Emotional Profile Research Articles

Consumers’ perception of bakery products with insect fat as partial butter replacement

Including insect ingredients into familiar food products could be a step in enabling a higher acceptance of insects in Western countries. This study investigates the potential of bakery products containing black soldier fly larvae fat (BSF LF) as an ingredient. Sensory and emotional profiling, WTP, liking and product preference were examined for cakes, cookies, and waffles by a total of 344 respondents. Each bakery product was formulated with 0%, 25% and 50% BSF LF as butter substitute. Results showed that BSF LF can replace 25% of butter in these bakery products without changing the overall food experience and liking. In waffles, the substitution might even be up to 50% without influencing consumer’s acceptance. The attributes related to texture and color were hardly affected indicating that this insect fat provides a similar structure and functionality to bakery products as compared with butter. Future research should explore the use of refined BSF LF to reduce off-flavors perceived in formulations containing a higher percentage of insect fat.

Anticipated nostalgia: Looking forward to looking back

ABSTRACTAnticipated nostalgia is a new construct that has received limited empirical attention. It concerns the anticipation of having nostalgic feelings for one’s present and future experiences. In three studies, we assessed its prevalence, content, emotional profile, and implications for self-regulation and psychological functioning. Study 1 revealed that anticipated nostalgia most typically concerns interpersonal relationships, and also concerns goals, plans, current life, and culture. Further, it is affectively laden with happiness, sadness, bittersweetness, and sociality. Studies 2 and 3 assessed the implications of anticipated nostalgia for self-regulation and psychological functioning. In both studies, positive evaluation of a personal experience was linked to stronger anticipated nostalgia, and anticipated nostalgia was linked to savouring of the experience. In Study 3, anticipated nostalgia measured prior to an important life transition predicted nostalgia a few months after the transition, and post-transition nostalgia predicted heightened self-esteem, social connectedness, and meaning in life.

Emotional profiling through supervised machine learning of interrupted EEG interpolation

It has been reported that the construction of emotion profiling models using supervised machine learning involves data acquisition, signal pre-processing, feature extraction and classification. However, almost all papers do not address the issue of profiling emotion using supervised machine learning on the interrupted encephalogram (EEG) signals. Based on a preliminary study, emotion profiling on interrupted EEG signals produces low classification accuracy, using multilayer perceptron (MLP). Furthermore, lower emotion classification accuracy is produced from interrupted EEG signals with higher number of segments. Thus, the objective of this paper is to propose a technique and present the outcomes of handling interrupted EEG signals for emotion profiling. This is done by the suppression and interpolation of originally interrupted EEG signals at pre-process stage. As a result, emotion classification using MLP on interpolated data improves from 80.1% to 95%.

PERSONALITY PROFILE OF THE NURSE AS A PREDICTOR FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

Background: Stress is one of the main factors affecting nurses 'personality profile with others psychiatric distress of depression and anxiety as well as neuroticism and emotional stability profile. Aim: This study aimed to examine the influence of personality traits on the development of depressive state and Anxiety distress among nurses. Subjects and Method: Descriptive correlational design was used: (102) nurses in El-Mahala General Hospital were choosing according to inclusion criteria. The instruments used for data collection were, socio-demographic data sheet, the Eysenck personality inventory test (EPI)-57 and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale DASS-21. Results: revealed that there was a statistical significant relation of personality profile and psychological distress. Conclusions: most common personality profile of the nurses was introversion neuroticism with positive correlation between anxiety, depression and stress disorders.

