Emotions Of Human Beings Research Articles

An evaluation of intelligent and immersive digital applications in eliciting cognitive states in humans through the utilization of Emotiv Insight

The amalgamation of Virtual Reality (VR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) results in the development of many promising applications that are helpful for society in many aspects. This research was done to study the effect of immersive and non-immersive applications on user's psychological parameters. In this paper, an intelligent, interactive, and immersive digital application was designed, and the various psychological parameters of users while using the application were analyzed through the brain computer interactive device, Emotiv. The impact of these robust and immersive applications on the emotions of human beings was analyzed. According to the observations, the stress and relaxation levels are getting minimally affected, whereas the engagement levels are high for an immersive application rather than a non-immersive application. Hence, it can be concluded that immersive applications put users “in” the application environment and provide a near-realistic experience by blurring the line between the real and virtual worlds. Deeper immersion results from the increased sensation of presence, which in turn is helpful in increasing motivation and emotional investment.•This paper demonstrates the implementation of the A* algorithm within the Unity 3D Game Engine to develop an intelligent digital application, fostering interactivity and depth.•This paper explores the integration of VR technology to transform the digital application into an immersive and interactive experience, enhancing user engagement and realism.•This paper investigates the utilization of the Emotiv Insight device to analyze cognitive parameters within both non-immersive AI-based and immersive AI & VR-based applications, providing insights into user experiences.

Purification of the subtle realm through yagya

Most of the problems of the present times may be attributed to the vitiated thought process and emotions of human beings. Be it the occurrence of physical or mental disorders at the individual level, or the problems in family, society, and the world, the root cause may be attributed to various kinds of vicious human tendencies like jealousy, ego, greed, discontentment, selfishness, etc. Although modern science now realizes the role of vicious human tendencies in the occurrence worldwide problems, yet, as of now, it doesn’t seem to have effective methods for the resolution of these vicious tendencies. Ancient Indian culture provides various methods for the resolution of vicious human tendencies, and yagya is one of the prime methodologies in this regard. Various aspects of Yagya deal with the development of righteous values and virtuous tendencies in human beings, through the cleansing of the subtle realms of consciousness (thoughts and emotions), as well as the subtle environment. The present article described various dimensions of the philosophical principles of yagya associated with the purification of the subtle realms, as well as their implications. The basic principle of yagya represents and develops altruistic feelings and actions. The development of altruistic attitude leads to growth of benevolent sentiments and compassion, which can prevent the arousal of criminal tendencies. An outlook based on the philosophy of yagya can resolve war-like tensions prevalent in the modern world; it can promote sincere discussion on issues faced by humanity and their resolution. The philosophical principles associated with the fire ritual of yagya promote cooperation, sharing and benevolence. Fire of yagya imparts six philosophical teachings through it physical and subtle conduct; adoption of these teachings in one's nature can awaken righteous tendencies, leading to all-round peace and well-being. Various other components of the fire ritual like the herbal mixture, mantras, prayers, etc. contribute in cleansing the subtle realm. Thus, the philosophical principles of yagya, associated with the purification of subtle realm, can be effective in the development of righteous values and virtuous tendencies in human beings, which in turn can lead to the resolution of various problems faced by humanity today.

Micro Expression Spotting through Appearance Based Descriptor and Distance Analysis

Micro-Expressions (MEs) are a typical kind of expressions which are subtle and short lived in nature and reveal the hidden emotion of human beings. Due to processing an entire video, the MEs recognition constitutes huge computational burden and also consumes more time. Hence, MEs spotting is required which locates the exact frames at which the movement of ME persists. Spotting is regarded as a primary step for MEs recognition. This paper proposes a new method for ME spotting which comprises three stages; pre-processing, feature extraction and discrimination. Pre-processing aligns the facial region in every frame based on three landmark points derived from three landmark regions. To do alignment, an in-plane rotation matrix is used which rotates the non-aligned coordinates into aligned coordinates. For feature extraction, two texture based descriptors are deployed; they are Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Local Mean Binary Pattern (LMBP). Finally at discrimination stage, Feature Difference Analysis is employed through Chi-Squared Distance (CSD) and the distance of each frame is compared with a threshold to spot there frames namely Onset, Apex and Offset. Simulation done over a Standard CASME dataset and performance is verified through Feature Difference and F1-Score. The obtained results prove that the proposed method is superior than the state-of-the-art methods.

