Using R Software Research Articles

The CNES Solutions for Improving the Positioning Accuracy with Post-Processed Phase Biases, a Snapshot Mode, and High-Frequency Doppler Measurements Embedded in Recent Advances of the PPP-WIZARD Demonstrator

For many years, the navigation team at the French Space Agency (CNES) has been developing its Precise Point Positioning project. The goal was initially to promote a technique called undifferenced ambiguity resolution. One of the main characteristics of this technique is the capability for a user receiver to perform centimeter-level accuracy in real time. To do so, a demonstrator has been built. Its architecture is composed of three main elements: a correction processing software called the server part, a means to transmit the corrections using standardized messages, and a user software capable of handling the corrections to compute an accurate positioning at the user level. In this paper, we present the recent advances in the CNES precise point positioning demonstrator. They are composed of some evolution of the network of stations and server software, the implementation of the new state space representation standard, a new method for instantaneous ambiguity resolution using uncombined four-frequency signals, its implementation in real-time at the server and the user level, and the use of high-rate Doppler measurements to improve the accuracy of the solution in harsh urban environments. On top of that, the computation of high-accuracy post-processed phase biases with the majority of current GNSS signals supported, compatible with the uncombined method and a new online positioning service to demonstrate the capacity of the user software, is demonstrated.

Assessing the Usability of E-Learning Software Among University Students

Higher educational institutions are implementing e-learning system software to improve the quality and delivery of content and make distance learning easier. E-learning has become an important component of education because of the growing need in the technological era and plays a vital role in teaching digital literacy. Therefore, this study aims to assess learners' attitudes towards e-learning software usability. This study aimed to explore the effects of key factors of e-learning software usability on the satisfaction level of university learners. Data were collected from 200 university students using questionnaires. Questionnaires were validated using a t-test for partial hypothesis analysis.

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Planning Software for Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty.

Three-dimensional planning of hip arthroplasty is associated with better visualisation of anatomical landmarks and enhanced mapping for preoperative implant sizing, which can lead to a decrease in surgical time and complications. Despite the advantages of hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA), it is considered a technically challenging procedure and associated with inaccurate implant placement. This study aimed to examine the validity, reliability, and usability of preoperative 3D Hip Planner software for HRA. Fifty random cases of various hip osteoarthritis severity were planned twice by two junior trainees using the 3D Hip Planner within a one-month interval. Outcome measures included femoral/cup implant size, stem-shaft angle, and cup inclination angle, and were assessed by comparing outcomes from 2D and 3D planning. An adapted unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) survey was used for software usability. Bland-Altman plots between 3D and 2D planning for stem-shaft and inclination angles showed mean differences of 0.7 and -0.6, respectively (r = 0.93, p < 0.001). Stem-shaft and inclination angles showed inter-rater reliability biases of around -2° and 3°, respectively. Chi-square and Pearson's correlation for femoral implant size showed a significant association between the two assessors (r = 0.91, p < 0.001). The 3D test-retest coefficient of repeatability for stem-shaft and inclination angles were around ±2° and ±3°, respectively, with a strong significant association for femoral implant size (r = 0.98, p < 0.001). Survey analyses showed that 70-90% agreed that 3D planning improved expectancy in four domains. 3D hip planner appears to be valid and reliable in preoperative HRA and shows significant potential in optimising the quality and accuracy of surgical planning.

Rapid Implementation of Teletherapy for Voice Disorders: Challenges and Opportunities for Speech-Language Pathologists

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid restructuring of the clinical management of voice and upper airway disorders by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). As in-person therapy sessions were suspended, voice-specialized SLPs across healthcare settings shifted to online teletherapy. In this survey study, we queried voice therapists on their experiences with and opinions regarding the adoption of teletherapy into routine clinical practice. Voice-specialized SLPs were recruited nationwide to complete an online survey which included questions about the usability of software and hardware, patient management, the effectiveness of therapy, overall satisfaction, and suggestions for improvement. 48 participants completed the survey. The majority of respondents reported frequent technical difficulties and poor access to or understanding of appropriate equipment. Overall, participants endorsed better patient access, attendance, and compliance, as well as increased scheduling flexibility. While 95% of the respondents stated they would recommend teletherapy to another SLP, only 20% supported a shift to exclusively virtual sessions. Forty percent of respondents endorsed a hybrid model consisting of initial in-person sessions followed by virtual ones. Incorporating teletherapy into clinical voice practice has, for the most part, followed Carl May's normalization process theory framework, in that clinicians have invested understanding, training, time and effort, and appraisal into its implementation. However, the unusually rapid pace of change necessitated by the pandemic has presented its own set of challenges. Given the inherent conveniences of virtual therapy, the online modality is likely here to stay. It is critical that we understand the facilitators and barriers to its successful adoption.