Música para el desarrollo de la conciencia emocional

Esta investigación se centra en la educación emocional a través de la música. Tiene como objetivos determinar el perfil emocional que caracteriza a una selección de 56 piezas del repertorio de la música clásica occidental, a partir de su asociación con 6 emociones, básicas (alegría, amor, calma, enfado, miedo y tristeza), e identificar los elementos musicales que intervienen en dicha asociación emocional. Todo ello, con el fin de constituir una herramienta y un punto de partida para el diseño de actividades musicales enfocadas al desarrollo de competencias emocionales en el aula. Los datos recogidos a partir de una encuesta realizada a 69 estudiantes del Grado de Maestro de Educación Infantil, en la que se solicitaba asociar cada una de las audiciones propuestas con una de las 6 emociones e indicar el nivel de intensidad emocional percibida, han permitido construir una tabla de contingencia para realizar un Análisis Factorial de Correspondencias y aplicar el Método de clasificación jerárquico. Por otro lado, con la realización de un análisis musical estandarizado, se han podido caracterizar los parámetros musicales representativos de cada emoción. Los hallazgos muestran que la mayoría de las audiciones aparecen asociadas a más de una emoción. La emoción que más ha influido en la diferenciación de las audiciones es la alegría, seguida del miedo. Por su parte, miedo y enfado son emociones con perfiles bastante próximos. Y la calma es un sentimiento más difícil de percibir a través de las audiciones, ya que presenta un perfil muy asociado a la tristeza y también al amor. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la audición musical activa, centrada en la identificación de las emociones que promueve, permite despertar y movilizar la conciencia emocional de las personas.

Game-Calibrated and User-Tailored Remote Detection of Stress and Boredom in Games.

Emotion detection based on computer vision and remote extraction of user signals commonly rely on stimuli where users have a passive role with limited possibilities for interaction or emotional involvement, e.g., images and videos. Predictive models are also trained on a group level, which potentially excludes or dilutes key individualities of users. We present a non-obtrusive, multifactorial, user-tailored emotion detection method based on remotely estimated psychophysiological signals. A neural network learns the emotional profile of a user during the interaction with calibration games, a novel game-based emotion elicitation material designed to induce emotions while accounting for particularities of individuals. We evaluate our method in two experiments ( and ) with mean classification accuracy of 61.6%, which is statistically significantly better than chance-level classification. Our approach and its evaluation present unique circumstances: our model is trained on one dataset (calibration games) and tested on another (evaluation game), while preserving the natural behavior of subjects and using remote acquisition of signals. Results of this study suggest our method is feasible and an initiative to move away from questionnaires and physical sensors into a non-obtrusive, remote-based solution for detecting emotions in a context involving more naturalistic user behavior and games.

The behavioral and affective profile of inpatient adolescent girls with restrictive anorexia nervosa.

A better understanding of the individual difficulties reported by adolescents presenting with anorexia nervosa seems like an interesting avenue to refine our understanding of their psychological functioning. This study aimed to: (1) describe the behavioral and affective profile of difficulties of inpatient adolescent girls presenting a restricting type of anorexia (ANR); and (2) investigate the presence of a relationship between behavioral and affective problems and severity of the disorder. The sample consisted of 52 inpatient adolescent girls presenting an ANR. The youth self report assessed the behavioral and emotional profile of difficulties of participants while the Eating Disorder Risk Composite of the Eating Disorder Inventory measured the symptomatology of the disorder. A ratio between body mass index at admission and at the end of the treatment served as an indicator of weight gain. The sample presented an internalized profile of problems. Individual differences were found and three profiles of difficulties were present in the sample: normative, pure internalizing and mixed (clinical on the internalizing and externalizing clusters). This study provides information on the heterogeneity of this specific population otherwise quite similar and demonstrates how severity of the disorder can be associated with a wide range of other behavioral and affective difficulties. Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Análise do perfil do paciente suicida: revisão integrativa

