End Of Fiber Research Articles

Controllable and versatile self-motivated motion of a fiber on a hot surface

A polymer fiber can spontaneously move and deform continuously when it is placed on the top of a hot surface, driven by its rapidly varying and inhomogeneous thermal expansion. The erratic movement of the fiber is usually very complex and hard to be controlled and modeled. In this article, by introducing small kinks on the end of a straight polymer fiber, we created an energy barrier to system when it rolls, and consequently, it can roll unidirectionally on a hot surface or continuously shuttle back and forth, determined by the kinking angle and the size of the kinked segment. We have further developed a quantitative model to predict the transition of different modes of the thermally driven self-motivated motion of the fiber. The theoretical predictions agree well with experiments. Our investigations in this study have uncovered a general and facile strategy for tailoring the modes of self-motivated motion of a system through introducing energy barriers to it.

A hybrid distributed optical fiber vibration and temperature sensor based on optical Rayleigh and Raman scattering

A hybrid distributed optical fiber vibration and temperature sensing system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By the system structure of optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) and wavelength division method, the Rayleigh and Raman scattering light in multi-mode fiber (MMF) are extracted respectively for fiber vibration event detection and hot spot monitoring. The vibration event causes the polarization state and phase of the optical signal propagating in MMF to change, which makes the OTDR trace become smooth from the vibration position to the fiber end, so that it provides a reliable way to locate the vibration events. And then, a data processing method that averages the data within the vibration position and at least 50 continuous positions behind is proposed to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the vibration signal and finally by fast Fourier transform (FFT), the vibration spectrum is accurately obtained. In addition, the backscattered Raman Stokes and anti-Stokes signals are separated by the wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) and then they are converted into voltage signals. By conventional temperature demodulation algorithm, the temperature information along the MMF is obtained with measurement accuracy of about 1.5 °C. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid distributed vibration and temperature sensing system possess good performance and as it is compatible with MMF that has been laid on the power cable, it is of great significance for engineering application.

Optical fiber temperature sensor based on Fabry-Perot interferometer with photopolymer material

We propose and demonstrate a new method for fabricating a Fabry-Perot interferometer sensor. This work uses photopolymerizable materials to construct Fabry-Perot interference structures, making the fabrication process more straightforward and less expensive than other methods. We put a 532 nm laser into the single-mode fiber (SMF) to fabricate photopolymer probes on the face of the fiber. The end face of the probe and the end face of the SMF will form a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). At the same time, to demonstrate its ability to be easily fabricated for sensing various parameters, we incorporated PDMS into the photopolymer material and conducted temperature sensing experiments. The relationship between the concentration of the PDMS and the temperature sensitivity is studied. The experimental results show that the higher the concentration of PDMS, the higher the temperature sensitivity. In the case of ensuring other capabilities, the sensitivity has reached − 1.18 nm/°C in the temperature range of 20–110 °C. We propose and demonstrate a new method for fabricating a Fabry-Perot interferometer sensor. This work uses photopolymerizable materials to construct Fabry-Perot interference structures, making the fabrication process more straightforward and less expensive than other methods. We put a 532 nm laser into the single-mode fiber (SMF) to fabricate photopolymer probes on the face of the fiber. The end face of the probe and the end face of the SMF will form a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). At the same time, to demonstrate its ability to be easily fabricated for sensing various parameters, we incorporated PDMS into the photopolymer material and conducted temperature sensing experiments. The relationship between the concentration of the PDMS and the testing sensitivity is studied. The experimental results show that the higher the concentration of PDMS, the higher the testing sensitivity. In the case of ensuring other capabilities, the sensitivity has reached − 1.20507 nm/°C in the temperature range of 20–80 °C. • This work uses a free-radical photopolymerizable formulation is sensitive between 450 and 550 nm and converted through a free-radical cross-linking polymerization under green light irradiation, which can easily fabricate waveguide structure on the fiber end face. • This photopolymeriazble formulation allows us to add different sensitive materials for the purpose of making different sensors. • We add PDMS into the photopolymeriazble formulation to measure the temperature. In the temperature range of 20–80 °C, the sensitivity reached − 1.20507 nm/°C and demonstrates good stability.

