synbone ballistic skull phantom and modern radiological imaging to clarify the factors behind the observed head injuries. We examined whether a musket ball fired from the enemy lines would be the most potential projectile. Our experiments with a leaden 19.5 mm musket ball demonstrated that at velocities of 200 to 250 m/s, it could cause similar type of injuries as observed in the remains of Charles . The radiological imaging supported the theory that the projectile was not a leaden but of some harder metal, as we could detect remnants of lead inside the wound channel unlike in Charles' case. In addition, our experiments showed that a 19.5mm musket ball produces max. 17mm hole into a felt material . The main evidence supporting 19.5 mm projectile size has been a 19-19.5mm bullet hole in a hat that Charles was wearing during his death. Additional experiments with a 25.4 mm steel ball produced approximately 20 mm hole in the felt. As our musket ball experiments also resulted in considerably smaller cranial injuries than those in Charles' case, we can conclude that the deadly projectile wasn't leaden and was more than 19.5 mm in diameter, potentially an iron cartouche ball that was shot from the enemy lines.

Anthropometrics And Body Composition Predict Performance During A Direct-fire Engagement Simulation.

Heavy load carriage is linked to lower performance in direct-fire engagements and higher physiological strain (higher O2 cost, lower cerebral blood flow); which have potential tactical consequences (impaired mobility, marksmanship, cognitive ability). However, performance may also deteriorate with other nonfunctional loads (i.e, excess body fat). PURPOSE: To determine the association between anthropometric and body composition measures and performance during a direct-fire engagement simulation. METHODS: Thirty three healthy male (n = 25) and female (n = 8) volunteers (age 25.7 ± 7.0 yr) underwent a direct-fire engagement simulation. Anthropometric and body composition measures were taken prior to the simulation using a stadiometer and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Marksmanship with cognitive workload and a fire and move drill (16 x 6 m sprints) were completed under combat load (25 kg) during the direct-fire engagement simulation. Marksmanship accuracy and reaction time were assessed as the number of target hits and the time between target callout and engagement, respectively. Cognitive performance was assessed as the number of correct arithmetic problems answered between target engagements. Susceptibility to enemy fire was modeled on sprint duration during the fire and move drill. Partial correlation and multiple linear regression were conducted to establish the relationship between anthropometric and body composition measures and performance outcomes, controlling for age and sex. RESULTS: Higher percent body fat and fat mass predicted greater susceptibility to enemy fire (r = 0.42, p = 0.03 and r = 0.38, p = 0.02, respectively), and worse cognitive performance (r = -0.49, p = 0.01 and r = -0.45, p = 0.01, respectively). Higher body mass index also predicted worse cognitive performance (r = -0.49, p = 0.01). Taller stature predicted worse marksmanship accuracy (r = -0.40, p = 0.02) and higher fat-free mass predicted slower marksmanship reaction times (r = 0.41, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Anthropometric and body composition measures were predictive of survivability (i.e., susceptibility to enemy fire) and lethality (i.e., marksmanship, cognitive performance) during the direct-fire engagement simulation. These data suggest anthropometrics and body composition modulate combat effectiveness.

