Employment Rate Of Graduates Research Articles

INPUTS AND OUTPUTS OF HIGHER EDUCATION: A READING OF THE ALGERIAN HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE LIGHT OF THE KNOWLEDGE INDEX

Objective: The purpose of this research is to assess and understand the condition and difficulties facing the education system, in Algeria in light of the knowledge economy, with particular focus on the alignment between university outputs and labor market demands. Theoretical Framework: The study is based on the concept of the knowledge based economy model which underscores the pressing requirement for institutions to adjust to progress and changing economic landscapes. It examines the relationship between higher education outcomes and economic development in developing nations. Method: The study employs an analytical approach to evaluate Algeria's higher education system, examining public spending patterns, graduate employment rates, and the alignment between academic programs and market needs. Results and Discussion: The results indicate that with rises, in funding, for public education and enhancements educational inputs, Algeria faces persistent challenges: (1) high unemployment rates among university graduates, (2) misalignment between academic training and industry requirements, and (3) limited focus on entrepreneurship and innovation in university curricula. Research Implications: The study recommends strategic reforms including: (1) reorienting universities toward entrepreneurship education, (2) strengthening research and innovation capabilities, and (3) developing learning environments that foster creativity and practical skills. These changes aim to shift from a purely employment-focused model to one that emphasizes job creation. Originality/Value: In this study a thorough examination of the education system, in Algeria is presented within the framework of the knowledge economy., offering evidence-based recommendations for transforming universities from institutions that prepare job seekers to centers that create job creators, thereby contributing to sustainable economic development.

An evaluation and comparative analysis of higher education health and sustainability: India’s performance and global

This study evaluates the health and sustainability of higher education systems in nine countries: the USA, UK, Australia, Germany, Canada, China, Brazil, India, and South Africa. Using a multi-level analysis model and principal component analysis (PCA), nine key factors—such as international student numbers, academic levels, and graduate employment rates—were identified, capturing over 90% of the cumulative impact on higher education systems. India, scoring 6.2036 initially, shows significant room for improvement. The study proposes policies to increase graduate employment, promote international faculty collaboration, and enhance India’s educational expenditure, which surpasses 9.8% of GDP. Post-policy simulations suggest India’s score could rise to 8.7432. The paper also addresses the impact of COVID-19 on global education, recommending a hybrid model and increased graduate enrollment in China to reduce unemployment by 5.4%. The research aims to guide sustainable development in higher education globally.

What are the key predictors of international teacher shortages?

ABSTRACT Recurrent teacher shortages have been a long-standing problem for many countries. Popular strategies to attract and retain teachers, used over several decades across the world, include bursaries, scholarships, performance-related pay, professional development and reducing workload. Governments in England have invested heavily in such policy responses, but none have been shown to be particularly effective. Such policies have tended to be based on weak research evidence. Much previous research has not considered the many different factors that can explain teacher shortages, and so yields misleading results by focussing on a few factors only. In this paper, we present our ongoing research to advance understanding of teacher shortages by comparing 18 countries that reportedly have and have not experienced teacher supply issues, using a complex Qualitative Comparative Approach, and based on numerous international datasets with (initially) hundreds of possible determinants. The results suggest that wider economic issues, such as the employment rate of graduates in subjects like humanities, are key predictors of shortages, along with teacher reports of poor behaviour of students, lack of resources, and pay. This should be of interest to a wide range of stakeholders, including policy-makers, wanting to develop more effective and targeted interventions to improve teacher supply.