Objetivo: Identificar por meio da literatura qual o perfil do paciente suicida. Metodos: O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, elaborada através da consulta de descritores nas bases de dados PubMed; BVS (Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde), e EBSCO no período de novembro 2018 a janeiro de 2019. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos disponíveis em sua totalidade, publicados nos últimos cinco anos (2014 a 2019), e estudos publicados nos idiomas Português, Espanhol e Inglês. Foram excluídas outras formas de publicação que não fossem artigos científicos completos. Resultados: A maioria das vítimas de tentativa de suicídio são jovens do gênero masculino. Quanto ao perfil emocional da pessoa suicida segundo os estudos, foi relacionado um perfil de pessoas com depressão, ansiedade, melancolismo, com baixo autoestima, sentindo-se desamparados, e com desesperança em relação a vida. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que os jovens do gênero masculino são mais propensos a tentarem suicídio, e que os profissionais de saúde têm importante papel na prevenção do suicídio, pois eles garantem uma assistência de qualidade e de acordo com as necessidades físicas e psicoemocionais dos pacientes.

Analysis of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Resilience, and Family Functioning in Adolescents’ Sustainable Use of Alcohol and Tobacco

The use of alcohol and tobacco is related to several variables, which act as risk or protective factors depending on the circumstances. The objectives of this study were to analyze the relationship between emotional intelligence, resilience, and family functioning in adolescent use of alcohol and tobacco, and to find emotional profiles for their use with regard to self-concept. The sample was made up of 317 high school students aged 13 to 18, who filled out the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory, the Resilience Scale for Adolescents, the APGAR Scale, the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire–Adolescents, and the Five-Factor Self-Concept Questionnaire. The results revealed that emotional intelligence and resilience, specifically stress management and family cohesion, were significant in the group of non-users. Family functioning acts as a predictor for the onset of use of tobacco and alcohol. Positive expectancies about drinking alcohol were found to be a risk factor, and the intrapersonal factor was found to be protective. Both stress management and family cohesion were protective factors against smoking. Furthermore, cluster analysis revealed the emotional profiles for users of both substances based on self-concept. Finally, the importance of the direction of the relationship between the variables studied for intervention in this problem should be mentioned. Responsible use by improving adolescent decision-making is one of the results expected from this type of intervention.

Psychological characteristics of war veterans after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim To determine psychological characteristics of war veterans after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). Methods The study included 207 war veterans with war experience in B&H. Evaluation of veterans was conducted by the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ)-B&H version, Emotion Profile Index (EPI), Life Style Questionnaire (Life Style index - LSI). Results Veterans who show symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had more traumatic experiences and higher level of traumatization than veterans who did not show PTSD symptoms (p=0.000). Low level of reproduction, incorporation, lack of control, self-defence and exploratory and acceptable responses (p=0.000), lack of control (p=0.025) and deprivation (p=0.013) were shown on the emotional profile by war veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Negation, intellectualization and compensation were coping strategies for traumatic experiences and symptoms of PTSD, used by war veterans. Conclusion War veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder experienced more traumatic experiences and show more severe symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. In the emotional profile, there was a lower level of emotional states, and coping strategies with posttraumatic stress disorder were negating, intellectualization and compensation. The treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder is becoming a conspicuous public health problem.

Do immersive techniques help to capture consumer reality?

Immersive technologies simulating real-life environments can be effective tools in consumer testing, providing results with a higher external validity than laboratory testing and be a valid alternative to consumer testing in real-life situations. The current study compares three immersive techniques implemented in laboratory settings reproducing the situation of ‘drinking beer in a pub’ – 1. immersive room with the projection of the situation on flat walls with videos at 180° and with a pub set-up, 2. VR headset with the projection of the situation from a 360° Video, 3. VR headset with the projection of the situation from 3D modelling and 360° photos. The aim was to assess their added value versus tests conducted in a traditional testing environment (“in-lab”) and in a real pub. Emotional profile, liking, intention to re-taste the beer samples and consumers’ perceived engagement were assessed and compared in these five test conditions. A total of 513 Italian male adults (mean age 37.4) were involved in the study, each participating in one test setting. The immersive techniques were assessed for efficacy in products’ discrimination and repeatability through comparison of duplicate samples. Overall, the findings provided evidence of lesser product discrimination for hedonic questions and for emotions in assessments in the real pub and in the immersive approaches compared with central location test. Repeatability, measured as proximity of hedonic scores provided by individual participants to the duplicate products, was better in the real pub and in the immersive room. Data on emotions showed a good level of repeatability in all the test conditions. Moreover, the frequency of emotions showing positive relation with liking was higher for in-context evaluations compared to central location test. All the immersive technologies tested improved consumers engagement. Overall, more similarity of the results with the real pub was obtained for the immersive room and VR 3D modelling.

