Academic Employment Research Articles

Tribute: John Thomas Ford, C.S.C. (1932–2021)

TributeJohn Thomas Ford, C.S.C. (1932–2021)* Dr. Kenneth L. Parker The field of newman studies suffered the loss of a great scholar and mentor when Fr. John Ford, CSC passed from this life. He died peacefully on 29 December 2021 at Holy Cross House in Notre Dame, Indiana, after a protracted struggle with cancer, and a short bout with COVID, from which he was thought to have recovered. We do not begrudge him the next stage of his journey toward the Beatific Vision; yet, we mourn the loss of his encouraging presence, even as we celebrate the achievements of his life. Though he is best known among us as a leading North American scholar of the life, work, and influence of John Henry Newman, his life story reflects a diversity of interests and the many ways he influenced those who came into contact with him. While this tribute can only touch the surface of his rich and varied life, it is an effort to share with you some of the reasons to be thankful for Fr.John Ford's well-lived life, and to remember with gratitude his generosity of spirit and Christian example. John Thomas Ford was born on 21 November 1932 in Dallas, Texas, and was the only child of Thomas and Leonara (Senn) Ford. He attended elementary school at St. Vincent's School, led by the Sisters of the Holy Cross in Logansport, Indiana, and graduated from Logansport High School in 1950. While attending the University of Notre Dame, Fr. Ford received his call to serve God as a Holy Cross priest and entered the Holy Cross Novitiate in Jordan, Minnesota on 15 August 1951, professed final vows on 16 August 1955, and was ordained a Holy Cross priest on 10 June 1959. After graduating from the University of Notre Dame in 1955 with a bachelor's degree in philosophy, he went on to Holy Cross College in Washington, DC to earn his master's degree in theology in 1959. In 1962, Fr. Ford received his doctorate in theology from the Gregorian University in Rome. In 1962, Fr. Ford taught theology at the University of Notre Dame and served as Prefect in Cavanaugh Hall before he left that fall to teach at Holy Cross College in Washington, DC until 1967. In 1964, he was appointed Assistant Superior at the Foreign Mission Seminary and later became Superior until 1968. From 1968 to 2018, Fr. Ford served on the faculty at Catholic University of America (CUA), in Washington, DC. [End Page 101] I first came to know Fr. Ford toward the end of his years as Chair of the Department of Theology at CUA (1977–1983). I was writing my PhD thesis under the supervision of Eamon Duffy at Cambridge University and anxious to find academic employment. Having applied unsuccessfully for a position in the history of Christian spirituality in his department, I wrote to Fr. Ford to ask advice on how to improve my application materials. He responded with a generous suggestion that we meet when he was in England later that year. He spent a day with me, offering sage advice and encouragement that saw me through the difficult process of beginning an academic career. My experience is but a single example of many lives he touched in that way. As the director of 63 dissertations, 16 on John Henry Newman, he knew the fears and frustrations of the young and managed their struggles with a pastoral touch. A notable dimension of Fr. Ford's life work was his passion for ecumenical dialogue. In the post-conciliar era, he served as a member of the United Methodist/Roman Catholic Bilateral Dialogue (1971–1977), the Faith and Order Commission of the National Council of Churches (1981–2011), the Roman Catholic observer-consultant for the Consultation on Church Union (1974–1988) and its Theology Commission (1982–1985), and the Reformed/Roman Catholic International Consultation (1987–1988). His work in the field of ecumenism was recognized in 2014 by the Franciscan Friars of the Atonement with their Paul Wattson Christian Unity Award. His graduate students benefited from his ecumenical work through his course on The History...

