Endocrine System Disorders Research Articles

Recent Purification Technologies and Human Health Risk Assessment of Microplastics.

Microplastic (MP)-based contaminants in the environment are pervasive, but standard technologies used for MP identification have not yet been reported. Human beings take up MPs from the environmental ecosystem through the food chain without any particular purification. MPs can penetrate into capillaries from the bloodstream, resulting in endocrine system disorders or toxicity. In this review, we introduced several technologies, such as filtration using membranes, biological degradation, electrocoagulation, and removal using nanoparticles, used for the purification of MPs or related contaminants. Current studies of identification methods of MPs and evaluation tests of MPs exposure-based harmfulness in vitro and in vivo were summarized.

FEATURES OF THE MANIFESTATION OF REHABILITATIVE ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH PRINCIPAL DISABLING PATHOLOGIES

The article presents the results of a psychological study of patients with principal disabling pathologies that form the main structure of disability in the Russian Federation due to malignant neoplasms: diseases of the circulatory system; diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue; diseases of the endocrine system and metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus of the first and second types). The article presents the results of studying a sample of patients by various psychological parameters, provides statistical comparisons of psychological characteristics of patients depending on the specifics of their social situation, in which patients either claim to be disabled and are under conditions of medical and social expertise, implying the possibility of changing social status, or patients of the same nosological categories, who do not claim to be disabled and who are rehabilitating on the basis of their own personal and socio-environmental resources outside of the "disabled" status. Psychological techniques are presented, the specificity of emotional and personal parameters is analyzed and characterized, including personality frustration and experience of the significance of the disease in the spheres of life, self-esteem indicators, identification characteristics, strategies that provide rehabilitation adherence, which characterize the activity of patients in the compared groups in many ways. The conceptual position that defines the activity of patients as «rehabilitative» has been substantiated. The results of the study revealed statistically significant differences in psychological indicators in the compared groups of patients rehabilitating outside the "disabled" status and patients claiming to be disabled. The indicators obtained in the study indicate that the personal self-regulation of patients rehabilitating outside the «disabled» status qualitatively differs from the self-regulation of patients claiming disability, in terms of stable self-esteem and belief in the ability to realize life in significant areas of social functioning, in the ability of perspective planning of the future, in active self-realization of social roles, active participation in interpersonal, leisure, professional, household and other spheres, high responsibility for one's health, against the background of stable emotional perception of the current social situation of the disease.

Associations between serum concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances and DNA methylation in women exposed through drinking water: A pilot study in Ronneby, Sweden

BackgroundPerfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread synthetic substances with various adverse health effects. A potential mechanism of toxicity for PFAS is via epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation. However, few studies have evaluated associations between PFAS exposure and DNA methylation among adults, and data is especially scarce for women. Furthermore, exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with epigenetic age acceleration, but no studies have yet evaluated whether PFAS is associated with epigenetic age acceleration. ObjectivesTo investigate whether exposure to PFAS is associated with alteration of DNA methylation and epigenetic age acceleration among women. MethodsIn this observational pilot study, 59 women (aged 20–47 years at enrollment in 2014) from Ronneby, Sweden, an area with historically high PFAS exposure due to local drinking water contamination, were divided into three PFAS exposure groups (low, medium, and high). Genome-wide methylation of whole-blood DNA was analyzed using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used for in silico functional assessment. Epigenetic age acceleration was derived from the DNA methylation data using Horvath’s epigenetic skin and blood clock. Results117 differentially methylated positions (q < 0.017) and one near-significantly differentially methylated region (S100A13, FWER = 0.020) were identified. In silico functional analyses suggested that genes with altered DNA methylation (q < 0.05) were annotated to cancer, endocrine system disorders, reproductive system disease, as well as pathways such as estrogen receptor signaling, cardiac hypertrophy signaling, PPARα/RXRα activation and telomerase signaling. No differences in epigenetic age acceleration between PFAS exposure groups were noted (p = 0.43). ConclusionThe data suggests that PFAS exposure alters DNA methylation in women highly exposed to PFAS from drinking water. The observed associations should be verified in larger cohorts, and it should also be further investigated whether these changes in methylation also underlie potential phenotypic changes and/or adverse health effects of PFAS.

Extrapulmonary Clinical Manifestations in COVID-19 Patients.

