Empowerment Of Subjects Research Articles

К вопросу о теории деконцентрации власти

This article examines the issues of the theory of deconcentration in the domestic and foreign scientific literature. In this context, the author consistently examines the existing positions regarding the understanding of the category “deconcentration” and its relationship with the concept of “decentralization”, and also studies the types of deconcentration. In particular, it is noted that in the Russian legal system, unlike other countries, this term is not used. Thus, deconcentration as one of the factors of the organization of power has been reflected in France and Cambodia. However, despite the absence of mention in Russian legislation, this mechanism is widely used within the framework of the territorial organization of public administration. As for the literature, most researchers point out that deconcentration is one of the forms of decentralization of public power. At the same time, among other manifestations of the latter, it is characterized by the least degree of autonomy of local government structures. The author understands by deconcentration the movement of the central government to the periphery through the formation of territorial subjects (or the empowerment of local subjects) as agents (representatives) of the central government, characterized by relations of power and subordination and not involving the creation of a separate level of public authority. The article also touches upon the issue of classification of the types of the analyzed legal phenomenon.

Eimuntas Nekrošius's Transnational ‘Voice from Lithuania’: Reinterpreting Polish Classics within Frames of the Theatre of Sensual Metaphors

The aim of this article is an interpretation of Eimuntas Nekrošius's performances staged in the National Theatre Warsaw in the last years of his life. In the context of complex political and cultural relationships between Poland and Lithuania, the aesthetics of the theatre of sensual metaphors invented by Nekrošius might be perceived from an uncommon perspective – not as a type of universal art presenting crucial issues of mankind, but as a transnational reinterpretation of Polish classic plays – first of all, the nineteenth-century Forefathers’ Eve by Adam Mickiewicz, the Polish poet born near Vilnius in Lithuania. From this point of view, the theatre of Nekrošius reveals his political potential to create a transnational bridge between neighbour states. The author tries to apply notions of ‘subaltern agency’ (Gayatri Spivak) and the ‘cosmopolitan subject’ (Yana Meerzon) to present the complex issue of empowerment of Polish and Lithunanian subjects – from rejection of the false messianic consciousness to transnational rapprochement.

Rebel Imaginaries: Labor, Culture, and Politics in Depression-Era California

Rebel Imaginaries: Labor, Culture, and Politics in Depression-Era California

물리치료사의 임파워먼트와 직무스트레스, 조직몰입도와의 관계

The purpose of this study was to inform the basic information for improving working environment, efficient manpower management, and medical service through investigate the effect of empowerment of physical therapists on job stress and organizational commitment. Job stress, organizational commitment, empowerment were measured for physical therapists working in clinical settings after obtaining a license. In this study, general characteristics, job stress, organizational commitment, and empowerment of subjects were measured using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed through independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and simple regression analysis. Bonferroni's post-hoc test was performed if significant differences were found among groups. As a result of the study, there was a negative (-) correlation between job stress and organizational commitment. Job stress and empowerment showed a negative (-) correlation, and organizational commitment and empowerment showed a positive (+) correlation. Empowerment significantly affected both job stress and organizational commitment. Therefore, efficient empowerment management will be possible to provide patients high-quality physical therapy and to enhance the work performance.

Comparing Constitutional Privacy and Data Protection Rights within the EU

Although both data protection and the right to privacy (or respect for private life) are recognised within the EU Charter, they are otherwise generally seen as having very different constitutional histories. The right of privacy is often seen as traditional and data protection as novel. Based on a comprehensive analysis of rights within EU State constitutions, it is found that this distinction is overdrawn. Only five current EU States recognised a constitutional right to privacy prior to 1990, although approximately three quarters and also the European Convention do so today. Subsidiary constitutional rights related to the home and correspondence but not honour and/or reputation are more long-standing and this helps link the core of privacy to the protection of intimacy. Constitutional rights to data protection emerged roughly contemporaneously and were often linked to a general right to privacy but are still only found in around half of EU States. There is also no clear consensus on specific guarantees, although around half of the States which recognise these do include rights to transparency and a slightly lower number right to rectification. This could suggest that data subject empowerment over a wide range of connected information is an important emerging particularity tied to data protection as a constitutional guarantee.

