Empirical Research Methods Research Articles

Implementation Results of the "Qazaq tili" Web-textbook with Latin Script

Relevance. The research relevance is predefined by the need to identify the most effective methodology for teaching the Kazakh language in the Latin script. Purpose. The research aims to evaluate the results of "Qazaq tili" web-textbook usage, identify the problems of Kazakh language transition from Cyrillic to Latin alphabet and analyse how Latin script can influence Kazakh language development from the cultural and historical point of view. Methodology. Empirical and theoretical research methods were used in this research paper, including a questionnaire survey of respondents, classification, comparative analysis, system analysis, logical analysis, synthesis, and deduction. Results. The study presents the current state of the Kazakh language, revealing results from a non-anonymous survey of students on their knowledge of the Kazakh language and the difficulties they encountered. An anonymous survey assessed the ease of navigating the "Qazaq tili" textbook, support for the transition to the Latin alphabet, and the need for more resources to effectively learn the Kazakh language. The analysis included website metrics such as views, visitors, statistics, abandonment, depth of view, and viewing time, with recommendations for improvement. The surveys and analytics provided insights into the textbook's strengths and weaknesses and areas for future application. Conclusions. The study found that motivational factors and resource availability significantly impact the effectiveness of learning the Kazakh language in Latin script. The "Qazaq tili" web-textbook demonstrated effectiveness in teaching the Kazakh language, though there is a need for greater support and resources to enhance learning outcomes. The research highlights the positive reception of the Latin script among students and underscores the importance of continuous improvement in educational materials to support the Romanization of the Kazakh language. Keywords: Kazakh; higher education; digital learning technologies; public support for transition

Enhancing Fisheries through Regional Regulation: Assessing Port Service Levies at Fish Auctions

In accordance with Gorontalo Province Regional Regulation on Retribution of Fish Auction Place (TPI), the retribution is levied on the use of fish auction place along with facilities and infrastructure provided or organized by Gorontalo Province Regional Government which is called retribution object. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the government's implementation of Gorontalo Province Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2018 concerning Port Service Levies on Fish Auction and to determine the impact and efforts taken in the government's implementation of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2018 concerning Port Service Levies on Fish Auction. The type of research used by researchers is using normative and empirical legal research, which is basically a combination of normative legal approaches with the addition of various empirical elements. In this normative and empirical research method is also about the implementation of normative legal provisions (laws) in action in every certain legal event that occurs in a society. The effectiveness of the implementation of retribution collection shows that port service retribution in Tenda Village, Hulontahlangi Subdistrict is still less effective in retribution collection. There is a discrepancy between what is expected in Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2018 concerning Port Service Levies against Fish Auction Sites. So that the effectiveness of the application of port service levies on service rates at the fish auction site is less effective and efforts in implementing Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2018 concerning Port Service Levies on Fish Auction Sites, which consists of socialization, target achievement, and community participation.

Mesamsam Ceremony for the Validity of Divorce for the Krama of Kubu Traditional Village, Bangli District, Bali-Indonesia

It is human nature as social creatures that every man and woman have the instinct to love each other and need each other in all areas. As a sign that someone has entered this period, it begins with the marriage process. Marriage is a sacred event and obligation for Hindus because God has said in Manava Dharmasastra IX.96 as follows: To be a mother, women were created and to be fathers, men were created. Religious ceremonies are prescribed in the Vedas to be performed by husband and wife. Such is the importance of marriage that it can only take place after various requirements specified in State law (Law No. 16 of 2019) concerning marriage according to national law and customary law (in this case Balinese customary law), are fulfilled by a series of ceremonies for both candidates. Bride and groom with the intention that the marriage can run smoothly and last forever as a husband and wife couple. However, it cannot be denied that in marriage conflicts can arise resulting in divorce between the two parties, which of course is carried out through the district court process so that a divorce certificate will be issued. Especially in Bali, namely in Kubu Bangli Village, you cannot accept only court decisions, but there are also decisions from traditional villages, namely by carrying out the Mesamsam Ceremony to legalize the divorce. So the problem formulation emerged as to what the divorce procedure is for village manners in the Kubu Bangli Traditional Village and how legal divorce is for village manners in the Kubu Bangli Traditional Village. The method used in this research is an empirical legal research method by looking at the facts that occur in the field by synchronizing the application of positive law and customary law.

FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF LABOR EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY BY MEANS OF UPCYCLING TECHNOLOGY

The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of professional competences of future teachers of labor education and technology by means of upcycling technology in the process of designing eco-bags. The project activity is aimed at the development of critical thinking, reflects the pedagogical process as a system based on the theory of universal human values, humanization, a person-oriented approach, the priority of subject-subject relations, and is effective in shaping the personality of future teachers. The main features of the process of designing eco-bags using upcycling technology are determined - interdisciplinary, communicative and dynamism through the use of information services of social networks, environmental friendliness under the conditions of recycling of secondary raw materials; creative project and practical activity. The working hypothesis was accepted that the professional competences and creative abilities of the future teacher of labor education and technology are formed under certain conditions of project activity on upcycling: structuring of the project and stages of project activity; definition of educational and educational goals and tasks; implementation of an integrated program of technological activity; development of a criterion basis for determining the levels of educational achievements of education seekers for the implementation of eco-bag projects; development of information-subject and materialtechnical support of the educational process; modeling of systems of interdisciplinary connections of technologies with natural, mathematical and graphic knowledge; cooperation of teachers of subjects of general and professional training cycles regarding the content, organization of training, improvement of educational and methodological and software training of technologies of processing of secondary raw materials. In the study of the problem, methods of theoretical and empirical research were used: analysis and synthesis to clarify the main concepts and categories of professional training of future teachers of labor education and technology; study of psychological-pedagogical and scientific-methodological literature and advanced pedagogical experience on the problems of learning technologies in institutions of higher education; distinguishing regularities and formulating conclusions from the investigated problem. A three-stage pedagogical experiment was conducted at Mykhailo Kotsyubynskyi State Pedagogical University of Vinnytsia (Ukraine) (2020-2023): ascertaining experiment - a preliminary slice of knowledge (levels of formed professional competences of future teachers were determined); a formative experiment - the organization of teaching the technologies of making eco-bags by the upcycling method with the involvement of information arrays of the Pinterest social network and the formulation of pedagogical conditions of the project activity); control and generalization stage – analysis, processing of research results using statistical methods, formulation of theoretical-experimental conclusions and recommendations.

Понятность языка правосудия: опыт эмпирического исследования содержания и синтаксиса судебных решений

For many years, the primary challenges in the legal sphere regarding language in legal proceedings have been the utilisation of national languages of the republics and foreign access to justice. However, the authors of this paper hypothesise that citizens and organisations of Russian origin often require assistance in translating “legal Russian” to “everyday Russian”. This is due to the continuing syntactic complexity found in court decision language despite widespread attempts to simplify the presentation of information. The authors’ previous research into speech practices of laws and bylaws supports this hypothesis. The authors designed research questions to investigate the hypothesis of changes in the comprehensibility of the language used in court decisions over time. Additionally, they aimed to determine whether such changes depend on the type of courts, the category of cases, or the court instance level. Empirical research methods were used to examine not only whole court decisions but also their elements. Moreover, a representative sample exceeding 15,000 texts was studied. The analysis was conducted at different parts in court decisions including introduction, description, reasoning, and operation. Additional fragments such as facts, citations of legal acts, analysis of evidence, and judge’s conclusions were also studied. The methods of computational linguistics confirmed a consistent increase in the syntactic complexity of court decisions over time. According to the author’s methodology, court decisions are among the most complex legal texts. In essence, legal acts citations contribute to the bulk of these texts, making up the largest proportion (40% on average) in the descriptive and reasoning parts of the decision, compared to other semantic fragments. The research enabled the authors to compile a catalogue of detrimental speech practices used in court decisions, alongside recommendations for their rectification.

Analysis Of The Implementation Of Corporate Social And Environmental Responsibility In Kembang Janggut District East Kalimantan

PT. REA Kaltim Plantations is a large-scale oil palm plantation company in Kembang Janggut District, East Kalimantan. This research aims to analyze the implementation of social and environmental responsibility (TJSL) by companies, with a focus on environmental aspects. The problem formulation in this research is how to implement social and environmental responsibility (TJSL) at PT. REA Kaltim Plantations which is environmentally based and what obstacles the company faces in TJSL at PT. REA Kaltim Plantations in its implementation. This research uses empirical research methods using a qualitative approach. The results of research and discussions show that the company has implemented programs related to TJSL, but the achievements are considered not optimal. Some notes of improvement include, among others, the effectiveness of the program in empowering communities, reporting transparency, and active participation in building local sustainability. Companies also face challenges such as the complexity of community needs and environmental dynamics. The conclusion of this research is that companies need to improve TJSL implementation in order to make a greater contribution to sustainable development and welfare of local communities. Recommendations are given to improve the quality and sustainability of the TJSL program by the company.

