Removal Of Emulsified Oil Research Articles

Oily wastewater treatment using a CNT sorbent in a three-phase circulating fluidized bed

Fine emulsified heavy-oil droplets in wastewater can be easily dispersed in aquatic system, making it challenging to remove them using sorbents. Carbon nanotube (CNT) sorbents were prepared using a m-cresol solvent to remove emulsified heavy oil in wastewater. The bead-shaped and density-controlled sorbents (diameter: 5.22 mm; density: 1169 kg/m3) facilitated efficient contact with emulsified oil and were suitable for use in a three-phase circulating fluidized bed (TPCFB). The sorbents feature a sorption capacity of 2.4 g oil/g sorbent which remained consistent for at least 10 cycles. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the TPCFB reactor (120 × 80 mm; height: 800 mm) were determined and it was found that the circulation of both liquid and solid within the TPCFB was driven by the density difference between the riser and downcomer (Δρ). The solid holdups in the downcomer (εs,d) were almost constant with gas velocity and were proportional to the amount of sorbent inventory. The optimal region for emulsified oil removal was determined to be the downcomer, where turbulent flow was generated that facilitated close contact between the particles and the liquid. The solid circulation rate (Gs) increased to a constant value with Δρ, with the maximum Gs being proportional to the sorbent inventory. The optimal conditions for wastewater treatment were determined to be a maximum εs,d of 0.03 with a Gs value above 10.0 kg/m2s and a sorbent inventory of 90 g. The oil removal rate reached a maximum of 94.8 % at Gs = 12.2 kg/m2s. Used CNT sorbent exhibited unique oil sorption characteristics of CNTs, featuring an even distribution of sulfur on the surface and a weight loss arising from loss of oil at 350–500°C.

Removal of emulsified oil by monolithic microchannel-carbon cathode via electropolarization-enhanced adsorption-coupled electro-Fenton oxidation

Electrochemistry is a potential technology to remove emulsified oil. However, during electrochemical removal of emulsified oil, oil droplets with negatively charged electromigrate toward the anode, thus accumulating in the anode area and covering the anode surface leading to anodic isolation. In this study, a new idea of electrochemical removal of emulsified oil through electropolarization-coupled oxidation in the cathodic microchannel was proposed. The oil concentration decreased from the initial 275 mg/L–39.7 mg/L at residence time of 9.25 min and COD removal rate was 85.1 %. The COD removal rate was higher than most of reported metal electrodes. The electropolarization deformation of emulsified oil droplets was observed by a microscope. The contributions of adsorption, electropolarization, and oxidation to emulsified oil removal was 51 %, 29 %, and 20 %, respectively. These results open a new perspective for removal of emulsified oil by microchannel cathode.

Mechanistic fouling study of Hybrid imidazolium-based ionic liquid membrane during emulsified oil removal from oily wastewater; oil type effect

To overcome the strict discharge effluent regulations of oily wastewater, the treatment with membranes has a good perspective. In this work, [C12mim][Cl] ionic liquid was induced into the polyether sulfone membrane to improve membrane hydrophilicity and anti-fouling resistance. To reveal the membrane fouling type, the permeate flux of the membrane was modeled according to Hermia's equations and combined equations driven from four main fouling mechanisms equation. In addition, to develop a proper interpretation and fully new insights mechanisms, the elemental and topographical analyses, and chemical surface characterizations using FESEM, EDS MAPPING, AFM, FESEM, Zeta analyses, and contact angle and interfacial tension measurements were performed on the four different oily wastewaters and the membrane. So, the impact of interfacial tension, wettability, mean particle size, particle size distribution (polydispersity index), zeta potential, acidic and basic nature of oil, and the properties of polar fractions of oil including the asphaltene and resin concentrations and their weight percent of polar heteroatoms were thoroughly examined. The results revealed a reduction in permeate flux as the API gravity was reduced due to the particle size of the oily wastewater emulsion increased. Consequently, the wettability of the membrane altered towards a more oil-wet state leading to a reduction in the roughness of the membrane surface. The attachment and cover of the surface mainly by the acidic component of the oil with a higher affinity to attach the oxygen element of the membrane were proposed as the dominant mechanism of cake layer fouling.