Mechanisms linking mindfulness and early smoking abstinence: An ecological momentary assessment study.

Research has suggested that individuals with greater dispositional mindfulness (i.e., nonjudgmental, present-focused attention) are more likely to quit smoking, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated mechanisms linking mindfulness and early smoking abstinence using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Participants were 355 smokers (33% Caucasian, 33% African American, 32% Latino; 55% female) receiving smoking cessation treatment. Mindfulness was assessed at baseline and on the quit date. For 4 days prequit and 1 week postquit, participants completed up to 4 EMAs per day indicating levels of negative affect (NA), positive affect (PA), smoking urges, and affect regulation expectancies. Mean, slope, and volatility were calculated for each prequit and postquit EMA variable. Associations among mindfulness, EMA parameters, and abstinence on the quit day and 7 days postquit, as well as indirect effects of mindfulness on abstinence through EMA parameters, were examined. Mindfulness predicted higher odds of abstinence in unadjusted but not covariate-adjusted models. Mindfulness predicted lower NA, higher PA, and lower affective volatility. Lower stress mediated the association between mindfulness and quit-day abstinence. Higher ratings of happy and relaxed, and lower ratings of bored, sad, and angry, mediated the association between mindfulness and postquit abstinence. Mindfulness appeared to weaken the association between craving and postquit abstinence. This study elucidates real-time, real-life mechanisms underlying dispositional mindfulness and smoking abstinence. During the early process of quitting smoking, more mindful individuals appeared to have more favorable emotional profiles, which predicted higher likelihood of achieving abstinence 1 week after the quit date. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Implicit evaluation of the emotional response to premium organic herbal infusions through a temporal dominance approach: Development of the temporal dominance of facial emotions (TDFE)

One of the greatest challenges when designing research on emotions is the conception of an efficient tool for their measurement. The FaceReader™ emerged as an implicit tool capable of analysing facial expression patterns whether in recorded or real-time videos. This software produces large datasets on temporal variation of the intensity of basic emotions.The main goals of this research were: (i) to develop a new data analysis procedure, based on temporal dominance approaches to evaluate temporal data from Face Reader, called the Temporal Dominance of Facial Emotions (TDFE), (ii) to relate the results from TDFE with the EsSense Profile® evaluation, (iii) to evaluate different market samples and to establish its emotional profile.An untrained panel of 50 naïve panellists tasted five samples. For each infusion, the overall liking was evaluated using a 9-point scale (1-dislike extremely to 9-like extremely) followed by the evaluation of the emotional profile, using an adapted version of the EsSense Profile®. The entire test was video- recorded using web cameras placed in front of the panellists and adjusted, to obtain a correct measurement of their facial expressions.Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between samples were found for overall liking. The correlation between TDFE and EsSense Profile® was 0.704, above the reference value of 0.680. However, from both methods one can identify a clear emotional profile of the samples under evaluation.Both methodologies appear to be promising regarding the emotional profile characterization. However, the lower direct correlation can be explained by the difference in positive and negative emotions. FaceReader™ identifies more negative than positive emotions, while the EsSense Profile® identified the opposite. Therefore, both approaches should be regarded as complementary.