Motivational and semantic relations of a person in professional activity

The object of this research is the motivational and semantic relations of the individual. The subject of the research is the motivational and semantic relations of employees with different professional affiliations and specifics of performing functional duties. The purpose of the research is to study the structure of motivational and semantic relations of a person and to identify patterns of influence of professional affiliation and functional duties. The methodological basis for writing the article is the research of domestic and foreign scientists. Theoretical (comparative analysis) and empirical (interview, questionnaire) research methods were used in the study. The orientation of motivational and semantic relations of a person does not depend on the professional affiliation and the specifics of the performance of functional duties. Since the motivational and semantic relations of a person in professional activity are characterized by the presence of motivation based on the personal meaning, which motivates a person to activity and depend on the psychological state of a person who is in certain life circumstances. Motivational and semantic relations of a person are based on motivational and semantic processes that accompany and support a person throughout his or her working life. The aim of the work is to establish the regularities of the influence of professional affiliation and the specifics of functional duties on the motivational and semantic relations of employees to professional activities. In order to increase the efficiency of professional activities and improve the motivation of employees to the heads of organizations, the authors give practical recommendations for improving psychological support in organizations.

EKSISTENSI TIM INTERVENSI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DALAM MEMBERANTAS PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA DI DESA SANGSIT

This research aims to find out how the existence of this community-based intervention team is in dealing with narcotics abuse, both the efforts and the obstacles experienced in eradicating narcotics abuse. This research applies empirical legal research methods with data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. There are data processing techniques that apply qualitative descriptive analysis through the process of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this research conclude that the efforts carried out include pre-emptive and preventive as well as the obstacles experienced. The obstacles experienced when it was first formed were underestimated by the community and were constrained by service locations and funds, access to IBM was very limited to assistance and supervision and family or parents. Relatively many people refuse to have their children rehabilitated.

Hookahs and smoldering hookah coals as an object of forensic fire and technical expertise

The subject of the study is to establish the involvement of smoldering hookah coals in the occurrence of a fire during the production of a forensic fire-technical examination. Currently, there is no universal concretized algorithm for determining the involvement of tobacco smoking devices and hookah coals in the occurrence of a fire for all possible cases of fire. The authors have attempted to combine well-known information about the detection of signs of exposure to combustible materials from a relatively low-power ignition source with the results of experiments and studies of smoldering hookah coals. Two types of hookah coals were selected as objects of research: cubic natural charcoal for hookah, fast-burning cylindrical coal. Cotton fabric, cotton wool, paper, wood (pine), synthetic carpet with fine pile, synthetic carpet with large pile, soft decorative elements with synthetic filling and a pillowcase made of furniture fabric, PVC floor materials (linoleum, PVC tiles), floor panels, lined with polymer films (laminate). In conducting this study, a systematic approach was applied to the analysis of the situation of a fire-related incident, as well as general scientific empirical and theoretical research methods (observation, comparison, description, measurement, analysis and synthesis, etc.) The results of empirical studies confirm the hypothesis of the formation of deep charring zones in places of contact of hookah charcoal with combustible materials (wood, laminated floor coverings). Based on the results of experimental studies, a step-by-step algorithm for constructing versions about the occurrence of a fire from smoldering hookah charcoal is formulated, including focusing the attention of an expert (a person conducting an inspection of the scene of an incident related to a fire) on the need to take into account factors such as the time of the fire and the induction period of ignition, the presence of conditions for heat accumulation, the presence of air exchange, the presence of an air inflow into the smoldering zone, the presence of signs of the dynamics of fire propagation, characteristic of low-power ignition sources. It is noted that the probability of burning from smoldering hookah coal increases in cases where conditions are created for the smoldering process to proceed with minimal heat loss, the possibility of heat accumulation and the presence of an oxidizer (oxygen in the air) in sufficient quantities.