Improved emulsified oil removal approach for industrial coal pyrolysis wastewater by flocculation under pressurized CO2 atmosphere

Coal pyrolysis wastewater pretreatment suffers from equipment fouling and inferior mass transfer efficiency brought by low emulsified oil removal efficiency. This paper comprehensively analyzed the properties of emulsified oil and found this inadequacies attribute to its high stability and penetrability derived from high ζ potential of −33.1 mV and tiny average particle size of 114.7 nm in initial condition. H3O+ adjustment is developed to compress diffusion layer thickness and facilitate natural coalescence of emulsified oil droplets. Results of H2SO4 acidification present the peaks of average particle size sustainably stabilized between 782.9 and 1009.0 nm and emulsified oil was mostly coagulated and subsequently settled/floated without further treatment. CO2 was selected as a suitable donor of H3O+ to improve application potential, and flocculants was coupled with pressurized dissolved CO2 to intensify emulsified oil removal whose optimal efficiency achieved 93.82 wt% by changing flocculant types and operation conditions. Response surface analysis results introduced emulsified oil removal efficiency reached 95.17 wt% at PAC concentration of 1065 mg/L, CPAM concentration of 20 mg/L and operating pressure of 0.67 MPag. For renovation projects with limitations, the optimal emulsified oil removal efficiency achieved 94.33 wt% at PAC concentration of 1032 mg/L, CPAM concentration of 21 mg/L and operating pressure of 0.60 MPag. Process simulation of sour gas and ammonia stripper signified that CO2 addition has little effect on current industrial process. By comparison, the proposed approach performs high efficiency, low impact to wastewater, strong feasibility, and great prospect in pretreatment.

Nano aluminum-based hybrid flocculant: Synthesis, characterization, application in mine drainage, flocculation mechanism

Given the characteristics of high turbidity and trace emulsified oil in mine drainage, which leads to the problems of low settling efficiency and poor treatment efficiency in the coagulation/flocculation treatment process, there is an urgent need to develop efficient, economical, and stable flocculants. In this study, a new hybrid flocculant Al-P(AM-DMDAAC-BA) was synthesized by the solution copolymerization method, and its viscosity, molecular weight, and cationic degree were 1492.93 mL/g, 7.44 × 106 Da and 16.97%, respectively. The physical and chemical properties of Al-P(AM-DMDAAC-BA) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric (TG), and Zeta potential. SEM, Zeta potential, and laser particle size measurement characterized the properties of flocs. Batch wastewater treatment experiments analyzed the flocculation treatment efficacy. The results of the analysis are as follows. Aluminum hydroxyl complexes were attached to organic polymers via -Al-O-C- bonds. Acrylamide (AM), dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and butyl acrylate (BA) were linked to each other by Carbon-carbon double bond (-CC-). The aluminum-based complex is dispersed as nano-microspheres in the hybrid flocculant and cross-linked to the organic branched chains. Al-P(AM-DMDAAC-BA) is thermally stable and less susceptible to thermal decomposition. It possesses strong electrical neutralization ability and rapid floc growth ability. It has excellent turbidity removal (reduced to 7.96 ± 1.15 NTU) and emulsified oil removal (reduced to 0.23 ± 0.01 mg/L) performance. The flocculation mechanism is mainly attributed to the electro-neutralization of the hybrid flocculants and the adsorption bridging effect of organic branched chains.

Application of combined granular media with opposite wettability for demulsification of oily wastewater by microchannel filter

Oil-water separation with high efficiency and low energy consumption is a tremendous challenge in the green treatment of oily wastewater. In this paper, a novel filtration method with combined granular media for collaborative removal emulsified oil and suspended solids (SS) was proposed, followed by the exploration of demulsification feasibility and oil removal mechanism. The effect of the operation and structural parameters of the filter bed on oil separation performance was thoroughly investigated, and its feasibility for raw oily wastewater treatment was also explored. A remarkable demulsification performance was observed with the combined granular media filter, and a balance of separation efficiency and pressure drop in the emulsified oily wastewater filtration was also achieved subsequently. Effective oil droplet capture and coalescence were observed with a high speed camera system, and pore clogging could be avoided in combined media. The optimal parameters of the combined media filter (CMF) were concluded to be a combined media ratio of 1:1, a superficial velocity of 0.20 m min−1, and a bed porosity of 58.1%. The average oil and suspended solids concentrations in raw oily wastewater was decreased to 8.4 mg/L and 23.3 mg/L during the pilot-scale operation, which indicated that the novel filter composed of combined media had better performance in collaboratively removing oil and SS, even in the period of fluctuating influent parameters. It is believed that a novel and efficient oil removal method, especially including of emulsified oil removal was provided, which also shows great potential and value for the green treatment of industrial oily wastewater.