Contribution of TVET Schools’ Outcomes on Human Capital Development in Rwanda: A Case of Bugesera District

The study assessed the specific contribution of TVET schools’ outcomes to human capital development in Rwanda. The specific objectives of this study investigatet the role of TVET schools on the employment rate, assessed the students and parents’ attitudes towards technical vocational education and training trades, and established the relationship between TVET schools’ outcomes and human capital development in Bugesera District. The study involved 610 TVET students, graduates, trainers, school managers, employers, parents, and community administrators in Bugesera district. The researcher used human capital theory and skill-biased technological change theory. A mixed-methods design with 241 respondents was used, with purposive and simple random sampling. Data was collected through questionnaires and documentation, and analyzed using SPSS. For the first objective indicated that , TVET schools prepare students for employment opportunities, with 86.1% strongly agreed that there is an increase in employment opportunities for TVET graduates compared to other educational streams, with 93.7% strongly agreeing and 2.5% agreeing, 87.3% strongly agreed that TVET schools adequately equip students with the necessary skills for the job market, 62.0 strongly agreed that the choice of technical trades offered by the TVET school contributes to higher employment rates. To the second results objective, the finding reveals that 67.1% strongly that TVET school gave them the necessary skills and knowledge needed to enter the job market, and they are satisfied, and 89.9% strongly agreed that TVET schools have a substantial impact on enhancing the employment rate of graduates in Rwanda,84.8% strongly agreed that TVET graduates have higher employment rates compared to university graduates, 83.5% strongly agreed. The study found a significant association between improved work opportunities, job readiness, technical skills, practical skills, lifelong learning, and increased workforce productivity, with innovation and adaptability positively related to these independent variables, with a p-value less than 0.05. TVET schools in Rwanda are crucial for human capital development, promoting economic growth and poverty reduction. They should equip students with practical skills, foster an entrepreneurial culture, and offer programs in emerging fields.

Study on the Application of Error Back-Propagation Algorithm Applied to the Student Status Management in Higher Education Institutions

The objective of this work is to predict the employment rate of students based on the information in the SSM (student status management) in colleges and universities. Firstly, the relevant content of SSM is introduced. Secondly, the BP (Back Propagation) neural network, the LM (Levenberg Marquardt) algorithm, and the BR (Bayesian Regularization) algorithm are introduced. In addition, the LM algorithm is combined with the BR algorithm to optimize the BP neural network, so as to establish a prediction model of the employment rate of college graduates based on the LM-BP neural network (the established prediction model). Finally, the established prediction model is verified after the historical data of college students in the SSM are managed and processed using the big data analysis technology. It suggests that the established prediction model shows higher prediction accuracy, more stable prediction performance, more ideal prediction effect, and higher practical application value.

대학 정량지표를 통해 본 대학혁신지원사업의 성과와 시사점

Objectives This study analyzed the performance of university innovation support projects through quantitative in-dicators of universities. Methods A paired t-test method and one-way analysis of variance were used as research methods. Results As a result of the analysis, the acquisition rate of full-time teachers and the recruitment rate of students were lower than before the university innovation support project, while the education cost reduction rate, the total number of courses per student, the appropriateness of the lecture size, the recruitment rate of new students, and the employment rate of graduates were higher than before the university innovation support project. The recruit-ment rate of enrolled students and the employment rate of graduates were higher in the metropolitan area than in the non-metropolitan area. According to the university size, there was no difference in the rate of change in all indicators except for the enrollment rate, and in the case of the enrollment rate, large universities performed better than those that did not. Conclusions This study is significant in that it has confirmed that the university innovation support project is ach-ieving quantitative as well as qualitative performance of various university innovations, and balances according to university regional conditions and size.

TRACER STUDY ON THE EMPLOYABILITY OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION GRADUATES FROM ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 TO 2023

Tracer study is used to determine the needs for improvement of a program in colleges and university by measuring the employability and the effectivity of the quality education provided by the institution to its graduates. This tracer study aims to determine the employment rate and status of graduates from 2019 to 2023 of the program Bachelor in Elementary Education – Generalist of a local college in Kapalong, Davao del Norte. The study used a descriptive method with a total number of 172 respondents and was conducted online using Google Forms. The result of the tracer study reveals that the employment rate of the graduates is 51.16% in which 30.81% practiced the teaching profession while 20.35% are in non-teaching field. The survey also revealed that 22.67% of the employed graduates earned within Php21,000 to Php30,000 per month, and 20.93% have secured their first job within 4 to 8 months. Attitude to work, quality education provision, and skills and abilities development both obtained a very high level of description which signifies that these are always manifested by the graduates. Thus, it is recommended that the institution should improve its partnerships with local industry partners and community linkages and establish graduates and employability coordinator to trace and help graduates informed for more opportunities for work. KEYWORDS: tracer study, elementary education, employability, teacher education