Optical fiber humidity sensor with C60-THAM as molecule receptors

This study proposed a high sensitivity optical fiber relative humidity sensor (OFHS). Besides, a fullerene derivative, C 60 -THAM, was synthesized and firstly reported as a molecule receptor in the OFHS. Compared with the widely researched carbon-based materials in OFHS, the C 60 -THAM film has abundant amino dangling bonds, hence emerges naturally as excellent receptors for water molecules. Besides, a cascaded Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) was fabricated in the core of single-mode fiber (SMF) without surface damage by femtosecond laser. In the OFHS, the relative humidity (RH) was measured by the Vernier effect. The working principle of the OFHS was analyzed through calculation and simulation. In the experiment, C 60 -THAM was coated on the plant fiber end. The sensitivity of the sensor is about 0.42 nm/RH as the relative humidity change from 30% to 65% while the optical-matter reaction length is only about 150 nm. Moreover, the sensor exhibited a stable performance as the RH was decreasing from 65% to 30%. The OFHS in this work is fast response and the response time for the rising and decay process was about 2.2 s and 3.2 s respectively. • A fullerene derivative, C 60 -THAM, was synthesized and its application in the fiber humidity sensor was researched. • The humidity sensor is fast response and the rising and decay time is about 2.2 s and 3.2 s respecitively. • The sensitivity is 0.42 nm/RH as the humidity change from 30% to 65% while the optical-matter reaction length is 150 nm.

Pencegah Masalah Gerak Dan Fungsi Tubuh Pada Masyarakat Tlogosari Wetan Pedurungan, Semarang

Health is a state of health, both physically, mentally, spiritually and socially, which enables everyone to live a productive life socially and economically. Public health is a condition that describes the level of health that occurs in society. Society is a group of individuals who live together, work together to obtain common interests and have an order of life, norms and customs that are adhered to in their environment. Public Health is a part of science that discusses and studies the prevention and treatment of disease in each individual. Some of the conditions found in the community include complaints of knee pain and back pain. The most common knee pain is osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people worldwide. This disease occurs as a result of degenerative joints that affect many joint tissues. This problem arises when the protective cartilage at the ends of bones becomes damaged over time. Osteoarthritis usually occurs at the age of 40-60 years. This is caused by the process of degeneration occurring in old age. Apart from osteoarthritis, shoulder diseases are also found, such as spasms and trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle. One of the interventions or modalities provided by infrared physiotherapy. Infrared is one of the physiotherapy modalities in providing services to patients with the aim of causing a relaxation effect and reducing pain. Infrared is a peacock wave that can relieve pain and stiffness in joints and muscles. The process of vasodilation of blood vessels produced by infrared light can accelerate the removal of several pain-stimulating chemicals including bradykinin, serotonin, histamine, and proteolytic enzymes. As well as prostaglandins and substance P which increase the sensitivity of the endings of pain fibers, so that ultimately infrared can reduce the intensity of pain. Apart from providing physiotherapy intervention, they also provide socialization or counseling to the community according to the condition they are complaining about. Providing explanations regarding conditions or complaints from each community by providing education and home programs.

Theoretical analysis of a 60 W solar-pumped single crystal fiber laser.

In order to improve the output power of solar-pumped single-crystal fiber (SCF) lasers, we propose a novel solar concentrating system, to the best of our knowledge, consisting of a parabolic mirror, a 3D compound parabolic concentrator, and a hollow-core reflector. By ray tracing with TracePro, the influence of the fiber's diameter and the hollow reflector's shape on the solar absorption efficiency is theoretically investigated. A typical Nd:YAG SCF with a core diameter of 1 mm, length of 150 mm, and doping concentration of 1 at.% is selected for a simulation of laser operation. The output characteristics of the laser are analyzed by solving the rate equation and power transmission equation; the maximum output power and solar-to-laser conversion efficiency are 60.62 W and 4.64%, respectively. The thermal effects of the laser are simulated by Comsol software. When the input solar power is 1307.4 W, the temperature decreases sharply first and then saturates along the SCF fiber, with the maximum value of 69.18°C at the input fiber end. This concentrating system can effectively overcome the limitation of end-launching solar power into SCFs and has great potential in improving the output power of solar fiber lasers.