MP04-09 TRENDS IN HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE FOR TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022MP04-09 TRENDS IN HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE FOR TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA Tenny R. Zhang, Mary O. Strasser, Samantha L. Thorogood, Christina Sze, Bilal Chughtai, Alexis Te, Richard K. Lee, and Jim C. Hu Tenny R. ZhangTenny R. Zhang More articles by this author , Mary O. StrasserMary O. Strasser More articles by this author , Samantha L. ThorogoodSamantha L. Thorogood More articles by this author , Christina SzeChristina Sze More articles by this author , Bilal ChughtaiBilal Chughtai More articles by this author , Alexis TeAlexis Te More articles by this author , Richard K. LeeRichard K. Lee More articles by this author , and Jim C. HuJim C. Hu More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002521.09AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Compared to traditional treatment options for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) has demonstrated improved outcomes in hemostasis, urinary symptoms, and immediate complication rates. We investigated practice patterns associated with the use of HoLEP. METHODS: We obtained de-identified, self-reported American Board of Urology (ABU) certification/recertification case log data from 2008-2021. We identified 6,632 urologists who performed 73,884 surgeries with an indication for BPH. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes distinguished HoLEP, transurethral resection of prostate (TURP), laser TURP, simple prostatectomy, prostatic urethral lift, transurethral incision of the prostate, and microwave and radiofrequency ablation. We identified 548 urologists (8.3%) who performed 7,386 HoLEP surgeries. Forty-three urologists (0.7%) performed HOLEP exclusively (no other BPH surgical approaches). A logistic regression model was used to determine factors independently associated with using HoLEP. RESULTS: The annual number of HoLEP procedures performed ranged from 3 to 1276, comprising 0.06% to 17.3% of total BPH surgeries annually. Highest HoLEP volumes were logged in 2019, representing 17.3% of total BPH cases. In adjusted analyses (table) factors associated with lower odds of performing HoLEP include surgeon age (odds ratio [OR] 0.93); government (OR 0.06), private practice group (OR 0.44), managed care (OR 0.14), salaried hospital (OR 0.38) vs. academic employment; and Mid-Atlantic (OR 0.28) and New England (0.45) regions vs. South Central (referent). Factors associated with higher odds of performing HoLEP include higher BPH surgical volume (OR 1.02) and endourology (OR 2.41) vs. general urology subspecialty. CONCLUSIONS: HoLEP is more likely to be performed by younger urologists, urologists in academic practice, endourology subspecialists, and those with higher BPH volume. HoLEP was less likely to be performed in Mid-Atlantic and New England regions. Additional studies are needed to elucidate practice pattern variations. Despite evidence demonstrating improved perioperative outcomes compared to competing BPH surgical approaches, HoLEP dissemination over time has been limited, possibly due to prolonged learning curve. Source of Funding: None © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e60 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Tenny R. Zhang More articles by this author Mary O. Strasser More articles by this author Samantha L. Thorogood More articles by this author Christina Sze More articles by this author Bilal Chughtai More articles by this author Alexis Te More articles by this author Richard K. Lee More articles by this author Jim C. Hu More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

South Korean student-athlete academic satisfaction and future employment: an exploratory study

ABSTRACT This study rooted in athletic identity theory investigated South Korean student-athletes’ academic satisfaction, their perception of the value of academic learning, and their confidence to find employment after graduation. The participants were 30 student-athletes (20 men, 10 women) from a national university and community college in South Korea. The research design was a cross-sectional survey, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The research findings and relevant literature raise concerns that need to be addressed further as student-athletes invest so much of their time and energy into their athletic programs. Arguably, however, academic institutions are not providing them with a balanced educational experience nor preparing them well enough to transition into society after athletic retirement. Recommendations are provided in light of this concern for the future of student-athletes.

The employment destination of PhD‐holders in Italy: Non‐academic funded projects as drivers of successful segmentation

AbstractIn high‐income countries in recent years, the non‐academic labour market destination of PhD‐holders, i.e., the segmentation by industry sector of destination, has emerged as an issue. Universities and other research‐intensive institutions can no longer absorb the major share of PhD‐holders. Their employment has become a matter of segmentation both horizontally in terms of the economy and vertically in terms of income. The article reports on outcomes from analysis that tested what factors segment labour market outcomes in two dimensions: (1) the economic sector and (2) income. Findings suggest that scientific mobility and type of funding during PhD studies do not play a notable role. Instead, some types of experiences such as a postdoctoral research position, predict exit from academic employment and also a higher income overall. The most significant experiences that contribute to segmentation are in fact projects funded by private companies or international organisations in postdoctoral periods. Implications for policy making are relevant for both PhD‐holders, universities and external organisations. For instance, maximising collaborations between non‐academic employers and universities is likely to produce beneficial outcomes for PhD‐holders.