.COVID-19 manifestations in symptomatic patients can be in the form of pneumonia, acute respiratory syndrome, and multiple organ dysfunction as well. Renal complications, gastrointestinal dysfunctions, endocrine system disorders, myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmia, neurological dysfunctions, dermatological symptoms, hematological manifestations, and thromboinflammation are among the reported extrapulmonary complications. Moreover, the presence of coagulopathy, excessive and dysregulated immune responses, and autoimmunity by COVID-19 patients is considerable. The pathogenesis of infection entails the entry of the virus via receptors on cells, principally angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors. Direct virus damage coupled with indirect effects of viral infection including thromboinflammation, dysfunction of the immune system, and dysregulation of the renin–angiotensin system leads to multiple organ failure. This review outlines the extrapulmonary organ–specific complications and their pathophysiology and epidemiology.

WD40-Repeat Proteins in Ciliopathies and Congenital Disorders of Endocrine System.

WD40-repeat (WDR)-containing proteins constitute an evolutionarily conserved large protein family with a broad range of biological functions. In human proteome, WDR makes up one of the most abundant protein-protein interaction domains. Members of the WDR protein family play important roles in nearly all major cellular signalling pathways. Mutations of WDR proteins have been associated with various human pathologies including neurological disorders, cancer, obesity, ciliopathies and endocrine disorders. This review provides an updated overview of the biological functions of WDR proteins and their mutations found in congenital disorders. We also highlight the significant role of WDR proteins in ciliopathies and endocrine disorders. The new insights may help develop therapeutic approaches targeting WDR motifs.

Morbidity in 47,XYY syndrome: a nationwide epidemiological study of hospital diagnoses and medication use

PurposeA systematic description of morbidity in 47,XYY syndrome based on nationwide registry data of hospital diagnoses and prescribed medication. MethodsAll males in Denmark diagnosed with 47,XYY syndrome during 1960–2014 were identified. Each was matched with 100 male controls from the general population. Diagnoses related to hospital encounters (1977–2014) and prescriptions (1996–2014) were analyzed by negative binominal regression and Cox regression, respectively. Results47,XYY syndrome was associated with a significantly increased overall incidence of hospital diagnoses (incidence rate ratio = 2.30, confidence interval [CI]: 1.99–2.65), including a significantly increased incidence of diagnoses associated with congenital malformations and genetic disorders as well as with psychiatric, neurologic, respiratory, urogenital, endocrine, circulatory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal system disorders. Diagnoses associated with infections, skin and eye disorders were significantly increased as well. 47,XYY syndrome was associated with a significantly increased occurrence of prescriptions overall (hazard ratio = 1.25, CI: 1.10–1.44), with sex hormones and medication related to the urogenital system, blood, and nervous system being most prominently increased. Conclusion47,XYY syndrome is associated with a significantly increased morbidity owing to a wide variety of diseases. Increased awareness of the diverse morbidity in 47,XYY syndrome may help guide clinicians assessing 47,XYY males, thereby improving long-term health outcomes.

Effect of complex therapy of medulloblastoma in childhood and adolescence on bone mineral density

Medulloblastoma is the most common childhood malignant tumor of the posterior cranial fossa. A comprehensive treatment approach, including surgery, polychemotherapy and radiation therapy, inevitably leads to the development of various long-term consequences from the endocrine system, including a negative impact on bone tissue. Reduced linear growth rate, low adult height and low peak bone mass are well-known long-term effects of treatment. Based on data from Russian and foreign researchers, as well as our own experience, this review presents the endocrine consequences of treatment of malignant tumors of the central nervous system in childhood and adolescence, and summarizes the risk factors for various endocrine system disorders, including a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). The review pays special attention to the assessment of BMD in a group of patients who have had cancer in childhood and adolescence and have undergone complex treatment, as well as the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children.

Progesterone affects the transcription of genes in the circadian rhythm signaling and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes and changes the sex ratio in crucian carp (Carassius auratus)

Progesterone (P4) is an extensively applied progestin in human and veterinary medicine that has been widely detected in ambient aquatic environments, which can be detrimental to the health of aquatic organisms. Here we investigate the long-term effects of P4 on the transcription of genes related to the circadian rhythm signaling pathway and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes in the crucian carp, which may have a potentially negative on endocrine-disrupting and sex differentiation impacts. Our results suggest that the expression of genes associated with the circadian rhythm signaling pathway are altered following exposure for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 d, leading to disorders in the endocrine system disorders and the regulation of HPG axes-related gene expression. These maladies may affect gonadal development and the reproductive systems of crucian carp and provide a plausible mechanism for the observed change in sex ratio toward females after 180 d.