Optimal Configuration Mitigating Rayleigh-Backscattering-Induced Distortion in Radioastronomic Optical Fiber Systems

In the context of Radioastronomic applications where the Analog Radio-over-Fiber technology is used for the antenna downlink, detrimental nonlinearity effects arise because of the interference between the forward signal generated by the laser and the Rayleigh backscattered one which is re-forwarded by the laser itself toward the photodetector. The adoption of the so called <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dithering</i> technique, which involves the direct modulation of the laser with a sinusoidal tone and takes advantage of the laser chirping phenomenon, has been proved to reduce such Rayleigh Back Scattering - induced nonlinearities. The frequency and the amplitude of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dithering tone</i> should both be as low as possible, in order to avoid undesired collateral effects on the received spectrum as well as keep at low levels the global energy consumption. Through a comprehensive analysis of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dithered</i> Radio over Fiber systems, it is demonstrated that a progressive reduction of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dithering tone</i> frequency affects in a peculiar fashion both the chirping characteristics of the field emitted by the laser and the spectrum pattern of the received signal at the fiber end. Accounting for the concurrent effects caused by such phenomena, optimal operating conditions are identified for the implementation of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dithering tone</i> technique in radioastronomic systems.

Analysis of processing and environmental impact of polymer compounds reinforced with banana fiber in an injection molding process

The global consumption of thermoplastic materials of fossil origin continues to grow, generating high environmental impacts mainly due to the energy consumed during their production and processing. The use of natural materials, such as banana fiber (BF), present a sustainable alternative for the gradual replacement of these thermoplastic materials, potentially reducing the environmental impact and improving their mechanical performance. This work presents the development of HDPE compounds reinforced with BF for injection molding of components with lower environmental impact. To this end, the processing and treatment of the banana pseudostem fiber have been analyzed, and compounds with fiber percentages of up to 20 wt %, with and without chemical treatment, have been developed and characterized thermal and mechanically. Finally, thickness optimizations of a case study component have been carried out through finite element simulation, with fiber percentages up to 30 wt %, maintaining the stiffness of the original HDPE component. A Life Cycle Assessment was also carried out to assess the influence of the different processing scenarios. The results showed, on the one hand, that the fibers without chemical treatment and with mechanical combing allow improvements in the mechanical properties of HDPE compounds similar to those obtained with chemically treated fibers but considerably reducing the impacts due to the suppression of the fiber treatment (chemical products, subsequent drying, etc.). On the other hand, the environmental impact analysis showed that compounds with percentages of untreated fiber greater than 20 wt % reduce the impact of the components produced compared to pure HDPE. Finally, the incorporation of the BF also allowed the design optimization of the study component, reducing its thickness but maintaining the same original stiffness, further improving its environmental impact.

Material Characterization of Locally Available Textile Fabrics for Structural Applications

In the current era, rehabilitation and strengthening of reinforced concrete structures is a major need due to premature structural damage owing to various environmental effects, natural hazards and major modifications in the existing building use. Textile fabrics can be an economical and viable option in comparison to traditional strengthening techniques. Therefore, this study was planned to investigate the use of locally available textile fabrics for structural applications leading to economical and sustainable solutions. Sixteen fabrics were collected randomly from the local market and a series of tests including microscopic analysis, mass per unit area, ends and picks count, yarn number and uniaxial tensile strength were conducted to explore the most suitable textile fabric from strength and application aspects. Moreover, rectangular textile-reinforced mortar specimens were prepared incorporating those textile fabrics. Tested textile fabric specimens exhibited mass per unit area in the range of 117 to 1145 g/m2 depending on the fabric types. It was observed that tensile strength of the tested textile fabric depends on fiber composition, ends and picks count, yarn number and weave type. The greater the number of yarns in a fabric, the denser it will be and therefore it will be stronger in either direction (warp and weft). It was observed that the tensile strength in warp direction was higher than in weft direction due to the higher number of yarns in the warp direction. For instance, tested specimen TF16 showed ultimate tensile loads of 2890 and 2600 N in warp and weft directions, respectively. Furthermore, plain weave type fabric showed higher strength compared to that of the twill weave. It can also be argued that among the sixteen selected fabric specimens, plain weave fabric (i.e., glass) was found most suitable for textile-reinforced mortar applications due to adequate spacing and alternative movement of yarns, which leads to a stronger bond with the matrix and ultimately achieving higher tensile strength.