Правовые аспекты технической поддержки программного обеспечения правообладателей, ушедших с российского рынка

The article is focused on legal aspects of termination by foreign vendors of technical support for software for Russian users. Based on the analysis of the existing case law, the paper provides the answers to the following questions: 1) Is it possible to demand reimbursement of the price of technical support for a period during which it was not provided by a foreign vendor, and who should make such a reimbursement? 2) Is it possible to receive updates issued by the vendor without an agreement with the copyright holder or his authorised representative and what are the legal risks associated with such activity? 3) Is it possible, from a legal point of view, to perform independent support of foreign software products by users themselves or by the companies specifically engaged by users for this task?

Bioimage informatics: Investing in software usability is essential.

In 2018, PLOS Biology announced CellProfiler 3.0, which has become one of the most used pieces of image analysis software in biology. The rapid adoption of this software speaks to the importance of user experience to disseminate new methods of bioimage informatics.

Webcam-Based Physical Distancing Prototype to Calculate Real-Time Distance by Applying Euclidean Distance

The Covid-19 virus has spread rapidly in Indonesia in recent years, significantly increasing the number of victims in the community. However, there is a lack of warnings for violators of physical distancing. This study aims to create a system as a solution to overcome the problems of implementing physical distancing protocols. Image capture media in the form of cameras were used to monitor human objects in crowded situations by tracking the movement of objects at regular physical distances. In this study, computer vision, image processing, and pattern recognition were used to construct the distance measurement between humans. Using a webcam by applying the Euclidean Distance and Haar Cascade methods, this system is intended to determine the distance between human-made objects. The results demonstrated that a digital image system employing the Haar Cascade and Eucludien Distance methods could make it easier to control the gathering point in a given area. Researcher has developed a software usage assistance feature for use with this application. Based on the findings of the study, the accuracy of this system was evaluated using 100 trials, with a succes rate of 100% since the system resulted correct notification in all trials. In addition, this digital image system is anticipated to assist developers and the general public in controlling gathering locations that do not adhere to established health protocols, allowing violations of physical separation to recognize their errors when captured on camera immediately.

What’s (Not) Working in Programmer User Studies?

A key goal of software engineering research is to improve the environments, tools, languages, and techniques programmers use to efficiently create quality software. Successfully designing these tools and demonstrating their effectiveness involves engaging with tool users—software engineers. Researchers often want to conduct user studies of software engineers to collect direct evidence. However, running user studies can be difficult, and researchers may lack solution strategies to overcome the barriers, so they may avoid user studies. To understand the challenges researchers face when conducting programmer user studies, we interviewed 26 researchers. Based on the analysis of interview data, we contribute (i) a taxonomy of 18 barriers researchers encounter; (ii) 23 solution strategies some researchers use to address 8 of the 18 barriers in their own studies; and (iii) 4 design ideas, which we adapted from the behavioral science community, that may lower 8 additional barriers. To validate the design ideas, we held an in-person all-day focus group with 16 researchers.

Improving Software Quality through Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Literature Study on Error Prediction in Software Development

The paper explores the significance of error prediction in software development and discusses the use of deep learning approaches to address this task. It emphasizes the need for proactive error prevention and the limitations of reactive bug- fixing strategies. The study examines various deep learning models, including Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs), and their applicability in error prediction. The conclusions drawn from the study highlight the strengths of each model. RNNs are effective in capturing temporal dependencies and sequential patterns in error data, enabling the analysis of error progression over time. CNNs excel at extracting relevant features and local patterns from software artefacts by treating them as image-like data. GCNs leverage the graph structure of software artefacts to capture structural dependencies and interactions between code elements. To leverage the benefits of both temporal and structural information, the study proposes a hybrid model that combines RNNs with GCNs for error prediction. This hybrid model harnesses the power of deep learning to identify patterns and model relationships, offering promising results in accurate error forecasting and prevention in software development. The adoption of proactive error prediction techniques facilitated by deep learning has the potential to enhance software quality, resource efficiency, and user experience. By proactively identifying and addressing errors, development teams can reduce the impact of issues before they manifest, leading to improved software reliability and customer satisfaction. Overall, the paper highlights the importance of error prediction in software development and demonstrates the potential of deep learning approaches to enhance error prevention strategies.