ПРОГНОЗНІ ОЦІНКИ СИСТЕМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЖИВУЧОСТІ ЗРАЗКІВ ОЗБРОЄННЯ

The article substantiates the dependence of the effectiveness of ensuring the survivability of weapons and military equipment on the levels of intensity of countermeasures against various factors, which are characterized by the capabilities of technical means of countermeasures against the enemy's intelligence and firepower and the capabilities of his forces and means. It is the presence and timely use of opportunities and resources that will contribute to the preservation of the functions of the weapon and its restoration in case of damage. These factors in a generalized form include the counteracting effects of various modern and promising means: on the one hand, reconnaissance and enemy fire; on the other - masking of military equipment in position, movement on the march and preparation for the functioning of weapons and equipment, first of all, through the creation and wide practical application of broadband radio absorbing materials with the necessary properties of absorbing the energy of the electromagnetic field to reduce their visibility. The requirements and possibilities of effective protection of weapons and military equipment using broadband composite polymer ferrite materials that absorb the energy of waves in the microwave and infrared wave ranges of technical intelligence radar and thermal imaging devices are substantiated. It was determined: the dependence of the index of preservation of weapons functions, in the case of the use of radar masking means, on the range of their detection by technical means of intelligence; dependence of the parameters of the forecast trend of changes over time of the indicator of the recovery of weapons samples, in case of their damage by the enemy, and the confidence intervals of the trend on the prospective time interval of their combat use. A method of determining the optimal parameters of the trend of the process of changes over time of the indicator of operational readiness of weapons and military equipment in the event of their failure at a critical time interval of their operation is also proposed, which allows to determine the predictive value of the indicator of readiness for a given time of its application and to determine when the level of this indicator readiness of the weapon sample becomes unsatisfactory. Keywords: weapons and military equipment; technical means of intelligence; evaluation of the results of the use of radio absorbing materials; predictive assessments of survivability and readiness indicators; indicator of preservation of weapons functions, indicator of restoration of a sample of weapons.

Combat exposure and mental health outcomes: The incremental impact of nonsexual harassment on women veterans.

Objective: This study investigated the impact of combat exposure and nonsexual harassment (verbal and nonverbal behaviors that convey negative and harmful attitudes on the basis of minority status) on mental health functioning in female veterans who were deployed Afghanistan and Iraq. Method: Participants (N = 134) completed measures of combat exposure, nonsexual harassment, PTSD, depression, and alcohol use. Results: Binary logistic regression models indicated nonsexual harassment was significantly associated with later symptoms of PTSD and depression, but not problem drinking; combat exposure was significantly associated with symptoms of PTSD and alcohol use, but not depression. Relative risk ratios indicated that for women with even minimal exposure to combat, experiencing nonsexual harassment significantly increased the likelihood of manifesting PTSD, depression, and problem drinking symptoms that met at least minimum threshold for clinical diagnoses. The impact of nonsexual harassment resulted in an almost 4 times greater risk for PTSD symptoms and problem drinking and up to 6 times greater risk for depression when experienced concurrently with combat exposure. Conclusions: Although nonsexual harassment does not pose the same physical threat as assault from enemy fire, findings suggest that it does pose an invisible threat to mental health and contribute to understanding and contextualizing the impact of nonsexual harassment on female veterans' psychological well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

장사정포 요격체계 교전통제소 명령 할당 방식에 따른 효과도 분석

A long-range artillery intercept system is under development to counter the North Korean long-range artillery threat. Simultaneous engagement capability is very important because this system, which consists of radar, engagement control station, and missile launcher, has to deal with a large number of enemy fire rounds in a short time. In this study, we propose a command assignment method for the control center to improve the effectiveness of the long-range artillery intercept system. The proposed algorithm considers the interceptable shoot time of missiles according to the trajectory of the enemy and the possible schedule of each launcher. To verify the superiority of this algorithm, it was compared with the other two methods, distance-based and random. Experiment was executed under the assumption that that a large number of enemies were concentrated in a certain area, and the result was obtained by repeating 100 times. The results show that our method contributes not only to the excellent effectiveness but also to the efficient operation of the launchers. Each launcher fired as many missiles as possible and generated the least amount of idle time. The results of this study can be used as a reference for the long-range artillery interception system as well as other complex systems in the future.

Global casualty care in operation area (cardiopulmonary resuscitation and damage control surgery)