Modern Problems of Void Transactions in the Civil Law of the Russian Federation

The article examines the legal, organizational foundations and a number of topical problems of insignificant transactions in Russian legislation with an indication of the origins of these norms in ancient Roman jurisprudence. The subject of the study is the problems caused by the recognition of transactions as insignificant in modern Russia. The object of the study is the legal provisions of civil law that carry out the legal regulation of void transactions. The purpose of the work is to form proposals that contribute to their leveling by identifying and analyzing the actual problems of the insignificance of transactions. The methods used are dialectical-materialistic, historical, a system of empirical research methods (analogy, modeling) and special methods (formal-logical, system-analytical), etc. The author examines in detail the signs of void transactions, the problems of recognizing the nullity of the transaction; the subject of which is property, with respect to the disposal of which there is an imperative prohibition, restriction. Particular attention is paid to the problems of the insignificance of the part of the transaction. The main conclusions of this study are the following: it is justified to bring into compliance with Article 12 of the Civil Code and the legal position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation (Resolution of the Plenum of June 23, 2015 No. 25) with respect to the method of protecting civil rights ("application of the consequences of the invalidity of an insignificant transaction"); to formulate Article 169 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in a new edition reflecting the concept of "public interest". A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the proposal to specify Article 180 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in terms of indicating exceptions to the general rule of invalidation of part of the transaction. The results of the article can be used in improving civil legislation, in law enforcement, in further scientific research. Conclusions: despite the improvement of the norms of civil law, the massive nature of the recognition of transactions as void indicates significant problems, as insignificant transactions in general, as well as parts of these transactions (in practical and scientific-theoretical contexts), requiring optimal solutions.

Ecosystem services of forests and their economic valuation: Prospects for sustainable development

The relevance of the topic is justified by the diversity of unique natural ecosystem objects in the territories of Kosovo and North Macedonia, where forestry activities are traditional. The aim of the study is to analyse the current state of ecosystem services provided by forests in Kosovo and North Macedonia in the context of their assessment and development prospects. Several general scientific empirical and theoretical research methods were employed, including comparison, generalization, analysis, synthesis, and abstract-logical methods. The article characterizes the current state of forest resource utilization in Kosovo and North Macedonia, highlighting key issues in the management of forest lands, including those hindering the development of ecosystem services. The study justifies indicators of the level of forest resource utilization in Kosovo and North Macedonia, examining the percentage ratio of forest cover indicators in the Western Balkan countries. The relationship between land areas of different categories and purposes in Kosovo is analysed, along with the designation of protected areas within forested areas in North Macedonia. The necessity of conducting an economic assessment of specific ecosystem services provided by forests is justified. Six methods used in the economic valuation of natural goods resulting from forest resource utilization are detailed, deemed most suitable for the Western Balkan countries. A comprehensive list of the most relevant functions of forests requiring economic assessment is compiled. Throughout the justification of all stages of the work, specific ecosystem services provided by forests that may gain greater importance in the future are identified. The practical significance of the study lies in forming the fundamental methodological aspects that can be utilized in the assessment of ecosystem services provided by forests

The role of managerial competencies in fostering collaboration between higher education institutions and local communities

Relevance. The relevance of the scientific work lies in the need to study the competencies of the heads of higher education institutions and territorial communities in Ukraine and the results of their relationships. Purpose. The purpose of this research work is to identify the key competencies of senior officials of higher education institutions of Ukraine in 2023 and the results of their influence on the development of cooperation between higher education institutions and territorial communities. Methodology. Theoretical and empirical research methods were used in the scientific work, namely description, analysis, systematization, generalization, the survey of employees of the structure of education and territorial community in the city of Poltava, as well as interviews. Results. As a result of the scientific research, the necessary competencies of the manager were identified, which are a prerequisite for effective management of higher education institutions and territorial communities in Ukraine by the beginning of 2023. Also, the main characteristics of the leader’s personality and their influence on the establishment of interaction between territorial communities and institutions of higher education were determined in the research work. The main competencies of managers and necessary personal qualities are structured in this work. Conclusions. The position of employees of the Taras Shevchenko Luhansk National University and members of the Poltava City Council, as representatives of the territorial community of the city of Poltava, was studied, with the help of a survey, regarding the presence of the necessary managerial competencies and personal qualities of the managers of the above-mentioned structures and their influence on the interaction between the structures. The results of research work can be used by scientists and researchers for further study of the main competencies of heads of higher education institutions and territorial communities in Ukraine.

