Empirical Research Methods Research Articles

Using Digital Game-Based Learning in Mathematics Education: A Case Study with Teacher Training Students

Using game-based learning (GBL) and digital game-based learning (DGBL) as a teaching and learning environment can be a pedagogical resource and a good strategy in the classroom to support mathematical learning (Santos et al.,2023). Even though primary school teachers are demonstrating strong preferences for using non-digital games instead of digital games to support mathematics instruction, much of the research review literature has focused on learning outcomes associated with digital mathematical games (Russo et al., 2024). In this paper, I conduct a quasi-experiment using an empirical action research method and the same logical problem-solving environment–game-based or digital game-based learning–that I designed and used with two groups of pre-service teacher university students. I tested three digital games with their non-digital equivalent and observed the problem solvers primarily from a qualitative point of view. Most of the participants enjoyed working with both physical cards and digital games, which effectively engaged students in solving the tasks. My findings suggest that students found the task-solving enjoyable in both types of game-based learning and that solving tasks non-digitally with cards could be more flexible for the problem solvers.

Problematika Hukum Kewenangan Pejabat Pengawas Lingkungan Hidup Dalam Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Di Bidang Pertambangan

Mining activities are closely related to society and the environment because every mining business must maintain the continuity of the carrying capacity and capacity of the environment. Environmental supervisory officials are obliged to supervise compliance with the person responsible for business and/or activities carried out based on statutory regulations in the field of environmental protection and management. This research aims to determine the authority of environmental supervisory officials in enforcing environmental law in the mining sector. This research uses normative research methods with a statutory approach, conceptual approach and case approach. Apart from that, empirical research methods are also used so that we can get results regarding the authority of environmental supervisory officials in enforcing laws in the mining sector. The process of enforcing environmental law in the mining sector must be implemented from the stage of the process of fulfilling environmental permits and AMDAL studies, then planning, implementation and supervision, both at the exploration, production and post-mining stages. Enforcement of environmental law carried out by environmental supervisory officials in the mining sector signals to business actors to address the recovery of the social and economic environment as a result of a mining business activity located in the local government area. Environmental supervisory officials in law enforcement in the mining sector must carry out their duties and obligations in accordance with applicable laws.

Research on Music Teaching Systems Assisted by Artificial Intelligence

In music teaching, the application of artificial intelligence has brought revolutionary changes to teaching and greatly improved the teaching quality and learning effect. The purpose of this study is to explore the application and effectiveness of artificial intelligence in auxiliary music teaching system. With the rapid development of information technology, the application of artificial intelligence in the field of education is more and more extensive, especially in the field of music teaching, and its potential and value are gradually emerging. In this study, by constructing a music teaching system based on artificial intelligence, the influence of learners on music cognition, skill mastery and innovation ability was deeply studied. In terms of research methods, this study uses empirical research methods, combined with questionnaires, teaching experiments, data analysis and other means to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-assisted music teaching system.

Коммуникативно-речевое развитие старших дошкольников с неродным русским языком в условиях русскоязычной среды детского сада

The purpose of the study is to develop and implement the content of correctional and developmental activities for the communicative and speech development of senior preschool children with a non-native Russian language in the Russian-speaking environment of a preschool educational organization. The article examines the problems of child bilingualism from the point of view of pedagogy, sociolinguistics, and speech therapy. The paper presents theoretical (analysis, generalization and systematization of approaches to determining the communicative and speech skills of senior preschoolers with a non-native Russian language) and empirical (non-included observation, diagnostic situations, conversation, quantitative and qualitative processing of research results) research methods. The results of the diagnosis of the communicative and speech skills of senior preschoolers with a non-native Russian language allowed the author to identify the dominance of a low level. The scientific novelty of this study is that it adds to our understanding of how children learn languages. It explains how to assess the communication and language skills of older preschoolers who speak a language other than Russian as their first language. It also suggests methods for helping these children improve their communication skills by immersing them in a Russian-speaking environment, practicing conversations in Russian in typical situations, and playing language games. The effectiveness of these methods is shown by the positive results of the control experiment.