Oral Manifestation for Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction and it’s Management in Dental Clinic -A Review

Aim: Review the most important management of thyroid gland dysfunction. The thyroid is the most important gland is a bilobular structure located on both sides of the trachea. Thyroid functions disturbance most the second common of the endocrine system disorder, it's increased among women it about 5% of the population women have thyroid dysfunction, and about 6% can clinically be detected of the thyroid nodules by palpation.Conclusion: The dentist determined thyroid dysfunction and avoid dental complications result in a dental clinic by taking information also take care about cardiovascular statuses due to some patients suffer atrial fibrillation with anticoagulation therapy, that made need antibiotic prophylaxis before treated. The hypothyroidism Patients sensitive to barbiturates and central nervous system depressants so the drug used for medications very little. The dentist must be given fluoride as a drug as a treatment for hyperthyroidism patients due to the fluoride act to reduce thyroid activity by its ability to mimic the action of thyrotropin (TSH). fluoride linked to thyroid problems. A patient must avoid the effect of fluoride on their thyroid can utilize from fluoride-free Toothpaste like Carifree, an oral neutralizer gel.

The impact of landfills on incidence and prevalence rate of diseases across rural population

The purpose – to explore the impact of landfills on the incidence and the prevalence of diseases across rural populations.Materials and methods. The study was carried out in the rural Mizhhirsky district of the Transcarpathian region, on the territory of which there is a certified waste landfill of the village Tishne and 64 unauthorized landfills. A visual inspection of the certified landfill of the village Tishne was conducted and the chemical composition of its soils was explored. In order to determine the impact of landfills on the health of the population of the district using statistical data, a comparison between the indicators of the incidence and the prevalence of disease across the rural populations of the Mizhhirsky region and the Transcarpathian region in the main categories of diseases for the period 2015–2017 was made.Results and their discussion. In the course of the study it was found that the presence of negatively affects the disease prevalence rate across the rural population and the prevalence of disease rate in certain categories of illnesses. Thus, the presence of landfills contributes to an increase in the level of disease incidence in the following categories: nervous system, some infectious and parasitic diseases, endocrine system, nutritional and metabolic disorders, injuries, poisoning and some other effects of external factors, blood and hematopoietic organs diseases and individual disorders involving immune mechanism. Also, the presence of landfill sites negatively affects the prevalence of diseases in the following categories: nervous system, blood diseases and hematopoietic organs and certain disorders involving immune mechanism, injuries, poisoning and some other effects of external factors, the diseases of genitourinary system and some infectious and parasitic diseases.

Hypothyroidism in a physician’s practice: difficulties of diagnostics and treatment

Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disease after diabetes mellitus. Its frequency depends on age, sex and iodine intake. The highest prevalence of hypothyroidism is observed in older women. Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of this condition. The peculiarity of hypothyroidism is an erased clinical picture, diversity and nonspecific symptoms. This makes it difficult to diagnose the disease, leads to an erroneous diagnosis and later detection of thyroid insufficiency. This article discusses the various «masks» of hypothyroidism and peculiarities of clinical manifestations. The main «masks» are: cardiological, dermatological, urological, gastroenterological, endocrine and reproductive system disorders, neurological, psychiatric, hematological, rheumatological. Free thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone are used to diagnose hypothyroidism, as well as antibody titer to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin to detect chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. Levothyroxine preparations are used as a substitution therapy. The dose of the drug depends on the age of the patient and the presence of cardiovascular disease. Patients under 50 years of age without a severe concomitant cardiovascular disease are given 1.6 µg of levothyroxine per kg of body weight. In persons over 50 years of age with cardiovascular diseases, the drug dose is prescribed at the rate of 0.9 µg per kg of body weight. The therapy starts with small doses, slowly increasing it under the control of electrocardiography. At occurrence or strengthening of symptoms of angina a dose of levothyroxine is reduced to the previous one and the cardiovascular therapy is corrected. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment is carried out on the level of thyroid hormone.