Doctoral Education and the Academic Job Market in Planning

This project uses three years (2017–2020) of survey data and job announcements to analyze the alignment between doctoral education and the academic job market in Planning. Graduates are competitive, having teaching experience and published or publishable research. The primary job market (i.e., the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning [ACSP] Career Center) likely accommodates 50 to 60 percent of graduates finding academic employment (or about 25% of graduating cohorts), with a large share navigating the secondary job market. Survey data from program directors suggest approximately one-third of graduates do not aspire to academic careers. This paper illustrates realities of academic employment for recent graduates and includes recommendations for programs.

Academic pipeline or academic treadmill? Postdoctoral fellowships and the circular logic of "development"

South African higher education policy related to postdoctoral fellowships is informed by two related discourses: the discourse of the “academic pipeline” and the discourse of “human capital development”. Both of these are forward-looking concepts which imply that good things lie in future employment for postdocs, and/or increased competitiveness and employment for the nation. This article, which is part autoethnography and part higher education policy analysis, offers a critique of these discourses by narrating the author’s own transition from postgraduate psychology student to contract worker, postdoctoral fellow, unsuccessful permanent job applicant, and finally to accepting an offer of a permanent academic job outside South Africa. While seeing myself as one of these early-career academics in the “pipeline” which the policy documents purport to address, I discuss how research managers use discourses of career development and human capital development to mislead young academics about their academic employment prospects and silence their attempts to critique the system. The article proposes that the concept of the academic pipeline works to obscure how postdoctoral fellowships are part of the casualisation and de-professionalisation of academic work, through which disciplinary identity and accomplishments are being divorced from secure university employment.

The academic precariat post-COVID-19

The nature of work has changed, in accelerated late-capitalism and as a result of the COVID-19 global health crisis. For academics, casualised and precarious, the sweeping institutional changes of contemporary neoliberal universities, the sharp rise in managerialism, and the political power plays of universities have created further untenable spaces for work and study. In this article we explore the relationship between doctoral studies, precarious academic employment, the pandemic, and the disproportionate effects of the changes in higher education on women. Through exploration of personal experience, as precarious academic workers, researchers, and doctoral students, we provide parallels to research literature across pandemic and post-COVID literature. We provide practical suggestions for the corporate university, to rebuild its catastrophically collapsing systems, and re-centre doctoral students in mentorship as the new future of universities in Australia, and around the world.

Epistemic injustice and epistemic positioning: towards an intersectional political economy

This article introduces the concept of epistemic positioning to theorize the relationship between identity-based epistemic judgements and the reproduction of social inequalities, including those of gender and ethnicity/race, in the academia. Acts of epistemic positioning entail the evaluation of knowledge claims based on the speaker’s stated or inferred identity. These judgements serve to limit the scope of the knowledge claim, making it more likely speakers will be denied recognition or credit. The four types of epistemic positioning – bounding (reducing a knowledge claim to elements of personal identity), domaining (reducing a knowledge claim to discipline or field associated with identity), non-attribution (using the claim without recognizing the author) and appropriation (presenting the claim as one’s own) – are mutually reinforcing. Given the growing importance of visibility and recognition in the context of increasing competition and insecurity in academic employment, these practices play a role in the ability of underrepresented groups to remain in the academic profession.

More than Words: A Study of Ethnic Identity, Reading Self-Efficacy, and Reading Practices of Hispanic American and African American Adults

Reading is a basic skill that is needed for academic success and employment opportunity. Aliteracy, or the lack of a reading habit, and lower motivation to read, are problems at the university level, especially among ethnically diverse adults. Reading self-efficacy is associated with reading comprehension, word reading, foreign language learning and the use of reading strategies. Given that ethnic identity has been linked to well-being and an improved sense of competence among minoritized adults, the present study sought to investigate the connection between reading self-efficacy and ethnic identity as well as the reading practices of African American and Hispanic American adults. Results revealed that ethnic identity, ethnicity, and home language explained a statistically significant amount of variance in reading self-efficacy. Similarities and differences in reading choices based on gender were also investigated.