Analyis of Fibre Laser’s Optical Construction from the End of the Beam Guiding Optical Fibre to the Focal Spot

Abstract In material-processing fiber lasers, the resonator in the closed box produces the laser radiation. Even with the same resonator, the diameter of the laser beam transporting fiber optics and the properties of the optical elements in the laser focusing head decide the cross-section of the focused laser beam used for machining. If we summarize the formulas in different sources in the literature, we can predict the effect of each optical element: what will happen if we choose another focusing lens, put a beam expander in the system, set on the beam expander how many times the laser beam expands. The other important point is that if we want to repeat an experiment or start a production process based on a scientific publication, then in addition to the resonator, it would be good to know the data of the optical elements in the focusing head, which is usually incomplete in the presented articles, but we can determine them approximately using the four formulas listed in the article.

Intensity-modulated refractive index sensor based on optical fiber with slanted end

In this work, the design, construction, and testing of an intensity-modulated refractive index (RI) sensor based on fiber optics which distal end is mechanically polished at 45°, forming a slanted end, is presented. A model that accounts for the formation of an optical reflection spectrum registered in an Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA), whose intensity is modulated by the RI of the medium in which the fiber end is in contact with, is proposed and simulated. This structure proves the feasibility of this sensor for RI measurements of saline solutions, exhibiting an intensity-modulated response with sensitivity of -136dBm/RIU. This cost-effective device is simple to construct and easy to implement, which makes it very promising for refractive index sensing in chemical and biomedical applications.

Pairwise interaction Markov model for 3D epidermal nerve fibre endings.

In this paper, the spatial arrangement and possible interactions between epidermal nerve fibre endings are investigated and modelled by using confocal microscopy data. We are especially interested in possible differences between patterns from healthy volunteers and patients suffering from mild diabetic neuropathy. The locations of the points, where nerves enter the epidermis, the first branching points and the points where the nerve fibres terminate, are regarded as realizations of spatial point processes. We propose an anisotropic point process model for the locations of the nerve fibre endings in three dimensions, where the points interact in cylindrical regions. First, the locations of end points in are modelled as clusters around the branching points and then, the model is extended to three dimensions using a pairwise interaction Markov field model with cylindrical neighbourhood for the z-coordinates conditioned on the planar locations of the points. We fit the model to samples taken from healthy subjects and subjects suffering from diabetic neuropathy. In both groups, after a hardcore radius, there is some attraction between the end points. However, the range and strength of attraction are not the same in the two groups. Performance of the model is evaluated by using a cylindrical version of Ripley's K function due to the anisotropic nature of the data. Our findings suggest that the proposed model is able to capture the 3D spatial structure of the endpoints.

A highly robust microsphere whispering-gallery-mode resonator in multimode fiber

We propose a robust whispering-gallery-mode resonator based on a microsphere embedded in the etched cavity at the multimode fiber end. Another section of slightly tapered multimode fiber with a flat end is inserted inside the cavity and in tight contact with the microsphere for fixing the position of the microsphere. The whole device is sheathed by a section of hollow fiber for environment protection. Such a device is compact, stable in operation and highly robust.