Epidemiology of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury and Hypothalamic-Pituitary Disorders in Arizona.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children can result in long-lasting social, cognitive, and neurological impairments. In adults, TBI can lead to endocrinopathies (endocrine system disorders), but this is infrequently reported in children. Untreated endocrinopathies can elevate risks of subsequent health issues, such that early detection in pediatric TBI survivors can initiate clinical interventions. To understand the risk of endocrinopathies following pediatric TBI, we identified patients who had experienced a TBI and subsequently developed a new-onset hypothalamic regulated endocrinopathy (n = 498). We hypothesized that pediatric patients who were diagnosed with a TBI were at higher risk of being diagnosed with a central endocrinopathy than those without a prior diagnosis of TBI. In our epidemiological assessment, we identified pediatric patients enrolled in the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System (AHCCCS) from 2008 to 2014 who were diagnosed with one of 330 TBI International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 codes and subsequently diagnosed with one of 14 central endocrinopathy ICD-9 codes. Additionally, the ICD-9 code data from over 600,000 Arizona pediatric patients afforded an estimate of the incidence, prevalence, relative risk, odds ratio, and number needed to harm, regarding the development of a central endocrinopathy after sustaining a TBI in Arizona Medicaid pediatric patients. Children with a TBI diagnosis had 3.22 times the risk of a subsequent central endocrine diagnosis compared with the general population (±0.28). Pediatric AHCCCS patients with a central endocrine diagnosis had 3.2-fold higher odds of a history of a TBI diagnosis than those without an endocrine diagnosis (±0.29). Furthermore, the number of patients with a TBI diagnosis for one patient to receive a diagnosis of a central endocrine diagnosis was 151.2 (±6.12). Female subjects were more likely to present with a central endocrine diagnosis after a TBI diagnosis compared to male subjects (64.1 vs. 35.9%). These results are the first state-wide epidemiological study conducted to determine the risk of developing a hypothalamic-pituitary disorder after a TBI in the pediatric population. Our results contribute to a body of knowledge demonstrating a TBI etiology for idiopathic endocrine disorders, and thus advise physicians with regard to TBI follow-up care that includes preventive screening for endocrine disorders.

Features of health changes and its subjective adoption by teen in specialized and professional education

Aim. Determining the characteristics of subjective perception of health, depending on its existing disorders in adolescents studying in various types of educational institutions. Materials and methods. The study of the state of health according to the results of in-depth medical examinations and subjective perception of health by adolescents according to the results of a screening survey of 273 senior students (10–11 grades), who studied in two gymnasiums of Kharkiv, and 320 students of three vocational education institutions in Kharkiv. Results. High pathological prevalence rates were found among high school students (2672.4 ‰) compared with students in vocational schools (2026.5 ‰). The girls' health, regardless of the form of training, was distinguished by more negative characteristics. An analysis of the subjective perception of existing problems with adolescents' own health showed a higher «level of ill health» among vocational school students (19.7 ± 0.4) points versus (17.6 ± 0.3) points among high school students. The structure of schoolchildren’s complaints is dominated by asthenic manifestations (40.0 ± 0.8), the phenomena of hypovitaminosis (25.3 ± 0.5), cardiac rheumatological disorders (21.4 ± 0.6), while among students of vocational schools more often endocrine system disorders (24.6 ± 0.4) and neuropsychiatric disorders (24.5 ± 0.5) points. Conclusions. The opposite of the situation in the complaints of adolescents and the data of medical examinations testifies to the low quality and lack of proper monitoring of in-depth medical examinations among adolescents who have begun vocational training. Negative trends in the health status of adolescents with various forms of education have been identified, which indicates the need to strengthen preventive work in order to prevent the negative impact of harmful factors in a modern educational institution.

CYP19A1 Gene Expression in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Context:Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine system disorder among the women of reproductive age, yet the etiology of PCOS remains unclear. Infertility in females with PCOS can be caused by anovulation, high luteinizing hormone levels, and hyperandrogenism.Aims:This research analyzed the role of the aromatase gene (CYP19A1) in PCOS pathogenesis.Settings and Design:This study used an observational, cross-sectional design.Subjects and Methods:A total of 110 research participants (55 PCOS patients and 55 non-PCOS patients) were included in the study.Statistical Analysis Used:A real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the mRNA expression for aromatase in granulosa cells.Results:The relative expression of aromatase mRNA is lower in women with PCOS compared to those without PCOS (P < 0.05). Relative expression of CYP19A1 (aromatase) mRNA in PCOS group was 0.38 ± 0.25, whereas in non-PCOS group was 1.00 ± 0.00. The decline in aromatase activity contributes to an increase in testosterone level. This condition has a role in hyperandrogenism which is a typical characteristic of PCOS women. Granulosa cells in polycystic ovary undergo disturbance in the development and cannot respond to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation. Lack of stimulation of FSH causes induction inadequacy to aromatase enzyme activity in the aromatization process. The decline in FSH activity is caused by various factors that are associated with typical characteristics of PCOS.Conclusions:There is a decrease in the relative expression rate of granulosa cells’ aromatase mRNA in women with PCOS compared to the non-PCOS.