Diagnostics of moral education of younger schoolchildren

Relevance. The relevance of the stated subject of the study is determined by the importance of moral education of elementary school students as the basis for the harmonious development of the younger generation and the need for its qualitative diagnosis.Purpose. The purpose of this study is to diagnose the moral education of elementary school students, identify the level of moral education in students, and determine ways to improve the moral education of younger schoolchildren.Methodology. The basis of the methodological approach in this study is a combination of various theoretical and empirical research methods. In particular, analysis, synthesis, interpretation, generalisation, and abstraction were used to determine theoretical approaches to explaining the concepts of moral education and moral education, their structural components and main features in primary school age, diagnostic research methods, including questionnaires, interviewing, and testing, were used to assess the level of formation of moral education in students, complex research methods, especially pedagogical experiment, were conducted to diagnose the moral education of younger schoolchildren.Results. The substantiation of the key features of moral education in primary school age, its diagnosis, and identification of the main ways to improve the moral education of primary school students can be considered the main results obtained within the framework of this study.Conclusions. The results of this study and the conclusions formulated on their basis are of practical value for educators, teachers, methodologists, and other specialists who deal with the problems of upbringing, education, and development of the younger generation.

The relationship between learning orientation, firm performance and market dynamism in MSMEs operating in technology parks in Poland: an empirical analysis

PurposeThe authors analyzed the relationship between learning orientation (LO) and performance in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) by investigating the moderating role of environmental dynamism to answer the need for systematic research of models between LO and firm performance (FP).Design/methodology/approachThe authors investigated the (in)direct relationship between LO and FP. The authors collected data from 182 MSMEs operating in technology parks (TPs) in Poland. The authors used two methods in the quantitative empirical research. The authors used linear regression models to test the hypotheses, which allowed for a global assessment of relationships among all analyzed variables. Dynamic capabilities (DCs) framework guided the study.FindingsThe study results show that FP benefits from LO-related behaviors. LO is an important stimulant of FP. Meanwhile, the authors did not classify market dynamism (MD) as a moderator of the LO-FP relationship.Research limitations/implicationsBy design, the authors surveyed only MSMEs open to participate in the survey, which potentially limits generalizability. Furthermore, future researchers may consider other types of strategic orientations (SOs) to further explain the impact of multiple SOs on FP in specific industries.Originality/valueThis article presents arguments that allow for recognizing LO as a strategic organizational factor shaping FP.

The Problem of Developing Coping Strategies to Overcome Difficult Life Situations at Student Age

The formation of constructive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations plays a vital role in choosing the type of behavior, allowing students to successfully overcome traumatic and stressful situations, both during their studies and in their future professional activities. Higher education contributes to the development of professionally significant psychological and personal characteristics. In this aspect, we can talk about the development of selforganization, motivation, creative thinking, adaptability and emotional intelligence, mental and behavioral patterns that help people effectively cope with the difficulties and challenges of everyday life. These qualities play an important role in a graduate’s successful career and personal growth.The problem of overcoming behavior as a unique way of interaction of an individual with difficult life situations began to be considered around the 1950s.The term «coping» was coined by Abraham Maslow and comes from the English word «tocope», which means «to cope» or «to overcome». In Russian scientific literature it is often translated as «overcoming behavior» or «psychological overcoming».The purpose of this article is to study the characteristics of students mastering the skills of constructive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations. The paper examines the features of the formation of constructive strategies for overcoming difficult life situations among students.The use of bibliometric analysis and experimental analysis in this work allowed us to obtain comprehensive and reliable data that can be used for a deeper understanding of the problem under study. Thanks to the conducted psychological experiment, the leading skills of constructive strategies that help overcome difficult life situations at student age were studied.The methods of our psychological research were theoretical analysis of literature relevant to the topic of research; empirical research methods: the method of psychodiagnostics of coping mechanisms by E. Heim, the method of «Identification of mental and physical discomfort» (according to V.N. Ponikarova), the method of «Coping behavior in stressful situations CISS» (D.S. Norman. F. Endler, D.A. James, M.I. Parker; adapted version by T.A. Kryukova); observation and interview methods; methods of quantitative and qualitative data processing.In this study, a variety of methods were used to process the results, including quantitative, qualitative and mathematical approaches.