The Impact of Implementing Premarital Health Test Certificate Requirements on Unregistered Marriage Practices

This research aims to understand the impact of implementing premarital health test certificate requirements on unregistered marriage practices in Ujung Batu III Village. This study combines normative and empirical research methods. Subsequently, the collected data were analyzed qualitatively to describe the problem and address the research purposes. The results show that implementing premarital health test certificate requirements in Ujung Batu III Village has a complex impact on unregistered marriage practices. Although this policy aims to raise awareness about the importance of reproductive health and prevent early marriage, it has become an obstacle for some prospective couples who choose unregistered marriage. This is due to several factors, such as a lack of understanding about the importance of health tests, concerns about privacy and social stigma, conflicts between state law and religious law, and the prevalence of early marriage. Therefore, it is recommended that the Religious Affairs Office of Hutaraja Tinggi Sub-district intensify outreach and education about the importance of premarital health tests and their implications, especially for couples potentially engaging in unregistered marriage. The Ujung Batu III Village Government needs to strengthen coordination with the Religious Affairs Office and health institutions and involve community and religious leaders in disseminating the policy and providing guidance to prospective couples. Health institutions must improve the accessibility and quality of premarital health test services, including expanding the scope of examinations and providing comprehensive counseling. Community and religious leaders should play an active role in educating the public about the importance of healthy and registered marriages and help eliminate the stigma associated with health tests and early marriage. The community needs to proactively seek information about reproductive health, understand the importance of premarital health tests, and support government efforts in preventing early marriage and unregistered marriages.

Criminal Law Enforcement Against Perpetrators of Sexual Intercourse with Biological Children

Criminal law enforcement is important in dealing with cases of incestuous sexual relations involving children, aiming to uphold justice and protect victims from harm. The main objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of law enforcement in the jurisdiction of Tabanan Police in handling cases. Using empirical research methods, this study analyzes legal principles such as the rule of law, legislation theory, legal protection, legal responsibility, and legal effectiveness. This research focuses on a specific case documented in Police Report No. LP-B/35/VII/2020/B: LP-B/35/VII/2020/Bali/Res Tbn, in which the perpetrator, MSP, was charged with violating Article 81(3) of the Child Protection Law, in conjunction with Article 64(1) of the Criminal Code, or alternative provisions under the law. The results showed that there are significant challenges hindering effective law enforcement, particularly the lack of qualified law enforcement officers compared to the number of cases, which hinders optimal case handling in the jurisdiction of Tabanan District Police. This research argues that effective law enforcement is essential not only to sanction perpetrators but also to ensure justice and protect child victims from violence and crime. The implications of this study underscore the need for increased competence among law enforcement officials to effectively handle such sensitive cases. By bridging the gap between legal provisions and law enforcement, this research advocates for systemic improvements to strengthen the law enforcement framework in combating the crime of incest against children.

Implementation of Policies in Career Development of PNS in West Sumbawa District, West Nusa Tenggara Province Based on Law Number 5 of 2014

This research aims to analyze policy implementation in career development for civil servants in West Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Based on Law Number 5 of 2014, the research method used is an empirical research method with a statutory study approach and a conceptual and sociological approach. The data analysis used is the method of statutory interpretation and authentic interpretation, as well as field data. The results of this research are expected. The specific target to be achieved is the protection of the rights of civil servants in career development so that they become independent and professional civil servants and free from the influence of political interests. As mandated in Law Number 5 of 2014, civil servants must be neutral. Supervision carried out by the State Civil Apparatus Commission (KASN) is carried out continuously in stages. Therefore, KASN must be present in every provincial capital to reduce injustice towards ASN in districts/cities.

Enhancing competitive advantage through digital innovation and organisational culture in the logistics sector

Introduction: The modern logistics sector is rapidly changing under the influence of digital technologies. The use of innovative digital technologies can significantly increase efficiency, reduce costs and improve customer service. Objectives: Formation of a comprehensive theoretical approach to the impact of innovation transfer and organizational culture on improving logistics processes and achieving sustainable competitive advantages in the context of digital transformation. Methods: Empirical research methods include analysis and synthesis, SWOT analysis, grouping method, abstraction, and generalisation. Results: The study analyses the impact of digital transformation on logistics processes, examines the main trends and technologies that promote the digital transformation of logistics chains, assesses the impact on the efficiency and productivity of logistics processes, determines the significance of innovation in developing logistics strategies and enhancing companies' competitiveness, and outlines the factors that contribute to innovative activity in logistics companies. The influence of technological changes on digital competitiveness is substantiated based on the IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking indicators for 2023. Countries worldwide are grouped according to their level of digital competitiveness, the impact of education, the implementation of innovations, and their readiness for transformational changes. The impact of innovation transfer on the competitive advantages of the logistics company Amazon is studied. Critical aspects of the organisational culture of digital transformation in modern conditions are outlined. A SWOT analysis of digital transformation in the logistics business is presented using the example of "Nova Poshta." Opportunities and threats to logistics entrepreneurship regarding competitive advantages in digital transformation are identified. Conclusions: The main directions of digital transformation for a logistics company are highlighted.