Factors associated with matching into research-focused dermatology residency programs.

Although dermatology is one of the most competitive specialties to match into, there is limited transparency in the residency match process. In this retrospective cohort study of 2234 allopathic medical graduates, we identify applicant characteristics associated with matching into research oriented dermatology programs. Many of the statistically significant variables in our study, including PhD/MD status, graduating from a Top-25 NIH funded medical school, increasing total number of pre-residency publications (PRPs), and increasing number of high-impact PRPs, correlate with future academic employment. Although literature shows an association between an increasing number of first author PRPs and future academic employment, we did not find number of first or last author PRPs to be predictive of matching into a research oriented residency program. A more comprehensive evaluation of an applicant's research output, considering both the final products of an applicant's research endeavors and an applicant's role in various projects, may better approximate an applicant's commitment to academics.

Entering the community of practice: changes in engineering students’ engineering identities and perceptions of the field

ABSTRACT Policymakers and industry representatives have called for an increase in the number of engineering graduates, but many students, even in their final year of their programs, remain unsure of their plans to enter engineering as a career. The research question guiding this study is: how do changes in students’ perceptions of the field of engineering relate to how they describe their development of engineering identity? To address this question, focus group interviews were conducted with 62 students across 15 engineering majors and three universities in the United States. Results indicate that students find engineering to be broader than anticipated, which implicates how they imagine they might contribute to the field. Students perceive that perseverance, collaboration, and opportunities for authentic engagement with practice lead to academic success and better employment outcomes, and they recognise lifelong learning will help them continually adapt to the dynamic and complex nature of the engineering field.

Review: Traces of J. B. Jackson: The Man Who Taught Us to See Everyday America

Review: <i>Traces of J. B. Jackson: The Man Who Taught Us to See Everyday America</i>

Field Specializations among Beginning Economists: Are There Gender Differences?

We examine the process underlying field specialization among beginning economists. Our multivariate logit framework accommodates single-and dual-field specializations with correlated choices. Including field-specific relative salaries and expected probabilities of academic employment is a novel aspect of this research. After conditioning on personal, economic, and institutional variables, we find that women graduate students are less likely to specialize in labor/health, macro/finance, industrial organization, public economics, and development/growth/international fields and are more likely to specialize in agricultural/resource/environmental fields. The Duncan dissimilarity index suggests that 14 percent of either sex would have to change specialization in order to achieve complete parity.

From Treasure to Trash: The Changing Meaning of Books in the New Social Economy of Higher Education

This paper draws on the findings of an autoethnographic study to discuss significant changes in the character of US institutions of higher education in recent decades. The autoethnography incorporates two forms of evidence: first, a dataset generated from the author’s experiences, observations, communications, and interactions over a 40-year career as a college professor in a wide range of academic settings, and second, a specific event that occurred just weeks before the author’s formal retirement from full-time academic employment. The latter event proved to be analytically important as a crystallizing experience for making sense of the larger body of data collected over the author’s academic career. The event serves as a dramatic illustration of profound changes in how various academic constituencies have come to define the meaning and value of academic books. The paper proposes that the changing meaning of books among key academic actors can be viewed as an important signifier of broader social-economic trends in higher education in the postwar era.

Open Access, Plan S and ‘Radically Liberatory’ Forms of Academic Freedom

ABSTRACTThis opinion piece interrogates the position that open access policies infringe academic freedom. Through an analysis of the objections to open access policies (specifically Plan S) that draw on academic freedom as their primary concern, the article illustrates the shortcomings of foregrounding a negative conception of academic freedom that primarily seeks to protect the fortunate few in stable academic employment within wealthy countries. Although Plan S contains many regressive and undesirable elements, the article makes a case for supporting its proposal for zero‐embargo repository‐based open access as the basis for a more positive form of academic freedom for scholars around the globe. Ultimately, open access publishing only makes sense within a project that seeks to nurture this positive conception of academic freedom by transforming higher education towards something more socially just and inclusive of knowledge producers and consumers worldwide.