STATE REGULATION OF RAILWAY FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and practical recommendations on improving the use of the development potential of the railway sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan, studying regulatory measures by the country and determining their development prospects.The methodology of this article was theoretical and empirical research methods: analysis of the state of the country's railway complex, its problems and ways to solve them, as well as the study of the railway transportation process and its regulation. Analysis of literature on the research problem, comparison and systematization of empirical and theoretical data, systemic approach to the studied problems of the article, method of qualitative comparison, statistical method.Originality/value of the research: Railway transport is one of the basic sectors of the economy of Kazakhstan, providing its internal and external transport and economic relations, and the transportation needs of the population, therefore it is important to improve the development strategy of the country's railway transport at the Government level. The state will be able to optimize the railway transport sector by obtaining useful information as a result of this article.Conclusion: In order to successfully develop the railway transport market in Kazakhstan, the state must play a more active role as a strategic consultant, which will take on issues of long-term planning, forecasting, analysis and preparation of recommendations to market participants. In this regard, we believe that Kazakhstan needs a separate program for the development of railway transport.

Revitalization of Tin Towards Control (Domination) of Tin as a Strategic Commodity

Tin, as one of the valuable metals in the modern industrial world, has played a crucial role in encouraging innovation and economic growth. Tin's extensive uses have made it an irreplaceable strategic commodity in maintaining a country's economic stability. This research will discuss how economic development can be done through the revitalization of tin to achieve control (domination) of tin as a strategic commodity. This research uses empirical research methods with a qualitative approach, sourced from primary and secondary data and data collection techniques using Library Research. This analysis will focus on opportunities and obstacles in tin revitalization

Comparison of Eddy Rumpoko's Leadership for Business Actors and Activists (Study in City Communities in 2023)

The purpose of this research is to determine the comparison of Eddy Rumpoko's leadership towards the people of Batu City. This research uses empirical research methods with a qualitative descriptive approach. Primary data was collected through field data sources, while secondary data was obtained from books and statutory regulations. This research will use data collection techniques through observation and in-depth interviews. The research results show that business people consider that Eddy Rumpoko contributed to increasing business income during and after his reign. This is proven by the increase in residents' finances up to 3x and the massive growth in hotel rooms from around 6000 rooms to 8000 hotel rooms in Batu City. Business people gain financial prosperity with Eddy Rumpoko's leadership. However, Walhi activists consider that Eddy Rumpoko is accused of a corruption case which makes him a bad Regional Head of Batu City with around 46.8 billion in his leadership. Apart from the issue of corruption, there are environmental conflicts suffered by the people of Batu City, namely the conflict between The Rajya Hotel and Jatim Park 3 Batu City.

SIGN LANGUAGE OF THE DEAF PEOPLE: A STUDY ON PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING

Today, when various regulatory documents support sign language research, there is a lack of both teaching materials and research on deaf sign language and public understanding. The study aims to determine the public’s proficiency or competence in the Latvian sign language. The research revealed people’s basic knowledge of Latvian sign language grammar, their ability to communicate and understand deaf people, their attitudes and opinions about the process, and the necessity of learning sign language. Information was studied in four blocks of questions: society’s attitude towards deaf sign language, society’s knowledge of deaf sign language, communication skills with a deaf person, and opinion on the development of deaf sign language and its necessity. The sample of the study is 500 respondents, who represent the opinion of the population between the ages of 16 and 60, observing the socio-demographic parameters of the target group of the study. An empirical research method was used in the study; to collect data, an electronic survey was conducted. In general, the study confirms that society shows a positive attitude towards Latvian sign language as a means of communication for deaf people. At the same time, the data reveal poor knowledge of sign language and its grammar. It was concluded that not only sociological research is needed on public perceptions of deaf sign language, but also various educational events for the rest of society should be promoted, including seminars, courses, and conferences.

THE IMPACT OF RECESS BREAKS IN THE LEARNING PROCESS ON PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ CONCENTRATION SKILLS

Nowadays one of the major problems in education is the lack of a specific strategy for the implementation of breaks (recess policy) in an educational institution. The development of such a strategy in the majority of cases is different for every school, as evaluating several factors is required, e.g., the age of students, interests, learning needs and progress, the location and specialization of the school, etc. However, students` awareness of the necessity for individual recess strategy gains importance as well. The research aim is to investigate and clarify the possibilities and necessity of recess breaks in primary school. There are theoretical research methods and empirical research methods (students’, teachers’ and parents’ surveys), data processing and analysis methods (quantitative, graphical representation of data, data analysis using IBM SPSS v.22 predictive analytics and statistical analysis software package) used in the research. The analysis of students’ survey emphasized that students more often prefer listening to music or socializing during breaks. While parents’ questionnaire highlighted the necessity for their offsprings to spend more time outside in fresh air. They mean it would help their children to better concentrate in lessons. While teachers` survey analysis revealed that students concentration is better if students are more interested in a particular subject.