Emulsified oil removal from steel rolling oily wastewater by using magnetic chitosan-based flocculants: Flocculation performance, mechanism, and the effect of hydrophobic monomer ratio

Large amounts of wastewater that contained emulsified oil were generated in the steel rolling process of the steel industry. The weak interaction between flocculants and emulsified oil and the slow floc separation are the main bottleneck in oily wastewater treatment. To solve this problem, this study successfully prepared three magnetic chitosan-based flocculants (MCS) with different hydrophobic monomer contents to treat steel rolling oily wastewater (SROW). The oil content, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and UV254 removal rates were investigated by using MCS and compared with commercial flocculants. Results showed that as the dosage was 6 mL/L, MCS-2 had an optimal effect on oil and turbidity removal with 95.79 % and 87.85 %, respectively. The best COD removal rate of 66.67 % was achieved at a dosage of 4 mL/L with MCS-3. GC–MS analysis showed that the removal efficiency of MCS on alkanes was significantly better than that of aromatic hydrocarbons. Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the hydrophobic groups of MCS can combine alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons through hydrophobic association. Furthermore, charge neutralization, hydrophobic association, and adsorption bridging contributed to emulsified oil removal synthetically. The increased content of hydrophobic monomers enhances the interaction between flocculants and emulsified oil, which was significant for SROW treatment.

Evaluation of polymeric adsorbents via fixed-bed columns for emulsified oil removal from industrial wastewater

Polymeric adsorbents (PAs) have been gaining increased attention for application in industrial wastewater (WW) treatment. However, most studies on evaluating PAs specifically for emulsified oil removal are currently limited to performance screening through batch mode testing. Hence, this paper presents a thorough fixed-bed assessment of advanced PAs for the removal of emulsified oil from industrial WWs. A unique custom-built column setup was developed with a continuous test protocol that involves both adsorption and regeneration of media. A robust procedure was also established to automatically prepare a representative synthetic produced water (PW) containing the oil-water emulsions. Four cutting-edge PAs were evaluated, out of which two being tested for the first time targeting emulsified oil removal. Experimental tests were conducted to address resin capacity, regeneration efficiency, and performance reproducibility in repeat cycles. PA2 treated 168 ± 58 bed volumes (BVs) achieving the lowest capacity of 44 ± 14 mg/g. Higher comparable capacities were observed for PA1 and PA3 at ~100 mg/g, yet PA1 was found capable of treating 807 ± 3 BVs against 548 ± 115 BVs measured for PA3. PA4 treated 1219 ± 86 BVs with a capacity of 301 ± 27 mg/g which indicate its strong potential for industrial WW treatment application. This performance data can provide a reference for comparison when testing other novel resins for emulsified oil removal. Future studies will focus on testing PAs using real PW and evaluating their long-term performance via pilot testing.

Optimizing the microstructure and properties of microfiltration carbon membranes enabled with PAN fibers for emulsified oil removal from wastewater

Separation of oil-in-water emulsion is a formidable challenge for a large variety of academia and industries involved in the fields of materials, environment, chemistry and resources. Here, microfiltration carbon membranes (MFCMs) were fabricated by the blending of polyacrylonitrile fibers (PANf) and phenolic resin as starting materials through the processes of shaping and pyrolysis. The functional groups, thermal stability, porous structure, microstructure, mechanical strength, morphology and hydrophilicity of the MFCMs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, thermogravimetric analyzer, bubble pressure method, X-ray diffraction, electronic universal tester, scanning electron microscope and water contact angle tester, respectively. The separation performance of MFCMs with respect to the removal of emulsified oil from wastewater was investigated by varying the PANf amount, reusability and antifouling ability. The results showed that the incorporation of PANf enhanced the thermal stability of the precursor membranes. As the PANf amount increases in precursor membranes, the average pore size and mechanical strength of MFCMs gradually decrease, together with the increment of porosity and hydrophilicity. The optimal oil rejection reaches to 94.2 %, along with the permeation flux of 15000 kg·m−2·h−1·MPa−1 for MFCMs made by PANf in a content of 3 %.

