Purpose Thermal management is essential to ensure the performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries, and effective heat dissipation helps prevent excessive temperature rise. This study aims to explore advanced passive thermal management strategies by developing a coupled electrochemical–thermal model to investigate the effectiveness of different phase change material (PCM) configurations: internal (within a hollow mandrel), external (surrounding the cell) and combined internal/external placement. The objective is to contain temperature rise while optimizing battery pack dimensions. In addition, a parametric analysis on the external PCM thickness is carried out to identify optimal design solutions for space-constrained applications. Design/methodology/approach An 18650 lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) battery (3.7 V, 2.6 Ah) is studied, combining a multiscale pseudo-two-dimensional electrochemical model with a two-dimensional axis-symmetric thermal domain. Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate is selected as PCM and modeled with an enthalpy-based method to account for latent heat effects. Equal PCM volume is used to compare internal and external configurations. Findings The internal/external PCM configuration delays the battery critical temperature of 50 °C by up to 120.5%, compared to the case without PCM. External- and internal-only PCM provide delays of 58.6% and 40.5%, respectively. The parametric study shows that, to maintain a safe operating temperature of 45°C, an optimal PCM thickness of 1.66 mm is required for the internal/external layout versus 1.96 mm for the external-only case, corresponding up to a 5.4% battery pack volume saving. Originality/value This work highlights the benefit of internal PCM integration in lithium-ion batteries, improving both thermal buffering and spatial efficiency. The findings offer guidance for designing compact, passively cooled battery systems.

This study presents the development, characterization, and preliminary biological assessment of biobased thiol-ene polyHIPE scaffolds reinforced with bioactive glass (BG) particles for bone tissue engineering. The scaffolds were created from biobased acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) photopolymerized with trithiol TMPTMP using HIPE templating to achieve highly porous, interconnected structures with incorporated BG particles. FTIR spectroscopy together with SEM-EDS analysis confirmed successful and homogeneous incorporation of BG particles in the scaffolds. Their physical, mechanical and thermal properties were determined by water contact angle measurements, compression testing, DMTA, and TGA. MG-63 osteoblastic cells adhered to and proliferated on all scaffolds over 7 days. Furthermore, evidence of osteogenesis was observed after 28 days in culture. Incorporation of BG particles was shown to enhance cell proliferation and osteogenesis. To demonstrate patient-specific adaptability, the materials were also successfully 3D printed, creating bespoke architectures that maintain the polyHIPE porosity.

Hierarchically porous degradable foam prepared by water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion template for high-performance recyclable oil - water separation.

Oral environment responsiveness of switchable water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions-based sodium salt carrier mediated by gelatin: Temperature sensitivity, phase inversion, and saltiness perception.

Performance of carboxymethylation of deacetylated glucomannan in stabilizing oil in water emulsion

Relevance of topical application of minoxidil laden nano-lipid for hair growth enhancement

The Role of Lemon Grass Oil and Its Nano Emulsion on Shelf Life of Meat Balls and Studying Their Pathological Effects on Rats

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of global mortality, with 1.25 million deaths reported in 2023. Extended treatment duration contributes to poor patient adherence and treatment failure. Innovative drug delivery platforms are needed to improve therapeutic outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to develop nanoemulsions co-encapsulating quercetin and rifampicin and evaluate their physicochemical properties and in vitro biological activity relevant to TB therapy. Methods: Nanoemulsions (NEs) were prepared via hot solvent diffusion and phase inversion temperature techniques. Physicochemical characterization, stability, anti-inflammatory effects in BEAS-2B cells, and antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and resistant strains were assessed in vitro. Results: The quercetin-rifampicin nanoemulsion (QUE-RIF-NE) showed an average size of 24 nm, zeta potential of −27 mV, and drug recovery rates of 77% (quercetin) and 75% (rifampicin). The formulation was stable and non-cytotoxic at 10−8 M, reducing IFN-γ production by half and reactive oxygen species production by almost 75% in BEAS-2B cells. It also exhibited antimycobacterial activity against both susceptible and resistant M. tuberculosis strains (MIC ≤ 0.015 µg/mL). Conclusions: QUE-RIF-NE exhibits promising physicochemical stability and dual anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity in vitro, demonstrating potential for optimized pulmonary or systemic TB therapy that integrates both anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects.

Particle size and morphological features of lupin protein-pectin complexes affect the oil-water interfacial properties and emulsion stabilization

New hot-melt extruded drug/polymers for sustained delivery of hydrophilic S-propargyl-cysteine in rheumatoid arthritis.

Electrospun superwetting membranes with vertically aligned COF nanorods for high-efficiency oil–water emulsion separation

Asymmetric superwetting Janus copper mesh membrane for directional and switchable oil–water emulsion separation

Coalescence or isolation: A coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of post-collision behavior of droplets in alginate derivative stabilized emulsions.

Nanocellulose-derived aerogels: Preparation strategies, hydrophobic modifications and applications in oil-water separation.

Metal-polyphenol network-mediated high internal phase Pickering emulsion stabilized by coconut protein complex particles: Interfacial remodeling behavior, stabilization mechanism, and 3D printing application

High internal phase Pickering emulsions stabilized by coconut pomace cellulose nanoparticle-based binary complexes: Interfacial behavior-driven lipid oxidative stability and 3D printability.

Composite egg yolk proteins-stabilized high internal phase Pickering emulsions via ultrasonic treatment for phytosterol ester delivery

Encapsulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum in oil-phase gels O/W high internal phase emulsions: Improvement of storage stability and gastrointestinal viability.

pH-shift treatment enhances stability and functional properties of rapeseed protein high internal phase emulsions

Encapsulation of N-eicosane in ZnO-Modified glycidyl methacrylate based high internal phase emulsion polymers for enhanced thermal conductivity and energy storage efficiency