Assessment of quality of life of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in tertiary care teaching hospital in North India

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is a standard indicating a person’s life in better condition as compared to a diseased person or patient. Diabetes itself is not a dangerous disease if managed properly, but it becomes life-threatening after a certain time period because of the patient’s poor interest in disease management and treatment adherence. Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine system disorder that invokes lack of insulin secretion in the bloodstream. The study was conducted to assess the QoL of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with QoL instrument.Methods: Questionnaire based cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted at Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital, Moradabad, for a duration of 6 months from January - June 2019, on 196 patients of type-2 diabetes mellitus.Results: On an average 56.5% people have accepted that due to the diabetic condition their working proficiency is decreased. 80.3% of patients have accepted that they were facing problems due to diabetic symptoms. Similarly, 84% of patients have accepted that the ongoing treatment was quite expensive than their expectations. Finally, the last section of the patient’s emotional/mental satisfaction showed that 49.7% of patients were very satisfied with their family support while 13.7% of patients were not satisfied.Conclusions: QOL instrument for Indian diabetes patient’s instrument helped to evaluate the patient’s physical strength, psychological strength of the patient during disease condition, the response provided from the family members and relatives, the economical status of the patient and its effects on their living.

Comorbid Metabolic Disorders in Chronic Lung Diseases

BACKGROUND. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are often accompanied by various metabolic disorders, aggravating the course and worsening the prognosis of pulmonary pathology. The study of the mechanisms of interaction of systemic inflammatory reactions associated with chronic lung diseases in patients with concomitant metabolic disorders will improve methods for prevention and treatment of complications of this comorbid pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, a literature search has been conducted on the relationship between chronic pulmonary disease and metabolic disorders, as well as the metabolomics of chronic pulmonary disease. RESULTS. Available evidence indicates the role of endocrine system disorders in the pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary pathology. In particular, metabolic concomitant diseases significantly worsen the quality of life of patients and increase mortality. On the other hand, improvement in the metabolic profile in certain categories of patients with chronic lung diseases can positively affect the course of the disease. Preclinical studies indicate the importance of therapeutic recovery of metabolic disorders and the use of circulating metabolites as biomarkers for disease prognosis and treatment response. CONCLUSIONS. Monitoring of metabolic parameters, in particular glucose, lipids, thyroid hormones, calcium and vitamin D, should be a part of everyday clinical practice in all patients with COPD, asthma and ILD. Prescribing specific treatment based on the patient’s metabolic profile can slow progression and reduce mortality in chronic lung diseases.

RESEARCH OF THE PROPERTIES OF GRAPE PROCESSING PRODUCTS IN RELATION TO ITS APPLICATION IN SPA AND WELLNESS INDUSTRIES

The work analyzes the global experience of using wines and grape-processing products to support a person’sphysical, mental, and psychological health, to slow down aging, to prevent and treat many diseases, in particular cardiovascular andoncological ones, endocrine system disorders, etc. It has been shown that a great deal of waste, including marc, is obtained whileprocessing grapes and producing wine. The fact has been pointed out that in Ukraine, the technologies of using wine-making waste infood and cosmetic industries and in medicine are being developed and introduced but slowly, though the level of viticulture is high.The importance and prospects of finding ways to process grape marc have been proved, as its valuable chemical composition allowsobtaining dietary supplements and oenotherapeutic products for spa and wellness industry. The following rational parameters havebeen suggested to extract the most valuable biologically active substances (polyphenols) from grape marc: microwave extraction;specific power of the microwave installation 1.6–1.7 kW/kg; 40% ethyl alcohol as the extractant; proportion of water(hydromodulus) 1:5; extraction temperature 60–65°C; 4 heating stages; stage interval 1.5–2 minutes; total extraction time 12–14minutes. The physico-chemical parameters of the marc extracts obtained from the grapes harvested in 2016 and 2017 have beendetermined. It has been established that, besides polyphenols, a whole complex of biologically active substances is extracted. It hasbeen shown that grape marc can be used to produce dietary fibre, pectins, and other valuable substances. The medical and biologicalproperties of the polyphenolic complex obtained from marc (the Odesky Chorny variety of grapes) have been studied on laboratoryrats to determine its antioxidant activity and the prospects of its use in treating type 2 diabetes. The protective properties of theobtained product have been proved. Such processes have been established to take place as the mobilization of the antioxidant systemof cells, the normalization of the enzyme activity of the antioxidant protection system, and a decrease in the level of markers ofoxidative modification of proteins and lipids (that are higher than normal with diabetes mellitus). It has been suggested to usepolyphenolic complex extracts in oenotherapy as a skin and face care product with protective properties.