Fabrication of Electrospun Nanofibers Membrane for Emulsified Oil Removal from Oily Wastewater

The electrospun nanofibers membranes have gained considerable interest in water filtration applications. In this work, the fabrication and characterization of the electrospun polyacrylonitrile-based nonwoven nanofibers membrane are reported. Then, the membrane's performance and antifouling properties were evaluated in removing emulsified oil using a cross flow filtration system. The membranes were fabricated with different polyacrylonitrile (PAN) concentrations (8, 11, and 14 wt. %) in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent resulted in various average fiber sizes, porosity, contact angle, permeability, oil rejection, and antifouling properties. Analyses of surface morphology of the fabricated membranes before and after oil removal revealed increasing the fiber size, decreasing the fouling amount, and increasing the permeate flux. On the other hand, decreasing the fiber size resulting in increases the oil rejection. It was observed that 11 wt. % PAN based nonwoven nanofiber membrane was the optimum membrane for emulsified oil removal due to its good porosity, permeability with good oil rejection. In addition, fouled nonwoven nanofiber membrane cleaning was done by backwashing technique using warm distilled water which was effective in retaining the membrane permeability and oil rejection for 7 times. The obtained results confirmed an efficient performance of the fabricated nanofibers membrane for oil-water separation with oil rejection percentage of 92.5% and a permeate flux of 120 LMH.

Enhancing oil removal from wastewater by combining inclined plate settler and electrocoagulation

ABSTRACT This work is aimed at developing a novel apparatus that combines inclined plate settler (IPS) and electrocoagulation (EC) to improve the emulsified oil removal efficiency with lower energy consumption. The combined process (IPS-EC) was optimized at various reactor configurations and electric field parameters of the EC process in dynamic oily wastewater treatment experiments. The results indicated that the effective removal of oil from wastewater was achieved due to the synergistic effect of EC and IPS at very low energy consumptions. The IPS could remove 74.1%±1.1% of the oil droplets from the oily wastewater. When an external pulsed direct current was applied to the metallic plates of IPS, the oil removal efficiency of IPS-EC increased to 97.0%±0.9% at a current density of 1 mA/cm2, pulsed frequency of 2000 Hz, and duty ratio of 0.9. Uniform pitting corrosion occurred on the aluminum electrode surface in a pulsed direct current waveform, which favors mitigation of electrode passivation. The energy consumption of IPS-EC was recorded as 0.66 kW.h per kilogram of oil, which is much lower than the conventional EC. The results provide a basis for the treatment of highly emulsified oily wastewater using the IPS-EC method.

Exploring the perspective of nano-TiO2 in hydrophobic modified cationic flocculant preparation: Reaction kinetics and emulsified oil removal performance

To reduce the polymerization difficulty of hydrophobic modified copolymers, a hydrophobic modified cationic flocculant was fabricated using nano-TiO2 as initiator with acrylamide (AM) and methyl acryloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DML) as monomers, and named it PAD. The copolymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Results verified that PAD was synthesized successfully and nano-TiO2 was more conducive to DML grafting than traditional photo-initiators. Reaction kinetics demonstrated that the polymerization process was a typical precipitation polymerization initiated by free radicals. Flocculation performance of flocculant on simulated emulsified oil was evaluated and optimized. The simulation results indicated that the flocculation performance of PAD was superior to traditional flocculant, which was attributed to the higher content of DML in PAD. The maximum removal rate of emulsified oil could reach 92.10%, and the corresponding turbidity removal rate was 93.54%. Further, the mechanism studies suggested that the removal of emulsified oil was realized by the synergistic effects of electric neutralization, demulsification, hydrophobic association and adsorption bridging. The findings of this study showed that nano-TiO2 exhibited a promising prospect in the field of polymer-initiated polymerization.