Tracing Rwandan TVET Graduates’ Competences and Employability with their Potential Employers’ Satisfaction

The government of Rwanda set its development agenda with a focus on transforming the country from a predominantly agrarian to a knowledge-based and service-driven economy by the year 2020. The role of WDA in strengthening linkages between education and employment is imperative for sustainable economic development. However, the relationship between education and employment cannot be ascertained without conducting a tracer study. It’s against this background that a tracer study about the employment status of TVET graduates across the trades/ disciplines was needed to assess their employability and the employers’ levels of satisfaction with the graduates’ competencies in the various agencies where the latter are employed, an in-depth assessment of how graduates assess themselves concerning the relevance and quality of their training and the labor market demands and research-based recommendations on what curriculum changes TVET institutions could be adapted to enhance the competence and employability level of the TVET graduates. We found that the employment rate of IBT graduates was quite impressive, as 70.1% of the graduates were employed, and the average earning per month was 63,592 Rwf. In addition, findings reveal that most respondents (64.9%) reported having spent less or equal to 3 months before they got employment, 14.4% indicated 4-6 months, and 15.2% reported 7-12 months. Regarding employer satisfaction of IBT graduates, competencies, 90.6% noted that they were delighted with the graduates’ work. This directly implies their level of performance on the job. However, some of the following challenges were highlighted. These included high student-teacher ratios, insufficient time for training, lack of meaningful network, and lack of job-related information and opportunities for further training.

Human Capital Productivity and "ageing" Expenditure: An OECD Study

Abstract Demographic ageing that is already evident in many OECD countries will become more acute in the coming decades. The costs associated with this phenomenon are most apparent in spending on pensions, healthcare and long-term care. Among the solutions put forward to deal with this, the productivity of human capital is the one we propose and analyze. According to Mincer's theory, the salary, which represents the reward for production, is the variable that we propose to use in the analysis of human capital productivity. Salary is the materialization of work done, so the higher it is, the more productive it is. Salary variation is therefore our dependent variable and spending on pensions and healthcare are our key independent variables. Our analysis covers 33 of the 37 countries that make up the OECD system. We use the ordinary least squares method on panel data covering the period 2000-2020. Our key independent variables show a negative correlation with salary variation. This would mean that an increase in spending on pensions and healthcare would lead to a reduction in salaries to cover these costs. However, as our education variables (average years of study, employment rate of secondary and tertiary graduates...) show a positive correlation with salary variation, we can undoubtedly state that improving human capital through education and training is the solution to be encouraged by the public authorities in a context of ageing. JEL classification numbers: H51, H55, E24. Keywords: Productivity, Human capital, Pension expenditure, Healthcare expenditure.

Challenges Faced by Arts Graduates in the Current Job Market: A Sri Lankan Perspective