유배 배행일기의 서술전략 연구

The Diary of a Man Who Followed Exile is a diary that records the experience of a father, grandfather, or teacher who is going to exile by a son, grandchild, or disciple. As can be guessed from the relational peculiarity of the exile and the accompanist, the exile and the accompanist are inevitably very closely connected emotionally. Therefore, the diary of the exile does not merely record the experience and the subconscious of the individual without any purpose and intention.
 The ultimate goal of the diary is to claim the injustice of exile and to restore their damaged reputation. As a result of examining 〈Namhaengnok〉, 〈Bukcheonilrok〉, and 〈Changguekil〉, it was found that narrative strategies of direct explanation and indirect explanation were used to achieve such narrative goals. The descriptive method of direct clarification contributes to securing the basis for identity by providing diverse and rich information. Indirect explanation is not an objective basis, but it is a very intense and effective narrative strategy in that it provides a basis for sympathy that can convince innocent exile.
 Through the process of examining what narrative strategies were used in the exile diary for identity, we can get clues to understand other exile diaries belonging to the same category, and furthermore, we can identify the universal emotions of human beings who are afraid of history.

디지털 아바타와 감정표현 - 에드 앳킨즈의 [더 웜 (The Worm)] (2021)

This paper investigates how human emotions are portrayed through digital avatars created with computer graphics in media art. As overwhelming numbers of images we face in our everyday lives become digital, artists have begun to express not only the physical appearances but also the emotions of human beings via CGI (computer-generated imagery) or with other digital graphic devices. Prominently, the British media artist Ed Atkins uses cutting-edge technologies such as HD graphics and motion capture in his hyper-realistic animation works. One of these, The Worm (2021), casts a hyper-realistic digital avatar purchased from a 3D model creator's website to stand in as the self-image of the artist, showing the avatar making a call to his mother on a phone. Their 12-minute conversation would be a perfect condition to observe the visualization of the emotional expression of the digital avatar, as it involves one of the most advanced techniques to not only graphically realize the image but to capture the facial as well as other physical expressions of a human being. However, the perfected mechanical style of the graphic image seems to work against such identification. Per the artist’s intention, viewers are made to realize how technologically advanced hyper-realism does not immediately guarantee the realistic portrayal of the emotional and sentimental sides of human nature.

중국어 기쁨표현의 한국어 번역 연구 - 은유와 환유를 중심으로 -

Conceptual metaphor and conceptual metonymy are essential mechanisms for expressing human emotions. Joy is one of the representative emotions of human beings, and it has the universality of language in the way it is understood through physiological reflection and specific objects. However, since the expression of joy reflects the culture, there is a difference in the expressive effect. Due to these differences in expression methods for joy, it is difficult for Chinese Korean learners to translate expressions of joy into Korean naturally. Therefore, this study intends to analyze what is an appropriate translation method through Chinese-Korean literary translation. The study is intended to help the Chinese Korean learners understand the difference in joy expression between Korean and Chinese, thereby helping them understand cultural differences and creating readable translated texts. In this study, a parallel corpus of the Chinese-Korean translation of 2 modern Chinese novels, "LOVE O2O(微微一笑很倾城)" (2009) and "To Live(活着)" (2007) was built. Furthermore, 500 metaphors and metonymous expressions with expressions of joy were selected from the text, and the Korean translation method of the translated version was analyzed.

Learning Social Relationship From Videos via Pre-Trained Multimodal Transformer

As a crucial task for video analysis, social relation recognition from characters provides intelligent applications with great potential to better understand the behaviors or emotions of human beings. Most existing methods mainly focus on training models from a large amount of labeled data. However, labeling social relations in videos is time-consuming. To solve this problem, we propose a Pre-trained Multimodal Feature Learning (PMFL) framework for self-supervised learning from unlabeled video data, and then transfer the pre-trained PMFL to downstream social relationship recognition task. First, the space-time interaction between visual instances, and cross-modal interaction between visual and textual information provide important cues for social relation understanding. To incorporate these cues, we design a Multimodal Instance Interaction Transformer (MIIT), which consists of two Transformers to capture intra-modal and cross-modal information interaction, respectively. Second, to better endow PMFL with the capability of learning visual and textual semantic features, we pre-train it via two tasks: Masked Action Feature Regression (MAFR) and Masked Object Label Classification (MOLC). These tasks can help learn both intra-modal and cross-modal semantic information. After fine-tuning PMFL from pre-trained parameters, it achieves the state-of-the-art results on a public benchmark.