Pendampingan Desain Studio Podcast Untuk Peningkatan Workstation Productivity Di SMKS Al-Ittihad Cianjur

Since its introduction in 2005, podcasts have gained increasing popularity and widespread usage across various sectors. Apart from serving as a form of entertainment that shares the characteristic of proximity, similar to radio, podcasts have also emerged as an educational media, attracting a growing number of enthusiasts. The education sector has recently embraced podcasts as a tool to enhance the development of skills and abilities in podcast creation, ultimately leading to improved workstation productivity. The activities are designed based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) for media development. The implementation of these activities includes the introduction and installation of podcasting equipment, as well as providing tutorials on the usage of podcast recording software. Reflecting on the content presented, practical exercises are conducted, wherein students assume the role of operators, while teachers act as podcasters delivering subject-specific material aligned with the subjects they teach.

Assessing the impact of audit software on audit quality: Auditors' perceptions

The study aimed to examine the impact of audit software on audit quality in Saudi Arabia and explore auditors' opinions on this topic. The research methodology used was a survey research design, which allowed for collecting large amounts of data from a broad range of participants. The findings indicated that audit software positively impacted audit quality, and auditor expertise moderated the relationship between audit software usage and audit quality. The study highlights the importance of auditor training in effectively using audit software, and the results have significant implications for audit practice in Saudi Arabia. The study's practical implications suggest that audit firms should invest in technology, particularly advanced audit software, to enhance audit quality and meet the demands of clients seeking more efficient and effective audit services. As the business environment becomes increasingly complex and dynamic, auditors must keep pace with emerging technologies to deliver high-quality audit services. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the factors that influence the adoption of technology in the audit industry in Saudi Arabia and highlight the importance of integrating technology into audit processes to improve audit quality. However, it should be noted that the study's findings are based on the auditors' subjective perceptions, and future research should use more objective measures to assess audit quality.

Attitudes and demands on medical statistical education during the COVID-19 pandemic among undergraduates-postgraduates-teachers: A cross-sectional study in eastern China.

Global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic leads to the soaring demand for medical statistical applications, bringing a great challenge to medical education at universities worldwide. The purpose of our study is to investigate medical students and teachers attitudes and demands on statistical software education. A multi-city cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 at medical universities in eastern China. Students and teachers were surveyed through online electronic questionnaires. We collected information on each participant attitudes and demands on medical statistical software usage experience. A total of 895 responses were collected using a validated questionnaire. Most students showed great interest in learning medical statistical software (undergraduates 91.9% vs post-graduates 97.8%, P < .01), thought that statistical software was important (undergraduates 99.2% vs post-graduates 94.7%, P < .01), highly relied on using the SPSS (undergraduates 52.9 % vs post-graduates 77.6%, P < .01) and R package, and felt difficulty in learning statistical software (undergraduates 82.7% vs post-graduates 98.4%, P < .01). Among teachers, the most commonly used statistical software was SPSS (91.2%), followed by the R package. Notably, very few students and teachers thought "Statistical software met needs" (from 21.8% of undergraduates to 8.8% of teachers). There were 75.4% of post-graduates and 96.5% of teachers who thought it was necessary for a university to offer an advanced statistical software curriculum such as the R package in the preferred teaching format of offline class as well as the combination of theory and software practice teaching. This study for the first time demonstrated that most medical undergraduates, post-graduates, and teachers in Anhui Province of eastern China were not satisfied with statistical software usage experience, calling for prompt adjustments to statistical software education in medical universities.