„Judenrein“? Zum Antisemitismus an der Wiener Rechtsund Staatswissenschaftlichen Fakultät vor 1938

The article deals primarily with anti‐Semitism at the University of Vienna in the 19th and 20th centuries, especiallyat the Faculty of Law and State. It also gives an overview on the different methods that were used to exclude specificgroups of persons from university studies or academic employment. Although Jews were admitted to the Universityof Vienna in the late 18th century, they faced many difficulties – legal as well as factual ones – if they wanted topursue an academic career. Although the legal obstacles were abolished at the end of the 19th century, Jewish scholars’chances to obtain a professorship were small due to the rising anti‐Semitism at the University of Vienna. Theconsequences of the anti‐Semitic atmosphere and schemes are exemplified by the cases of Hans Kelsen and StephanBrassloff, among others.

Émigrés, Immigration, and the Historical Profession in the United States

Émigrés, Immigration, and the Historical Profession in the United States Elise Kimerling Wirtschafter Jonathan W. Daly, Pillars of the Profession: The Correspondence of Richard Pipes and Marc Raeff. xx + 433 pp. Leiden: Brill, 2019. ISBN-13 978-9004361669. $147.00. Oleg Igorevich Zakharov, Otkryvaia Ameriku: Monografiia (Discovering America: A Monograph). 214 pp. Moscow: U Nikitskikh vorot, 2019. ISBN-13 978-5000957585. The history of Russian émigré scholars working in the United States is one that touches on the personal and professional lives of many currently practicing historians. Although some readers may find the topic difficult to approach from a strictly scholarly point of view, Oleg Zakharov's Otkryvaia Ameriku is sufficiently removed from the subject(s) of study, in time and space, to qualify as scholarly analysis. Zakharov explores the immigration to the United States of four historians from diverse subfields who belonged to a Russian academic community formed before the Bolshevik Revolution. These include the classical scholar Mikhail Ivanovich Rostovtsev (Michael Rostovtseff), the Byzantine scholar Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Vasil´ev (Alexander Vasiliev), the Russian and Byzantine historian Georgii Vladimirovich Vernadskii (George Vernadsky), and the Russian historian Mikhail Mikhailovich Karpovich (Michael Karpovich). Among Russianists, Vernadsky is remembered for disseminating a Eurasianist interpretation of Russian history and Karpovich for the historians he trained and the émigré publication he edited. All four scholars emigrated (or remained abroad) because of ideological disagreements with the Soviet regime, which made them vulnerable to Bolshevik repressions. All of them also made successful academic careers in the United States, though for a time, they lived with [End Page 660] the expectation or hope that the fall of Soviet power would allow them to return to Russia. Based on letters, memoirs, diaries, scholarly works, and journalistic writings, Zakharov's study covers the period from Rostovtsev's arrival in the United States in 1920 to Vernadsky's death in 1973. The author situates his monograph within scholarship dating from the 1990s that explores how Russian émigrés adapted to the United States. Focused on the everyday life, material and emotional, of the historians and their families, Zakharov identifies four stages in the process of adaptation: the introduction (usually dominated by financial and job insecurity), the stage of tolerance or indulgence (terpimost´), and the final stages of accommodation and assimilation. In taking this approach, Zakharov follows sociological theory and the "social history of science" (32), which lead him to highlight the economic, social, and cultural conditions of the émigrés' lives together with their strategies of survival and integration. After tracing the progression from initial financial hardship to the securing of academic positions to the ability to pursue scholarship and the recognition that they would not be going home, Zakharov seeks to determine whether or not his subjects found fulfillment in their new home. Zakharov's émigré scholars generally preferred European life but benefited from greater professional opportunity in the United States. Their distance from Russia (in contrast to the émigré community that settled in Prague) and the limited bureaucratic demands imposed on them (once the long investigations required to obtain a visa had been completed) also facilitated integration into American society. Although in the United States the émigrés lacked the social networks and government support available in Czechoslovakia, they obtained suitable academic employment prior to the Great Depression. By the 1930s, allowing for individual differences, they achieved a measure of economic security and could afford cars, summer homes, and housekeepers. The émigrés could be critical of American education (describing the universities as factories) and culture (decrying the dominance of sports and cinema), but over time they began to feel comfortable and even expressed satisfaction with their life circumstances. An important aside for American historians is that the émigré scholars came to the United States as members of the elite Russian intelligentsia. They displayed little sympathy for the Russian common people (the muzhik), and they considered scholarship and culture in the United States to be underdeveloped and inferior to what existed in Europe and Russia. Although the émigrés could find Russian communities and neighborhoods in the United States, these were not intelligentsia enclaves but rather home to people from all classes and [End Page 661] occupations. The...