CRITICAL INSIGHT IN CONCEPT OF TRIGUNA: A REVIEW

Theory of Triguna, originally explained in Sankhya Darshana and accepted in Ayurveda, says that the whole universe is composed of three major attributes namely Satwa, Raja and Tama. The living being, with its physique and psyche, represents the universe, hence, is made up of these three major attributes. The relationship of triguna with Panchamahabhuta, Tridosha and Shadchakra are already studied. Transactional analysis and triguna are inter-related. Basic emotions of human beings are love, hatred and fear. They generate need, action and confusion. These three qualities are interdependent, complementary and antagonistic at the same time. Wellness of human beings incorporates eight mutually interdependent dimensions. All these dimensions cannot be satisfied by a personality with a single guna, but a combination of Satwa, Raja and Tamo guna play here. Similarly multiple intelligences in a person depend on the predominant guna present in them. By understanding and promoting the multiple intelligences in a person helps to shine them in their own world. This paper is a prime attempt to put light on the concept of triguna.

IoMT Based Facial Emotion Recognition System Using Deep Convolution Neural Networks

Facial emotion recognition (FER) is the procedure of identifying human emotions from facial expressions. It is often difficult to identify the stress and anxiety levels of an individual through the visuals captured from computer vision. However, the technology enhancements on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) have yielded impressive results from gathering various forms of emotional and physical health-related data. The novel deep learning (DL) algorithms are allowing to perform application in a resource-constrained edge environment, encouraging data from IoMT devices to be processed locally at the edge. This article presents an IoMT based facial emotion detection and recognition system that has been implemented in real-time by utilizing a small, powerful, and resource-constrained device known as Raspberry-Pi with the assistance of deep convolution neural networks. For this purpose, we have conducted one empirical study on the facial emotions of human beings along with the emotional state of human beings using physiological sensors. It then proposes a model for the detection of emotions in real-time on a resource-constrained device, i.e., Raspberry-Pi, along with a co-processor, i.e., Intel Movidius NCS2. The facial emotion detection test accuracy ranged from 56% to 73% using various models, and the accuracy has become 73% performed very well with the FER 2013 dataset in comparison to the state of art results mentioned as 64% maximum. A t-test is performed for extracting the significant difference in systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and the heart rate of an individual watching three different subjects (angry, happy, and neutral).

Investigating Life Skills Of Students Who Are Engaged In Sports (İstanbul Bakırköy District Example)

Purpose: Sport is defined as regular physical activities for different purposes and it is a concept, which is aimed at satisfyingthe subconscious emotions of human beings, such as integrating a set of physical, psychological and mental efforts, andsocializing. Nowadays, sports are becoming more and more important in terms of their place and importance in the society aswell as increasing their influence on human life. Individual athletes develop in terms of physical and mental abilities. It is knownthat it strengthens social ties among individuals and socializes the individual in terms of its social aspect. This study wasconducted to examine the life skills of individuals participating in sports activities in high schools in terms of various variables.Design/Methodology/Approach: In this study, the Effect of Sport Scale on Life Skills was used. Screening method was used inthe research. The research population consists of 417 students studying in high schools in Bakırköy district of Istanbul.Findings: Sports in young people; it has been found that it has developed many life skills such as teamwork, goal setting, takinginitiative, respecting other peoples, time management, cognitive skills, emotional skills, communication skills, social skills,leadership, problem solving and decision making.Highlights: The findings are discussed with previous studies and suggestions for new research are included.