Development of Augmented Reality Multiple Markers Application Used for Interactive Learning Media

Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that can turn virtual objects in the form of two dimensions (2D) or three dimensions (3D) into an object that looks real, then able to display objects in real-time. Using AR technology, you can visualize learning material into 3D objects to make it easier to understand when using it as a learning medium. This research aims to develop an AR application with multiple marker features that can be used as an interactive learning medium. The method used is Research and Development (R&amp;D), and the development model used is 4D. The evaluation used was the Software Usability Measurement Inventory (SUMI), involving 11th-grade which involved 30 students consisting of 20 male students and 10 female students, the parameters assessed in this evaluation were between others are Efficiency, Affect, Helpfulness, Control, and Learnability. Based on the analysis performed on these parameters, the results show that all five parameters obtain valid and reliable results for each parameter in the validity and reliability tests with a Cronbach's alpha score of 0.934 (Efficiency), 0.868 (Affect), 0.917 (Helpfulness), 0.878 (Control), and 0.919 (Learnability). Thus, this multiple marker-based interactive learning media, Augmented Reality (AR), can be used in learning activities.

Can team communication obscure severe usability problems?

Team communication is a significant topic of study in the psychological literature, but it is a less researched area in relation to software usability. In this article, as part of a larger research project, we investigated team communication to explore the relationship between usability problems and team communication patterns. The research question was examined in two laboratory experiments as part of a collaborative software evaluation process. For sequential analysis of team communication transcripts, we created a custom code system based on previous literature. The results confirm that teams that experience special types of usability problem show different communicational patterns from teams that experience no such problems. The results also show high reliability of the new code system. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between usability problems and team communication patterns in different settings.

Design, Implementation, and Usability Evaluation of the Iranian Primary Vitiligo Patient Registry

Introduction Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder, which is usually progressive and irreversible if left untreated. Structured databases such as registries are required to continuously collect standard data about patients with the same disease. Objectives This study aimed to design and implement a vitiligo registry and evaluate its usability in Iran. Methodology This research was conducted in four stages: determining the minimum data set required for the registry, creating a conceptual model using unified modeling language diagrams and Sparx Enterprise Architect software, implementing the registry in the PhpStorm programming environment, and evaluating the software usability based on the responses of 17 end users to a questionnaire. Results The required data items, consisting of 127 items in eight categories, were approved by the experts and used to design the vitiligo registry. Then, the software was designed and implemented. In the assessment stage, the software received a 89.5% approval rate from its users. Conclusion Developing a vitiligo registry with high usability as well as making decisions based on the registry data can improve understanding of the disease and facilitate research in this field. As a result, high-quality services could be provided to patients nationwide.

Influence of Playability on Perceived Game Software Quality: A Comparison Between Chinese and South Korean Gamers

The usability of ISO/IEC 25000 series SQuaRE and other existing software quality models seems unsuitable for unique software products such as game software. This study revealed that playability has a higher predictive capacity than usability for evaluating game software quality using a survey methodology involving 344 Chinese respondents and 142 South Korean respondents. Specifically, dimensions of playability in terms of enjoyable, exciting, fun, interesting, relaxing, novel, creative, convenient, curious, fantastic, stimulating, splendid, effective and attractive positively influenced both Chinese and South Korean game software users’ satisfaction. In addition, results show that there is a significant difference between Chinese and South Koreans in playability dimensions such as exciting, relaxing, novel, creative, convenient, curious, stimulating, splendid and attractive. This study extends the existing knowledge on how playability influenced game software users’ satisfaction and software quality, and limitations were also highlighted.

Understanding the Usages, Lifecycle, and Opportunities of Screen Readers’ Plugins