Relative incidence and origins of achievement emotions in computer-based collaborative problem-solving: A control-value approach

This study applied the control-value theory of achievement emotions to investigate the antecedents of achievement emotions experienced by adolescents in computer-based collaborative problem-solving (CPS) activities. In addition, it identified the set of discrete achievement emotions that adolescents experience in CPS scenarios. Results of structural equation modeling revealed that experiencing enjoyment was associated with higher task value and small increases in perceived academic control, whereas anger and boredom were negatively associated with control and value. Further, during CPS activities students experienced stronger positive activating emotions (e.g., enjoyment) more intensely than negative activating (e.g., anger) or deactivating emotions (e.g., boredom), providing us with the first profile of adolescents' emotions in the new CPS domain. These findings contribute uniquely to the field of affective computing, and specifically, are relevant to the development of advanced learning technologies (ALTs) used to automatically detect and respond to adolescents' emotions in CPS scenarios.

Coffee Drinking and Emotions: Are There Key Sensory Drivers for Emotions?

In the past couple of decades the coffee market has exploded, and to remain competitive, it is important to identify the key drivers for consumer acceptance of coffee. This study expanded on the previous emotion study on a population of coffee drinkers in Manhattan, Kansas, USA and focused on identifying the sensory drivers of emotional responses elicited during the coffee drinking experience (CDE). A trained coffee panel performed a descriptive analysis of six coffee samples and identified the key sensory attributes that discriminated each coffee. Utilizing Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR), the descriptive data were then mapped with the emotion data to identify sensory drivers for eliciting the emotional responses. The sensory characteristics of dark roast coffee (roast–aroma and flavor, burnt–aroma and flavor, bitter, and body) might elicit positive-high energy feelings for this population of coffee users. Tobacco (flavor) and cocoa (aroma) may also be responsible for positive emotions (content, good, and pleasant). Citrus and acidity seemed to be negative sensory drivers as they induced the feeling of off-balance. Sensory descriptive data could be useful to describe emotion profiles elicited by coffee drinking, which could help the coffee industry create coffee products for different segments of coffee drinkers.

Pre-performance emotions and music performance anxiety beliefs in young musicians

The aim of this study is to investigate the structure and complexity of emotional states experienced by young musicians before entering the stage and to explain the influence of emotional beliefs on their pre-performance emotions. Emotions were elicited with a guided imagery induction, where 222 students aged 9- to 12-years-old recalled their most recent concert memory. They described their emotions on the list of 18 emotions (nine pairs of contrary emotions) and answered three questions measuring music performance anxiety (MPA) beliefs: MPA utility beliefs, MPA regulation beliefs, and audience attitude beliefs. The cluster analysis results show the complexity and multiplicity of emotional states reported by young musicians. Five emotional profiles vary from negative emotions of fear and sadness (High MPA) through a mixture of positive and negative emotions (Moderate MPA, Hesitation, Ambivalence) to positive emotions of confidence, courage and happiness (Composure-Confidence). Beliefs that MPA has negative impact on performance, beliefs of inefficacy in managing MPA and perceived audience pressure rather than support were related to High and Moderate MPA profiles. Practical implications for music education are discussed.

Cell-Coupled Long Short-Term Memory With L -Skip Fusion Mechanism for Mood Disorder Detection Through Elicited Audiovisual Features.

In early stages, patients with bipolar disorder are often diagnosed as having unipolar depression in mood disorder diagnosis. Because the long-term monitoring is limited by the delayed detection of mood disorder, an accurate and one-time diagnosis is desirable to avoid delay in appropriate treatment due to misdiagnosis. In this paper, an elicitation-based approach is proposed for realizing a one-time diagnosis by using responses elicited from patients by having them watch six emotion-eliciting videos. After watching each video clip, the conversations, including patient facial expressions and speech responses, between the participant and the clinician conducting the interview were recorded. Next, the hierarchical spectral clustering algorithm was employed to adapt the facial expression and speech response features by using the extended Cohn-Kanade and eNTERFACE databases. A denoizing autoencoder was further applied to extract the bottleneck features of the adapted data. Then, the facial and speech bottleneck features were input into support vector machines to obtain speech emotion profiles (EPs) and the modulation spectrum (MS) of the facial action unit sequence for each elicited response. Finally, a cell-coupled long short-term memory (LSTM) network with an L -skip fusion mechanism was proposed to model the temporal information of all elicited responses and to loosely fuse the EPs and the MS for conducting mood disorder detection. The experimental results revealed that the cell-coupled LSTM with the L -skip fusion mechanism has promising advantages and efficacy for mood disorder detection.