Unemployment is a major issue for arts graduates in various countries, including Sri Lanka. In 2023, the Labor Force Survey reported an overall unemployment rate of 4.7%, with over 50,000 unemployed graduates, mostly from Arts and social sciences backgrounds in Sri Lanka. Therefore, the Sri Lankan government should develop appropriate policies to reduce unemployment. Consequently, research is needed to identify the factors and challenges faced by arts graduates in unemployment for policymakers. Numerous studies worldwide have explored the factors and challenges of unemployment among this group. The main objective of this study is to identify the challenges faced by arts graduates in the current Job market in Sri Lanka and to identify the causes of unemployment and propose recommendations to them. Quantitative research method was used to achieve the objectives of the study, the primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 120 Arts undergraduates from the South Eastern, Eastern, Peradeniya, and Jaffna Universities. Simultaneously, secondary data were gathered from books, research articles, University Grant Commission report, National Audit Office report, Sri Lanka Labor Force Survey report, and websites. The collected data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The study found that major challenges for Arts graduates include abundant job opportunities in the private sector. However, issues such as the necessary knowledge and skills often lead to prolonged unemployment. Many Arts graduates anticipate government jobs due to the perceived job security and pension benefits in the public sector. Simultaneously, Arts stream graduates who have completed professional courses and internship training are more likely to secure their first jobs immediately after graduation compared to those who haven't undergone such training. Nevertheless, a significant challenge is the limited employment opportunities for Arts graduates, both in the private and public sectors. The study indicates the necessity for substantial structural reforms on both the supply and demand sides to enhance the employability and employment rates of graduates. The government must take a leading role in these reforms to generate more job opportunities for arts graduates, while higher education institutes should initiate significant changes in study programs to cultivate intellectually rich and highly skilled graduates in arts and social sciences.

Innovative Development Strategies for the Integration of Industry and Education in Colleges and Universities in the Internet Era

Abstract To cultivate more application-oriented talents needed in the market, this paper puts forward a series of innovative development strategies for the integration of industry and education for the government, schools, and enterprises. The indicators used to determine whether the integration of industry and education is good or bad are relatively complicated because it is a long-term and complex teaching mode. In this paper, we use hierarchical analysis to construct a reasonable and clear evaluation index framework and use the convolutional neural network algorithm to calculate the weight value of each index, to comprehensively reflect the impact of the mechanism of industry-teaching integration on students, schools, and enterprises. According to the results of the evaluation system, the weights of the indicator “school running form” and the indicator “employment rate of graduates” reach 0.71 and 0.43 respectively, which fully indicates that the mechanism of integration of industry and education promotes the transformation of several courses in the school, and also helps students to solve the problem of employment. Employment Problems. In addition, the global weight value of the indicator “training cost of new employees” is only 0.01, which greatly reduces the recruitment and training cost of enterprises through the integration of industry and education. Therefore, the convolutional neural network adopted in this paper can effectively calculate the weight value and judge that the innovative development strategy of industry-teaching integration is of great help to all three parties.

Research on the optimization strategy of matching the structure of vocational education and industrial development in Hubei under the background of big data

Abstract There is a certain gap between the current situation of matching vocational education graduates and regional industrial development letters in Hubei Province, which needs to be dealt with by the efforts of vocational education institutions, the government, industrial frontiers, and graduates themselves. Aiming at the current problems of Hubei Province that the match between vocational education and industrial development structure is not high enough and the level of cooperation between industry and education needs to be improved, this paper puts forward the optimization strategy of matching between industry and education in vocational education institutions that contains five suggestions. After designing the hierarchical analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to construct the evaluation index system, the C1 vocational education institutions that carried out the optimization reform of industry-industry matching according to the strategy of this paper were compared with the remaining two ordinary vocational education institutions. It is found that the overall level of industry-education matching of C1 institutions, 87.489, is the highest among the three institutions and is excellent, and the scores of the first-level indexes are 87.095, 90.216, and 85.371, respectively. The satisfaction levels of faculty, curriculum construction, and enterprise benefit are 0.91, 0.9, and 0.95, thanks to the fact that C1 colleges and universities have introduced off-campus industrial mentors under the guidance of the strategy of optimizing the matching of production and education increased the number of applied skills courses, expanding school-enterprise cooperation and other initiatives have had obvious effects. The employment rate of graduates in their specialty counterparts has steadily increased from 69.4% in 2018 to 88.5% in 2023, and the degree of structural matching between vocational education and industrial development has significantly increased. This paper makes useful thinking and innovative strategies for achieving better matching between vocational education and industrial structure, and promoting industrial development and economic transformation and upgrading in Hubei Province.