Screen reader plugins are small pieces of code that blind users can download and install to enhance the capabilities of their screen readers. This article aims to understand why blind users use these plugins, as well as how these plugins are developed, deployed, and maintained. To this end, we conducted an interview study with 14 blind users to gain individual perspectives and analyzed 2,000 online posts scraped from three plugin-related forums to gain the community perspective. Our study revealed that screen reader users rely on plugins for various reasons, such as to improve the usability of screen readers and application software, to make partially accessible applications accessible, and to receive custom auditory feedback. Furthermore, installing plugins is easy; uninstalling them is unlikely; and finding them online is ad hoc, challenging, and sometimes poses security threats. In addition, developing screen reader plugins is technically demanding; only a handful of people develop plugins. Unfortunately, most plugins do not receive updates once distributed and become obsolete. The lack of financial incentives plays in the slow growth of the plugin ecosystem. Further, we outlined the complex, tripartite collaboration among individual blind users, their online communities, and developer communities in creating a plugin. Additionally, we reported several phenomena within and between these communities that are likely to influence a plugin’s development. Based on our findings, we recommend creating a community-driven repository for all plugins hosted on a peer-to-peer infrastructure, engaging third-party developers, and raising general awareness about the benefits and dangers of plugins. We believe our findings will inspire HCI researchers to embrace the plugin-based distribution model as an effective way to combat accessibility and usability problems in non-visual interaction and to investigate potential ways to improve the collaboration between blind users and developer communities.

FRAGMENTISE: A user-friendly, cross-platform tool to create and analyze comprehensive small-molecule fragment databases.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and constant demand for new therapies in unmet clinical needs, necessitates strategies to identify drug candidates for rapid clinical deployment. Over the years, fragment-based drug design (FBDD) has emerged as a mainstream lead discovery strategy in academia, biotechnology start-ups, and large pharma. Chemical building block libraries are the fundamental component of virtually any FBDD campaign. Current trends focus on smaller and smarter libraries that offer synthetically amenable starting points for rational lead generation. Therefore, there remains an ever-increasing need for new methods to generate fragment libraries to seed early-stage drug discovery programs. Here, we present FRAGMENTISE-a new user-friendly, cross-platform tool for user-tunable retrosynthetic small-molecule fragmentation. FRAGMENTISE allows for visualization, similarity search, annotation, and in-depth analysis of the fragment databases in the medicinal chemistry context. FRAGMENTISE is available as standalone software for Linux, Windows, and macOS users, with a graphical interface or command-line version.

National survey of user-reported usability of electronic medical record software in ophthalmology in Germany.

A nationwide, comparative survey of the physician-reported usability of electronic medical record (EMR) software used by ophthalmologists in Germany using the System Usability Scale (SUS) as a standardized metric. A cross-sectional survey of members of the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG) and professional association of ophthalmologists (BVA) was conducted in May 2022. All 7788 physician members of both societies were invited to participate in an anonymous online-survey by individualized links. User-reported usability of the participants main software used for electronic medical recordkeeping was assessed using the SUS (range 0-100). A total of 881 participants with 51 different EMRs completed the entire questionnaire. Mean EMR-SUS score was 65.7 (SD ± 23.5). Significant differences in mean SUS of several EMR programs were observed with a range of 31.5 to 87.2 in programs with 10 or more responses. 31.8% of all main program SUS ratings were below 50 points. Female gender was associated with 4.02 higher SUS score (95% CI 0.46-7.59). Main program SUS was positively correlated with overall work-related satisfaction and work environment SUS but negatively correlated with the number of programs in the work environment. The SUS of the entire digital work environment including all programs used daily was closely correlated with the main EMR SUS, but not the number of programs used. Our survey revealed a fragmented pattern of EMR use by ophthalmologists in Germany with many competing software products and widely diverging mean System Usability Scale scores. A considerable share of ophthalmologists report EMR usability below what is commonly considered acceptable.

Ultra-fast and accurate electron ionization mass spectrum matching for compound identification with million-scale in-silico library

Spectrum matching is the most common method for compound identification in mass spectrometry (MS). However, some challenges limit its efficiency, including the coverage of spectral libraries, the accuracy, and the speed of matching. In this study, a million-scale in-silico EI-MS library is established. Furthermore, an ultra-fast and accurate spectrum matching (FastEI) method is proposed to substantially improve accuracy using Word2vec spectral embedding and boost the speed using the hierarchical navigable small-world graph (HNSW). It achieves 80.4% recall@10 accuracy (88.3% with 5 Da mass filter) with a speedup of two orders of magnitude compared with the weighted cosine similarity method (WCS). When FastEI is applied to identify the molecules beyond NIST 2017 library, it achieves 50% recall@1 accuracy. FastEI is packaged as a standalone and user-friendly software for common users with limited computational backgrounds. Overall, FastEI combined with a million-scale in-silico library facilitates compound identification as an accurate and ultra-fast tool.