Somatic attunement/self-cultivation: Japanese immigration and the performing arts

Contemporary theorists, Schechner, Fisher-Lichte, Bharucha, Holledge and Tompkins and others, have written extensively on the global discourse of intercultural performance and its attempt to intermingle such cultural traditions as the textual borrowing of Peter Brook’s Mahabharata or Tadashi Suzuki’s Trojan Women, the integration of physical styles of Ariane Mnouchkine and the conscious cultural negotiations of such productions as Ong Seng’s Masterkey, a collaboration between Japanese and Australian performers. While these theorists acknowledge that the performer’s body is an integral part of intercultural performance, the majority of their discussion has centered on materialist readings of colonialism, race, gender, authenticity, cultural ownership, and the political empowerment of post-colonial subjects. At the margins of their discussion has been the subjective knowledge or phenomenological experience of the ethnic communities, in some cases immigrant communities, whose expertise, directly or indirectly, contributes to the style of performance. This essay examines the role of Japanese Americans, as immigrants and citizens, in the evolution of cultural life and performance training in the United States.

Nursing care in mental health based on the TIDAL MODEL: an integrative review.

to identify the applicability of the Phil Barker's Tidal Model in mental health nursing care. an integrative literature review carried out by LILACS, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. Data were collected from December 2017 to March 2018. After selecting the studies, the sample totaled 24 articles. the articles are in English (91.7%), were published in nursing journals (87.5%), are reflective and/or theoretical (50%) and have level of evidence VII (79.2%). The model brings contributions to nursing science, enabling person-centered care, with an emphasis on interdisciplinary work, nurses' protagonism and the empowerment of subjects in mental suffering. the use of the Tidal Model enables changes in nurses practice working in the context of mental health. Its application by nurses who work in mental health services in Brazil is recommended.

Possible Applications of Arts-Based Research in Creatology Studies

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the possibilities of using Arts-Based Research (ABR) in creatology studies. This method, which is sometimes also called a paradigm, attracts an increasing attention of researchers from various disciplines. The author presents examples of studies on issues close to creatology conducted using ABR in Poland and abroad, which lead to the conclusion that the method is highly useful for creatology studies. The work analyzes properties of ABR, which are particularly valuable from the viewpoint of research interests of creatology, such as formulating new research problems, stimulating scientists’ motivation, bringing the roles of the researcher and the subjects closer, empowerment of subjects, relationship with art therapy, attractive communication of research results to the social environment, involvement in social issues, and possibility of generating social change. The paper also discusses changing relationships between science and art, because the fundamental property of ABR, from which all unique advantages of that method result but which, at the same time, raises doubts in scientists with a traditional approach, is the fact that it blurs the distinction between those two areas of human activity. Possible uses of ABR in specific research situations in creatology as well as possible related problems are analyzed. The author concludes that ABR may be an answer to the need of methodological search in creatology on condition that one adopts a courageous and unconventional research attitude and is ready to accept certain methodological risk.

Sisterhood and "Doing Good": Asymmetries of Western Feminist Location, Access and Orbits of Concern

There are a variety of discourses and practices that position Western feminists (and Western political subjects more generally) as people who have a moral and political obligation to concern themselves with the welfare, suffering, or empowerment of non-Western subjects, often women, and intervene to “do good” on their behalf. Conversely, there are virtually no discourses and practices that assign moral and political obligations to non-Western feminists (or non-Western political subjects more generally) to intervene in matters involving the welfare or suffering of Western subjects, including women. A central goal of my paper is to make this asymmetry explicit and distinguish it from charges such as “essentialism” more commonly made against Western feminist representations of their Others. I explore the consequences of discourses and practices that construct Western subjects as entitled to and obligated to concern themselves with the world entire, while not extending this global scope of concern to non-Western subjects. I critically examine, among other things, the roles assigned Western-funded NGOs in enabling Western subjects to engage in practices of “doing good” and I explore alternative possibilities that are more explicitly “political.” Along the way, I examine certain blind spots in Western political theory that appear connected to the picture of Western subjects as obligated to “do good” in distant places. My analysis engages substantially with Alison Jaggar’s essay, “Saving Amina,” drawing attention to matters of agreement and possible disagreement.