Application of 4P Marketing Theory to Improve the Employment Rate of Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture

To study the influencing factors of the employment rate of college students and guideline improving the employment rate of Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, 364 students of 6878 graduates in 2022 were randomly selected.Total 60 questions covered the students’ basic information,364 valid samples were collected, and SPSS statistical analysis method was used to evaluate the degree of correlation and influence between independent variables and dependent variables. The analysis reveals that the employment demand for graduates is generally met, but continuous improvement in talent training is necessary, particularly in addressing the disparity between employer demands and students’ abilities. In conclusion, 1.Product (Curriculum and Talent Training): The study identifies the need for continuous improvement in talent training to enhance the employment rate and satisfaction of graduates. 2.Price (Competitiveness in the Job Market): The increasing number of graduates has led to a decline in employers’ expectations while simultaneously raising treatment and conditions, impacting graduates’ competitiveness.3.Promotion (Information Asymmetry):Addressing information asymmetry through improved transmission of accurate employment information is crucial for boosting graduates’ confidence and competitiveness.4.Channels (Employment Strategies):To enhance the employment rate, leveraging internet technology for precise online recruitment and creating additional channels through off-campus practice bases is recommended.

Study on the Path of Improving the Employability of Special Groups of College Students in the Context of Three All-round Education

Special groups of college students are in a disadvantaged position in terms of employment due to the economic conditions of their families, the pressure of life and study, the external environment and other factors, so how to improve the employment rate of graduates from special groups of college students has become an urgent problem to be solved. Under the background of "Three all-round education", colleges and universities, society and families should make joint efforts to improve the employability of special groups of college students, implement personalized employment guidance, and provide a full range of employment services. The article discusses the meaning of college students' employability, analyzes the factors affecting the employability of special groups of college students, and explores effective ways to improve them.

Perspectives of employers on graduate employability skills: A case of Malaysia

One of the main reasons for the low employment rate of Malaysian graduates is a lack of skills. A substantial number of employers have expressed dissatisfaction with the quality of graduates, claiming that they lack the necessary skills required for successful employment. This research aims to investigate the perceptions of employers on the importance and level of satisfaction with the employability skills of graduates and subsequently examine the gap between them (level of importance and satisfaction). The survey included 63 employers from the manufacturing industry, and the data were analyzed. The results suggest that employers viewed all eight skills, such as English communication skills, thinking skills, positive attitude and teamwork, work planning skills, work discipline, self-motivation, and technology skills, as essential employability skills. However, the gap analysis reveals that they were dissatisfied with the skills possessed by the graduates, indicating that the skills of the graduates fell short of their expectations, which is consistent with their dissatisfaction. The highest differences between satisfaction and expectation arise from English communication skills and thinking skills, followed by self-motivation, a positive attitude, teamwork, work planning skills, technology skills, and work discipline skills. This study provides important insights for graduates, higher education institutions, and policymakers in Malaysia, as well as in countries facing the issue of the low employability of graduates.

Employment of Fresh Graduates from Higher Vocational Schools (Specialty) vs. General Higher Schools (Undergraduate) in 2022 Shanghai

This study aims to explore the employment situation of fresh graduates of higher vocational schools (specialty) and general higher schools (undergraduate) in Shanghai in 2022, and to compare them from the perspectives of employment rate and average salary. In this study, the contextual factor is the epidemics impact on the economy and the labor market. By doing an online survey, the study concluded that the employment rate of fresh graduates from higher vocational schools was relatively high, while the average salary of fresh graduates from general higher schools was higher. In addition, most of the participants were satisfied with the correlation between the job they were currently engaged in and the specialty they studied in their undergraduate/specialized degree. The studys findings point to a correlation between educational background and actual salary, job specialty correlation, and job satisfaction. As a result, its possible that the studys results arent as reliable as they may be. Finally, this research sheds light on the job landscape for new Shanghai grads from both higher vocational and general higher schools in 2022, as well as the correlation between academic credentials and professional success. A deeper understanding of the problem will need more study with a bigger sample size and other considerations.