Cooperative assembly of filopodia by the formin FMNL2 and I-BAR domain protein IRTKS

Filopodia are long finger-like actin-based structures that project out from the plasma membrane as cells navigate and explore their extracellular environment. The initiation of filopodia formation requires release of tension at the plasma membrane followed by the coordinated assembly of long unbranched actin filaments. Filopodia growth is maintained by a tip complex that promotes actin polymerization and protects the growing barbed ends of the actin fibers from capping proteins. Filopodia growth also depends on additional F-actin bundling proteins to stiffen the actin filaments as well as extension of the membrane sheath projecting from the cell periphery. These activities can be provided by a number of actin-binding and membrane-binding proteins including formins such as formin-like 2 (FMNL2) and FMNL3, and Inverse-Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (I-BAR) proteins such as IRTKS and IRSp53, but the specific requirement for these proteins in filopodia assembly is not clear. We report here that IRTKS and IRSp53 are FMNL2-binding proteins. Coexpression of FMNL2 with either I-BAR protein promotes cooperative filopodia assembly. We find IRTKS, but not IRSp53, is required for FMNL2-induced filopodia assembly, and FMNL2 and IRTKS are mutually dependent cofactors in this process. Our results suggest that the primary function for FMNL2 during filopodia assembly is binding to the plasma membrane and that regulation of actin dynamics by its formin homology 2 domain is secondary. From these results, we conclude that FMNL2 initiates filopodia assembly via an unexpected novel mechanism, by bending the plasma membrane to recruit IRTKS and thereby nucleate filopodia assembly.

A Portable Optical Fiber Tip Facet LSPR Aptasensor for Detection of Fumonisin B1

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin that mainly contaminates food crops. To avoid the harmful effect of FB1 on the human body, it is necessary to establish a convenient, sensitive, and accurate FB1 detection method. In this study, an optical fiber tip facet biosensor based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) that adapts to a general detection platform was developed. An optical fiber end face was assembled with –NH <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), and aptamer, and the fabricating parameters were optimized. The results showed that the optical fiber LSPR biosensor had a good linear relationship ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}^{\text {2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 0.9817) between the logarithmic FB1 concentration and the LSPR peak shifts within the linear range of concentrations of 0.8–200.0 ng/mL and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.17 ng/mL, as well as selectivity, recovery rates (96.08%–112.23%), and repeatability relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.37%. It was validated by corn. Therefore, it was feasible that a tip facet optical fiber LSPR biosensor could be used to detect FB1, with advantages of convenience, renewability, and low cost. It is easy to popularize and apply.

Effect of fiber orientation on the fatigue crack initiation and propagation of glass fiber reinforced plastics

AbstractIn recent years, glass‐fiber‐reinforced plastic (GFRP) applications have expanded. This study elucidates the fatigue fracture mechanism of GFRP with different fiber orientations and experimentally clarifies the relationship between fiber orientation and fracture mechanism by using specimens with unidirectional simple fiber orientations. First, Static tensile and fatigue tests are performed on two types of specimens with fibers oriented in a single direction (parallel to the load axis and orthogonal to the load axis), and it is found that specimens with a single fiber orientation parallel to the load axis shows higher strength in both tests. Next, In the case of GFRP with fibers oriented parallel to the load axis, it is found that fatigue loading causes fatigue crack initiation at the fiber ends, followed by fiber localized debonding due to crack propagation at the fiber‐matrix interface and that the crack propagation rate gradually decreases and stops. Therefore, this suggests that the increase in fiber length of fibers oriented parallel to the load axis in GFRP leads to an increase in the crack propagation life at the fiber‐matrix interface, which leads to an increase in fatigue life.

Impact of the fiber cutting angle on fiber optic proximity sensors in endoscopy

Abstract In current endoscopes, the estimation of the proximity to the surrounding tissue is based on the experience of the user. To provide precise proximity meassurement, a suitable sensor is needed. This paper presents a fiber optic proximity sensor that is inserted through the working channel of an endoscope. The impact of the fiber cutting angle at the distal end of the optical fiber is investigated. If the fiber is cut at a 3° angle to the optical axis, the measurement signal in axial direction can be increased by 126mV at the peak (measurement accuray 4.9 mV). A 45° fiber cutting angle allows radial measurement but with a weak measurement signal compared to an axial measurement. A distance between endoscope tip and intestine wall up to 15 mm can be measured. In conclusion, optical fibers can be used to insert a low-cost sensor through a working channel of an endoscope. By modifying the fiber cutting angle, an increased sensor signal can be obtained in the axial direction and a measurement in radial direction is possible.