Physical pretreatment of petroleum refinery wastewater instead of chemicals addition for collaborative removal of oil and suspended solids

The conventional petroleum refinery wastewater pretreatment process, usually consisting of an American Petroleum Institute (API) separator and air flotation tank, mainly achieves suspended solids (SS) and oil removal but also presents many shortcomings, such as chemical consumption, flotation scum production and land occupation. A physical method coupled by hydrocyclone-intensified filtration (HIF) and mixed fibrous coalescer was first proposed, followed by a lab-scale experimental investigation of the feasibility of collaborative suspended solids (SS) and oil removal. A 1 m3/h pilot-scale physical pretreatment unit was also set up to comprehensively evaluate the collaborative removal efficiency of oil and SS and the operation stability in raw petroleum refinery wastewater. The effect of the initial oil concentration, mainly emulsified oil, on the removal efficiency was thoroughly explored by the physical pretreatment process. The mean oil and SS concentrations of the petroleum refinery wastewater was decreased from 1078.9 mg/L and 214.2 mg/L to 9.7 mg/L and 31.2 mg/L, respectively, due to the physical pretreatment process. Additionally, the mean effluent oil concentration of the pilot-scale physical pretreatment unit decreased to 11.1 mg/L, and that of the flotation tank effluent was 18.8 mg/L, which also indicated that the physical pretreatment process had better performance in coping with influent fluctuations (with mean values from 14.4 mg/L to 5214.1 mg/L). SS and most of the oil in the petroleum refinery wastewater were efficiently separated by the hydrocyclone-intensified filter based on interception and adsorption by the filter media and thorough surface renewal of the filter media in the hydrocyclone, followed by further emulsified oil removal due to the X-shaped heterogeneous fibers. No flocculants were added to the physical pretreatment unit, thus achieving remarkable savings of 80.64 t/year poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) and 53.12 t/year polyacrylamide (PAM). Compared with a conventional pretreatment process with a capacity of 800 m3/h, the physical pretreatment process saves approximately 196 thousand USD/year due to chemicals consumption elimination and the oil sludge reduction arising therefrom. The physical pretreatment process instead of chemicals addition can help achieve the environmentally friendly goals of near-zero consumption of chemical flocculant, a near-zero increase in oil sludge and near-zero emission of VOCs.

Removal of Emulsified Oil in Wastewater by Corn Cob Carbon

Oil pollution is a serious environmental concern which is caused by rapid industrial development around the world. In this study, corn cob carbon was used as a natural adsorbent for emulsified oil wastewater remediation. Three parameters that were studied include contact time, dosage of corn cob carbon and concentration of emulsified oil wastewater. The physical and chemical structures of raw and corn cob carbon were characterized. The corn cob carbon showed good efficiency in emulsified oil removal with a percentage of 96% at 2 hours contact time, 1 g of corn cob carbon and 5% of emulsified oil wastewater concentration. The apparent porosity of corn cob carbon was the reason for the sinking of emulsified oil particles absorbed on the surface of corn cob carbon. TGA shown 3.60% and 58.17% of mass loss within the first and second thermal decomposition, respectively. The functional groups of corn cob samples are C-H, -C≡C-, C=C, -C-H and C-O. SEM analysis showed that pores were found in the corn cob carbon and a layer of oil was present on its surface after the adsorption process. Therefore, corn cob carbon could be considered as an alternative to remove emulsified oil in wastewater due to its good adsorption capacity and low secondary pollution.

Quantitative contribution study and comparison between electrocoagulation, anode-electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation using polymer-flooding sewage

This work aimed to quantify the contribution of electrocoagulation(EC) mechanisms on emulsified oil removal from polymer-flooding sewage (PFS), and also to quantitatively compare the performance of EC, anode-electrocoagulation(AEC) and chemical coagulation(CC) on PFS treatment. An apparatus which introduced the salt bridge was proposed to help separate the anode and cathode. To quantify the contribution of coagulation and oxidation individually, the EDTA, a chemical addictive which can inhibit the ability of Al3+ was added to shield the effect of coagulation. The experimental results show that in the PFS treatment by EC method, about 80% of emulsified oil in anode zone was removed by coagulation while only 11%–13% was oxidized; In cathode zone, about 13%–14% of the oil was removed by flotation. Besides, the results suggest that the separation of anode and cathode not only result in the low demulsification efficiency but also generated the fragile flocs. During the comparison and contrast of purification performance of EC, AEC and CC, the effects of treatment time and current densities(aluminum doses) on oil removal was investigated, the pH and absorption spectra evolution over time were also analyzed. The results showed that under all conditions studied, the EC performance outperforms AEC and far beyond CC.