Comorbid sensorimotor and emotional profiles in the forced swim test immobility and predictive value of a single assay in very old female mice.

The increase of prevalence of mental health problems in the elderly due to the aging of the population becomes an outstanding issue since in most individuals it happens in an already complex multimorbid scenario that may include frailty and age-related medical conditions. Depression, soon the major cause of global disease burden, can be found as an age-related comorbidity and frailty, or as part of neurodegenerative diseases and where females are more vulnerable to it. Thought the multifactorial aetiology and heterogeneous nature of depression render it difficult to be modelled in animals, active behaviours elicited in the Forced Swimming Test (FST) are used to screen antidepressant treatments. However, interpretation of immobility remains controversial. The present work addressed this issue in very-old (21 months) female C57bl/6 × 129 mice, also with the concern that a '6 minutes × 2 days' protocol can result demanding for a very-old animal and confounding factors may also arise. Animals were behaviourally assessed for sensorimotor functions, emotionality and anxiety-like behaviours, novelty seeking, and immobility in a 2-days FST. The predictive value of the first day evidenced that one single assay as sufficient for the assessment of immobility, and that the repeated test did not increase the immobility response. Moreover, sensorimotor tasks, neophobia in the corner test and emotional behaviour in the dark-light box correlated with FST immobility, contributing to the response. The results support the concern of geroscience on the relevance of using aged animals but also aware about taking into account the complexity of their comorbid scenario.

The relationship between parental involvement in education and children's academic/emotion profiles: A person-centered approach

The present study used a person-centered approach to identify academic/emotion profiles and examined whether different dimensions of parental involvement are associated with these profiles. Data were collected on 2323 children and their parents. Three student academic/emotion profiles were identified: High Achiever and Positive Emotion profile, Low Achiever and Moderate Emotion profile, and Average Achiever and Negative emotion profile. We found that mother monitoring, mother-child communication, mother-child activity and father-child activity can lead to more favorable child profiles, whereas mother learning assistance, mother-school contact, and father-school contact can result in a higher chance of children transitioning to risky profiles.

Traditional and Cyber Bullying/Victimization Among Adolescents: Examining Their Psychosocial Profile Through Latent Profile Analysis

Although increasingly more studies investigate the relationship of cyber and traditional bullying/victimization, it is unclear whether the phenomena are distinct. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles that Greek Junior High school students engage in cyber and traditional bullying/victimization incidents, as well as the psychosocial and emotional profiles of the students that are classified into each participant role. Overall, 1097 Greek Junior High school students (mean age = 13.95, 51% girls) completed a self-report questionnaire about cyber and traditional bullying/victimization, empathy, psychopathic traits, online disinhibition, social skills, social anxiety, and peer relations. Latent profile analysis indicated four distinct groups of participants (“uninvolved,” “bullies,” “victims,” “bully/victims”). ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis analyses showed that “uninvolved” students had the most adaptive profile (low scores in psychopathic traits and online disinhibition and high in social skills), while students who frequently bullied both online and offline (“bullies”) were the least functional of the sample (e.g., high scores in psychopathic traits and low in empathy and social skills) and differed on several characteristics from those classified as “bully/victims.” Finally, victims had a poor psychosocial profile (e.g., high social anxiety and poor social relations). These findings confirm that cyber aggression is part of a general bullying/victimization pattern and that students are most effectively classified based on their behavior and not the context of manifestation. Findings can contribute to the ongoing debate on the similarities/differences of cyber and traditional bullying/victimization, as well as their simultaneous occurrence.