Pertanggungjawaban Pidana bagi Pelaku Pencemaran Lingkungan Perspektif Fikih Jinayah

This study aims to identify and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the criminal liability system in environmental law and evaluate how Islamic jurisprudence can offer alternative or additional solutions to address environmental pollution problems. This study uses an empirical legal research method with qualitative procedures. The results of the study indicate that the act is considered to violate Islamic jurisprudence and environmental regulations in Indonesia, as shown in the findings. However, law enforcement still has obstacles related to evidence collection and time constraints that must be overcome in order to effectively pursue individuals or groups responsible for environmental damage. Therefore, to ensure environmental sustainability, it is important for the government to actively participate, for law enforcement to achieve effectiveness, and for business entities and the community to be aware of their obligations and be responsible for their behavior.

Pemanfaatan Barang Jaminan Hutang Benda Bergerak Tanpa Kesepakatan Bersama Menurut Imam Syafi’i: Studi Kasus Kecamatan Medan Deli, Kelurahan Tanjung Mulia Hilir, Kota Medan

The use of pawn guarantees in Shafi'i's view is strictly prohibited because it is easily exposed to the potential of riba fadhilah in it. However, what happened in Tanjung Mulia Hilir Village was not the case, this is because the pawn owner used the item even to make a profit. This journal discusses how the rules for the implementation and utilization of pawns according to Imam Syafi'i, the practice of implementing pawns in Tanjung Mulia Hilir Village and the analysis of the illegality of using pawn goods used as collateral according to Imam Shafi'i. The research method in this journal uses empirical research methods and also by using interviews as research instruments. The results of the study proved that the implementation and utilization of pawn collateral according to Imam Shafi'i was not allowed even though it was located and there was an agreement between the two parties.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Menghambat Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Pengguna Barang Thrift Fasion dipasar Andalas Kota Gorontalo

This research aims to find out about the phenomenon of legal protection for consumers using thrift fashion goods in the Andalas market, Gorontalo City and the factors that hinder consumer protection for users of thrift fashion goods in the Andalas market, Gorontalo City. This research uses empirical legal research methods which are carried out by collecting data through observation and interviews. The results of this research indicate that Consumer Protection is regulated in Law no. 8 of 1999 which is a replacement for Law no. 3 of 1989 concerning Telecommunications. The consumer protection law itself regulates the rights and obligations of consumers, including producers, who act to meet consumer needs and ensure the realization of legal protection for the benefit of others. In essence, consumer protection is the consumer's own right, including the activities and movements of the sales industry which are currently being widely discussed and highlighted, especially the buying and selling of imported second-hand clothing, known as thrifting, namely the activity of shopping for used goods such as clothes and other types, whose prices are very high. cheaper, as well as factors that hinder the provision of this protection and make it not work as it should. In the city of Gorontalo itself, there are problems in providing consumer protection for the sale of imported second-hand clothing, namely; strong desire on the part of sellers and buyers, law enforcement is limited to socialization and appeals without confiscation and sanctions, and lack of public awareness.

Legal Culture and Disability Rights in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education: A Review of Practices

This research aims to examine disability rights in relation to Islamic universities in Indonesia, paying attention to the legal culture concerning equal opportunities for disabled people. As a qualitative study with an empirical legal research method, this research will therefore gather information from various sources to examine current practices concerning regulations, facilities, and academic and social support, and disability education in Islamic higher learning institutions. The findings indicate that there is a major disparity between the legislation and the realities on the field. Implementation of strategies is poor, and a number of strategies are even ineffectual. Lack of physical infrastructure, academic accommodations, and training on the disability topics are some of the main challenges regarding full inclusion. Based on the study findings, it is suggested to enhance and expand the existing policies that include all parties and policies based on Islamic values that support equality and social justice. The final section reiterates the call for the reform of institutional culture and the advocacy of continuous public education to achieve cultural change.