Long-term evaluation of a train-the-trainer workshop for pharmacy faculty using the RE-AIM framework.

Although two thirds of tobacco users express interest in quitting, few pharmacists address tobacco use as part of routine practice. Historically, pharmacy schools provided inadequate tobacco cessation training for students. To address this educational gap, train-the-trainer workshops were conducted between 2003 and 2005 to train pharmacy faculty (n=191) to teach a shared, national tobacco cessation curriculum at their academic institutions. To characterize faculty perceptions of the train-the-trainer workshops and estimate the long-term reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) of the shared curriculum at pharmacy schools. This study is the second phase of a sequential mixed methods study. Results from Phase 1, a qualitative study, informed the development of survey items for Phase 2. Applying the RE-AIM framework, a web-based survey was developed and administered to train-the-trainer participants. Of 191 trainees, 137 were locatable; of these, 111 completed a survey (81.0%). Most (n=87; 78.4%) reported current employment in academia. The most highly rated reason for attending a workshop was to improve teaching of tobacco cessation content, and 98.1% reported moderate or high confidence for teaching tobacco cessation. Among those who practice in a clinical setting, 70.6% reported asking their patients about tobacco use all or almost all the time. Just over three fourths of faculty respondents who work in academia believe that shared curricula should be more broadly considered for use in pharmacy schools, and 79.0% agreed that shared curricula are a cost-effective approach to teaching. Evidence is provided for long-term reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of the Rx for Change shared tobacco cessation training program. Participants perceived that the workshop resulted in long-term, positive effects on their careers as well as their teaching and clinical practice.

You can't always get what you want! Desired and undesired impacts of a new career development policy

ABSTRACT Market rationality, neoliberal approaches and ever-increasing productivity objectives are widespread in higher education discourse and practice. Academic employment has become more uncertain as scholars are more commonly employed on non-tenured, fixed-term contracts. Research shows the resulting detrimental impact on staff well-being and health, which has led some universities to engage in policy initiatives aimed to counter the unwanted effects. Departing from an institutional logic perspective, this contribution investigates the new career policy for contractual scientific staff of a Flemish university. Effective since 2019, it mandates the switch to contracts of indefinite duration and supplementary pension rights for specific contractual scientific staff categories. An in-depth analysis of its implementation unveils its potential (un)intended ramifications – e.g., the perpetuation of employees’ job uncertainty, avoidance strategies, increasing detrimental pressures on research managers, tensions among research groups’ members, and changes in the recruitment process criteria.

Mr Administration of Science Programme in Nigerian Higher Institutions: Issues, challenges and Way Forwards

The article discussed the challenges facing the administration of science program in higher institutions in Nigeria. Secondary data was used to support the points raised in the article. The secondary data were sourced from print material and online publication by recognized institutions and individual author. There are many challenges facing the administration science programme in Nigerian higher institutions. Some of the challenges include; inadequate funding, inadequate lecturers, inadequate infrastructural facilities, brain-drain and strike actions. To solve this challenges, this article recommends the following: government should increase the funding of science programme in higher institutions, provide adequate infrastructural facilities, ensure stable academic programme employment of more science lecturers and motivation of lecturers to prevent brain-drain.