Shattering one-way mirrors – data subject access rights in practice

The right of access occupies a central role in EU data protection law's arsenal of data subject empowerment measures. It can be seen as a necessary enabler for most other data subject rights as well as an important role in monitoring operations and (en)forcing compliance. Despite some high-profile revelations regarding unsavoury data processing practices over the past few years, access rights still appear to be underused and not properly accommodated. It is especially this last hypothesis we tried to investigate and substantiate through a legal empirical study. During the first half of 2017, around sixty information society service providers were contacted with data subject access requests. Eventually, the study confirmed the general suspicion that access rights are by and large not adequately accommodated. The systematic approach did allow for a more granular identification of key issues and broader problematic trends. Notably, it uncovered an often-flagrant lack of awareness; organisation; motivation; and harmonisation. Despite the poor results of the empirical study, we still believe there to be an important role for data subject empowerment tools in a hyper-complex, automated and ubiquitous data-processing ecosystem. Even if only used marginally, they provide a checks and balances infrastructure overseeing controllers' processing operations, both on an individual basis as well as collectively. The empirical findings also allow identifying concrete suggestions aimed at controllers, such as relatively easy fixes in privacy policies and access rights templates.

Sense of Empowerment Among School ICT Coordinators: Personal, Subject-Area and Leadership Empowerment

This qualitative study aimed to reveal patterns of empowerment among ICT (Information and Communication Technology) coordinators during ICT reform implementation in schools, and to examine if and how a sense of empowerment is expressed in their roles as teachers and as agents of change. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 24 ICT coordinators from elementary schools, who were asked to describe the ICT role and its affects upon them. Findings indicate that participants felt empowerment in three areas: (1) personal; (2) subject area; and (3) leadership. All participants felt personally empowered by their new role. This was expressed in a sense of self-efficacy, a sense of responsibility, intrinsic motivation to act, and the ability to lead change and overcome resistance. Some also felt subject area empowerment, which expressed as a desire to learn more about ICT, pedagogical-technical knowledge, and improving the quality of their own ICT teaching. Others experienced leadership empowerment, which manifested as being able to instruct staff members, expand their own areas of authority and achieve hierarchical job advancement. Those 10 participants who experienced (1) and (2) saw their future career advancement as becoming better ICT teachers, whereas those 14 participants who experienced (1) and (3) perceived their ICT coordinator role as a lever to achieve leadership positions, not necessarily within education. All the ICT coordinators reported that the ICT coordinator position positively affected the way they undertook their other teaching roles. The study indicates that synergy results from holding a dual role as teacher and ICT coordinator.

The Idea of Equality and Qualitative Inquiry

With his path-breaking The Qualitative Manifesto. A Call to Arms (2010), Norman Denzin calls for qualitative inquiry to be carried out with the aim of contributing to the empowerment of subjects involved in the research. He pleads passionately and vehemently in favor of a research process that is led by the ideal of social justice. My contribution wants to plead for making radical equality between researchers and research subjects a core element of qualitative inquiries as well. For this purpose, I will turn to the work of the French philosopher Jacques Rancière, who has been largely ignored in qualitative inquiry. His work, though, is of central importance for critical qualitative research. The idea of equality opens up a new and more profound understanding of politics that would allow us to specify the political meaning of qualitative studies in late capitalism more accurately.