THRIFTY; A Novel Method For Rapid Fiber Type Identification Of Isolated Skeletal Muscle Fibers

Human skeletal muscle is composed of a mixture of fiber types with distinct contractile and metabolic properties, and adaptions to exercise, aging and disease have been reported to occur in a fiber type specific manner. Fiber type specific analysis of skeletal muscle is therefore crucial to fully understand its heterogenous response to external stimuli. However, such analyses are rarely performed due to the labor-intensive process of fiber typing. Purpose: To develop a valid and fast method that enables high-throughput fiber typing of individually isolated muscle fibers. Methods: Employing THRIFTY (High THRoughput Immunofluorescence Fibre Typing), a ≤ 0.5 mm end was cut off individual fibers. The fiber ends were fixed onto a microscope slide with a pre-printed coordinated grid system. Slides were then submerged in acetone to permeabilize the fiber ends. Subsequently, the slides were stained with primary antibodies targeting MHC I & II (BA-F8 & SC-71, respectively), washed three times in PBS, and stained with fluorescent secondary antibodies. After three additional washes, a cover glass was mounted on the slide using anti-fade reagent. Fiber ends were then typed using a fluorescent microscope under 4X magnification. The THRIFTY protocol was then compared to a previously validated protocol for fiber typing using dot blot 1. A time requirement comparison between the two protocols was also carried out by a technician novice to both methods. Results: Both THRIFTY and dot blot produced pools of type I & type II muscle fibers free from contamination validated with SDS-PAGE and silver stain. Out of 400 fibers stained with both THRIFTY and dot blot, 9 fibers were considered contaminated in one of the methods, while being identified as free from contamination in the other. No fibers were identified as BA-F8 positive in one method, and SC-71 positive in the other, or vice versa. The agreement between the two methods was considered strong, κ = 0,955 (95% CI, 0,928 to 0,982), p < 0.001. Time requirements for THRIFTY was less than half that of the dot-blot protocol. Conclusion: THRIFTY is a novel and valid method for fiber typing individual muscle fibers yielding fiber pools free from contamination while drastically reducing the labor requirement, thus enabling a high throughput analyses for large scale investigations. 1) PMID: 31019216

Highly Sensitive Bending Sensor Based on Multicore Optical Fiber With Diagonal Cores Reflector at the Fiber Tip

A high-sensitivity bending sensor based on multi-core fiber Bragg gratings (MCFBGs) is presented and demonstrated. The bending sensor is based on FBGs fabricated on the symmetric distribution cores of seven-core fiber (SCF), where a 45-degree reflective cone frustum (RCF) is fabricated at the fiber end. The optical paths of two symmetric cores are connected by the 45-degree RCF. The wavelength drifts of the two FBGs on the symmetric cores caused by bending were similar in magnitude and opposite in direction, while the wavelength drifts of the two FBGs caused by temperature were similar in magnitude and direction. Therefore, the influence of temperature change on the curvature measurement can be automatically eliminated, and the bending sensitivity can be doubled by calculating the difference between the reflected wavelengths of the two FBGs. The sensor's spectral responses to the curvature at different bending directions are experimentally investigated. The maximum curvature sensitivity of the sensor is 225.9 pm/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> , within the curvature range from 0 to 6.9 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−1</sup> .

Quasi Yarn Stabilized ROTIS Structures with Improved Thermal Insulation

The fast and relatively inexpensive new technique of stabilization of the 3D structure based on mechanical twisting of fibre ends protruding from the fabric surface to quasi-yarns is proposed and tested. The principles and conditions of building of quasi-yarns, their cohesion dependence on technological parameters and application of this technique on the 3D nonwoven structures are shown. A suitable machinery ROTIS using new bonding technique with quasi yarns is briefly described. There are also demonstrated 3D textile structures. Second part is devoted to description of factor responsible for of high thermal insulation fibrous structures.