역사적 개념으로서의 노스탤지어 - ‘응답하라’에서 혁명의 소비까지

This article examines the journey of nostalgia from the origin of the word to the modern and post-modern times, draws a conceptual outline of this particular emotion, and asks the possibility of it as an object of historical analysis and inquiry. Nostalgia, which started from a medical diagnosis of longing for homeland, has come to be recognized as a natural emotion of human beings facing the past that is becoming stale in modern times, and as a creative response. Furthermore, in the 20th century, new mass media and technology brought the imaginary past into an even more open public sphere, and as a result, nostalgia was found to be a new application as a tool for activating a consumption-oriented lifestyle and as a means of political propaganda. Today, nostalgia is regarded as a sentiment that can be analyzed historically and collectively, and is recognized as one of the signs of the borders of politics, economy, culture, art, and history.

Specifying the Concept of Sadness in the Holy Qur’an: A Qualitative Analysis

Introduction: Sadness is the most important natural emotion of human beings. The feeling of sadness is experienced throughout the private and public life of mankind. Therefore, the present study aimed to explain the concept of grief by referring to the Holy Qur’an. Methods: This study was conducted through qualitative content analysis method. From among the Qur’anic concepts relevant to sadness, which were collected from the whole Qur’an, 60 concepts were selected via targeted sampling for analysis. Results: From the analysis of the Qur’anic concepts of sadness, six main categories including “physiology”, “psychology”, “emotion”, “spirituality”, “remedy”, and “consequences” emerged. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be inferred that sadness in the Holy Qur’an is a multidimensional concept and various structures have been used to explain it. That is why all human beings, with respect to the high incidence of depression and sadness, have to pay more attention to this concept, and for being treated, they must accept that all things in the universe occur under God’s lordship.

On the Translatability of MoYan’s Novels and the C-E Translation

Literature works of supranational or international significance must have considerable “translatability” internally. Mo Yan’s works show obvious world characteristics in the theme and techniques of creation, which constitute the internal “translatability” of his works. This paper discusses the translatability of Mo Yan’s novels from four aspects: the theme, the structure, the image and the language of the novels, and then analyzes the translatability of the theme reflected in the English translation. The paper finds that, the translatability in the theme of creation is embodied in its most basic and natural desires and emotions of human beings, and the universality beyond time and space, that the translatability of the novel structure is embodied in the strong story-telling feature and the obvious plot of the novel, that the translatability of the image is embodied in its clear and common reference of the images, and that the translatability of the language is embodied in the language characteristic of story-telling, and the less profound and obscure language expressions. This paper also takes the English versions of Red Sorghum and Big Breasts & Wide Hips translated by Howard Goldblatt as examples to analyze in detail the embodiment of translatability in the theme of the novel. It is found out that due to the translatability in the theme of the original novels, the English translation greatly represent the themes expressing humanity, free life and religion.

VR virtual reality technology and treatment progress

Fear is a basic emotion of human beings. Normal people will have a fearful stress response when they face dangerous and threatening stimuli.Normal fear helps individuals to mobilize their physical and psychological functions to respond, and is an individual's need for survival and development. But environmental objective things or irrational fear and tension and with marked autonomic disorder is a disease that phobia (Phobia). Acrophobia is a common phobia. At present, the treatment of phobia is mainly desensitization technology. VR technology provides new ideas for the treatment of phobia. This article will introduce its progress.

Kamishibai educational: a tool as a common project

The creation of the collaborative team for the distinction of improvements in activities designed to impact teaching strategies, which will ultimately provide an increase in literacy, historical research and creativity for the acquisition of new knowledge through tools for planning, reading of discontinuous texts, and the visual expression of specific texts that give meaning to the systematization of processes that can be reproduced in different areas of knowledge of expected learning but with the constructivist approach to education delineated by the concept of General Systems Theory and the emphasis on humanism as a regulator of the emotions of human beings that intertwine in an educational community.

Mental Technologies: Distant Mental Influence on the Behaviour, Physiology, and Emotions of Human Beings, and on Biological and Physical Targets.

Even though it is still difficult for many to accept that our minds have the ability to influence and acquire information at a distance – that is to say, by unconventional means – there have already been several attempts to apply these abilities. This work provides a review of state-of-the-art practical applications of our mind’s ability to obtain information at a distance, even from the future, and its ability to influence – always distantly and unconventionally – the behaviour, emotions, and physiology of human beings and biological and physical targets. Within the rich variety of these applications, some are already common outside the sphere of pure scientific research because their efficacy has by now been validated, while others’ applicability still require fine-tuning so that they too, in a not too distant future, become real mental technologies.