Research methods and the use of visual representation in library and information science research

AbstractThe increasing variety of research strategies and data collection techniques in information science, the access to large secondary data sets, and the ubiquity of information visualization call for expanding the classification of research methods and exploring how research is communicated visually. This study examined the relationship between types of data used in empirical research, visualizations, and research methods applied in information science studies. It analyzed 751 research articles published in the Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology (JASIST) using content analysis and machine learning techniques. The study finds that most empirical studies adopted a quantitative design with data mining, bibliometrics, experiments, and surveys as dominant strategies. The substantial use of secondary data points to the shift in how data are collected in empirical research. The JASIST articles used a variety of visualizations to present research designs and findings, with quantitative and mixed methods studies employing primarily tables and charts and qualitative studies relying more on tables and diagrams. This study uniquely explores the relationship between research methods and visualization. It contributes to the classification of the methods in information science by expanding the range of strategies within the quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods designs.

Woman and Human Rights in Nigeria: A Study of Delta State

The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 chose certain rights to protect under chapter IV and termed them as Fundamental Rights. These rights protected not only by the Constitution, but also by the African Charter on Human and Peoples Right. Whenever there are breaches of these fundamental rights, the law provides a procedure for their enforcement, which is the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009. The basic objective of the 2009 Rules is to facilitate enforcement procedure by removing some of the impediments in 1979 rule. Unfortunately, it is clear that the procedure for enforcement of Fundamental Rights is still bedeviled by delay. Many applications alleging serious human rights violations are routinely struck out or dismissed. However, the pertinent question is: to what extent are the human rights provision in these legal instruments realized or enforced as it relates to the women folk? It is worthy of note that there are equally other important impediments in the realization of the objective of Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009, such as the distinction between main claim and ancillary claim in the Nigerian fundamental rights, because litigants are cautious of whether or not their will succeed because of this distinction. This research examines Women and Human Rights in Nigeria. This research made an in depth analysis of the rules and considered to what extent it achieved its objective in order to enhance a robust human right regime as it relates to the women folk. To achieve a close -to- accurate" if not accurate result, the research embarked on a field work. To this end, empirical method of research is used. This research found out that the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009, though has brought tremendous changes in the field of human rights protection (e.g the abolishment of locus standi and leave, is still faced with some major setback like the issue of principal and ancillary claim in the enforcement of fundamental rights and the jurisdiction of the National Industrial Court which is not clear in the rule. The work recommend that Courts should do away with the dichotomy between principal and ancillary and the definition of courts in the Rule should include the National Industrial Court.

Возможности метода фокус-групп в процессе подготовки специалистов в сфере социальной работы

The main advantages and disadvantages of the focus group method as a qualitative method of em-pirical research are revealed. The main directions of application of the focus group method are de-fined - the effectiveness of general and private social work technologies, changes in the main char-acteristics of objects and subjects of social work, the development of new forms, technologies, di-rections of social work, the implementation of social work in the non–commercial sector. It is con-cluded that the focus group method is actively used in such areas of social work as education, healthcare, and social protection, and the ability to apply it in practice reflects a high level of train-ing of specialists and a deep understanding of the interdisciplinary connections between sociology and social work.

Normativity of Consumer Protection in the Perspective of Maqāṣid Sharīʿah

Personal data security is the right of every person to protect their personal data confidentially. This research discusses regulations for consumer protection, personal data protection, and their implementation from the perspective of the maqāṣid sharīʿah. The aim of this research is to determine the extent to which laws related to consumer data protection have been implemented to prevent leaks in the personal data of WhatsApp application users. This study used a qualitative approach with normative empirical research methods. Normative research examines Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection, while empirical research examines the implementation of these regulations. Researchers draw the conclusion that regulations related to the protection of consumers' personal data and their implementation fall within the concept of maqāṣid sharīʿah, especially the basic principle of maintaining one's honor (ḥifẓ al-ʿirḍ) because these regulations were made to protect one's privacy.