Research on the Innovation of Talent Cultivation Mode and Industry-Education Integration Mechanism of College Education in the Internet Era

Abstract In this paper, in order to obtain a better classification evaluation effect, a feedback connection model is added to the convolutional neural network to establish the evaluation model of the integration of industry and education in colleges and universities based on FCNN. Compare the MSE loss values of the traditional BP neural network model and the FCNN model. Indicator system construction, with the help of the accuracy of the convolutional neural network, to carry out the whole process of evaluation around the indicators, weights, and the quality of the implementation results. The data of students’ micro-expression concentration recognition test is used as the evaluation data of students’ project participation, comparing the recognition rate of the participation evaluation system proposed in this paper and the traditional participation evaluation system to complete the quality evaluation of the talent cultivation model of college education. Analyze the data on the graduation rates of college graduates to determine the effectiveness of the university’s integration of college education. The analysis shows that in 2022, the professional matching employment rate of graduates was 86.28%, which reflects the high efficiency of the university’s industry-teaching integration on the cultivation of professional and applied talents, and the mechanism of industry-teaching integration is well affiliated.

Is There a Surplus of College Graduates in China? Exploring Strategies for Sustainable Employment of College Graduates

In 2019, China achieved a milestone in higher education with a gross enrollment rate surpassing 50%, signifying the internationally recognized phase of “universalization”. In 2023, the escalating number of college graduates amounted to 11.58 million, an increase of 0.8 million over the last year, reaching a new high in scale. Despite this remarkable progress, the employment rate of college graduates has remained low and stagnant over the past two decades. This paradox highlights the pressing need to address the employment challenges faced by a growing number of college graduates in China. The existing supply structure of college graduates, including education levels, academic disciplines, spatial distribution, and core competencies, is inconsistent with the demand structure of the labor market. This mismatch emphasizes the necessity for both the supply and demand sides to collaborate in resolving the college graduate employment problem. By advancing the industrial structure, optimizing the configuration of higher education, and fostering a culture of innovation, a harmonious integration of the higher education system with economic development, market demands, and long-term planning can be achieved. The strategies proposed in this study offer practical solutions to promote sustainable employment for college graduates in China.

Python-based employment big data analysis in higher vocational colleges

In recent years, with the increase of graduates and the economic slowdown caused by the impact of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, the problem of difficult employment has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. Taking the employment data of graduates of a vocational college as an example, this paper displays the employment rate of graduates, employment industry, matching degree between employment unit and profession, salary level, geographical distribution and other information through data collection, data cleaning, data analysis and data visualization, so as to provide reference for students' career planning and employment choice. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to help students better plan their career development, and job market data support for universities and government departments are also provided.

Trends in Brazil’s Forestry Education—Part 3: Employment Patterns of Forest Engineering Graduates from Two Public Universities in the Last 15 Years

The employment rate of graduates and the interest of organizations in a high-skilled professional workforce are essential drivers of actions within the universities to improve the qualifications of college students. Our objective was to identify the sectors of employment pursued by graduates from forestry engineering programs of the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ/USP) and of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). We also conducted a survey among companies affiliated with the Forest Science and Research Institute (IPEF) to understand the percentage of forest engineers employed by these organizations to gain insights into the scale of this occupation in Brazil. We established two graduate cohorts to investigate the impact of changes in the last five years. In the first cohort (2008–2017), 82% and 40% of graduates from ESALQ/USP and UFRPE were involved in the forestry sector, respectively. However, in the second cohort (2018–2022), the percentage increased from 82% to 97% for graduates from ESALQ/USP, and after changes in the program, the percentage of graduates from UFRPE engaged in the forestry industry significantly rose from 40% to 73%. We discussed the reasons for these increases, mainly in terms of the growing market demand for forestry professionals. In the case of UFRPE, the boost in employment was attributed to the creation of a group for forestry practices along with actions to approach the private sector. We also found a strong ratio of one forest engineer to 4000 ha of planted forest among the enterprises associated with IPEF, indicating a substantial potential of employment in the forestry sector.