An efficient approach for facial action unit intensity detection using distance metric learning based on cosine similarity

Emotions of human beings are largely represented by facial expressions. Facial expressions, simple as well as complex, are well decoded by facial action units. Any facial expression can be detected and analyzed if facial action units are decoded well. In the presented work, an attempt has been made to detect facial action unit intensity by mapping the features based on their cosine similarity. Distance metric learning based on cosine similarity maps the data by learning a metric that measures orientation rather than magnitude. The motivation behind using cosine similarity is that change in facial expressions can be better represented by changes in orientation as compared to the magnitude. The features are applied to support vector machine for classification of various intensities of action units. Experimental results on the popularly accepted database such as DISFA database and UNBC McMaster shoulder pain database confirm the efficacy of the proposed approach.

SMEConvNet: A Convolutional Neural Network for Spotting Spontaneous Facial Micro-Expression From Long Videos

Micro-expression is a subtle and involuntary facial expression that may reveal the hidden emotion of human beings. Spotting micro-expression means to locate the moment when the micro-expression happens, which is a primary step for micro-expression recognition. Previous work in micro-expression spotting focus on spotting micro-expression from short video , and with hand-crafted features. In this paper, we present a methodology for spotting micro-expression from long videos . Specifically, a new convolutional neural network named spotting micro-expression convolutional network was designed for extracting features from video clips, which is the first time that deep learning is used in micro-expression spotting. Then, a feature matrix processing method was proposed for spotting the apex frame from long video , which uses a sliding window and takes the characteristics of micro-expression into account to search the apex frame. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve a better performance than the existing state-of-art methods.

Comparing Skills of Critical Thinking and Happiness among Students of Faculty of Medial Sciences and other Universities of Ghaen

Background: Educational achievement is highly important in the higher education and universities’ system in all countries. Critical thinking and problem solving skills are the main outcomes of higher education and the accreditation criteria. Happiness is one of the fundamental emotions of human beings that has a crucial role in the health of individuals and society. It could be the catalyst and facilitator in the development of critical thinking. The purpose of the present study was to compare critical thinking skills and happiness among the students of different universities. Methods: This is a descriptive analytical study conducted on 244 students of different universities of Ghaen that entered the study by multistage cluster sampling. Rytas questionnaire of critical thinking 2003 and Oxford Happiness questionnaire were used and the data were analyzed by SPSS (ver. 14), Pearson's correlation, independent t-test, and ANOVA and the statistical significance level was 0.05. Results: 163 participants (66.8%) were male and 81 students (33.2%) were female. The results presented that there is a significant difference between the mean of critical thinking and happiness among the students based on universities (p0. 05). Furthermore, there is a significant difference between critical thinking and happiness (r=0. 246). Conclusions: Educational programmers should concern critical thinking and the methods to upgrade it. Moreover, the teachers should use new teaching methods in the curriculum in order to increase happiness in the students.

Analysis into the Universal Emotion of Human Beings to Develop a Humanities based Therapeutic Program

Background/Objectives: Understanding the universal feelings of humans and its association words is expected to provide fundamental resources for the diagnosis and prescription of target patients, which is essential in the humanities therapy. Methods/Statistical Analysis: A questionnaire survey was conducted for the study method. The general characteristics were analyzed for frequency using the statistic program R, and a multiple response analysis was conducted for the questions about association words. Perception of Koreans about love stays at a community level such as family rather than at an individual level. Findings: In the case of 'Happiness'-associated words Koreans put more importance on the spiritual satisfaction than the actual behavior or objects in terms of their value in happiness. Perception of Koreans about sadness is relationship-centered and they suffer an emotional injury when those relationships are cut off or split up. Koreans consider death their fate whereas they understand it negative causing fear, terror and loss rather than accept it as a part of life. Improvements: This study finding are expected to be used as effective resources to develop a therapeutic program relevant to mental disorders as it was based on the empirical analysis into the universal emotion such as the values of happiness and death of ordinary people.