Shareholder heterogeneity, financing constraints, and organizational resilience: Mixed-ownership reform in Chinese private enterprises

Private enterprise development encounters numerous challenges. China encourages state-owned enterprises to acquire equity stakes in private enterprises, thereby facilitating development of private enterprises through reverse mixed-ownership reform. To test the effectiveness of this approach, we focus on the impact of state-owned equity on the organizational resilience of private enterprises. Using empirical research methods and data from A-share listed Chinese companies from 2009 to 2022, we find that reverse mixed-ownership reform is significantly and positively correlated with the organizational resilience of private enterprises. Further analysis reveals that involvement of shareholders from state-owned enterprises can bolster the organizational resilience of private enterprises by mitigating their financing constraints. This paper extends the research on the mechanism by which a heterogeneous ownership structure can impact the organizational resilience of private enterprises and offers insights for private enterprises on how to bolster their organizational resilience through mixed-ownership reform.

Судебный представитель в механизме реализации права граждан на квалифицированную юридическую помощь

In this work, the analysis of the current regulations of the institute of representation in civil and administrative proceedings of the Russian Federation is carried out; the image of a judicial representative as a person directly involved in the mechanism of realization of the right of citizens to qualified legal assistance is given; the concept of a judicial representative is revealed. The main purpose of the article is to disclose, summarize and present the main aspects of the current institution of representationin civil and administrative proceedings in order to give a new concept of a judicial representative in civil and administrative proceedings. The presented article uses general (theoretical, universal), as well as specific (empirical and practical) research methods such as analysis, synthesis, generalization, analogy, classification, deduction and induction, and the comparative method. The analysis of the institution of representation in administrative proceedings is carried out, its main aspects are disclosed, and a new concept of judicial representative in civil and administrative proceedings is given. Thus, a representative in civil and administrative proceedings is a person who meets legislative requirements and, for the period of the powers entrusted to him by the principal, performs actions available by law in the framework of legal proceedings in the interests of the principal aimed at providing qualified legal assistance and, accordingly, achieving the final result agreed with the principal.

Conserving Continuously Evolving Cultural Landscapes of Vernacular Settlements: Insights from the Village Nirmand, Himachal Pradesh, India

Hill settlements have emerged and evolved respecting the given condition of Nature. The elements of the settlement pattern reflect the tenets responding to the socio-cultural-geographical context. The scientific and technological adaptations, innovations, and creations address culture-specific physical and psychological needs. The historical hill settlement of village Nirmand in Himachal Pradesh, India exhibits components of its origin and evolution. The settlement pattern, neighbourhood clusters, and house forms of the village are filled with religious significance, sensitivity towards local materials, technology, climateresponsive solutions, and architectural details. The living indigenous settlements have sustained and evolved over many years. However, with rapid urbanisation and changes in living patterns, the settlement is losing its value. The paper investigates ways to retain the authenticity and integrity associated with indigenous living hill settlements against the changing dynamics. This research employs the empirical research method. Before the field visit, secondary data collection was conducted to establish historical background. The fieldwork has been conducted periodically to understand patterns of change in the settlement. The research method involves an ethnographic approach to decipher the socio-cultural attributes of the community. During the field visit, the documentation of architectural components, mapping of neighbourhoods, community interaction, stakeholders' consultation, and visual documentation were conducted. The collected data has been analysed further to synthesise findings. Findings indicate that the patterns of change have accelerated due to urbanisation. The expansion of the settlement away from its centre, and the increase in the use of modern materials and construction techniques are threatening the authenticity of the settlement. The research concludes that the dynamics of issues both, natural and man-made are threatening the values associated with the settlement. Unless urgent actions with sensitivity toward Nature, culture, and community are undertaken, the settlement might lose its integrity.

Language Teaching Optimization: Enhancing the Distinction Between /i:/ and // for Second Language Learners

One of the biggest challenges encountered by second language learners is to accurately differentiate between the two vowels in English: /i:/ and //, which play an important role in everyday communication and are crucial for clear transmission of information and effective communication due to their high functional load (FL). Therefore, the paper aims to gain a more profound understanding of the difficulties learners encounter in distinguishing these vowels, with the hope of providing them with more effective learning strategies and methods. In this paper, seven English majors and seven non-English majors were selected as the study participants using an empirical research method, and audio data on the participants' pronunciation of words containing /i:/ and // were collected using a recording device and analyzed using Praat. The results indicates that both groups frequently lacked an understanding of the distinctive pronunciation characteristics of these vowels, which resulted in instances of pronunciation confusion or inaccuracy. Moreover, it proposes suggestions for enhancing teaching strategies: the integration of audio and visual teaching resources and the implementation of targeted pronunciation exercises can facilitate the acquisition of English pronunciation, thereby enhancing the accuracy and fluency of their spoken English and their performance in English communication.