International Migration in South Asia: Notes on the “Illegal Migration” from Bangladesh to India

India is known for its huge diaspora of over 20 million people outside of the country, (MEA: 2002), whose growing importance has stimulated the development of a specific governmental structure to relate with it. At the same time India is known for receiving several migrants from different South Asian countries, such as Bangladesh, that is associated with “illegal immigration” and human trafficking. In turn, illegal immigration has been a burning issue in the North East of India associated with serious socio-political implications. Though India and Bangladesh depict different positions on the subject, they have put into practice a joint Coordinated Border Management Plan (CBMP), ned in July 2011, besides managing a ‘Task Force of Bangladesh and India for Rescue, Recovery, Repatriation and Integration of Trafficked victims/survivors’. The subject has precipitated questions on security in terms of, both, the states as well as the human beings involved/affected. Considering the above mentioned, this paper aims at analyzing the characteristic of illegal migration from Bangladesh to India by means of the analysis of documents and the review of literature on the subject. Taking up the dynamics of the contemporary positions of both the countires this research offers a critical analysis of the politically sensitive issue. Having signed an agreement on the enclaves issue and the renewal of the bilateral commerce, the two contiguous neihbours also highlight the need to monitor the border in a more effective way, and disable the policy of ‘vote bank’ amidst their other concerns. It seems worthy of attention therefore, that India and Bangladesh work for a more comprehensive approach to the question of security. It would be interesting to see if such an approach between them could also include on board, the issues connected with the development and empowerment of subjects and regions, both as a strategy and as a response to the subject.

Gender quotas, gender mainstreaming and gender relations in politics

This article seeks to reintroduce discussions on gender relations in politics back into scholarly and political debate. Many countries have adopted gender quotas, but it is unclear whether their implementation has meaningfully changed the prevalent inequalities governing gender relations in politics. This article considers whether the implementation of gender quotas could promote change, and assesses this change with reference to five criteria formerly used to assess the strategy of gender mainstreaming. These are a shift towards a more comprehensive concept of gender equality; the incorporation of a gender perspective intersected with other inequalities in mainstream politics; equal political representation; organizational changes in selection and recruitment mechanisms as well as the functioning of politics; and, finally, the displacement of hierarchies, and the empowerment of subjects. Reflection on and empirical illustrations of gender quotas with regard to these criteria reveal a mixed picture, demonstrating the need to reintroduce discussions about gender equality within politics back into gender quota debates. This discussion will not focus on the legitimacy of or need for gender quotas, but on how their implementation can contribute to the improvement of gender relations in politics beyond a quantitative sense. Approaching gender quotas through the use of criteria devised for assessing the gender mainstreaming strategy is helpful in exploring the potential of gender quotas in the transformation of gender relations.

MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT

The issue in this research is how to improve society ability through process human and physical capital. The relation between capital and ability improvement will be examined in this research by placing process empowerment as mediating variable to explain the activities involved. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected using survey method technique through questionnaire. Furthermore statistical analysis was used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of Smart Partial Least Square. This research has found two ways as path patterns directed to the increasing of society ability, which are (1) pattern consist of “two creating stage” to society ability, and (2) These pattern show that to improve society ability need “three stage” of process activity. The correlation is while the empowerment process increases higher, it will impulse the creating of society ability. The implementation of this research’s result, stated that if the empowerment wants to develop human capital, it will be better if the empowerment is supported by apply the developing ability of subject empowerment.

Challenging Our Assumptions in the Biological Area of Adapted Physical Activity: A Reaction to Shephard (1998)

The biological area of adapted physical activity research has traditionally been dominated by the positivist or rational empirical paradigm, or the scientific method. Underlying assumptions of the inquirer and inquired’s objectivity and independence have generated much criticism. Researchers have argued that the scientific method produces an impoverished view of reality and that claims to an objective and value-free stance are ideological and mythical. Critique of rational-empiricism, the scientific method, present science, or the received-view may be understood at three levels: intraparadigmatic, extraparadigmatic, and intramethod. Dr. Shephard (1998) addresses the latter in his paper and as such, his is a method-based approach. A methodological analysis, however, requires examining the underlying tacit assumptions of the scientific method. In this paper, critique of the scientific method is offered and justification of the critique examined. Proposed alternatives include an expansionist view of research, inclusion of subjective elements, triangulated designs, and empowerment of subjects.