Optimization of an integrated electrocoagulation/sedimentation unit for purification of polymer-flooding sewage

This study aims to optimize the electrocoagulation(EC) process of emulsified oil removal from polymer-flooding sewage (PFS), producing in the oil recovery process and characterized by multiple chemical additives, high viscosity, and high stability. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken statistical experimental design (BBD) were applied to investigate the effects of tilt angles of electrodes, flow rate, and current density as well as the interactions on oil removal and energy consumption. All the experiments were performed in a continuous-flow pattern with an integrated unit combined with reaction and subsequent separation zone. The experimental results suggested that EC technology was very efficient in oily wastewater treatment and was able to achieve 97% oil removal after the system enters into the stable stage with a flow rate of 5.5Lh−1 ，applied current density of 18.9mAcm−2 and tilt angle 80°. At this time, the energy consumption is 3.50kWhm−3. Besides, for both of the oil removal and energy consumption, flow rate has the most significant impact, and the current density follows. The results of variance (ANOVA) analysis showed a high correlation coefficient (R2)value of 0.990 and 0.996 for oil removal and energy consumption, respectively, which ensures an adequate fit of the second-order regression.

Application of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and its magnetite derivative for emulsified oil removal from produced water

ABSTRACTMultiwalled carbon nanotubes and their magnetite derivatives were employed as adsorbents for emulsified oil removal from produced water. The experimental parameters for maximum emulsified oil removal efficiency and effective regeneration of these adsorbents were determined. The optimum parameters in terms of adsorbent dosage, contact time, salinity, pH and temperature were 3.0 g/L, 20.0 min, 0 ppm, 7.0 and 25°C for both adsorbents. Due to their low density, multiwalledcarbon nanotubes could not be successfully employed in packed bed columns. The magnetite derivative has a larger density and hence, for the removal of emulsified oil from produced water packed bed column studies were performed utilizing multiwalled carbon magnetite nanotubes. The packed bed column efficiency and behaviour were evaluated using Thomas, Clark, Yan et al. and Bohart and Adams models. The Yan model was found to best describe the column experimental data. The adsorbents were regenerated using n-hexane and reused several times for oil removal from produced water without any significant decrease in their initial adsorption capacities.

Application of graphene nanoplatelets and graphene magnetite for the removal of emulsified oil from produced water

Graphene and its magnetite derivative were used as adsorbents for removal of emulsified oil from produced water. The experimental parameters for maximum emulsified oil removal efficiency and effective regeneration of these adsorbents were determined. The best parameters in terms of dosage, contact time, pH, salinity and temperature were 3.00 g/L, 60.0 min, 10.0, 1500 ppm and 25.0 °C for graphene nanoplatelets, and 4.00 g/L, 30.0 min, 3.5, 1000 ppm and 25.0 °C, for graphene magnetite, respectively. Packed column studies were carried out utilizing graphene magnetite as adsorbent for the removal of oil from produced water. The packed column operation was assessed using Thomas, Yan et al., Clark, Bohart and Adams and Yoon and Nelson models. Thomas model was found to best describe the column experimental data. The column was regenerated using n-Hexane and reused several times for produced water treatment with negligible decrease in its initial capacity.

Removal of emulsified oil from water using hydrophobic modified cationic polyacrylamide flocculants synthesized from low-pressure UV initiation

Abstract This study investigated a hydrophobic-modified cationic polyacrylamide (PAMP) synthesized through low-pressure UV-initiated copolymerization by using monomers of acrylamide (AM), diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution (DADMAC), and dodecyl polyglucoside (DPL) to effectively remove emulsified oil from water. Various analytical methods were used to characterize the microstructure of PAMP, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), unclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR and 1H NMR), and thermal gravimetric and differential analysis (TG-DTA). Results confirmed that cationic and hydrophobic monomers were successfully grafted onto the molecular chain of the PAMP. Furthermore, the flocculation efficiency of PAMP was evaluated and optimized in emulsified oily wastewater treatment. PAMP exhibited satisfactory emulsified oil removal efficiency, and optimal oil and turbidity removal efficiencies of 94.5–98.6% and 95.1–98.9% were achieved with DADMAC content of 40%, DPL content of 30%, dosage of 8.5–9 mg/L, pH of 6–8, rapid stirring speed of 400 rpm, rapid stirring time of 35 min, slow stirring time of 15 min, and standing time of 25 min. Moreover, charge neutralization and hydrophobic association interaction dominate the emulsion breaking in oily wastewater flocculation.

Rapid removal and recovery of emulsified oil from ASP produced water using in situ formed magnesium hydroxide

In situ formed magnesium hydroxide (IFM) can be used as a promising technology for emulsified oil removal and recovery.