Urgent surgery should not be performed preferably for at least 72 hours after a cardiac arrest to minimize the risk for additional perfusion-related organ injury. However, in peculiar circumstances, especially in a military setting, emergency surgery may be necessary in selected patients to save health and life. A previously healthy 34-year-old soldier developed multiple splinter injuries and mangled injury to his right arm after a missile attack. Due to heavy shelling and enemy fire, he bled profusely and could not be immediately evacuated to the medical aid post. After reaching the first-aid post, he was navigated through various medical echelons before reaching our center (Level III) where he was resuscitated and limb-salvage surgery was done. En route to the hospital, he suffered a cardiac arrest, was resuscitated, and had the second arrest on arrival. He was revived within 3 minutes and rushed to the operation theatre, where damage control surgery was done, including a brachial artery anastomosis. After the initial surgery, he was air-evacuated to the nearest tertiary center, where he was further managed by the vascular surgeon and cardiologist and made a full recovery. Immediate hemostasis of culprit injury is mandatory to make fluid resuscitation effective. Administering effective CPR, volume replenishment using crystalloids and whole blood, balanced anesthesia, damage control surgery, and teamwork can save patients’ limbs and lives.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS ON ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS AND FUNCTIONAL DATA OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

The problem of quality training of officers of artillery units of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine at the present stage of development of military equipment, tactics and operational art requires future officers not only a high level of professional training, but also the most effective development of physical and psychological qualities. Ensuring compliance with the appropriate level of professional readiness in conditions of high motor activity in combat situations and in stressful situations. Steady increase in the role and expansion of the range of tasks to be solved during enemy fire destruction, significant increase in firepower of means of destruction (range and accuracy, rapid fire, ammunition power) increases the requirements for professional training of artillery commanders. In peacetime and wartime, the military-professional activity of officers of JI ground artillery units is to develop standards for combat operations and conduct combat shootings, which requires constant maintenance of comprehensive training. Today’s educational process in the walls of higher military educational institutions urgently needs to be reformatted and practical professional and applied orientation of all its components to the new mode of study, conditions of military service, recreation, psychological and physical stress of cadets. This is accompanied by the adaptation of the youth organism to innovations, will affect the level of physical development and physical condition of future military professionals, which was a generating factor in the detailed study of this aspect. The purpose of our study is to determine the effectiveness of the targeted impact of experimental technology for the acquisition of military-applied motor skills on anthropometric indicators and functional data of the cardiovascular system of cadets. Material. Within the framework of functioning of the system of physical training of higher military educational institutions a four-year educational pedagogical experiment with the application of directed technology for acquiring applied motor skills has been carried out. According to the results of approbation of the author’s technology, the representatives of the experimental group (n=23) showed a positive (p<0,05 and p<0,001) positive dynamics of the parameters of the cardiovascular system, a more favorable reaction of their organism to the conditions of study at the higher military school and higher functional readiness to further professional activity. Results. According to the results of experimental studies with the directed application of experimental methodological influence in the form of targeted technology for the acquisition of military-applied motor skills revealed positive dynamics of functional indicators of the cardiovascular system in EG: heart rate at rest - 8.69 beats / min (11.76 % at t=4.73); systolic blood pressure – 2.61 mm Hg (2.21% at t=1.72); diastolic blood pressure - 3.26 mm Hg (4.17% at t=2.23).

SIMULATION OF AIR FILTERING IN MOBILE PREMISES UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE ENEMY’S FIRE FOR EFFECT

Modern military equipment has a filter ventilation system, employment of which plays a vital role in survival of personnel when equipment enters the cloud of contaminated air with toxic and chemical warfare agents, bacteriological aerosols and hazardous chemicals used in the national economy.
 The filter ventilation system cleans the air from chemical, biological, radiological agents and supplies it to the objects of collective protection in order to ventilate the premises, provide air to personnel, as well as create excess pressure that prevents external contaminated air due to leaks in enclosing structures objects.
 The article presents an improved mathematical model of the functioning of filter ventilation systems in mobile premises under conditions of enemy fire. In contrast to the existing ones, it takes into account the dynamics of changes in the total area of leaks of mobile premises depending on the intensity of fire for effect and the time of their stay under fire. The results of the study of the dependence of the dynamics of changes in the total area of leaks of mobile premises depending on the intensity of the fire and the time spent under fire are highlighted.
 Thus the offered model allows to receive values of indicators of safe stay of personnel in mobile premises and necessary productivity of filter ventilating installations under conditions of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear incident.
 As a direction of further research, modeling of personnel losses depending on the intensity of fire for effect and concentration of toxic substances in the air using simulation models can be used.