Role of yoga in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common endocrine system disorder among women of reproductive age most women with PCOS have many small cyst on their ovaries hence it is called PCOS. The cysts are not harmful but leads to hormone imbalance. One hormone changes triggers another, which changes another forming a various cycle. The incidence of PCOS appears to rising in India day by day it is seen as many as 5% to 10% of women in their reproductive age the incident is increasing may be due to change in life style to more sedentary existence overtime, lack of physical exercise, stress, strain, high caloric food &amp; indiscriminate dietary habit result in metabolic, endocrinal, reproductive disturbances. Therefore women faces various problem related to reproductive disorder like irregular menstrual cycle, ovarian cyst, miscarriage, irritability, abdominal bloating, hair loss, acne, blemishes, hair growth in face, increase weight etc . To overcome through this problem the people are looking forward to Ayurveda &amp; allied branches of successful option.&#x0D; Yoga can play important role in the prevention &amp; management of PCOS. Yoga can maintain the Physiology of H-P-O axis. Yoga is one of the important refreshing and rejuvenating modalities which can content and even root out stress completely. Since stress is playing important factor in exaggerating PCOS, some of the important asana(posture) Nadishodhan(anulom),Bhramri,Pranayama,Bhadrasana,Suryanamaskar,Bhujangasana,Nau-kasana,Dhanurasana, Padmasana, Shavasana, Kapalbharti. Yoga help to regulate the endocrine glands in body there by beneficial in balancing of hormones Yoga is effective in keeping your ovary &amp; Uterus healthy. Yoga is precious gift which can enrich human life.

The disorders of physical development of children residing in the conditions of low-level contamination of the atmospheric air and drinking water by metals (lead, manganese, nickel, chrome, cadmium) on the example of the Perm region

There was executed a clinical laboratory study of 183 children residing in the conditions of constant low-level impact of a complex of such consumed from atmospheric air and drinking water metals as lead, manganese, nickel, chrome, cadmium) and 46 children residing in the conditions of sanitary-hygienically wellbeing of the habitat. The evaluation of Total Hazard Indices (THI) for conditions of chemical substances entering with atmospheric air and drinking water have revealed the excess of accepted values (THI&gt;1) regarding to disorders of the central nervous system in children (THI amounted for up to 4.93) and disorders ofendocrine system (up to THI of 1.13). The results of chemical-analytical researches showed the blood content of lead, manganese, nickel, chrome, cadmium in children living in conditions of low-dose complex load to exceed the reference level by 1.3-2.2 times. In persistent multi-medium polymetallic load the number of children having physical development disorders was found to increase up to 1.2-1.6 times (body weight deficiency - up to 16.5%). There is determined a verified direct probabilistic relationship of cause and effect ofphysical development disorders in children with high blood content of manganese, nickel, and chrome. Exceeding content of lead, manganese, nickel, and chrome (1.3-9.4 times higher than the reference level and the comparative group) in bio-media of children makes a negative impact on the central and autonomous nervous system, creates disorders in protein-synthetic processes in liver, form early shifts of hypothalamo-hypophyseal regulation with further deterioration of physical development indices.

FEATURES OF THE MORBIDITY IN OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Aim of the study. To estimate the prevalence of the obesity in children and adult population of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the identification of the structure of the overall incidence of child and adolescent obesity. Methods. Clinical, analytical and statistical. The prevalence rate of obesity in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2012-2014 among adults was founded to be of 31-34 ‰, in children - 50-66 ‰. Results. There was noted the gain in the rate obesity in children by 30% over 3 years. In contrast to children with normal weight, in the structure of diseases in obese children in order of significance there are dominated diseases of the endocrine system and nutrition disorders, respiratory diseases, diseases of the digestive system, diseases of the circulatory system and neuro - psychiatric disorders, amounting in total of 75% of all diseases.